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Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to examine how gene mutation diversity and disease severity affect physical capacity and quality of life in children/adolescents with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF). Eighty children/adolescents (42 female, 38 male) diagnosed with FMF according to Tell-Hashomer diagnostic criteria were included in this study. Disease severity score (PRAS), running speed and agility and strength subtests of Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Second Edition Short Form (BOT-2 SF), Physical Activity Questionnaire, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0 Arthritis Module (PedsQL) was used for evaluation. Participants were divided into 2 groups as M694V and other mutations according to MEFV gene mutation and were divided into 3 groups as mild, moderate and severe according to PRAS. When the data were compared between groups; in terms of gene mutation, a significant difference was observed in treatment subtest of PedsQL-parent form in favor of the M694V gene mutation group (p < 0.05). In terms of PRAS, significant difference was seen in the pain, treatment subtests and total score of the PedsQL-child form, and in the pain, treatment, worry subtests and total score of the PedsQL-parent form in favor of the mild group (p < 0.05). MEFV gene mutations in children and adolescents with FMF did not differ on physical capacity and quality of life. PRAS was not effective on physical parameters, but quality of life decreased as the severity score increased. Encouraging children/adolescents with FMF to participate in physical activity and to support them psychosocially can be important to improve their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Septic shock is a potentially life-threatening condition. The aim of this study was to identify clinical and epidemiological factors associated with mortality in pediatric patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with septic shock. Materials and methods: A retrospective comparative case series study was conducted with children aged 1 month to 14 years with septic shock from 2018 to 2020 in a PICU in Lima, Peru. Patients were divided into deceased and survivor groups based on their condition at discharge from the PICU. The influence of each variable on mortality was assessed using a logistic regression model. Results: A total of 174 patients were included in the study, with 51 (29.3%) fatalities. Deceased patients, compared to survivors, were older, had a higher incidence of oncological disease (31.4% vs. 14.6%; p = 0.011), more frequently presented with hemoglobin = 9 g/dL (44% vs. 28%; p = 0.043), lactate > 2 mmol/L (70% vs. 44%; p = 0.002), platelets = 150 (×103)/µL (77% vs. 42%; p < 0.001), and pH = 7.1 (31% vs. 6%; p < 0.001). In the logistic regression model, factors related to mortality were having a pH = 7.1 (odds ratio [OR] = 8.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.52-31.75) and platelets = 150 (×103)/µL (OR = 3.89; 95% CI: 1.40-10.84). Conclusions: Factors associated with mortality in pediatric patients with septic shock were a pH = 7.1 and platelets = 150 (×103)/µL in the assessments conducted upon admission to the PICU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To estimate the prevalence of functional difficulties in Mexican children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years and calculate population profiles for 2021-2023. Materials and methods. We used the child functioning module developed by the Washington group and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (Unicef). We calculated prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and population profiles using logistic regression models. Results. We found that 18.1% of children aged 5 to 17 have functional difficulties, with a higher prevalence in girls. Anxiety, depression, and making friends were the domains with the highest prevalence. Being a girl, having an unmarried/not cohabiting mother with a secondary education are characteristics that increase the likelihood of having functional difficulties. Physical punishment is also positively associated with functional difficulties. Conclusion. Public policy should focus on facilitating access to screening, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation for children and adolescents with functional difficulties, especially if they have characteristics that increase the likelihood of these difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Emergency calls may help law enforcement determine the proper response and provide investigative leads. Time may be wasted and appropriate resources misallocated if callers provide untruthful information. However, human ability to detect deception is generally weak. Objectives: We compared the abilities of law enforcement officers and nonlaw enforcement staff abilities to correctly identify truthful or deceptive emergency calls reporting missing children using Grice's maxims of communication (quantity, manner, relation, and quality of information). Method: Forty participants listened to 32 emergency calls reporting a missing child. Sixteen callers truthfully reported not knowing the child's whereabouts, and sixteen were responsible for killing the child before falsely reporting the child missing. Participants rated the quantity (insufficient, appropriate, excessive), manner (clear/orderly, unclear/disorderly), relation (relevant, irrelevant), and quality (truthful, deceptive) of information. Participants also provided a written narrative of their impressions