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This study aimed to investigate the morphological and morphometric features, as well as the histological composition of the medial and lateral menisci of domestic cats. A total of 180 menisci were obtained from 45 skeletally mature cat cadavers, followed by measuring the peripheral extension, width and thickness, circumference of the body and the body with horns, articulating height, and superior articulating length. A histological assessment was conducted to determine the meniscal cellularity and histomorphology. Each meniscus was evaluated in three regions (cranial horn, body, and caudal horn) and three zones (outer, middle, and deep). The proteoglycan content and collagen distribution were also examined. Overall, 62.2% of the medial meniscus displayed a crescentic shape, whereas 86.7% of the lateral meniscus exhibited a C-shaped configuration. The morphometric analysis revealed that the lateral menisci significantly differed (P<0.05) in circumference, thickness, width, and articulating height from the medial menisci. Despite cell density was not significantly different across the regions, the cellularity decreased from the outer zone to the deep zone of the menisci. Proteoglycan content was not significantly different in the various regions but was increased significantly (P<0.05) in the middle meniscal zone. Types I, II, and III collagens were distributed throughout the meniscal regions and zones. Type I collagen was abundant within the meniscus. In contrast, type III collagen is primarily localized in the middle zone. In conclusion, feline menisci exhibit morphometric variations and distinctive histological features, offering crucial insights for veterinarians and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human activity and natural events may deteriorate or destroy archaeological sites. Mitigation is therefore a priority for their preservation. Pachacamac Museum has developed programs for research and conservation since 2008. The archaeological sanctuary of Pachacamac (second–sixteenth century), which consists of buildings made from adobe, roads, enclosures, and platforms, is located along the semi-arid central coast of Peru and was damaged in about 600 due to intense rain related to a major sixth-century El Niño event. More recent damage occurred during the 1925–26 El Niño episode. The Templo del Sol (fifteenth–sixteenth centuries) is one of the main adobe constructions, located on a hill about 60 m high. Orthophotogrammetric data was obtained for the Templo del Sol, to construct a 3 cm resolution digital surface model (DSM) and an orthoimage. Morphometric analysis of the DSM using hydrological and geomorphological quantitative parameters identified areas subjected to water flow or pooling during rainfall, and exposure of the building to wind and solar radiation, the latter responsible for the deterioration of painted walls. Areas of potential collapse were identified. This provides quantitative data for the planning, design, and execution of activities to preserve the site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Arqueologia is the property of Revista de Arqueologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The stylomastoid foramen is located on the inferior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone between the base of the styloid process and mastoid processes. Through the stylomastoid foramen the facial nerve completes its intracranial part. The aim of this study was to analyze the morphometric parameters, shape and position of the stylomastoid foramen on the skulls in Serbian population, and to correlate it with gender and body side. The study included 44 dry adult skulls (88 stylomastoid foramen). After we determined the gender, the skulls were photographed, and then distances of the stylomastoid foramen from various important landmarks of the skull base were measured in programme ImageJ. The shape and position of the stylomastoid foramen were also noted. The statistical significance was found in male skulls between right and left side in relation to parameter (P2) the shortest distance from the upper end of the anterior margin of the mastoid process (MP) to the center of stylomastoid foramen (CSMF), and on the left side for parameter (P6) the shortest distance between CSMF and the line passing through the tip of the MP in relation to gender. The most common shape of the stylomastoid foramen was round in 46 (52.27 %) cases, and most common position was on the line passing through the upper end of the anterior margin of both MP in 36 (40.91 %) and medially to the line connecting the tips of the MP and styloid process in 88 (100 %) cases. The results of this study will be useful for neurosurgeons during surgeries on the facial nerve trunk or anesthetics to give facial nerve block near the foramen and prevent its complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In literature were described variations in foramen transversarium in cervical vertebrae, as well as their clinical importance, and the information about them boils down to the individual case reports or population morphological studies. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the knowledge of morphological characteristics of the transverse openings on vertebrae of the cervical region. The study was performed on 60 typical vertebrae that are part of the collection of the Department of Anatomy in Nis. The characteristics of permanent openings were measured and accessory foramina were recorded. It was found that the diameter of the openings on the left side was 5.595±0.92 x 5.390±1.507 mm, and on the right 5.766±1.201 x 6.101±1.401 mm. Unilateral completely separated accessory foramina were recorded in 10.17 % of cases, dominant on the left side, and incompletely separated cases in 5.09 %. The research has demonstrated a relatively high incidence of accessory foramina and deviations from circular shaped openings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three species of pocket mice (Chaetodipus artus , C. goldmani , and C. pernix) characterize the Sinaloan subregion of the Sonoran regional desert. They occur primarily in Sinaloan thornscrub and monsoon (dry deciduous) forest biotic communities, both of which have suffered from agricultural conversion. Sinaloan thornscrub occurs along the coastal plains of southern Sonora and Sinaloa, México, and grades into monsoon forest in the foothills of the Sierra Madre Occidental. We describe the geographical and ecological distributions of the 3 species of Chaetodipus , evaluate evolutionary relationships within each species based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data, and compare these to previously described