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Pear anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum bacteria, is a severe infectious disease that significantly impacts the growth, development, and fruit yield of pear trees. Early detection of pear anthracnose before symptoms manifest is of great importance in preventing its spread and minimizing economic losses. This study utilized hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology to investigate early detection of pear anthracnose through spectral features, vegetation indices (VIs), and texture features (TFs). Healthy and diseased pear leaves aged 1 to 5 days were selected as subjects for capturing hyperspectral images at various stages of health and disease. Characteristic wavelengths (OWs1 and OWs2) were extracted using the Successive Projection Algorithm (SPA) and Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) algorithm. Significant VIs were identified using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm, while effective TFs were derived from the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). A classification model for pear leaf early anthracnose disease was constructed by integrating different features using three machine learning algorithms: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). The results showed that: the classification identification model constructed based on the feature fusion performed better than that of single feature, with the OWs2-VIs-TFs-BPNN model achieving a highest accuracy of 98.61% in detection and identification of pear leaf early anthracnose disease. Additionally, to intuitively and effectively monitor the progression and severity of anthracnose in pear leaves, the visualization of anthracnose lesions was achieved using Successive Maximum Angle Convex Cone (SMACC) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) techniques. According to our research results, the fusion of multi-source features based on hyperspectral imaging can be a reliable method to detect early asymptomatic infection of pear leaf anthracnose, and provide scientific theoretical support for early warning and prevention of pear leaf diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pear anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum bacteria, is a severe infectious disease that significantly impacts the growth, development, and fruit yield of pear trees. Early detection of pear anthracnose before symptoms manifest is of great importance in preventing its spread and minimizing economic losses. This study utilized hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology to investigate early detection of pear anthracnose through spectral features, vegetation indices (VIs), and texture features (TFs). Healthy and diseased pear leaves aged 1 to 5 days were selected as subjects for capturing hyperspectral images at various stages of health and disease. Characteristic wavelengths (OWs1 and OWs2) were extracted using the Successive Projection Algorithm (SPA) and Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) algorithm. Significant VIs were identified using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm, while effective TFs were derived from the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). A classification model for pear leaf early anthracnose disease was constructed by integrating different features using three machine learning algorithms: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). The results showed that: the classification identification model constructed based on the feature fusion performed better than that of single feature, with the OWs2-VIs-TFs-BPNN model achieving a highest accuracy of 98.61% in detection and identification of pear leaf early anthracnose disease. Additionally, to intuitively and effectively monitor the progression and severity of anthracnose in pear leaves, the visualization of anthracnose lesions was achieved using Successive Maximum Angle Convex Cone (SMACC) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) techniques. According to our research results, the fusion of multi-source features based on hyperspectral imaging can be a reliable method to detect early asymptomatic infection of pear leaf anthracnose, and provide scientific theoretical support for early warning and prevention of pear leaf diseases.

Given the frequent missing and false alarms of partial discharge insulation defects in on-site gas insulated substation (GIS), intermittent discharge characteristics tests are conducted in this article to study the discharge characteristics of common solid insulation defects inside GIS at different temperatures in the actual operating temperature range of GIS. In this paper, the platform of GIS electric thermal coupling intermittent discharge simulation test is built with the pulse current method, ultrahigh frequency (UHF) method, ultrasonic method and gas characteristic component detection method used in combination to obtain and analyze the intermittent discharge characteristic data of solid insulation defects at different temperatures. It is found out that both UHF detection method and pulse current detection method can effectively detect the intermittent discharge UHF signals of test defects at different temperatures, while ultrasonic and gas characteristic component detection methods are not applicable to effectively collect effective discharge data. The intermittent discharge voltage of metal pollution defects on the surface of solid insulation and internal air gap defects shows a negative correlation with temperature. The intermittent discharge voltage of pollution defects shows a significant trend of linear decrease, while the intermittent discharge voltage of air gap defects shows a significant decrease first and then a trend of slow-paced linear decrease. The average discharge capacity and UHF signal amplitude of intermittent discharge of pollution defects exhibit a positive correlation with the increase of temperature. The intermittency of pollution defect discharge increases with the extension of discharge time at different temperatures, while the interval of gap defect discharge can change from second level to microsecond level at 26 ℃, 40 ℃ and 50 ℃, posing a risk of breakdown discharge. The research results obtained in this article further enrich the theoretical system of GIS intermittent discharge and improve the effective diagnosis rate of on-site GIS intermittent discharge.

