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Cancer presents itself as one of the biggest challenges in public health worldwide due to its high prevalence and mortality rates. It is a very aggressive disease with innumerous evasion mechanisms to treatment, resulting in many cancers still being a death sentence. Research across the globe concerning this disease has made important progress for its treatment, although many gaps and challenges remain. In this context, cannabinoids, chemical substances found in the Cannabis plant, seem to demonstrate desirable therapeutic effects in varying types of cancer, shown in in vitro, in vivo, and some few case studies. Thus, the current research constitutes itself as a systematic review of the literature to gather, evaluate and measure the state of the art and application of Cannabis as a therapeutic option and adjuvant in the treatment of cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the association between inflammatory myopathies (IM), and their correlation with cancer. There are several potential causes behind the association of cancer and inflammatory myopathies. The positivity of specific antibodies for myositis plays a significant role. Our objective is to describe cancer and inflammatory myopathies in Colombia, focusing on demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data. We retrospectively analyzed 112 IM patients diagnosed at Fundación Valle del Lili in Cali, Colombia, the cases met the EULAR/ACR criteria. Data included demographics, clinical signs, laboratory findings, and malignancy. Malignancy associations were explored using logistic regression. The survival analysis was assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves and the Log-Rank test. Dermatomyositis was the most common subtype (45.5%), with a female predominance (66.1%). Cancer diagnosis occurred in 11.6% of cases, predominantly thyroid cancer. The median time from myopathy onset to cancer diagnosis was 11 months, with 75% of cases within the first year. Bivariate analysis indicated associations between cancer and age, Gottron's papules, digital ulcers, and heliotrope rash. However, multivariate analysis identified age as the only significant malignancy risk factor. Survival analysis showed better rates in younger patients. This study provides into the link between IM and cancer in the Colombian population. Thyroid cancer predominated, with a slightly higher proportion of female cancer diagnoses. Age emerged as a significant risk factor for malignancy. Understanding this association is crucial for early detection and improving patient outcomes related to IM-associated malignancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sinonasal neoplasms represent approximately 1% of all neoplasms and represent a major challenge for treatment. The treatment of nasal tumors must be local, and radiotherapy can be a good option in these cases. This study evaluated the therapeutic response of canine sinonasal neoplasms to megavoltage radiotherapy, and consequently, its influence on the survival and quality of life of these animals. We included 26 dogs with sinonasal neoplasms through histopathological and cytological examination. Dogs were treated with radiotherapy at total doses of 42–54 Gy (for carcinomas) and 45 Gy (for sarcomas) in 15–18 fractions of 2.8–3.0 Gy. Tumor staging was performed based on skull tomography. The most frequent clinical signs of sinonasal neoplasms were sneezing, nasal noise, and epistaxis. Acute side effects were mild and more frequent. Survival was evaluated based on tumor stage, obtaining a mean overall survival of 329 days (95% confidence interval, 229–428) and a median of 252.5 days. The survival time in animals in stage T3/T4 was significantly shorter than that in those in stage T1/T2 (P < 0.05). Moreover, 86.4% of the treated animals showed clinical improvement. Radiotherapy was well tolerated by dogs and effective in controlling sinonasal neoplasms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: conocer el papel de la atención de enfermería en los cuidados paliativos para mejorar la calidad asistencial del niño con un proceso oncológico. Método: revisión bibliográfica de la literatura mediante la búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, la Biblioteca Cochrane Plus, la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, Scopus y Web Of Science. Los descriptores de los tesauros DeCS y MeSH se unieron mediante los operadores booleanos AND y OR. Resultados: tras la búsqueda se obtuvieron 305 artículos, incluyendo finalmente 13 artículos para realizar la revisión tras la aplicación de los criterios de selección. La Biblioteca Virtual de Salud fue la base de datos con mayor número de artículos incluidos (n=6). Los estudios cualitativos fueron los más predominantes con un total de 9 artículos incluidos (69,23%). Conclusiones: la atención de enfermería influye en la calidad asistencial de los cuidados paliativos de los niños con un proceso oncológico, ya que es el personal que más tiempo pasa con los pacientes. Existen diversos factores que influyen en la calidad de los cuidados paliativos pediátricos como es el control del dolor, así como diferentes barreras que dificultan la integración de los cuidados paliativos pediátricos, encontrando entre ellas la falta de formación del personal de enfermería.

O avanço tecnológico permitiu a cura de doenças crônicas, como o câncer, porém criou a ilusão de que a morte é um infortúnio. Os profissionais da oncologia apresentam uma relação ambígua com a morte, que embora presente, é combatida a todo custo. Objetiva-se analisar as significações que os profissionais da área oncológica atribuem às perdas, à morte e ao luto. Realizou-se uma pesquisa clínico-qualitativa, com entrevista semiestruturada de questões abertas com seis profissionais componentes de uma equipe de Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, serviço público, localizado em uma cidade no Sul da Bahia. Da análise de conteúdo das entrevistas, identificou-se quatro grupos temáticos em que se discute os conceitos de perda, limite, luto, acolhimento, escuta e vínculo, entrecortando-os com temas como religião, docilização dos corpos, responsabilidades e implicações da instituição e do profissional de saúde na gestão de dispositivos para o luto. Conclui-se que as entrevistadas reconhecem que a morte é mais uma das perdas no trabalho, que não tem a devida elaboração, não pela sua desimportância, mas pela pressão das demandas de trabalho.

