Search

Avec la naissance de l’Internet, est apparu un nouveau genre littéraire en Chine appelé littérature Internet. Face à cette littérature ; nous rencontrons deux types de problèmes : ceux liés aux spécificités de la langue Internet, et ceux liés aux particularités de la culture chinoise. La cyberlittérature, sans être écrite dans l’argot des forums Internet, manie la langue avec une certaine liberté : jeux de mots, calembours, invention de mots et de termes… ce qui peut être déroutant même pour un lecteur chinois. Cependant, parallèlement à ce côté « moderne », voire « à la mode », la littérature Internet puise beaucoup dans la littérature traditionnelle, le fond religieux ancien et le folklore chinois en général, et manie donc des concepts et un vocabulaire difficile à transposer en langue occidentale. Dorénavant, deux dictionnaires en chinois consacrés à l’explication du vocabulaire et des expressions de la littérature Internet peuvent nous aider à travailler sur la traduction, mais la difficulté reste considérable pour la traduction en français. C’est un double travail : d’abord une explication du chinois en chinois, puis une traduction du chinois vers le français. De plus, lorsque cela est possible, il faut trouver une expression équivalente en français. Soon after Internet arrived in China, Internet literature, a new literary genre to suit a new media, was born. We face two major challenges translating Chinese Internet literature, namely, the Chinese “Internet langage”, and the Chinese culture itself. Web-literature, while not being written in Internet slang, is a tricky and playful langage, full of wordplay and neologisms, which can be disturbing enough even for a native reader. But in the same time, the Chinese Internet literature has its roots deep into tradition: classical literature, old popular religion and folklore. It thus carries concepts and vocabulary somewhat hard to translate into Western langages. Recently, two dictionaries about Internet literature specific terms and vocabulary have been published in China, and it can help us tremendously understanding web-literature, but the Chinese-French translation is still to be done. First you have to translate the “Internet Chinese” into ordinary Chinese, and then proceed to translate it into French, while trying not to lose its specificities in the process.

This research focuses on symbolic, artistic and representational issues linked to Web and connected systems, such as mobile phones and tablets. Because the screen, i.e. the monitor, is now considered in its mobility, it has to be perceived as a window opened toward the outside. However, the monitor also sketches a lanscape where cyberespace, beyond its logical nature, has to be combined with a reality that aftermath becomes fragmented and recomposed. This applies to the steps we spread while walking in the street, soon transcribed in data on our smartphone : from a simple walk to a track that edges into the city. In this context, city becomes a kind of text and digital artefacts participate to its rewriting, juxtaposing new maps. As city represents the fragmented and the multiple, cyberspace implies a vision of urbanity where man merges himself with technology in a specific way: virtual worlds, along with videogames, science-fiction litterature and movies bring us back to the cyberpunk movement, and before, with the ’shock’ of cities experienced during the modernity by Georg Simmel and Walter Benjamin. This chaos of senses, space and time which defines modern cities is also typical of a technological power that tends to lead the society. Far from orwellian visions, the current advanded technology, although it appears crossed by political, technological and social matters, has to be situated in the context of cybersensbility. Actually in this era of networks and mature technology stands a new vision of technology that implies new practices, new attempts, and makes the cybersensibility concept tangible, as it is opposed to a passive conception in the use of technologies.; Cette recherche porte sur les enjeux symboliques, artistiques et représentationnels liés à la démocratisation des appareils connectés. Car l’écran, désormais envisagé dans sa mobilité, fait non seulement office de fenêtre ouverte sur le monde (Alberti), mais plus encore, il compose un vaste paysage où le cyberespace, monde virtuel aujourd’hui à portée de tous, se combine avec un réel mis à distance, fragmenté, puis recomposé. Ainsi en va-t-il de nos trajectoires se dessinant sur Google Maps, de cette ville qui apparaît comme un nouveau texte à déchiffrer et sur laquelle les appareils connectés juxtaposent de nouvelles cartes. Dès lors se dessine, dans la frénésie informative que nous proposent ces objets techniques d’un nouveau genre, une vision de la technique participant de ce que Michel de Certeau appelait une ’sensibilité partagée’. Cette sensibilité, acquise à mesure que les dispositifs informatiques se sont perfectionnés, tisse de nouveaux réseaux d'associations entre l'individu et son milieu. Par conséquent, là où l’histoire et la théorie de l’art ont mis au jour un certain nombre de questions relatives à la surface, au cadre, au plan, la cybersensibilité actuelle s'inscrit dans une histoire non seulement technique, mais également optique. La ville, et sa symbolique du territoire, se présente non pas comme décor mais se donne à voir tel un terrain de jeu (sandbox) propice à de nouvelles explorations. Considérant ce maillage inédit de perspectives, nous garderons de la cybersensibilité sa formidable aptitude à reconsidérer le milieu urbain ou numérique suivant de multiples points de vue qui sont autant de nouvelles tactiques de nouvelles approches.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-10-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:28:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rizzo_mv_me_ia.pdf: 767034 bytes, checksum: 3506e63913dc76e50f11aa9d0fc53d40 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Esta pesquisa investiga as manifestações artísticas de projeção de vídeo em interação com o ambiente urbano como tela de projeção. Inicialmente serão abordadas as origens históricas e conceituais destas manifestações artísticas. A seguir serão introduzidas diversas obras e artistas inseridos nessa temática específica. A partir desse levantamento, propõe-se uma reflexão sobre as novas possibilidades de interação entre espectador, artista e obra surgidas a partir dessas manifestações This research is engaged on the investigation of artistic manifestations involving video projections interacting with urban environment or which make use of the city as a projection screen. From that, a reflection is proposed, about the new possibilities of interaction between spectator, artist and art, made possible through those artistic manifestations