phenetic, allozymic, and chromosomal variation. We elevate the subspecies of C. pernix to full species, delineate evolutionary units within C. goldmani and C. artus that we formally recognize as subspecies, and evaluate the conservation status of all 3 species of Chaetodipus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphologically the Pterion marks the location of the four cranial bones, viz. frontal bone, sphenoid angle of the parietal bone, squamous part of the temporal bone and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Population-specific differences exists in the position and union of the Pterion. The Pterion is also an important neurosurgical landmark for surgical procedures, viz. Pterional/lateral approach, as it provides wide access to the base of the skull. This study aimed to determine the position and incidence of the various sutural patterns of the Pterion in a South African population of KwaZulu-Natal. This retrospective study was conducted bilaterally on 36 dry human skulls (11 females and 25 males) obtained from the Department of Clinical Anatomy at University of KwaZulu-Natal. Ethical clearance obtained from the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee. The morphometric parameters of the Pterion were measured using a digital Vernier caliper, while the morphological characteristics were examined using Murphy’s classification scheme to determine (if any) laterality or sex differences exists. The mean distance of the Centre of the pterion from midpoint of zygoma was 44.4+/-4.1 mm in males and 45.1+/-4.6 mm in females. While the distance from frontozygomatic suture was 32.7+/-4.7 mm and 32.6+/-4.8 mm in males and females, respectively. Sphenoparietal type of pterion was most prevalent at 55.6 %, followed by the frontotemporal, stellate and epipteric type with an incidence of 27.8 %; 11.1 % and 5.6 %, respectively. No statistically significant difference for sex or laterality were documented in this study. The present study concluded that the sphenoparietal type of sutural pattern was most prevalent with an incidence of 55.6 %. While the epipteric type was the least prevalent. The comprehensive data about the position of the Pterion is important to neurosurgeons, forensics scientists and anthropologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dorsal interosseous muscles (DIM) are intrinsic muscles of the hand located dorsally between metacarpal bones, which play a role in finger abduction. Anatomical variations of these muscles in terms of form and length have been well documented, but variations regarding sex and laterality are underexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology and morphometry of the DIM of the hand regarding sexual dimorphism and laterality. Twenty human cadavers belonging to the white individuals (n = 40 hands) with known sex and laterality were used for this study. DIMs were dissected and observed for morphology. Also, a digital calliper was used to measure the midpoint length of the DIM. The origin and insertion of all the DIM were normal with the left hand having no additional, supernumerary, and absent muscles in each compartment. The variations were only found on the right side and predominant in females: 2 out of 11 (18.18%) hands containing a space with a supernumerary muscle; 1 out of 11 (9.09%) hands having a space with a double muscle; and 1 out of 11 (9.09%) hands having a compartment with a unipennate muscle. In males, 1 out of 9 (11.11%) hands had a compartment with a supernumerary muscle. The mean midpoint length of each muscle in females and males in both hands from the first to the fourth muscle, respectively, was documented. In females on the left: 46.79 ± 3.56; 42.62 ± 3.57; 49.02 ± 4.21; 41.66 ± 2.15 and right: 47.30 ± 2.49; 39.27 ± 4.14; 45.69 ± 4.64; 38.12 ± 4.08. In males, it was on the left: 50.01 ± 3.95; 41.98 ± 3.79; 47.90 ± 4.83; 41.79 ± 4.25, and on the right: 46.65 ± 2.09; 39.01 ± 4.25; 47.47 ± 3.41; 38.31 ± 4.40. The mean midpoint length of the DIM was relatively higher on the left hand compared to the right hand in both females and males. In this study, variations regarding the supernumerary muscle, double interosseous space, and unipennate muscles were only observed on the right-hand side and predominantly in females, an insight that may guide in the treatment of fractures, stiffness of the hand, and compartment syndromes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cattle in the Pantanal region show a notable influence from Bos indicus breeds and their crossbreeds. However, a comprehensive biometric assessment of the reproductive system in these animals is currently lacking. This study evaluated the effects of breed, age, carcass weight, and estrous cycle phase on female reproductive system morphometry. A total of 124 healthy, non-pregnant reproductive tracts (83 Nelore and 41 Crossbred) were collected at a slaughterhouse. Neither the volume and weight of the ovaries nor the majority of uterine dimensions were affected by breed. Compared to heifers, cows showed longer uterine horns, a larger external caudal diameter of the uterine horns and body, and a greater external cranial diameter and internal caudal diameter of the cervix. The carcass weight (below vs. within commercial weight) affected the length of the uterine horns, uterine body, and cervix. Ovaries with a corpus luteum presented higher volume and weight than those with only follicles. Although the uterine measurements in the luteal phase were increased, the cycle stage did not affect the uterine morphometry. The average number of cervical rings was 5.0, independent of weight or breed. Crossbred animals presented a higher first cervical ring. Age didn´t influence the number, height, or distance between cervical rings. Deviation from the normal alignment of the cervix was recorded in 14.29 % of the animals, with a higher occurrence among Nelore cattle; deviation from the median axis was the most common (30%). This study emphasizes various parameters influencing the morphometry of the female reproductive system in Nelore cattle and their crosses, which could be crucial for implementing reproductive biotechnology techniques better suited to the morphological characteristics of zebu breeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conducting morphometric studies including many parameters and establishing certain standards for the anatomy of the lumbar spine will facilitate clinical applications. The Turkish example of lumbar vertebrae and disc morphometry has not yet been presented comprehensively.In our study, abdominal computed tomography images of 700 adults were evaluated retrospectively. It was observed that the anterior height of the vertebral bodies increased from L1 