Introducción. Algunos estudios han señalado que la soledad podría estar relacionada con un aumento en el riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes con cáncer ya que puede debilitar la respuesta al tratamiento y del sistema inmunológico y promover comportamientos perjudiciales, lo que puede empeorar el pronóstico y aumentar la probabilidad de muerte en estos pacientes. El abordar la soledad en la salud pública es esencial para brindar apoyo social y mejorar los resultados en los pacientes con cáncer. Objetivo. Obtener un estimador de la asociación soledad no deseada – mortalidad en pacientes con cáncer. Materiales y métodos. Se le hizo el seguimiento durante dos años a una cohorte prospectiva de 400 pacientes (exposición=niveles de soledad; desenlace=tiempo hasta la muerte). Se incluyeron variables de control sociodemográficas y clínicas. Se utilizó un modelo de supervivencia paramétrico (log normal). Resultados. En la cohorte se encontró una mediana de supervivencia de 20,2 meses y una tasa de mortalidad de 3,2 muertes por 100 pacientes-mes (IC95 %: 2,8 a 3,7). En el modelo de supervivencia se encontraron las siguientes razones de tiempo (RT): nivel moderado-nivel bajo: RT=0,55; IC95 %: 0,39 a 0,77; nivel moderadamente alto-nivel bajo: RT=0,62; IC95 %: 0.41 a 0.93; nivel alto-nivel bajo: RT=1,17; IC95 %: 0,31 a 4,42. Conclusión. En comparación con los pacientes con niveles bajos de soledad, los pacientes con niveles moderados o moderadamente altos llegan más rápidamente a la muerte (RT estadísticamente significativas, habiendo ajustado por el efecto de las demás variables del modelo). Esto sugiere la utilidad de las intervenciones para mitigar la soledad y promover el apoyo social en los pacientes con cáncer.

BACKGROUND: Melanoma is a malignant lesion with aggressive behavior, with a rapid evolutionary process that may cause melanic and amelanic lesions, particularly in the mucosa. CLINICAL CASE: A 48-year-old male patient initially diagnosed as an asthmatic process and, given the poor response to treatment, he was sent to Otorhinolaryngology service, where a tracheal neoformation with a histopathological report of melanoma was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: The early identification of melanoma allows to offer the patient and clinician care choices and damage limitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Some cancer survivors experience difficulties with concentration, attention, and memory; however, there are no studies on neurodevelopment in patients under 5 years of age who are undergoing cancer treatment. Our aim was to evaluate neurodevelopment in cancer patients under 5 years of age using the Early Development Instrument (EDI) test, considering factors such as nutritional status, type of cancer, and treatment effect. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2018 to March 2019. Patients with cancer diagnoses outside the central nervous system in any phase of cancer treatment were included. Results: A total of 45 patients were included. Regarding fine motor skills, 28% of patients with retinoblastoma and 23% of patients with leukemia or lymphoma had a risk of developmental delay compared to 0% of patients with solid tumors (p = 0.025). The final results showed that 19 (42.2%) patients had normal neurodevelopment (gray), 7 (15.5%) had a delay in neurodevelopment (light gray), and 19 (42.2%) had a risk of developmental delay (black). Regarding developmental delay, 52% of patients in the leukemia and lymphoma group, 71% in the retinoblastoma group, and 23% in the solid tumor group presented developmental delay (p = 0.06). Conclusions: The risk of delay and lag in neurodevelopment is common in cancer patients under 5 years of age undergoing treatment. However, more studies are required to evaluate the effect of treatment on this group of patients as it may be affected by various factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: to determine the clinical and epidemiological profile of the pediatric population diagnosed with central nervous system tumors attended in a high complexity hospital in Medellin, Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: an observational, descriptive and retrospective study was carried out between January 2015 and December 2020, which included pediatric patients aged 0 to 14 years with a diagnosis of central nervous system tumors. For the analysis of qualitative variables, relative and absolute frequencies were measured, and for quantitative variables, measures of central tendency and interquantile ranges were used as measures of dispersion. RESULTS: seventy patients with clinical and/or imaging diagnosis of central nervous system tumors were included, with a median age of 9 years (minimum 0 - maximum 14 years). Male sex predominated with 57.1% and 74.3% of the population had urban origin. Regarding the characteristics of the tumor, the most common location was in the posterior fossa with 24.2%, the malignant behavior of the tumor predominated with 62.9% and 55.7% of the tumors were found in the initial stage. 87.1% (61) of the tumors were primary, 5.7% (4) presented metastasis and 20% (14) of the patients had a fatal outcome. CONCLUSIONS: CNS tumors are a serious oncologic disease, which considerably affects the pediatric population, with a predominance in the male sex. This study has evidenced the clinical and epidemiological profile of 52 children with CNS tumors, where the main symptoms reported at diagnosis were nausea and/or vomiting, followed by motor signs and symptoms. The main histological variant identified was neurofibromatosis type I (non-malignant), followed by medulloblastoma, which is consistent with reports in the literature. These oncologic diseases continue to have a great impact on infant mortality, as shown in several studies and also as found in this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Nursing & Health is the property of Journal of Nursing & Health (JONAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Psicologia Clínica is the property of Faculdades Catolicas - Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo Objetivo Analisar evidências sobre os custos financeiros de famílias no cuidado de crianças e adolescentes durante o tratamento oncológico. Métodos Revisão integrativa. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science e EMBASE. Foram considerados artigos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês, nos últimos dez anos, com diferentes desenhos de estudo e que abordassem a temática. Para as buscas, foram utilizados os descritores controlados MeSH, dos títulos CINAHL e EMTREE, seus sinônimos e palavras-chave, interligados pelos operadores booleanos AND e OR. Resultados Foram incluídos 22 artigos. Os resultados foram descritos em categorias: Custos diretos (médicos e não médicos) e indiretos (condição laboral parental e renda familiar). Os custos médicos são aqueles associados a hospitalizações, tratamento e diagnóstico. Os principais elementos responsáveis pelas despesas não médicas foram viagens, alimentação e acomodação. O impacto na situação laboral das famílias é consequência da alta demanda de cuidados imposta aos cuidadores para o tratamento do câncer infantojuvenil. Em decorrência da mudança na situação de trabalho, as famílias precisam lidar com o risco e desdobramentos da diminuição ou perda de renda. Conclusão Os resultados indicam que as famílias assumem despesas médicas diretas e indiretas, bem como custos não relacionados à saúde decorrentes da doença. Além disso, são afetadas por custos indiretos, como perda de produtividade, impacto e mudanças no emprego, o que reduz significativamente a renda.