La presente Tesis pretende provocar y ampliar el debate sobre el tema de las radios comunitarias en Brasil. Aunque sea un tema muy comentado en nuestra actualidad, todavía es poco estudiado dentro de su debida importancia en la comunicación científica. Esta investigación intentará demostrar como los indicadores económicos, sociales y políticos de Brasil interfirieron para que el pueblo llevase a cabo fuertes movilizaciones por la democratización de la distribución de las emisoras de radio en este País, alentando a que el gobierno crease una ley para regularizar las radios comunitarias en Brasil. El estudio irá discutir el gran interés de los políticos y empresarios en obtener una licencia para emitir basado en la posibilidad de la radio en ejercer influencia sobre la sociedad, transformando este medio de comunicación de masa, al final, en un medio vertical, cuestionado por muchos y principalmente por el pueblo. Hablaremos y haremos un breve repaso de los principales artículos de la Ley de las Radios Comunitarias, creada, sobre presión popular, por el Gobierno brasileño para regularizar la comunicación comunitaria en este gran País. Aunque hayan significado un importante paso para la reivindicación de políticas menos monopolistas de comunicación, despertando en las comunidades la urgencia de legislaciones más democráticas, con el trabajo de campo realizado en esta investigación, se ha descubierto que las radios comunitarias carecen de una movilización social más intensa. Se restringen demasiado a la aventura de romper con el monopolio estatal o con la postura comercial que nortea a los medios de comunicación, pero, sin embargo, a veces acaban repitiendo los mismos modelos que tanto critican., This work seeks to provoke and enlarge the discussion about the community radios in Brazil. Even though this is a hot topic nowadays, it has not been properly investigated in the context of scientific communication. The objective of the paper was to demonstrate how the economic, social, and political indicators of Brazil influenced the organization of a strong popular movement aimed at the democratization and distribution of radio stations in this country. The paper will discuss the interest of politicians and entrepreneurs in obtaining the license to broadcast, given the potentiality of the radio to exert influence upon the society, transforming this mass communication medium into a vertical medium, questioned by many, mainly by the people. We will speak and make a brief discussion of the main articles of the Law of the Community Radios, created under popular pressure by the Brazilian Government to regulate the community communication.