to L4 in males, and from L1 to L5 in females. The posterior height of the vertebral bodies was lowest at L5 in both sexes, while it was highest at L3 in males and L4 in females. In all age groups, the values for males were greater (p<0.05). It was observed that the width and depth of the spinal canal increased from L1 to L5 in males and from L2 to L5 in females, with L2 being the smallest in females. The values for males were greater in the same age groups for both parameters (p=0.05). The values for the right transverse pedicle angle increased from upper levels to lower levelsin both sexes, while for the left transverse pedicle angle, it was smallest at L2 and increased towards L5. There was no sex-related difference (p>0.05). In all age groups and both sexes, an increase in anterior disc heights towards disc 5 was observed. The values for males were greater than those for females (p<0.05). The posterior disc height at disc 5 was higher in females, and in other discs, it was higher in males (p<0.05). In conclusion, it was found that the measurement values of the parameters examined varied according to lumbar level and sex, but were independent of age. The morphometric data we obtained are important in terms of providing a reference for the people of our region and contributing to the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Transdisciplinaria de Estudios Sociales y Tecnológicos (RTEST) is the property of Editorial Exced and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: endometrial carcinoma is among the leading causes of cancer in women and is the second most common gynecological neoplasm worldwide. Through morphometry it is possible to corroborate whether the subjective morphological interpretation and the grading obtained have been correct. Objective: to morphometrically describe the nucleus of the neoplastic cells of endometrioid carcinoma. Methods: a developmental, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional investigation was carried out at the "Mariana Grajales" Gynecobstetric Hospital in the period from November 2018 to September 2022. The sample consisted of 221 endometrial biopsy slides: 211 with diagnosis of endometrioid carcinoma and 10 of normal endometrial tissue. Results: the nuclear area and perimeter and the largest and smallest nuclear diameters had the maximum values in endometrioid carcinoma, and the mean and standard deviation of each of these morphometric parameters was greater in the carcinomatous cells. The relationship between the histological diagnosis and the circularity of the nucleus had statistical significance. Conclusions: there are quantitative differences between the morphometric variables of the normal endometrium and those of the endometrioid carcinoma, the lowest values of the morphometric parameters were observed in the glandular cells of the normal endometrium while the highest values were observed in the endometrioid carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assessed correlations between speciation rate and bill morphology in an ecologically diverse and continental-scale songbird radiation, the tanagers (Thraupidae). Our analyses showed that bill size, shape, and their evolutionary rates are not correlated with speciation rate. However, we did find evidence that each axis of variation in bill morphology diversifies at speciation events interspersed with periods of gradual evolution, consistent with a punctuated equilibrium model of character change. To determine correlations, we incorporated a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny and high-resolution three-dimensional surface scans of bill structure from museum study skins. Overall, our findings suggest that bill size and shape diversify in association with the speciation process, but not through any effect on the rate of speciation. Previous studies have shown other traits, such as song, ecological niche, and plumage do influence speciation and, ultimately, species richness in tanagers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background. Varroa destructor is considered the main pest of Apis mellifera, its morphological characteristics, prevalence and level of infestation are affected by geographical and ecosystem conditions and the management of the hives. Objective. Morphologically characterize and classify Varroa populations in A. mellifera hives in Tabasco. Methodology. Samples of worker bees were obtained from 29 apiaries (108 hives) belonging to the 5 subregions of the state. The location of the apiaries was georeferenced, in UTM coordinates. Subsequently, 501 Varroa specimens were extracted using the shaking and washing method, which were placed individually on slides for morphometry and digitization. With the help of a Karl Zeiss stereomicroscope, Mod. Stemi 305 Trino, with integrated digital camera Mod. Axiocam 105 color (40X), the following were measured in millimeters (mm): width of the dorsal shield or body (AED), length of the dorsal shield or body (LED), genital shield width (AEG), genital shield length (LEG), anal shield width (AEA) and anal shield length (LEA). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparisons of means (Tukey; P

El análisis morfométrico es clave para identificar y establecer comparaciones entre las diferentes características geomorfológicas, topográficas, morfodinámica e hidrológica en cuencas hidrográficas con limitaciones en la información climática. El sureste de México se ha caracterizado por recurrentes eventos de inundación y la vulnerabilidad a los efectos adversos asociados. El principal objetivo de la investigación es evaluar las relaciones estadísticas de 12 parámetros morfométricos y examinar su significado para agrupar las subcuencas con características morfométricas similares, y así analizar la homogeneidad en el comportamiento morfodinámico e hidrológico en las 26 subcuencas de la Región Hidrológica Grijalva-Villahermosa (RH30D) del sureste de México. Los resultados revelaron cuatro grupos de subcuencas distintos. El grupo 1 mostró correlaciones positivas con patrones de drenaje eficientes, mientras que el grupo 4 se asoció a tendencias de inundación debido a avenidas fuertes y grandes caudales. Aunque los grupos 2 y 3 presentaron valores cercanos a la media en la mayoría de los parámetros, se observan diferencias al tener valores inversos para Relación de Bifurcación (RB) y Frecuencia de corrientes. Por un lado, el grupo 3 presenta patrones de drenaje controlados por estructuras geológicas (altos valores de RB), el grupo 2 muestra un alto número de corrientes por unidad de área, de lo que se infiere respuestas hidrológicas más rápidas. Se busca contribuir al conocimiento, la investigación y toma de decisión en los temas relacionados.