Enquadramento: Os doentes oncológicos tendem a tornar-se utilizadores frequentes dos serviços de urgência (SU), podendo ter mais episódios de internamento não programados. Alguns episódios poderão ser evitados com programas de acompanhamento adequados. Objetivo: Identificar características relativamente ao sexo, idade e doença, dos doentes que mais vezes acedem ao SU, numa instituição especializada no tratamento de cancro. Metodologia: Estudo de coorte retrospetivo de doentes adultos de uma instituição especializada no tratamento oncológico, através da análise dos registos clínicos das variáveis, idade, sexo, características da doença e utilização de recursos, em três grupos com diferentes intensidades de acesso ao SU. Resultados: Doentes com mais acessos ao SU são frequentemente tratados com quimioterapia, os cancros mais diagnosticados são dos sistemas hematopoiético e reticuloendotelial, e gânglios linfáticos, com invasão de gânglios ou metastização. A maior utilização do SU não é explicada pela idade ou sexo. Conclusão: A identificação do perfil destes doentes possibilita maior detalhe na construção de programas de acompanhamento, na tentativa de diminuição dos acessos ao SU e internamentos não programados.

RESUMO Objetivo Correlacionar a performance funcional e impacto da disfagia na qualidade de vida de pacientes oncológicos em cuidados paliativos. Método Estudo transversal e quantitativo realizado no ambulatório e enfermaria de oncologia de um hospital universitário. Os critérios de inclusão exigiram que os pacientes respondessem positivamente à pergunta: “você tem dificuldade ou problema para engolir?”. Foram excluídos os pacientes que tivessem diagnóstico de câncer de cabeça e pescoço, incapacidade de responder questionários devido a estarem em processo ativo de morte, estado de sonolência, dor extrema e instabilidade sistêmica, bem como os instrumentos de coleta que não foram concluídos. Foram aplicados dois instrumentos em suas versões para o português brasileiro: a Palliative Performance Scale (PPS) e M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI). A análise das variáveis foi realizada com base na estatística descritiva e inferencial, por meio da correlação de Pearson, em nível de significância de 5%. Resultados A amostra foi composta por 39 participantes, com média de 65,3 anos, dos quais 24 (61,5%) eram mulheres. As localizações mais frequentes de neoplasia foram: pâncreas e estômago. O resultado da PPS indicou que a média dos pacientes apresentou deambulação reduzida, incapacidade para trabalhar, porém com independência no autocuidado, nível de ingesta e consciência completos e o MDADI obteve grau médio de limitação. Pacientes ambulatoriais apresentaram correlação moderada entre o resultado do MDADI e nível de funcionalidade pela PPS. Conclusão Pacientes oncológicos do ambulatório de cuidados paliativos apresentaram correlação entre performance funcional e o impacto da disfagia na qualidade de vida.