of the call. Results: Accuracy in identifying truthful and deceptive callers was consistent with prior research, with sworn law enforcement slightly outperforming non-sworn staff. Participant agreement on Grice's maxims was poor. Ratings of quantity, manner, and relation of information predicted judgments of call quality, but were not associated with accurately identifying calls. Participant narratives describing reasons for judging a call to be truthful or deceptive were also not associated with accurate identification. Conclusions: Our findings do not support the use of Grice's maxims for determining deception in emergency calls. Although law enforcement officers outperformed non-sworn staff, both groups showed inconsistent rationales to support veracity judgments and relied on cues not associated with accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: childhood obesity is one of the major health problem worldwide. Obesity is associated with low-level chronic inflammation resulting from inflammatory cytokine release in white adipose tissue. We aim to specify inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in children and adolescents to determine their relationship with obesity. Materials and methods: forty obese patients and 46 controls were included in the study from the pediatric clinic. Blood samples from the study group were centrifuged, and the sera were stored at -80 °C after separation. Serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-10 were determined using Human ELISA kits for TNF-alpha and IL-10. Results: serum samples from 86 children, including 45 girls (52.3 %) in the study group, were analyzed for TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels. TNF-alpha levels in the obese and control groups were 1.04 ± 0.79 and 0.60 ± 0.72 pg/ml, respectively (p = 0.010). Also, IL-10 levels in the obese and control groups were 0.76 ± 0.62 and 1.54 ± 0.71 pg/ml, respectively (p < 0.001). Gender was not identified as a factor for serum TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels (p = 0.281 and p = 0.477, respectively). Moreover, white blood cell (WBC) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were higher in the obese patient group than in the control group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.010, respectively). Conclusion: TNF-alpha levels were higher than control in obese patients and it was important in terms of showing that obesity triggers inflammation in the body. IL-10 levels, which inhibit inflammation, were lower in obese patients than controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud (RIICS) is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Maria Cano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud (RIICS) is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Maria Cano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: conocer el papel de la atención de enfermería en los cuidados paliativos para mejorar la calidad asistencial del niño con un proceso oncológico. Método: revisión bibliográfica de la literatura mediante la búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, la Biblioteca Cochrane Plus, la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, Scopus y Web Of Science. Los descriptores de los tesauros DeCS y MeSH se unieron mediante los operadores booleanos AND y OR. Resultados: tras la búsqueda se obtuvieron 305 artículos, incluyendo finalmente 13 artículos para realizar la revisión tras la aplicación de los criterios de selección. La Biblioteca Virtual de Salud fue la base de datos con mayor número de artículos incluidos (n=6). Los estudios cualitativos fueron los más predominantes con un total de 9 artículos incluidos (69,23%). Conclusiones: la atención de enfermería influye en la calidad asistencial de los cuidados paliativos de los niños con un proceso oncológico, ya que es el personal que más tiempo pasa con los pacientes. Existen diversos factores que influyen en la calidad de los cuidados paliativos pediátricos como es el control del dolor, así como diferentes barreras que dificultan la integración de los cuidados paliativos pediátricos, encontrando entre ellas la falta de formación del personal de enfermería.

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. Los niños requieren especial dedicación para lograr espirometrías de calidad. Objetivo. Este trabajo evalúa la frecuencia de maniobras aceptables en escolares, la utilidad de gestos de incentivo para optimizar la obtención de pruebas de alta calidad y realiza un análisis de ajuste a varias ecuaciones de referencia. Materiales y Métodos. Se realizaron maniobras espiratorias forzadas en un grupo de escolares de Asunción- Paraguay, escogiendo variables recomendadas para la interpretación en un espirómetro portátil, para evaluar la frecuencia de pruebas de calidad. Aquellos que no consiguieron estudios aceptables, fueron sometidos a un entrenamiento con silbato en rollo (juguete) para evaluar el desempeño ulterior. Los resultados de alta calidad fueron pareados a valores esperados determinados por diversas ecuaciones buscando evaluar el grado de adecuación. Resultados. De 113 escolares, el 58,4% pudo conseguir maniobras de grado A o B. Después del estímulo con el silbato en rollo, la frecuencia de estudios aceptables ascendió a 79,6%. Los parámetros de referencia con mejor ajuste fueron aquellos determinados por la Global Lung Initiative (GLI). Conclusión. Los incentivos lúdicos son una alternativa para optimizar la obtención de pruebas de espirometría en escolares, que con el uso de parámetros de GLI adecuarían el manejo clínico de ciertas enfermedades respiratorias.