Even though morphometric and mineral studies related to the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) skull have been carried out, this study is the first attempt to evaluate all developmental stages of male and female guinea pigs. This study aims to this study is to create 3D modeling of CT images obtained from the skulls of male and female guinea pigs during the developmental period (prepuberty and the period between puberty and adulthood) and following periods (young adulthood and old adulthood), to analyze some biometric bone data such as volume, surface area and length, and to assess the developmental analysis of the mineral matter change in their skulls. The CT-scanned skulls were transferred to 3D Slicer (5.0.2), which is used for 3D modeling. The surface area and volume were calculated by measuring the measurement points on the models. In addition, the XRF device was used to show elemental ratio changes during different developmental stages. According to metric measurements, a gradual increase was observed during the life period. The metric measurements of the skull bone had a higher measurement value in male guinea pigs than in their female counterparts. While Ca/P ratio increased up to the third group and partially decreased in the fourth group in males, it gradually increased from the first group to the fourth group in females. This study revealed that puberty, adulthood and sex were effective in the physical and chemical characterization of skull bone structure in guinea pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pampean shallow lakes provide habitat for fish species with biological, economic, and social importance. In the South American region, many commercial species are overexploited. This boosted the implementation of hatcheries to maintain the demand for aquaculture production. The use of reproductive biotechnologies, such as cryopreservation of semen, would increase the production of hatcheries. To do this, it should be considered that the management of cryopreserved semen requires adequate tools to evaluate its fertility. Up to the present, morphometry of fish sperm is not included in routine assessments. This parameter, along with mobility, viability, concentration, morphology and membrane integrity, are determinants of semen quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphometric parameters of sperm cells in pampean native species Oligosarcus jenynsii, Odonthestes bonariensis and Cyphocharax voga using a computerized system for semen analysis. These determinations allowed obtaining reference parameters in relation to the cell size and shape. Significant interspecific differences were observed in sperm size parameters, while the shape of the sperm heads of the analyzed species tended to be spherical. This work constitutes a contribution in the analysis of the morphometry of fish sperm of native species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structural and performance indexes provide objective information on the morphotype of the animals and their potential functionality. The aim of this study was to characterize the morphology of horses from an equestrian school and to analyze the conformational variation of the horses from a group of morphometric measurements: body weight (BW), withers height (HW), croup height(HC), back height (HB), body length (BL), girth circumference (GC), cannon perimeter (CP) and from these calculate some performance and/or conformation indexes: body index (BI), conformation index (CFI), compactness index (COI), dactyl-thoracic index (DTI), load step index 1 and load trot index 2 (LSI1 and LTI2), body mass index (BMI), ratio girt circumference-height GC:H and the degree of saddle (DS) in sport horses of four racial types: Colombian sport horse (CSH), criollo (CR), Argentine polo (PA) and English Thoroughbred (PSI). The data was taken from 29 horses (9 females and 20 males) with an average age of 10 years. The mean conformation index differed between breeds (P<0.01), and these were related to the morphological biotype of each breed. The morphotype for CCD and PSI defined them as longiline horses suitable for jumping, while CR and PA mesoline, suitable for sports saddle. The determination of morphological indices allowed the correct characterization of the conformation of sporting horses, from these indexes it is possible to objectively classify the functional purpose. In addition, some indexes (LSI1, LTI2, DS) would be indirect indicators of the end-welfare relationship in animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Ancistrus is described from the rio Vacacaí drainage, rio Jacuí basin, laguna dos Patos system, southern Brazil. The new species differs from A. brevipinnis, the common species in the laguna dos Patos system, by having a dark brown to black background body color and dorsal and caudal fins plain dark, without lighter spots or bands. A morphometric and molecular comparison of different populations of A. brevipinnis from the laguna dos Patos system suggests that previously undetected species diversity is present in that basin. The typelocality of A. brevipinnis, originally described as Rio Grande do Sul State, is herein restricted to the rio Camaquã sub-basin of the laguna dos Patos system, and a redescription of A. brevipinnis is provided based on that population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Neutrosophic Computing & Machine Learning is the property of Multimedia Larga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Intersecciones en Antropología is the property of Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Las lagunas pampásicas proveen hábitats para especies de peces con importancia biológica, económica y social. En la región Sudamericana, muchas de las especies comerciales están sobreexplotadas. Esto impulsó la implementación de criaderos para mantener la demanda de la producción acuícola. La utilización de biotecnologías reproductivas, como la criopreservación de semen, permitiría aumentar la producción de los criaderos. Para ello, se debe tener en cuenta que el manejo de semen criopreservado requiere herramientas adecuadas que permitan evaluar su capacidad fecundante. En la actualidad, la morfometría de los espermatozoides de peces no se incluye en las evaluaciones de rutina. Este parámetro, junto con la movilidad, viabilidad, concentración, morfología e integridad de membrana, son determinantes de la calidad del semen. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar los parámetros morfométricos de las células espermáticas de especies nativas pampásicas Oligosarcus jenynsii, Odonthestes bonariensis y Cyphocharax voga mediante la utilización de un sistema computarizado para el análisis de semen. Estas determinaciones permitieron obtener parámetros de referencia en relación con el tamaño y la forma celular. Se observaron diferencias interespecíficas significativas en los parámetros relacionados con el tamaño de los espermatozoides, mientras que la forma de las cabezas espermáticas de las tres especies analizadas tendió a ser esférica. Este trabajo constituye un aporte en el análisis de la morfometría de espermatozoides de peces de especies autóctonas.

La conservación del suelo y el agua es una prioridad en las cuencas hidrográficas de las regiones áridas y semiáridas para la adecuada planificación y gestión integrada de los recursos hídricos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue priorizar 91 cuencas hidrográficas en 14 regiones del Perú con diferentes condiciones geográficas, hidrológicas y geológicas, mediante la integración de sistemas de información geográfica (SIG), análisis de componentes principales (PCA) y el análisis de suma ponderada (WSA). Se identificaron regiones homogéneas con el análisis de conglomerados jerárquico en el método de R y Ward. El resultado mostró la existencia de un 19.49 % del área total en categoría de alta y muy alta prioridad en dos regiones. Los resultados del análisis de conglomerados mostraron que el 35 % de las cuencas hidrográficas tiene zonas homogéneas dentro del factor geométrico y de forma, mientras que el 65 % dentro del factor de drenaje y relieve. En general, los métodos SIG, PCA y SWA son herramientas eficientes, que permiten a las autoridades encargadas la toma de decisiones para una mejor planificación y conservación de los recursos naturales en las cuencas hidrográficas.

Baseado na metodologia de Håkanson, neste artigo trabalhou-se a representação de reservatório por meio de figura geométrica, na qual as áreas dos lagos são transformadas em círculos, criados com uma geratriz curva irregular. A curva é ajustada pelo método dos mínimos quadrados a uma equação do tipo R = a.Hb, sendo “R” o raio da geratriz na altura de água “H”, enquanto “a” e “b” são os parâmetros ajustados. A equação foi utilizada para a classificação de 148 reservatórios no estado do Ceará. A classificação de Håkanson com o parâmetro de forma do volume raio equivalente mostrou-se altamente eficiente e tem a objetividade como vantagem. Tais atributos possuem grande relevância em regiões com alta densidade de reservatórios, tornando o método simples e prático. A classificação da geratriz raio equivalente mostra-se como alternativa para futuras aplicações em estudos hidrológicos e limnológicos, em regiões tropicais ou em áreas mais abrangentes que as estudadas por Håkanson.