Objetivo: describir la prevalencia de patología maligna incidental posterior a una histerectomía por causa benigna. Método: estudio de corte transversal descriptivo, basado en registros hospitalarios. Se incluyeron mujeres a quienes se les realizó una histerectomía por causa benigna en un hospital general de referencia entre 2013 y 2021. Se excluyeron mujeres con histerectomía obstétrica. Variables medidas: edad, vía de la histerectomía, tipo de histerectomía, diagnóstico histopatológico de lesión premaligna o de cáncer invasor, tipo de cáncer. Análisis: descriptivo, se estimó la prevalencia en el periodo global de condiciones preneoplásicas y neoplásicas. Resultado: de 816 registros clínicos se analizaron 674 casos (87 %) que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Predominó la población premenopáusica. Se identificaron 26 casos de enfermedad maligna no anticipada para una prevalencia del 3,8 % y 13 casos de patología premaligna (1,9 %). El origen más frecuente fue el cuello uterino (40 %) seguido del ovario (33 %). Conclusiones: se debe considerar informar riesgo de lesión no esperada a las pacientes que serán sometidas a histerectomía por condición benigna. Se enfatiza la importancia de realizar una adecuada aproximación prequirúrgica, en especial para descartar cáncer de ovario y cérvix en nuestro medio. Se requieren estudios de seguimiento de las pacientes con cáncer no anticipado para determinar el tratamiento y su pronóstico en la región.

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo donde se evaluaron los análisis histopatológicos realizados a neoplasias de pacientes felinos y caninos en una clínica Veterinaria de la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia) durante los años 2014 – 2023. Las muestras fueron obtenidas por biopsia incisional, biopsia excisional y biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina y fueron analizadas por medio de diagnóstico morfohistopatológico con tinciones de Hematoxilina y Eosina. Fueron analizadas 717 histopatologías entre perros y gatos, donde algunos individuos tenían dos o más tipos de neoplasias. Las neoplasias malignas tuvieron una casuística mayor comparado con las neoplasias benignas (60.67% y 39.33% respectivamente), se observó también que las neoplasias en piel son las más frecuentes (83.82%) seguidas de las neoplasias gastrointestinales (4.88%) y en bazo (4.88%). Las neoplasias en piel representaron una malignidad del 55.74% siendo un factor determinante entre los individuos la edad de 5 a 10 años. Este estudio permitió definir de una manera objetiva la frecuencia de presentación de casos neoplásicos en una clinica veterinaria de la ciudad de Bogotá. Sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios estandarizados y descentralizado para obtener la prevalencia actual de la ciudad.

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de infecção em crianças e adolescentes com câncer em tratamento quimioterápico e os fatores associados. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com 59 prontuários de crianças e adolescentes com câncer em tratamento quimioterápico, da ala de oncologia pediátrica no serviço de referência, em Campina Grande, Paraíba. Foi realizada análise descritiva e multivariada com regressão de Poisson. Resultados: Identificou-se uma prevalência da infecção de 47,5% durante o primeiro ciclo do tratamento quimioterápico em crianças e adolescentes com câncer. As variáveis identificadas que apresentaram significância estatística para a ocorrência da infecção foram os fatores de risco, como ventilação invasiva, ventilação não invasiva, uso de corticoides, e os sinais e sintomas, como diarreia, ruídos adventícios, dispneia, cefaleia, alteração do estado mental e comportamental, febre, taquipneia, hepatomegalia e esplenomegalia. Conclusão: Foi encontrada uma alta prevalência de infecção durante o primeiro ciclo do tratamento quimioterápico. Esta intercorrência pode retardar o tratamento oncológico, favorecer o crescimento tumoral e diminuir a efetividade da terapêutica empregada.

Apesar dos avanços no tratamento oncológico, o câncer permanece uma doença grave e debilitante, com tratamentos que deixam sequelas físicas e emocionais. A medicina integrativa surgiu como uma abordagem para fornecer um cuidado mais abrangente e centrado no paciente. Oficialmente reconhecida em 1962 e fortalecida por parcerias internacionais, como a American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), a medicina integrativa combina terapias convencionais e práticas complementares baseadas em evidências. Ela enfatiza a relação médico-paciente, o autocuidado e estilos de vida saudáveis, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida e os resultados clínicos. Nos Estados Unidos, mais de 50 hospitais adotam essa abordagem, integrando práticas como yoga, meditação, nutrição e acupuntura no manejo de sintomas comuns do câncer, como fadiga, dor, ansiedade e depressão. A medicina integrativa não substitui o tratamento convencional, mas oferece um suporte adicional, promovendo um atendimento mais completo e humanizado.