Introduction: Childhood excess weight is a growing public health problem. The aim of this study was to assess temporal trends in the prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity in schoolchildren aged 6–9 years in Spain between 2011 and 2019 based on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Methodology: The analysis included data from the 2011, 2015 and 2019 rounds of the cross-sectional observational and descriptive ALADINO study in schoolchildren of both sexes aged 6–9 years. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity (defined according to the criteria of the World Health Organization and the International Obesity Task Force) and of central obesity, in addition to associated demographic and socioeconomic variables. Results: Between 2011 and 2019, the prevalence of overweight (WHO criteria) decreased in boys aged 6, 7 and 8 years (by −5.4%, −5.7% and −5.3%, respectively) and boys whose parents had a higher educational attainment (by −5.3%). In relation to the socioeconomic level, overweight in boys declined at all income levels. However, between 2011 and 2019, both the prevalence of overweight in girls and the prevalence of obesity (applying the WHO and IOTF criteria) and the prevalence of central obesity in both sexes remained stable. Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight and the prevalence of obesity in schoolchildren aged 6–9 years in Spain remain high. Between 2011 and 2019, the prevalence of overweight in children aged 6–8 years and in children whose parents had university degrees decreased, whereas obesity in boys, overweight and obesity in girls and central obesity in both sexes remained stable. Resumen: Introducción: El exceso de peso infantil es un problema de salud pública creciente. El objetivo del trabajo es estudiar la evolución de la prevalencia de sobrepeso, obesidad y obesidad central en escolares de 6 a 9 años en España entre 2011 y 2019 según características demográficas y socioeconómicas. Metodología: Se incluyeron las rondas 2011, 2015 y 2019 del estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal ALADINO en escolares de ambos sexos de 6 a 9 años. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de la evolución de la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad según los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), así como obesidad central, y las variables demográficas y socioeconómicas asociadas. Resultados: Entre 2011 y 2019 se redujo la prevalencia de sobrepeso (critrerios OMS) en niños de 6, 7 y 8 años (−5,4, −5,7 y −5,3 puntos porcentuales respectivamente) y niños cuyos progenitores tenían estudios superiores (−5,3 puntos porcentuales). Por renta, el sobrepeso en niños se redujo en todos los niveles de ingresos. Sin embargo, entre 2011 y 2019, se mantuvieron estables tanto la prevalencia de sobrepeso en niñas como la prevalencia de obesidad según las referencias OMS e IOTF y la de obesidad central en ambos sexos. Conclusiones: Las prevalencias de sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares de 6 a 9 años en España siguen siendo altas. Entre 2011 y 2019 disminuyó la prevalencia de sobrepeso en niños de 6 a 8 años y aquellos cuyos progenitores tienen estudios universitarios, mientras que la obesidad en niños, el sobrepeso y la obesidad en niñas, y la obesidad central en ambos sexos han permanecido estables.

We intuit that children would no longer have a childhood. Childhood, commonly regarded as a natural stage of life, would be in the process of disappearing. To examine this intuition, we resort to the studies of Philippe Ariès (1960) about the emergence of the modern childhood feeling and those ones of Neil Postman's (1982) about its current and gradual disappearance. We wonder if there would be a more appropriate feeling of childhood to the development of 'children' than any other. In other words, we question if there would be an 'adapted' childhood. For this, we make use of the conceptual tools of psychoanalysis. We subvert the classic imaginary pairs adult-child and adult-minor, typical of the field of developmental psychologies, and propose to think about the educational process considering the pair of terms old-infants. In so doing, we are leaving aside the idea of a childlike essence, and presenting the thesis of a three-phase childhood operating in the field of word and language. This symbolic operator is responsible for the institution within the educational process of the always-plural childhoods, according to times and geographies, as well as for the childish, no longer understood as a qualifying adjective, but rather as a noun as conceived by Sigmund Freud. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Arthrofibrosis is a challenging complication associated with knee injuries in both children and adults. While much is known about managing arthrofibrosis in adults, it is necessary to understand its unique aspects and management strategies in the pediatric population. This paper provides an overview of arthrofibrosis in pediatric orthopedic surgery, focusing on its causes, implications, classifications, and management. This paper is a comprehensive review of the literature and existing research on arthrofibrosis in pediatric patients. Arthrofibrosis is characterized by excessive collagen production and adhesions, leading to restricted joint motion and pain. It is associated with an immune response and fibrosis within and around the joint. Arthrofibrosis can result from various knee injuries in pediatric patients, including tibial spine fractures, ACL and PCL injuries, and extra-articular procedures. Technical factors at the time of surgery play a role in the development of motion loss and should be addressed to