1. Branched‐Chain Polyamine Found in Hyperthermophiles Induces Unique Temperature‐Dependent Structural Changes in Genome‐Size DNA
- Author
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Yuko Yoshikawa, Tadayuki Imanaka, Takashi Nishio, Shinsuke Fujiwara, Wakao Fukuda, Tsunehiko Higuchi, Kenichi Yoshikawa, and Naoki Umezawa
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Hot Temperature ,Spermidine ,archaea ,branched polyamine ,nano-loop ,010402 general chemistry ,Microscopy, Atomic Force ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,high temperature ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Structural isomer ,Polyamines ,Molecule ,Animals ,Bacteriophage T4 ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Genome size ,Genome ,biology ,DNA ,Articles ,biology.organism_classification ,Hyperthermophile ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Thermococcus kodakarensis ,Thermococcus ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Biophysics ,Nucleic Acid Conformation ,Cattle ,Polyamine ,higher-order structure of DNA - Abstract
A pentavalent branched‐chain polyamine, N 4‐bis(aminopropyl)spermidine 3(3)(3)4, is a unique polycation found in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis, which grows at temperatures between 60 and 100 °C. We studied the effects of this branched‐chain polyamine on DNA structure at different temperatures up to 80 °C. Atomic force microscopic observation revealed that 3(3)(3)4 induces a mesh‐like structure on a large DNA (166 kbp) at 24 °C. With an increase in temperature, DNA molecules tend to unwind, and multiple nano‐loops with a diameter of 10–50 nm are generated along the DNA strand at 80 °C. These results were compared to those obtained with linear‐chain polyamines, homocaldopentamine 3334 and spermidine, the former of which is a structural isomer of 3(3)(3)4. These specific effects are expected to neatly concern with its role on high‐temperature preference in hyperthermophiles.
- Published
- 2018
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