Introdução: Identificar precocemente o estado nutricional de pacientes com câncer assegura o tratamento nutricional adequado e melhores prognósticos. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre o ângulo de fase (AF), o risco nutricional avaliado por meio do Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) e indicadores do estado nutricional em pacientes com câncer hospitalizados. Método: Estudo transversal, prospectivo, com pacientes com câncer internados no Complexo Hospitalar de Vitória da Conquista, na Bahia. O AF foi avaliado por meio da impedância bioelétrica, sendo considerados baixos os valores < 5º para homens e < 4,6º para mulheres. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência da panturrilha (CP) e porcentagem de adequação da circunferência do braço (%CB). O risco nutricional foi avaliado utilizando a ferramenta NRS-2002. Para a análise estatística dos dados, foram utilizados o teste qui-quadrado e a regressão logística binária múltipla. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 135 pacientes. Os sítios tumorais mais encontrados foram intestino (16,3%), mama (16,3%) e cérebro (12,59%). Grande parte da amostra apresentou risco nutricional (59,3%), enquanto 41,67% dos homens e 28,57% das mulheres apresentaram AF baixo. Todos os parâmetros antropométricos foram associados ao AF na análise univariada. Na análise multivariada, apenas a %CB e o risco nutricional se mostraram associados de forma independente ao AF. Conclusão: O AF está associado ao risco nutricional e à %CB em pacientes com câncer hospitalizados.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of incidental malignant pathology following a hysterectomy performed for benign reasons. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study based on hospital records. Women who underwent hysterectomy for benign reasons at a general referral hospital between 2013 and 2021 were included. Women with obstetric hysterectomy were excluded. Measured variables: age, route of hysterectomy, type of hysterectomy, histopathological diagnosis of premalignant lesion or invasive cancer, type of cancer. Analysis: Descriptive, the prevalence of preneoplastic and neoplastic conditions was estimated for the overall period. Results: Of 816 clinical records, 674 cases (87 %) met the inclusion criteria and were ana-lyzed. The premenopausal population predominated. Twentysix cases of unex-pected malignant disease were identified, yielding a prevalence of 3.8 %, and 13 cases of premalignant pathology (1.9 %). The most common origin was the cervix (40 %), followed by the ovary (33 %). Conclusions: Patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign conditions should be informed about the risk of unexpected injury. The importance of performing, in our context an adequate preoperative approach to rule out cervix uteri and ovarian cancer is emphasized. Follow-up studies of patients with unanticipated cancer are required to determine their treatment and prognosis in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ewing's sarcoma is a small round blue cell tumor; most commonly found in children and young adults, producing a high burden of symptoms, the most prevalent being pain that is usually severe and has a chronic behavior. Different neurotransmission pathways, channels and receptors propose that analgesic therapy be individualized. We present a case of Ewing sarcoma with severe neuropathic pain refractory to opioids with the aim of presenting an alternative analgesic management in this type of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to understand the self-care of family caregivers during their relative's cancer treatment. This is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Interviews were conducted with 14 family caregivers of people with cancer. The data was analyzed using the Content Analysis technique. The study respected ethical aspects. The categories revealed were: Impaired self-care as a result of caring for others, which reveals the repercussions of caring for the sick loved one on the life of the caregiver, and Challenges experienced in the family routine, which explains that changes occur in the family structure, involving changes in the daily routine, renunciation of personal, social and professional activities. The study points to the importance of extending humanized care that shows empathy to family caregivers. These actions are important for restoring the well-being of caregivers, as a way of recognizing their needs and valuing them as human beings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hospital a Domicilio is the property of Centro Internacional Virtual de Investigacion en Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. In Mexico, its incidence has increased, and differences have been reported regarding the regions of the country. Objective: To study the epidemiology of malignant neoplasms diagnosed in the Pathology department of a hospital in eastern Mexico. Material and methods: We studied the different cancer types diagnosed in Pathology of the Hospital Centro Médico Nacional “General de División Manuel Ávila Camacho” during 2019. Results: In the region, women were more affected than men, presenting more cases. In the total population, we found a high proportion of breast and skin cancers and a decreased proportion of lung cancer, both compared with Mexico and the world (2020). In men, we found a decreased prostate cancer proportion compared to Mexico. We also observed a high proportion of skin cancer (higher than Mexico and the world) and a high percentage of higher digestive system cases, compared to Mexico. For women, we found a high percentage of breast and skin cancers compared to Mexico and the world; and a decreased percentage of cervical cancer when compared to data from Mexico. Conclusions: Knowing cancer epidemiology in the regions of Mexico can help implement cancer control, screening activities and to provide a timely treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is observed that there are high mortality rates from breast cancer in Brazil and, consequently, greater demand in the public sector. This study analyzed breast cancer mortality in Brazil, in Brazilian regions and Federation Units. Regarding the method, this is a retrospective study, of a historical series, with a quantitative approach, of secondary data obtained in March 2023, through consultation with the IT Department of the Unified Health System of Brazil and the Mortality Information System. Records of deaths coded with the International Classification of Diseases C50 - Malignant breast neoplasm were included. The data were tabulated in spreadsheets using Microsoft Excel software. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out, considering populations of 100 thousand inhabitants. A gradual increase in breast cancer mortality was observed in the Southeast Region, people with white skin color, aged between 50 and 69 years, married, female, with 8 to 11 years of schooling and deaths in hospitals. Breast cancer mortality rates have been high and have steadily increased over the years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Gallbladder cancer is one of the most common neoplasms of the bile duct and most cases are diagnosed incidentally or in advanced stages. In Colombia, there are few publications about the prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with unsuspected gallbladder cancer. The objective of this work was to update the existing information. Methods. Cross-sectional study based on medical records. The incidental finding of malignant pathology reported and the histological subtype were defined as the outcome variable. Demographic, clinical and surgical variables were measured. ORs were calculated with their respective 95% CI. Results. Of the 2630 cases analyzed, four were diagnosed with incidental gallbladder cancer, with a prevalence of 0.15%. Characteristics associated with incidental gallbladder cancer were age, history of cancer and the presence of polyps. Conclusions. This is a rare pathology in the population evaluated, which allows us to recommend that it is not necessary to routinely perform more extensive presurgical studies, unless the patient presents any of the associated factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: compreender a mobilização da família de crianças com câncer nos processos-chave de resiliência, por meio da participação em um programa de intervenção familiar. Métodos: realizou-se um estudo de caso qualitativo longitudinal envolvendo duas famílias de crianças com câncer, atendidas em uma Clínica Ampliada de Pesquisa e Intervenção Familiar vinculada a uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, situada em um município da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. O referencial teórico utilizado foi o Modelo de Resiliência, e, quanto ao aspecto metodológico, empregou-se a Análise Qualitativa de Conteúdo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas antes e após a intervenção das famílias no programa. Resultados: foram identificadas duas categorias principais que evidenciam a mobilização dos processos-chave de resiliência familiar: o fortalecimento da capacidade de enfrentamento e a melhoria nos processos de comunicação. Conclusão: as intervenções sistematizadas possuem o potencial de mobilizar processos-chave de resiliência, contribuindo para aliviar o sofrimento das famílias e melhorar sua autoconfiança frente aos desafios impostos. Destaca-se que, com as intervenções, as famílias conseguem mobilizar os processos-chave de resiliência, o que resulta na mitigação de seu sofrimento e no fortalecimento de sua autoconfiança para lidar com os desafios.