En los ecosistemas de zonas áridas y semiáridas la producción de alimentos es cada vez más compleja. Uno de los efectos más importantes es la desertificación donde el agua tiene un papel primordial. Por lo que, buscar estrategias de producción de alimento inocuo y de forma sustentable, es el reto actual. La producción de alimento mediante acuaponía es una alternativa para dar respuesta a esta problemática. En la Península de Baja California, las bajas precipitaciones anuales y las características geográficas hacen de forma natural que el agua sea escasa; pero si a esto se le suma el factor antropogénico, tenemos como resultado, acuíferos en su mayoría salobres. Bajo este contexto se analizó la eficiencia en el uso del efluente del cultivo de robalo, en el crecimiento de la acelga, en un sistema acuapónico. Se midieron los parámetros fisicoquímicos del efluente del robalo y cómo influyen en la respuesta morfométrica en la acelga bajo sistema hidropónico. La respuesta se comparó con un sistema tradicional con efluente de agua de pozo y con fertilización convencional. Se obtuvo mayor crecimiento en las plantas en sistema hidropónico, pero con efluente de agua de cultivo de robalo (con diferencia significativa en longitud, biomasa, área foliar y número de hojas). Este estudio demostró la eficiencia del uso del efluente del cultivo de robalo en el crecimiento y desarrollo de la acelga. Este conocimiento generará futuras investigaciones con aplicación en innovación biotecnológica que podrán ser empleadas por la sociedad, con beneficios por la capacidad de cultivar especies de calidad en densidad, aprovechar los nutrientes, controlar la disponibilidad de agua, aprovechar y mejorar las condiciones climáticas. Consideramos que este modelo robalo-acelga es ideal para los sistemas de producción con sustentabilidad.

With their odd cranial features, glyptodonts, closely related to extant armadillos, are a highly diverse group of the South American megafauna. Doedicurus, Glyptodon, Panochthus, and Neosclerocalyptus were present in the “Pampean Formation” during the Pleistocene, and they are all exceptionally preserved in the Santiago Roth Collection, thus offering the possibility of investigating these four well-diversified genera. A total of 13 specimens (seven species) were analysed and compared in a qualitative/quantitative study of external cranial remains and endocranial reconstructions (i.e., braincase and associated cranial canals, and inner ears). We report on anatomical features that contribute to existing phylogenetic matrices; many of them are new potential synapomorphies supporting the current hypotheses regarding the evolutionary history of the Pleistocene glyptodonts. These include the anterior cranial shape, the position of the basicranium in respect to the whole cranium, the shape of the cranial roof, the position of the largest semicircular canal, and the inclination of the cerebrum. They may represent new shared-derived features among Glyptodon, Doedicurus, Neosclerocalyptus, and Panochthus. We also provide detailed comparative descriptions highlighting new potential convergences in respect to current phylogenies, concerning, for instance, the shape of the foramen magnum, the global shape of the cranium, orbital shape, cochlear position, and a strong protrusion of the zygomatic process of the squamosal. In light of these results, we discuss morphological transformations across phylogeny. The endocranial comparison brought insights on the phylogenetic patterns of cranial canal evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to characterize the hydrological network of the "Hondo" estuary micro-basin through the use of morphometric and biophysical parameters, in order to analyze and predict its hydrodynamic behavior, in order to contribute to environmental management plans and be a contribution to the conservation and protection of optimal conditions for their development. Three shape parameters, two of relief, its drainage network and physiography were analyzed. While in the biophysical variables they were calculated by means of ArcGIS geospatial information processing, identifying their temperature, precipitation, soil texture, land use and cover, slope and taxonomy. According to the results obtained, its morphometry the micro-basin presented an oblong or rectangular shape, a moderate drainage network, where it is concluded that its water system is not prone to present flood peaks, due to the stability of its runoff regimes. superficial. However, as it is a young basin and presents a concave hypsometric shape, it is likely that it will experience high erosive processes in the future. Finally, in the biophysical component it was identified that the texture of the soil was mostly sandy loam, with strong and steep slopes and a predominance of alfisols whose water filtration is low, where it is concluded that the micro-basin could present loss of the layer vegetative by dragging sediment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The asterion presents a significant anthropological marking and meeting point between three sutures. It is a surface landmark for the transverse-sigmoid venous sinus complex and is also a surgical landmark for access to the posterior cranial fossa, giving it clinical importance. The aim of this research was to analyze the shape of the asterion and to set the measurement methods that will determine distance between the asterion and surrounding features. The study sample, as a part of the Osteological collection of the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, consisted of 43 skulls. Morphometric analysis was related to the measurement of the defined parameters and descriptive analysis presented the classification of asterion in relation to the presence of sutural bones, as well as the determination of the position of the asterion according to the transverse-sigmoid venous complex. There was a statistically significant difference between male and female skulls for all the measured parameters. The results show that 34.88 % were type 1 (one or more sutural bones are present) and 65.12 % were type 2 asteria (no sutural bones are present). More frequent occurrence of asteria type 2 was seen on both, male and female skulls. The most frequent position of the asteria on both sides of the skull was in the transversesigmoid venous complex (76.92 % on the right side vs. 72.22 % on the left cranial side). Clinical significance of knowing the area of asterion is reflected in order to make the surgical, as well as diagnostic procedures, as successful as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The temporal bone is a complicate structure which located on the lateral skull. The objective of the present study was to determine the temporal bone air spaces' morphometry, morphology, and pneumatization in Turkish healthy adult people. This retrospective observational study was carried out from 82 subjects (47 