Copyright of Electric Power Engineering Technology is the property of Editorial Department of Electric Power Engineering Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Soil nutrients are essential for plant growth, and it is crucial to accurately detect their levels. However, current methods for detecting soil nutrients still have low accuracy and high costs. In this study, we propose a multi-source fusion feature approach that combines multispectral image technology with electronic nose gas response technology to achieve rapid, high-precision, and cost-effective detection of soil nutrients, including soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available potassium (AK), and available phosphorus (AP). To begin, a multispectral camera was used to collect spectral images and extract seven index features. Additionally, an electronic nose was used to collect soil pyrolysis gases to obtain the response curve and extract seven response features. These two sets of features were effectively fused to form a 106 × 98 fusion feature space. Secondly, principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) algorithms were used to optimize and reduce the dimensionality of the fused feature space. Finally, a predictive model of the relationship between the feature space and the nutrient content of the soil samples was established using the random forest (RF) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) algorithms. The predictive performance of the model was used to evaluate the accuracy of soil nutrient detection. The results showed that the PLSR modeling of the optimized feature space of PCA achieved high accuracy in predicting the levels of main soil nutrients, with R2 values for SOM, TN, AK, and AP of 0.96, 0.95, 0.84, and 0.73, and the RMSE values of 0.56, 0.07, 3.21, and 3.70, respectively. Compared to using only electronic nose gas response technology, the soil nutrient detection with multi-source data features method in this study not only improved the accuracy for SOM and TN but also for metal elements AK and AP in soil. The spectral index features proposed in this study were able to compensate for the limitations of the electronic nose response features, and modeling with the fusion feature space resulted in an accurate prediction of SOM, TN, AK, and AP levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background More and more studies show that miRNA plays a crucial role in plants' response to different abiotic stresses. However, traditional experimental methods are often expensive and inefficient, so it is important to develop efficient and economical computational methods. Although researchers have developed machine learning-based method, the information of miRNAs and abiotic stresses has not been fully exploited. Therefore, we propose a novel approach based on graph neural networks for predicting potential miRNA-abiotic stress associations. Results In this study, we fully considered the multi-source feature information from miRNAs and abiotic stresses, and calculated and integrated the similarity network of miRNA and abiotic stress from different feature perspectives using multiple similarity measures. Then, the above multi-source similarity network and association information between miRNAs and abiotic stresses are effectively fused through heterogeneous networks. Subsequently, the Restart Random Walk (RWR) algorithm is employed to extract global structural information from heterogeneous networks, providing feature vectors for miRNA and abiotic stress. After that, we utilized the graph autoencoder based on GIN (Graph Isomorphism Networks) to learn and reconstruct a miRNA-abiotic stress association matrix to obtain potential miRNA-abiotic stress associations. The experimental results show that our model is superior to all known methods in predicting potential miRNA-abiotic stress associations, and the AUPR and AUC metrics of our model achieve 98.24% and 97.43%, respectively, under five-fold cross-validation. Conclusions The robustness and effectiveness of our proposed model position it as a valuable approach for advancing the field of miRNA-abiotic stress association prediction.