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo donde se evaluaron que los análisis histopatológicos realizados a neoplasias de pacientes felinos y caninos en una clínica Veterinaria de la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia) en el periodo transcurrido entre los años 2014 – 2023, las muestras fueron obtenidas por biopsia incisional, biopsia excisional y biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina y fueron analizadas por medio de diagnóstico morfohistopatologico con tinciones de Hematoxilina y Eosina. Fueron analizadas 717 histopatologías entre perros y gatos, en donde algunos individuos tenían dos o más tipos de neoplasias. Las neoplasias malignas tuvieron una casuística mayor comparado con las neoplasias benignas (60.67% y 39.33% respectivamente), se observó también que las neoplasias en piel son las más frecuentes (83.82%) seguidas de las neoplasias gastrointestinales (4.88%) y en bazo (4.88%). Las neoplasias en piel representaron una malignidad del 55.74% siendo un factor determinante entre los individuos la edad de 5 a 10 años. Este estudio permitió definir de una manera objetiva la frecuencia de presentación de casos neoplásicos en la ciudad de Bogotá, sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios estandarizados y descentralizado para obtener la prevalencia real de la ciudad.

Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender o autocuidado dos familiares cuidadores durante o tratamento oncológico do seu familiar, por meio de um estudo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 14 familiares cuidadores de pessoas com câncer, cujos dados foram analisados pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. O estudo respeitou os aspectos éticos. As categorias reveladas foram: Autocuidado prejudicado em decorrência do cuidar do outro, que revela as repercussões do ato de cuidar do ente adoecido na vida do cuidador, e Desafios vivenciados na rotina familiar, que explicita que ocorrem alterações na estrutura familiar, envolvendo mudanças na rotina diária, renúncia das atividades pessoais, sociais e profissionais. O estudo sinaliza para a importância da extensão do cuidado humanizado que evidencie empatia aos familiares cuidadores. Estas ações são importantes para a recuperação do bem-estar dos cuidadores, como forma de reconhecer suas necessidades e valorizá-los como seres humano

Resumo Fundamento: A introdução das antraciclinas no tratamento do câncer infantojuvenil propiciou um aumento significativo na sobrevida, mas também nas taxas de morbimortalidade devido às complicações cardiovasculares (CVs). Objetivos: Conhecer o perfil cardiológico de pacientes pediátricos tratados com antraciclinas em um centro oncológico no Brasil e a incidência das complicações CVs. Métodos: Foram coletados, de prontuários de pacientes de ambos os sexos com idade até 19 anos – frequência e forma de apresentação clínica das complicações CVs Gerais (G1) e relacionadas à Disfunção Ventricular (G2) – e correlacionados com fatores de risco, faixa etária e estado vital, medicações cardiológicas e cardioprotetoras. Um valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado significativo. Resultados: Foram incluídos 326 pacientes, destes, 214 (65,6%) eram menores de 10 anos e 192 (58,89%) do sexo masculino. As complicações do G1 ocorreram em 141 (43,3%) pacientes e a mais frequente foi a hipertensão arterial sistêmica; as complicações do G2 ocorreram em 84 pacientes (25,76%). Uma Dose Cumulativa (DC) das antraciclinas > 250mg/m2 foi usada em 26,7% dos pacientes e a associação de complicações do G2 com essa DC não mostrou significância estatística (p=0,305; RC=1,330 e [95% IC= 0,770- 2,296]). As medicações cardiológicas mais usadas foram os diuréticos em 34,7% dos pacientes. Conclusões: O estudo mostrou, como na literatura, uma alta incidência de complicações CVs no tratamento do câncer infantojuvenil, sendo as do G1 as mais frequentes.