minimize complications. Preventing arthrofibrosis through early physical therapy is recommended. Non-operative management, including dynamic splinting and serial casting, has shown some benefits. New pharmacologic approaches to lysis of adhesions have shown promise. Surgical interventions, consisting of arthroscopic lysis of adhesions (LOA) and manipulation under anesthesia (MUA), can significantly improve motion and functional outcomes. Arthrofibrosis poses unique challenges in pediatric patients, demanding a nuanced approach that includes prevention, early intervention with non-operative means, and improvements in surgical techniques. Modern pharmacological interventions offer promise for the future. Customized interventions and research focused on pediatric patients are critical for optimal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adaptive behavior (AB) concerns skills that enable individuals to be independent. It may be affected by different diagnoses, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study's objective was to investigate AB differences between children and adolescents aged 4 to 21 with ASD only, ASD with other health conditions, and those with typical development and to verify the effects of sociodemographic variables on AB outcomes among individuals with ASD. The sample comprised the caregivers of 309 children and adolescents aged 4 to 21 assigned to a non-clinical group (n = 181) and two clinical subgroups: one for ASD only (n = 47) a nd t he o ther f or A SD w ith c omorbidities (n = 81). ANOVA and T-tests were performed, followed by a bootstrap process to ensure the normality and homogeneity of results. Significant deficits were found in the individuals diagnosed with ASD in all three domains of AB. A significant difference was found in the practical domain between the clinical subgroups. The respondents' educational level and the type of school children and adolescents attended affected the conceptual domain. Sex, on the other hand, only showed an effect in the practical domain. The conclusion is that individuals with ASD present differences in the three domains of adaptive behavior, and sociodemographic characteristics also play a role. However, further studies considering other variables that may influence the findings are needed, to ensure greater reliability of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: the number of infants and children who receive artificial nutrition at home has been steadily increasing over the last decades, as better outcomes for children with chronic conditions have been achieved. In order to evaluate the need of resources to implement the technique it is necessary to know how many patients benefit from home artificial nutrition. This information can be estimated from the register of patients, when available. Methods: in this paper the characteristics of all registers were reviewed, especially those devoted to pediatric patients. Results: only two pediatric registers are active in 2023: the Canadian register and the Spanish one. NADYA register from the Spanish Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SENPE) and the recent REPAFI, form the Spanish Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. The most valuable register from the British Society, BANS, stopped providing information in 2018. Conclusion: despite the fact of acknowledging the importance of having gathered information on the prevalence and incidence of home artificial nutrition, to fit resources to necessities, the number of active registers is quite short. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mental health is one of the current pillars of global health; therefore, it is considered an essential factor in the wellbeing and quality of human life. The dramatic growth in the incidence and prevalence of mental disorders has brought about a burden of silent and unsustainable disease for healthcare systems, especially in younger age groups such as children and adolescents. Although major depressive disorder, anxious syndrome, and conduct and eating disorders are some of the most frequent in this age group, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is also an entity of interest affecting between 5% and 10% of children. There exists a pharmacological treatment for this condition, and it is based on stimulant and nonstimulant medications. Evidence of the highest quality has recently demonstrated that children and adolescents who were administered ADHD medications had a higher risk of some cardiovascular event compared to those who were not. Considering the impact and relevance of ADHD in the child and adolescent populations at present, as well as the use of drugs for its control, it is imperative to have evidence of the highest quality for decision-making in clinical practice. To date, there is no evidence in Spanish that has synthesized and analyzed this phenomenon. Based on the foregoing, the objective of this review is to analyze the most recent evidence of the association between cardiovascular risk and pharmacotherapy in pediatric patients with ADHD. A literature search was conducted using the search terms "Cardiovascular Risk," "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder," and "Pediatrics," in addition to synonyms, which were combined with the operators "AND" and "OR," in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases. After reviewing the most recent literature, it was identified that the quality of the current evidence regarding the association between increased cardiovascular risk secondary to pharmacotherapy in children and adolescents with ADHD is very low, heterogeneous, and fragmented. Nevertheless, the trend suggests that there may be a potential