males, 35 females) aged 18-69 years. The external auditory canal and related structures' diameters and the volume of these areas were evaluated. The means and standard deviations of the Meatus acusticus externus length (MAEL), meatus acusticus externus pars cartilaginea length (MAEcL), meatus acusticus externus pars ossea length (MAEoL), meatus acusticus externus pars cartilaginea surface (MAEcS), meatus acusticus externus pars ossea surface (MAEoS), meatus acusticus externus volume (MAEV), meatus acusticus externus pars cartilaginea volume (MAEcV), meatus acusticus externus pars ossea volume (MAEoV), processus mastoideus air cells volume (PMACV), cavum tympani volume (CTV), and temporale pneumatic spaces volume (OTPSV) were found as 23.21±3.70 mm, 12.69±3.72 mm, 7.80±3.70 mm, 669.89±107.7 mm2, 267.50±30.51 mm2, 743.50±119.6 mm3, 971.97±156.69 mm3, 419.51±48.67 mm3, 5915.93±650.34 mm3, 673.48±91.93 mm3, 7813.34±717.49 mm3 have found in 82 subjects, respectively. In this paper, the morphometric and volume properties of the temporal bone cavities measurements were significantly higher in males than females. These results may both provide reference values of Turkish healthy population, and lead to decrease potential surgical complications about temporal and mastoid regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trachea is a tubular organ lying between larynx and lungs containing smooth muscle, membranes, and cartilage. This paper evaluated the dimessions of the trachea and main bronchi morphometry in healthy adults using Computed Tomography. This retrospective observational study was performed with 170 healthy adult subjects (89 females, 52.35 %; 81 males, 47.65 %). The length of the trachea, the anteroposterior and transverse diameter of the trachea and the right and left main bronchi were measured. From these measurements, the trachea shape were calculated and four types of trachea were identified as circular, oval, horseshoe-shaped, and rectangular. All measurements were significantly higher in males than females (excluding tracheal bifurcation angle). According to the value obtained by dividing the anteroposterior by the width of the trachea, tracheal shapes are considered; the circular shape was seen 104 subjects (61.2 %), followed by oval type (34 subjects), horseshoe type (24 subjects) and rectangular type.(8 subjects). Also, the most frequently seen was circular type in both females and males. Hovewer, there was no significant difference between sex in terms of trachea shape. Additionally, a striking finding was that trachea morphometry and morphology showed the significance according to age dependent changes. Trachea measurements were affected several reasons such as used methods, age, sex, or race. This study has many clinical importance as it may reduce the risk of accidental damage to these area by clinicians such as cardiothoracic surgeons, anesthetist, or radiologist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica is the property of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Debido a la presencia de propiedades medicinales, las comunidades peruanas usan indiscriminada-mente la corteza de muchas especies de “árbol de la quina” (Cinchona, Ladenbergia y Remijia; Rubia-ceae) para combatir enfermedades infecciosas, paludismo e incluso el Covid-19. Esta situación hace importante el desarrollo de investigaciones que contribuyan con la propagación masiva de estas plantas y la reforestación de sus hábitats. Ante ello se propuso como objetivo de investigación estudiar el fruto, semilla y germinación deLadenbergia oblongifolia para contar con recursos eficientes para su cultivo y propagación. El material biológico procedió del distrito de Aramango (Amazonas, Perú), el cual fue transportado al Herbarium Truxillense para su determinación y posterior caracterización del fruto, semilla y ensayos de germinación. Con base en los resultados se determinó que los frutos presentan una longitud de 5,75 cm, ancho de 0,74 cm, peso de 1,14 gr y 71 semillas como promedio. Las semillas tienen 1,01 cm de largo, 0,72 cm de ancho, 0,072 ́ 10-2 gr de peso promedio y una germinación del 83,3 %. Por tanto, se concluye que el estudio de fruto, semilla y germinación de Ladenbergia oblongifolia permite diferenciar a esta especie con otras del género Cinchona y Remijia; constituyéndose estos hallazgos en una información primordial y fundamental, tanto para su esclarecimiento taxonómico, como para un adecuado manejo agronómico. Este estudio incentiva la puesta en práctica de diversos programas de conservación y reforestación tendientes a fomentar la sostenibilidad de esta especie.

Los cangrejos semiterrestres juegan un papel importante en la dinámica ecosistémica de los manglares, y también son sostén económico para las comunidades costeras bajo el desarrollo de la pesca artesanal. Existe poca información sobre la explotación, comercialización y parámetros biométricos de los cangrejos en Panamá, algunos de estos trabajos han sido desarrollados en el Golfo de Montijo en la vertiente del Pacífico. Nuestro estudio busca aportar a esta temática, con un análisis exploratorio de la talla y peso de Cardisoma crassum (cangrejo azul) y Ucides occidentalis (cangrejo rojo) en una localidad distinta, de la misma vertiente, la Cresta de Chame. Se muestreó por un periodo de 5 meses entre marzo-julio de 2022 y se analizó la biometría de 314 cangrejos. Nuestros resultados indican que, en promedio, el ancho del cefalotórax de los cangrejos de esta zona está por debajo de los valores reportados para el Golfo de Montijo.

Resumen La importancia del manejo del ‘ají’ (Capsicum spp.) por los habitantes del Perú prehispánico ha quedado evidenciado por la buena preservación de sus frutos y semillas en el registro arqueológico. Su abundancia requiere contar con una metodología para su determinación taxonómica. En este trabajo se realiza la caracterización morfométrica de semillas actuales domesticadas de Capsicum que sirven de referencia para comparaciones con semillas arqueológicas. A partir de datos descriptivos y morfométricos de estas semillas actuales se elaboró un modelo predictivo mediante el algoritmo Gradient Boosting Regression Model (GBM). Las variables de mayor contribución para la predicción en semillas actuales y arqueológicas fueron: largo de semilla, altura del pico y largo del hilum. El porcentaje de predicción correspondió a 22.13 %, se deduce que las semillas arqueológicas procedentes de Huaca Pucllana (Lima-Perú), asociado al Intermedio Temprano (555-650 d.C.) sugieren semejanza con semillas de C. baccatum L. ‘ají amarillo’. Sobre esta información, se propone que en Pucllana hubo un manejo de la variabilidad genética de esta especie, resultado de la intensificación de su cultivo e influenciado por preferencias de consumo. Un ejemplo es su recurrencia en contextos de índole ceremonial, cuya asociación con otros sitios podría referirse a una ‘tradición’ costeña.