Enquadramento: O constructo religiosidade/espiritualidade e apoio social sugere melhoria na qualidade de vida nos doentes com cancro avançado em terapêutica paliativa ou cuidado paliativo. Objetivo: Verificar se as pessoas com cancro avançado que estão a receber terapêutica paliativa e/ou cuidado paliativo, utilizam a religiosidade/espiritualidade e apoio social para o enfrentamento da doença, e comparar o seu uso na melhoria da qualidade de vida. Metodologia: Estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, realizado num hospital no sul do Brasil, de janeiro a julho de 2018. Dados recolhidos através de um questionário sociodemográfico/clínico e do Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 15-Palliative. O teste não paramétrico de Mann Whitney foi utilizado para análise comparativa. Resultados: Participaram 107 doentes na terapêutica paliativa e 19 no cuidado paliativo. O uso da religiosidade/espiritualidade e apoio social foi unanimemente utilizado. A presença de um familiar como cuidador principal teve significância (p = 0,014), predizendo melhor qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Cabe ao enfermeiro promover o cuidado humano e viabilizar o uso do constructo religioso/espiritual e social, em especial a presença do cuidador familiar, para melhorar a qualidade de vida da pessoa com cancro avançado.

Objetivo: mapear os sinais e sintomas de pacientes adultos submetidos à terapia antineoplásica cardiotóxica. Método: revisão de escopo de acordo com a metodologia do Instituto Joana Briggs. A busca foi realizada nas bases Medline/PubMed, LILACS/BVS, Cochrane Library/Wiley, CINAHL e SCOPUS em dezembro de 2021. Os estudos foram gerenciados pelo Endnote e selecionados no Rayyan, de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade. Resultados: foram identificados 297 estudos e destes, 25 foram incluídos na revisão. Foram mapeados sinais e sintomas de danos cardiovasculares diretos e indiretos, associados a alterações estruturais, funcionais e isquêmicas. Conclusão: os sinais e sintomas mais frequentemente citados nos estudos foram dor torácica, diminuição da fração de ejeção, insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e dispneia. O mapeamento apresentado neste estudo pode contribuir para o reconhecimento precoce desses sinais e sintomas, direcionando a prática em saúde.

Foundation: cervical cancer emerges as a relevant concern, given its high incidence and impact on women's health, on a global scale. In recent years, in Ecuador, there has been an increase in new cases of cervical cancer. Objective: identify the relationship between some risk factors for cervical cancer according to the degrees of aggressiveness. Method: an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out. The population was made up of 224 patients from a hospital in the Amazon region of Ecuador. To identify the relationship between the variables age and body mass index, the analysis of variance test was used, while the X2 test was used for the variables: family history and smoking. Results: 3 patients with grade 1 of cervical cancer; 97 patients with grade 2 and 124 with grade 3, were identified. 62,05 % were 35 years old or older, 69,64 % of the patients were overweight or obese, 49,11 % had a family history of cervical cancer and 51,34 %, smoking. An association was found between the degree of aggressiveness of cervical cancer and body mass index (F = 3,440; p = 0,034), family history of cervical cancer (X2 = 10,618; p < 0,005) and smoking (X2 = 18,109; p < 0,001). Conclusions: a higher incidence of cervical cancer was found in women over 35 years of age. Factors such as body mass index, family history of cervical cancer and smoking showed a relationship with the grade of cancer.

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi desenvolver um instrumento capaz de avaliar o enfrentamento de pacientes oncológicos. Foram construídos 112 itens que passaram por análise teórica de juízes especialistas e pré-teste com o público-alvo. Os 42 que restaram após essas etapas foram respondidos por 392 pacientes oncológicos. A análise de validade de estrutura interna foi realizada por análise fatorial exploratória. Denominada como Escala de Estratégias de Enfrentamento para Pacientes Oncológicos (E3PO), os resultados indicaram uma estrutura de 20 itens divididos em dois fatores que explicam 36,05% da variância total. Engajamento no Tratamento, 14 itens (confiabilidade composta de 0,83), avalia compromisso orientado para mudança do estressor. Reações Emocionais, seis itens (confiabilidade composta de 0,75), avalia enfrentamento baseado na expressão de sentimentos negativos advindos do estressor. A E3PO pode futuramente auxiliar na elaboração de planos terapêuticos e avaliação de intervenções comportamentais que tenham como foco o desenvolvimento ou melhoramento do enfrentamento ao câncer.