Mesoscale eddies can significantly influence the surface and deep layers of the ocean, leading to diverse outcomes. Particularly, high-amplitude mesoscale eddies possess vertical structures that can reach thousands of meters, carrying greater kinetic energy. Accurately detecting such eddies is crucial for various applications, ranging from promoting marine economic development to ensuring navigational safety. This study presents a cutting-edge algorithm for mesoscale eddy identification, leveraging multi-task learning and multi-source data. Initially, we investigated the impacts of mesoscale eddies of different amplitudes on their surrounding environments. Following this, we compiled a multi-source dataset of mesoscale eddies in the South China Sea by leveraging the diverse attributes presented by eddies in various surface layers of the sea. Our approach involves extracting multiple features of mesoscale eddies from multi-source data and fusing them, along with designing a mix residual module to enhance feature extraction capabilities. Finally, we propose a novel method based on multi-task learning, which concurrently learns the segmentation and contour of mesoscale eddies. This is supported by an optimized loss function for simultaneous learning. Strict validation of mesoscale eddy detection in the South China Sea region demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. The empirical results emphasize the algorithm’s capabilities in mitigating contour loss (a common challenge in deep network architectures), improving detection accuracy, and efficiently generating results for eddy contour and categorical segmentation tasks.

In order to develop a fast, efficient and intelligent tool to recognize anti-hypertensive peptides (AHTPs), an identification model based on multi-source characteristics and deep learning was constructed for the recognition of AHTPs. Novel enhanced grouped amino acid composition (NEGAAC), reduced dipeptide composition (RDPC), dipeptide deviation from expected mean (DDE), amino acid physicochemical properties-based distance transformation (AAP-DT) and BLOSUM62 encoding were used for feature extraction of peptide sequences. In addition, bidirectional gated recurrent units (BiGRU) were used for deep learning of protein characteristics, so as to effectively identify AHTPs. Under 10-fold cross-validation, the recognition accuracy of the recognition model based on multi-source features and deep learning reaches 96.78% and 98.72% on the benchmark data set and independent data set.

Soil nutrients are essential for plant growth, and it is crucial to accurately detect their levels. However, current methods for detecting soil nutrients still have low accuracy and high costs. In this study, we propose a multi-source fusion feature approach that combines multispectral image technology with electronic nose gas response technology to achieve rapid, high-precision, and cost-effective detection of soil nutrients, including soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available potassium (AK), and available phosphorus (AP). To begin, a multispectral camera was used to collect spectral images and extract seven index features. Additionally, an electronic nose was used to collect soil pyrolysis gases to obtain the response curve and extract seven response features. These two sets of features were effectively fused to form a 106 × 98 fusion feature space. Secondly, principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) algorithms were used to optimize and reduce the dimensionality of the fused feature space. Finally, a predictive model of the relationship between the feature space and the nutrient content of the soil samples was established using the random forest (RF) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) algorithms. The predictive performance of the model was used to evaluate the accuracy of soil nutrient detection. The results showed that the PLSR modeling of the optimized feature space of PCA achieved high accuracy in predicting the levels of main soil nutrients, with R2 values for SOM, TN, AK, and AP of 0.96, 0.95, 0.84, and 0.73, and the RMSE values of 0.56, 0.07, 3.21, and 3.70, respectively. Compared to using only electronic nose gas response technology, the soil nutrient detection with multi-source data features method in this study not only improved the accuracy for SOM and TN but also for metal elements AK and AP in soil. The spectral index features proposed in this study were able to compensate for the limitations of the electronic nose response features, and modeling with the fusion feature space resulted in an accurate prediction of SOM, TN, AK, and AP levels.