En el cantón de El Guarco se ubicará el nuevo hospital de la provincia de Cartago, con un área estimada de construcción de 9 hectáreas, en un lote próximo a la confluencia de los ríos Purires y Coris. Históricamente en la zona se han presentado problemáticas relacionadas a desbordamientos de ríos e inundaciones. Los parámetros morfométricos determinados para la cuenca del río Purires señalan que la cuenca es propensa a la generación de inundaciones en la cuenca baja y la acumulación de sedimentos, esto aunado a altas pendientes que disminuyen su grado de inclinación según se aproximan al punto de estudio. Para la realización del proyecto del cual se deriva este artículo, se implementó el uso de una aeronave no tripulada y una antena RTK, esto para precisar la altimetría del área de interés, esta actividad resulta en un modelo digital de elevaciones de 3,7 cm/píxel, principal insumo para el modelado hidrodinámico. Se evalúa el comportamiento hidrodinámico de un tramo de 1,5km del río Purires, en Iber 2.4.3, del cual se obtiene la máxima extensión espacial, su calado y velocidad del flujo, así como su tiempo de permanencia, esto para un posible escenario de Cambio Climático. Se obtienen resultados tanto en el área donde se edificará el hospital, las llanuras de inundación próximas al tramo levantado del río, así como dos puentes, el puente 6 de la ruta nacional 2, que comunica el área metropolitana con la zona sur del país, y también un puente cantonal que comunica con el pueblo de Barrancas.

The study was carried out to determine the association between morphometric measurements, body fat measured by ultrasound and testicular biometry in horses belonging to the Caballar Mancillas Breeding Facility of the National Police, located in the municipality of Facatativá, Cundinamarca. Morphometrics were performed on 12 adult stallions of 6 breeds, between 5 and 14 years old, which were in the training process and in a reproductive program, and show physical, mental and reproductive well-being. The measurements analyzed were height at the withers (AL), chest circumference (PTm), body length (LCm), neck circumference (CCmU), neck circumference to height at the withers ratio (PCCA), chest circumference to height at the withers ratio (PPTmA), real weight (PBR), skinfold thickness (SFTPCmm), body condition score (CC), fat thickness at the hip (EGC), fat thickness at the base of the tail (EGCO), body mass index (BMIIMC), body fat percentage (PGC), anogenital distance (DAG), scrotal width (AE), total testicular volume (VTT) and estimated daily sperm production (DSO). To evaluate the fatness, the body mass index (based on morphometric measurements) and the percentage of body fat (based on ultrasound fat measurements) were calculated. Descriptive statistics and principal component Pearson correlations analysis were performed. The means found for AC, PT, LC, PR, EPC, CC, CCU, EGC, EGCO, IMC, VT, DSO, DAG, AL, PTm, LCm, PCmm, CC, CCm, PB, EG, EC, AE, LTI, ATI, HTI, LTD, ATD and HTD were, respectively, 1.64 ± 5.02 m, 1.93 ± 7.16 m, 1,70 ± 6.93 m, 562 ± 60.29 kg, 8.76 ± 1.06 mm, 5.92 ± 1.08, 1.21 ± 12.80 m, 2.12 ± 0.92 mm, 2.49 ± 0.48 mm, 206.58 ± 14.53 kg/m², 538.78 ± 104.39 cm³, 12.80 ± 2.50 x 109, 48.00 ± 3.64 cm and 1.67 ± 0.05 m, 1.95 ± 0.08 m, 1.71 ± 0.06 m, 1.23 ± 0.12 m, 8.83 ± 1.19 mm, 6.92 ± 0.67, 1.23 ± 0.12 m, 562.7 ± 60.3 kg, 2.35 ± 0.66 mm, 2.54 ± 0.72 mm, 12.03 ± 0.87 cm, 10.84 ± 0.64 cm, 6.97 ± 0.56 cm, 8.36 ± 0.76 cm, 10.38 ± 0.87 cm, 6.53 ± 0.43 cm, and 8.88 ± 1.09 cm. High and positive correlations were presented between race and morphometric parameters such as body length, weight with scale, thoracic perimeter and body condition, chest circumference and neck circumference. The results of this study allow us to establish that the ultrasonographic measurements of fat thickness at the hip (EGC), and fat thickness at the base of the tail (EGCO), are important predictors of the level of fatness in the horse, and can be used in studies of morphometry and clinical evaluation of healthy horses to establish their ideal body condition score; however, it must be deepened, since the race plays a determining role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The availability of quality water for various activities has been decreasing across the planet, as a result of human actions and degrading natural events. In this context, it appears that river basins are considered the most appropriate units for managing natural resources in the ecosystem, as they present different landscape characteristics that influence the selection of soil and water management practices. To this end, knowledge about the hydrological behavior of the Gavião River Basin was used using orbital data and geoprocessing techniques together with statistical analyzes with the aim of characterizing the environment and morphometric characteristics. Analysis of the data and results obtained for the Gavião River Watershed allowed us to conclude that the organization of the drainage network has an area of approximately 10,112 km² and a perimeter of 781 km. The slope in the range 3-8% corresponds to 29.61% of the basin area, considered moderately inclined. The Gavião River was approximately 340 km long. According to the results, it can be stated that the study area appears to be less susceptible to flooding under normal precipitation conditions, that is, excluding events of abnormal intensities, due to the fact that the compactness coefficient presents a value far from of the unit and, regarding its form factor, display a low value. Thus, there is an indication that the basin does not have a circular shape, and therefore has a tendency towards an elongated shape. The data showed approximately 188% of the study area is covered by forest formation, 56.53% occupied by savanna formation, and 36.49% with the use of pasture. The information obtained enables decision-making for the conservation and adequate management of water resources in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Carnegie Ridge is a submarine volcanic ridge that is geomorphologically divided into three regions: east, central and west. Within the central region, characteristic undersea features can be observed, one of them being submarine elevations. In order to characterize these elevations and thus determine their generic term according to the International Hydrographic Organization, this paper reports a morphometric