La enfermedad cerebrovascular constituye una de las principales causas de muerte a nivel mundial. Múltiples factores desencadenan los accidentes vasculares encefálicos isquémicos, entre ellas los tumores cardiacos, como el mixoma auricular. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 32 años, que al examen físico mostró afasia motora, hemiplejia fascio-braquio-crural derecha y discreta paresia de la mirada vertical con nistagmos. Se realizaron estudios de imagen (tomografía de cráneo, ecocardiograma transtorácico y angiotomografía de vasos de cuello) sugerentes de embolización sistémica en el territorio de la carótida izquierda, secundarios a la fragmentación de un tumor cardiaco. Se decide derivar a la paciente a cirugía cardiovascular para endarectomía carotídea con exéresis del tumor cardiaco, el cual evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Persistió el daño neurológico debido al tiempo transcurrido entre el diagnóstico y el tratamiento. Teniendo en cuenta la baja frecuencia del mixoma cardiaco y la posibilidad de asociarse con ictus isquémico se decide presentar este caso.

Introduction. In the population diagnosed with cancer, challenges arise for their adequate nutrition, especially during treatment and in the later stages. Thus, identifying the nutritional knowledge, attitudes and practices of children and their parents during illness and treatment is very useful for proposing solutions to difficulties in feeding that may arise. Objective. Identify knowledge, attitudes and practices related to food by parents, caregivers and children with cancer in two foster homes located in Bogotá, Colombia. Methodology. For this, focus groups were carried out in which specialists, parents and children participated; in addition, the questionnaire designed and validated by the Food and Nutrition Organization of the United Nations was adjusted and applied for the evaluation of knowledge, attitudes and practices in nutrition, later the data were analyzed with a software (NVivo). Results. It was found that children and guardians recognize and practice good habits for nutritional status, although for a third of them it may be difficult to comply with some of them, either due to lack of knowledge, economic condition, myths or beliefs. Conclusion. Information, education and communication interventions are required along with strategies that allow healthy eating and overcoming challenges and symptoms during illness and treatment, especially in the outpatient stage or when being discharged and returning to their homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing cancer burden particularly among less developed countries requires local data to plan and evaluate cancer control measures. This article describes the development of a population-based cancer registry network (PBCRN) in Mexico that took place between 2017 and 2020 and present related data. The PBCRN, led by the National Cancer Institute (Incan), included nine registries representing 11.3% of the Mexican population. Definitions, coding, and operative processes were based on international standards. All cities were visited to set up local structure; personnel were hired by Incan and trained in basic cancer registration in Merida. A specific software was developed. Regular virtual meetings took place for data verification and quality control. Data collection included institutions of the public and private health system. Personnel included 34 registrars, nine local leaders, and 12 staff members at the Incan. A total of 13 517 cases were recorded between 2017-2020, 64% percent of them were among females. Breast cancer was the more frequent malignancy (23.3%), followed by digestive organs with (18.4%) and female genital cancers (13.5%). Childhood (0-14 years) and adolescents cancer represented 4.4% of the total new cancer cases. The network was suspended in 2020. The present effort lacked sustainability and data were only partial. However, the experience provides valuable insights to be considered for the renewed cancer registration efforts that are currently ongoing in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Financial toxicity can increase healthcare costs, in addition to negatively impacting the therapeutic adherence and healthrelated quality of life of cancer patients within the public healthcare system. Objective: To correlate financial toxicity with the adults living with cancer health-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional, correlational study conducted with 179 patients receiving care from the Unified Health System in a capital city in southern Brazil. Data collection was performed from September 2021 to December 2022, using questionnaires containing sociodemographic and clinical data, and the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General. The correlation between financial toxicity and health-related quality of life was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient at a 5 % significance level. Results: The correlation between financial toxicity and health-related quality of life was 0.41 (p-value < 0.001). The financial toxicity and health-related quality of life scores were 20.1/44 and 73.3/108, respectively. Conclusion: This study has found that the lower the financial toxicity, the better the patients' health-related quality of life. In this sense, recognizing the presence of financial toxicity in the treatment course could help improve adherence to treatment and health-related quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study on screen, aims to discuss the nurse's orientation regarding the chemotherapy treatment of patients with breast câncer. An integrative review was used with a qualitative descriptive approach, in which 14 articles were captured, with a time frame from 2011 to 2020, through the Virtual Health Library platform, with the research question: How the nurse's guidance regarding the chemotherapy treatment of patients with breast cancer happen? With the careful analysis of the studies, the thematic unit “the nurse in front of the guidelines of patients undergoing chemotherapy” was obtained, which brought the points for guidance and awareness of the general condition. In conclusion, the analysis made it possible to understand the patient in the treatment of cancer and the importance of humanistic care, guidance and sensitive listening, in order to transform the difficult moment into struggle, cooperation and the will to live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: chemotherapy can contribute to the impairment of nutritional status and increased fatigue. Objective: the aim of this study is evaluate the influence of chemotherapy on nutritional status and oncological fatigue. Methods: this is a study with patients undergoing chemotherapy. Data collection was performed in the first chemotherapy session, in the middle and in the last session. Results: the final sample comprised 20 patients. There was an increase in the level of fatigue (p<0.05), and a difference between the percentage of weight loss (p<0.05). A direct relationship was found between fatigue and nutritional status (R= 0.484; p= 0.031). Conclusion: fatigue increase during chemotherapy and nutritional status worsens throughout the sessions, with a direct relationship between fatigue and nutritional status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)