Cross-modal pedestrian re-identification is a key technology to realize all-weather intelligent video surveillance system. This technology is designed to match the visible light image and infrared image of a pedestrian with a specific identity in a non-overlapping camera scene, so it faces huge intra-class changes and modal differences. Existing methods are difficult to solve these two difficulties, which is largely due to the lack of effective mining of feature discrimination and the full use of multi-source heterogeneous information. In view of the above shortcomings, a refined multi-source feature collaborative network is designed by the collaborative learning method, and multiple complementary features are extracted for information fusion, the learning ability of the network is improved. Multi-scale and multi-level features are extracted from the backbone convolutional network, and the refined feature collaborative learning is realized; the discriminative ability of features is enhanced to deal with intra-class changes. A modal sharing and unique feature collaboration module and a cross-modal human semantic self-supervision module are designed to achieve the purpose of multi-source feature collaborative learning, so as to improve the utilization of multi-source heterogeneous image information, and then modal differences are resolved. The validity and advancement of this method are verified on the SYSU-MM01 and RegDB data sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to develop a fast, efficient and intelligent tool to recognize anti-hypertensive peptides (AHTPs), an identification model based on multi-source characteristics and deep learning was constructed for the recognition of AHTPs. Novel enhanced grouped amino acid composition (NEGAAC), reduced dipeptide composition (RDPC), dipeptide deviation from expected mean (DDE), amino acid physicochemical properties-based distance transformation (AAP-DT) and BLOSUM62 encoding were used for feature extraction of peptide sequences. In addition, bidirectional gated recurrent units (BiGRU) were used for deep learning of protein characteristics, so as to effectively identify AHTPs. Under 10-fold cross-validation, the recognition accuracy of the recognition model based on multi-source features and deep learning reaches 96.78% and 98.72% on the benchmark data set and independent data set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concomitant drugs therapy is effective and inevitable for most patients. However, drug–drug adverse reactions (DDADRs) caused by combination drugs may bring about medical malpractices. Therefore, the accurate prediction of DDADRs is beneficial to human health and pharmaceutical researches. Currently, existing machine learning-based methods focus on a single feature. In this paper, we propose a novel method, MS-ADR, to extract multi-source features and predict DDADRs. First, we obtain four biomedical views by using four drug signed networks, respectively, namely enzyme view, indication view, side effect view, and transporter view. Then, different biomedical views are fed into graph convolutional neural networks (GCN) to extract multi-source features. Second, we propose an attention block to merge multi-source features from different biomedical views. Finally, a reconstructed drug–drug adverse reaction network is embedded to predict DDADR. The experiment shows that MS-ADR achieves better performance compared with other start-of-the-art baselines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pear anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum bacteria, is a severe infectious disease that significantly impacts the growth, development, and fruit yield of pear trees. Early detection of pear anthracnose before symptoms manifest is of great importance in preventing its spread and minimizing economic losses. This study utilized hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology to investigate early detection of pear anthracnose through spectral features, vegetation indices (VIs), and texture features (TFs). Healthy and diseased pear leaves aged 1 to 5 days were selected as subjects for capturing hyperspectral images at various stages of health and disease. Characteristic wavelengths (OWs1 and OWs2) were extracted using the Successive Projection Algorithm (SPA) and Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) algorithm. Significant VIs were identified using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm, while effective TFs were derived from the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). A classification model for pear leaf early anthracnose disease was constructed by integrating different features using three machine learning algorithms: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). The results showed that: the classification identification model constructed based on the feature fusion performed better than that of single feature, with the OWs2-VIs-TFs-BPNN model achieving a highest accuracy of 98.61% in detection and identification of pear leaf early anthracnose disease. Additionally, to intuitively and effectively monitor the progression and severity of anthracnose in pear leaves, the visualization of anthracnose lesions was achieved using Successive Maximum Angle Convex Cone (SMACC) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) techniques. According to our research results, the fusion of multi-source features based on hyperspectral imaging can be a reliable method to detect early asymptomatic infection of pear leaf anthracnose, and provide scientific theoretical support for early warning and prevention of pear leaf diseases., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Zhang, Li, Wang, Xu, Huang, Sun, Yuan, Lei, Qi and Lv.