analysis of the bathymetry of Slope 5 and Slope 6 acquired by the Oceanographic and Antarctic Institute of the Navy, applying automatic techniques (focal statistics and topographic position index) using Geographic Information Systems, and manual revision. The application of a morphometric analysis is a useful tool when characterizing a region. However, the application of automatic techniques is subject to certain factors that can influence the results, where it is also necessary to consider the ambiguity of certain definitions and criteria for the designation of generic terms. Nevertheless, based on this analysis, 27 elevations have been identified to the north, centereast and south of the study area, of which it was determined that 9 would receive the generic term hill, 1 of knoll, 3 of pinnacle, and 14 of hill/peak according to the standardization suggested by the International Hydrographic Organization. These elevations can be grouped into a geomorphological unit (minor volcanic elevations or volcanic edifices), whose name avoids discordance with the aforementioned standardization. The characteristics and names derived from the methodology used constitute a support for proposing the names of these elevations to the GEBCO Subcommittee on Undersea Feature Names. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivou-se descrever os aspectos biométricos de ovos e embriões de K. scorpioides em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento acompanhados em incubatório. A pesquisa foi conduzida em criadouro científico, acompanhando-se o desenvolvimento de 38 ovos incubados de modo artificial em temperaturas controladas a 26 e 30°C, num total de 19 estágios. Aferiu-se com paquímetro de precisão 0.01mm, comprimento, largura e peso do ovo e, comprimento, largura de carapaça e plastrão (CC/CP/LC/LP), além de altura e peso do embrião. A eclosão foi em 175 dias. Encontrou-se correlações significativas com variações na intensidade e magnitude entre a biometria dos ovos e dos embriões com o período embrionário. Os coeficientes demonstraram correlação negativa do peso do ovo (r = -0.45) e positiva para o peso do embrião (r = 0.90), ambos com a idade. O comprimento do ovo apresentou correlação positiva de nível fraco com o período (r = 0.14). Documentou-se correlações positivas de níveis moderado e forte entre CC (r = 0.84), LC (r = 0.72), CP (r = 0.82), LP (r = 0.62) e altura (r = 0.75) com as fases do desenvolvimento. Apesar dessas diferenciações, entende-se que elas foram significativas e confirmaram serem elementos essenciais do desenvolvimento embrionário. Conclui-se que a variável peso do ovo segue desproporcionalmente com a intensidade do desenvolvimento embrionário relacionados aos aspectos peso e dimensões corpóreas. Esses conhecimentos podem ser instrumentos simples e úteis em programas de reprodução, conservação, manejo e monitoramento aplicáveis ao K. scorpioides ex situ, além de ser referência em estudos subsequentes com essa espécie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Spal: Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla is the property of Spal. Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Antecedentes: La reproducción artificial en Clarias gariepinus implica sacrificar el macho; se precisa conocer las características físicas del semen y sus variaciones, para su conservación en época pre-reproductiva y su aprovechamiento en la campaña de reproducción. Objetivo: Caracterizar los cambios morfométricos y la calidad seminal en Clarias gariepinus durante las épocas pre-reproductiva (EPR) y reproductiva (ER). Métodos: Se evaluaron 42 reproductores machos, en ambas épocas, mediante los indicadores peso (PV) (kg), largo (LT) (cm), peso gonadal (PG) y de vesículas seminales (PVS) (g), factor de condición (FC), índices gonadosomático (IGS) y vesículas seminales-somático (IVS-S). Se colectaron muestras de semen testicular (ST) y semen testicular-plasma seminal (ST-PS), con evaluación del color, consistencia, volumen seminal testicular (VST) y del plasma seminal (VPS) (ml), motilidad (%), tiempo de activación espermática (TAE) (sg), concentración espermática (CE) (x109 sptz/ml) y espermatocrito (SPCTO) (%). Se realizó un análisis de varianza de dichas variables considerando la época como fuente de variación y un análisis de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: Se incrementaron significativamente (P

The study purposed to examine the morphometry and morphology of crista galli in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and apply a new analysis, supervised Machine Learning techniques to find the answers to research questions "Can sex be determined with crista galli morphometric measurements?" or "How effective are the crista galli morphometric measurements in determining sex?". Crista galli dimensions including anteroposterior, superoinferior, and laterolateral were measured and carried out on 200 healthy adult subjects (98 females; 102 males) aged between 18-79 years. Also, crista galli was classified with two methods called morphological types and Keros classification. In this study, the Chi-square test, Student's t-test, and Oneway ANOVA were performed. Additionally, Machine Learning techniques were applied. The means of the CGH, CGW, and CGL were found as 14.96 mm; 3.96 mm, and 12.76 mm in males, respectively. The same values were as 13.54 mm; 3.51 mm and 11.59±1.61 mm in females, respectively. The CG morphometric measurements of males were higher than those of females. There was a significant difference between sexes in terms of morphological classification type. Also, when the sex assignment of JRip was analyzed, out of 102 male instances 62 of them were correctly predicted, and for 98 female instances, 70 of them were correctly predicted according to their CG measurements. The JRip found the following classification rule for the given dataset: "if CGH<=14.4 then sex is female, otherwise sex is male". The accuracy of this rule is not high, but it gives an idea about the relationship between CG measurements and sex. Although the issue that CG morphometric measurements can be used in sex determination is still controversial, it was concluded in the analysis that CG morphometric measurements can be used in sex determination. Also, Machine Learning Techniques give an idea about the relationship between CG measurements and sex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)