Tensor polarization observables (t20, t21 and t22) have been measured in elastic electron-deuteron scattering for six values of momentum transfer between 0.66 and 1.7 (GeV/c)^2. The experiment was performed at the Jefferson Laboratory in Hall C using the electron HMS Spectrometer, a specially designed deuteron magnetic channel and the recoil deuteron polarimeter POLDER. The new data determine to much larger Q^2 the deuteron charge form factors G_C and G_Q. They are in good agreement with relativistic calculations and disagree with pQCD predictions., 5 pages, 4 figures, for associated informations, see http://isnwww.in2p3.fr/hadrons/t20/t20_ang.html clarification about several topics, one figure has been had, extraction of form factors use AQ interpolation in our Q2 range only

In the theoretical framework of the left-right symmetric model, we report on the discovery potential for new charged gauge bosons (W/sub R//sup +/ and W/sub R//sup -/) as well as right-handed Majorana neutrinos (N/sub l/'s) at the future CERN LHC. The pp to W/sub R/ to lN/sub l/ signals have been simulated in the ATLAS detector. Discovery contours in the (m/sub WR/, m/sub Nl/) plane as well as a study of observable polarization effects are presented. (22 refs).

Is an image without frame possible ? The nowadays virtual realities could induce us to believe it, since the worlds they offer seem to have broken the usual limits of image. This article, on the contrary, tries to point that the notion of frame, although it can be reconsidered, remains one of the necessary conditions of representation.

Is an image without frame possible ? The nowadays virtual realities could induce us to believe it, since the worlds they offer seem to have broken the usual limits of image. This article, on the contrary, tries to point that the notion of frame, although it can be reconsidered, remains one of the necessary conditions of representation., Une image sans cadre est-elle possible ? Les “réalités virtuelles” disponibles aujourd'hui pourraient le laisser croire, tant les univers qu'elles proposent semblent avoir brisé les limites habituelles de l‘image. Cet article tente de montrer, au contraire, que la notion de cadre, si elle peut être repensée, reste une des conditions nécessaires à la représentation.

Les nouvelles technologies sont généralement pensées comme si elles constituaient seulement un champ technique que l'on pourrait mobiliser au profit de la transmission des savoirs sans que soit nécessaire une réflexion préalable sur leurs usages, les langages qui y sont à l'œuvre, ou encore l'ensemble des discours sociaux qui les accompagnent. Contre les présupposés technicistes aujourd'hui dominants, on essaiera de montrer à quel point la prise en compte de leur dimension symbolique est nécessaire : plus que de techniques, il s'agit de médias inscrits dans un ensemble de représentations, de valeurs, de pratiques sociales, bref, dans une forme de culture. Pour cette raison, on ne saurait en attendre une quelconque transparence : leur utilisation pour la transmission des connaissances nécessite alors une compréhension de leurs spécificités.

Fast and deep diffusion of metal electrode into chalcogenide amorphous semiconductor thin films has been observed below the glass transition temperature. This diffusion expressed in terms of “easy paths” is consistent with the simple model of Fisher. Complementary experiments under electrical field show that metal atoms carry positive charge and move faster, leading to different concentration profiles, obtained from α-particle backscattering experiments (up to 8 MeV). Two rates of diffusion are pointed out from the gold flux variation at the interface and from the evolution of the gold content inside the film, vs heating time. From the correlation to the electrical degradation rate of these devices, several comments are made on the possible mechanism.

Alpha particles backscattering has been used in order to study the thermal diffusion of gold electrodes into thin films of chalcogenide glasses. The performances of the method allowing approximately a 2000 A analyzing depth (below the front electrode or near the surface when only back electrode is concerned) diffusion profiles are obtained. If the gold diffusion into As can be considered as classical, following the Fick's law and showing a rather low activation energy (0.6 eV), the diffusion into AsTe is quite different. A flat and deep gold profile develops through the entire thickness of the film (still below the glass transition temperature). A tentative interpretation is proposed, based upon a “preferential path” diffusion, introducing a new diffusion coefficient aside the bulk one. Several significant features support this interpretation and suggest further investigations. Nevertheless we have already a good understanding of the electrical degradation of such devices trough, the correlation with the diffusion process.

Is an image without frame possible ? The nowadays virtual realities could induce us to believe it, since the worlds they offer seem to have broken the usual limits of image. This article, on the contrary, tries to point that the notion of frame, although it can be reconsidered, remains one of the necessary conditions of representation.