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The auto-transformer rectifier unit (ATRU) is one of the most widely used avionic secondary power supplies. Timely fault identification and location of the ATRU is significant in terms of system reliability. A two-level fault diagnosis method for the ATRU using multi-source features (MSF) is proposed in this paper. Based on the topology of the ATRU, three key electrical signals are selected and analyzed to extract appropriate features for fault diagnosis. Mathematic expressions and simulation results of the feature signals under different fault modes are presented in the paper. Therefore, a unique MSF system is developed and a two-level fault diagnosis method based on radial basis function network groups is proposed. On the first level, the overall fault set is classified into three subsets and then on the second level, three radial basis function neural networks are constructed and trained to realize accurate fault localization. To verify the diagnosis performance of the proposed method, several comparative tests are implemented on a 12-pulse ATRU system, which shows that this method has a lower computational cost, better diagnostic accuracy and increased stability when compared with alternative methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mariculture is crucial in environmental monitoring and safety assurance of marine environments. Certain mariculture areas are often partially or completely submerged in water, which causes the target signal to be extremely weak and difficult to detect. A method of target recognition and classification based on the convolutional neural network called semantic segmentation can fully consider the space spectrum and context semantic information. Therefore, this study proposes a target extraction method on the basis of multisource feature fusion, such as nNDWI and G/R ratio. In this work, the proposed recognition algorithm is verified under the conditions of uniform distribution of strong, weak, and extremely weak signals. Results show that the G/R feature is superior under the condition of uniform distribution of strong and weak signals. Its mean pixels accuracy is 2.32% higher than RGB (combination of red band, green band, and blue band), and its overall classification accuracy is 98.84%. Under the condition of extremely weak signal, the MPA of the multisource feature method based on the combination of G/R and nNDWI is 10.76% higher than RGB, and the overall classification accuracy is 82.02%. Under this condition, the G/R features highlight the target, and nNDWI suppresses noise. The proposed method can effectively extract the information of weak signal in the marine culture area and provide technical support for marine environmental monitoring and marine safety assurance.

Recent studies uncover that subcellular location of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can provide significant information on its function. Due to the lack of experimental data, the number of lncRNAs is very limited, experimentally verified subcellular localization, and the numbers of lncRNAs located in different organelle are wildly imbalanced. The prediction of subcellular location of lncRNAs is actually a multi-classification small sample imbalance problem. The imbalance of data results in the poor recognition effect of machine learning models on small data subsets, which is a puzzling and challenging problem in the existing research. In this study, we integrate multi-source features to construct a sequence-based computational tool, lncLocation, to predict the subcellular location of lncRNAs. Autoencoder is used to enhance part of the features, and the binomial distribution-based filtering method and recursive feature elimination (RFE) are used to filter some of the features. It improves the representation ability of data and reduces the problem of unbalanced multi-classification data. By comprehensive experiments on different feature combinations and machine learning models, we select the optimal features and classifier model scheme to construct a subcellular location prediction tool, lncLocation. LncLocation can obtain an 87.78% accuracy using 5-fold cross validation on the benchmark data, which is higher than the state-of-the-art tools, and the classification performance, especially for small class sets, is improved significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mariculture is crucial in environmental monitoring and safety assurance of marine environments. Certain mariculture areas are often partially or completely submerged in water, which causes the target signal to be extremely weak and difficult to detect. A method of target recognition and classification based on the convolutional neural network called semantic segmentation can fully consider the space spectrum and context semantic information. Therefore, this study proposes a target extraction method on the basis of multisource feature fusion, such as nNDWI and G/R ratio. In this work, the proposed recognition algorithm is verified under the conditions of uniform distribution of strong, weak, and extremely weak signals. Results show that the G/R feature is superior under the condition of uniform distribution of strong and weak signals. Its mean pixels accuracy is 2.32% higher than RGB (combination of red band, green band, and blue band), and its overall classification accuracy is 98.84%. Under the condition of extremely weak signal, the MPA of the multisource feature method based on the combination of G/R and nNDWI is 10.76% higher than RGB, and the overall classification accuracy is 82.02%. Under this condition, the G/R features highlight the target, and nNDWI suppresses noise. The proposed method can effectively extract the information of weak signal in the marine culture area and provide technical support for marine environmental monitoring and marine safety assurance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]