risk of the alteration of hemodynamic parameters, essentially heart rate and blood pressure, without involving the frequent or significant occurrence of serious cardiovascular adverse events. However, the evidence suggests continuous monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objective: The main causes of vertigo in childhood are benign and have a favorable prognosis, the most prevalent being recurrent vertigo of childhood and vestibular migraine [1]. Less frequent are the central causes of vertigo, but most of them are associated with serious and lifethreatening disorders, hence the importance of making an early diagnosis and thus being able to start a specific treatment for each pathology. Method: A narrative review of the literature in the Pubmed, Dialnet and SciELO databases of articles published on causes of central vertigo in childhood in the last 15 years has been carried out. Conclusions: The structural core causes of vertigo in childhood are varied and rare. They are characterized by associating the vestibular clinic with other central neurological symptoms and headache. the seriousness of some of them, it is necessary to make an early diagnosis through imaging tests, mainly MRI, and start a specific treatment as soon as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objective: Within acute and episodic childhood vertigos, those secondary to trauma, otitis media, neuritis/labyrinthitis, perilymphatic fistula, Ménière's disease, vestibular paroxysmia, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and bilateral vestibulopathy account for around 10% of all cases of infant vestibular disorders. Diagnosis must be early accomplished based on the defining criteria, although in children there are other accessory criteria that should be considered (behavioral changes, digestive, etc...). The treatment should achieve prompt symptomatic resolution of the crises, prevention or reduction of recurrences, minimization and palliation of sequelae and maximum normalization of daily life and activities. Objective: To carry out a brief and practical review on the symptoms, the diagnostic criteria and the treatment of infantile vertigo in the previously mentioned topics. Method: Narrative review using PubMed, Fisterra, ClinicalKey and Google Scholar. Results: Citations were obtained, of which non-significant ones were discarded due to their general nature, age, non-relevance according to the authors' criteria, or non-availability in English or Spanish. A total of 60 articles were considered for this review. Discussion: Narrative review on the topics described. Conclusions: The diagnostic criteria and treatment for the topics proposed in this chapter are defined for adults; however, in children, we must consider accessory criteria for a prompt diagnosis. The treatment is conditioned by age and is based on several pillars (pharmacological, lifestyle, rehabilitation and psychological). The prognosis, in general, is better than that of adults due to childhood neural plasticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Report the prevalence and severity of the most common allergic diseases in children living in Monterrey, México. Methods: Cross-sectional multi-center survey on the most common allergic diseases, completed by parents of 6-7-year-old children and by 13-14- year-old adolescents in the Monterrey metropolitan area, between January 2018 and December 2019. Results: A total of 3,044 questionnaires were eligible for the analysis. Among children between 6-7 years old, 30.2% (n = 143/473) presented wheezing at any time in their life; with a higher prevalence in the male population. In the adolescent group, 26.4% reported having experienced wheezing at some point in their life, with a slight predominance in the female group (54.9%). Conclusions: Knowing the prevalence of allergic diseases in our population gives us tools to generate strategies that allow us to provide the best quality healthcare to our patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú is the property of Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La diarrea aguda es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial. Si bien la base fundamental de su tratamiento es la administración adecuada de líquidos y electrolitos, otros productos como los probióticos (microorganismos vivos no patógenos), han sido evaluados con la finalidad de ofrecer una alternativa terapéutica para prevenir complicaciones. En la práctica del médico de familia, es frecuente que los padres de niños con diarrea aguda consulten sobre el uso de probióticos. Luego de realizar una búsqueda bibliográfica y seleccionar la evidencia más reciente y de mejor calidad, consideramos que si bien los estudios indicarían que algunos probióticos podrían ser beneficiosos para disminuir la duración y frecuencia de la diarrea aguda en niños, las investigaciones analizadas no arrojan resultados concluyentes.

Contexto: el hipotiroidismo subclínico se define como el hallazgo de un nivel de tirotropina por encima del límite superior del rango de referencia del laboratorio, asociado a valores de tiroxina libre y triyodotironina total normales, sin manifestaciones clínicas francas de hipofunción tiroidea. En niños y adolescentes, la terapia farmacológica en el hipotiroidismo subclínico leve no tiene indicaciones bien establecidas. Objetivo: resaltar los criterios etiológicos, clínicos y bioquímicos que pueden favorecer la decisión del tratamiento con levotiroxina en hipotiroidismo subclínico en pediatría. Metodología: mediante la revisión de la literatura, se buscó evidencia sobre hipotiroidismo subclínico en menores de 18 años y las consideraciones para el uso de suplencia de levotiroxina. Resultados: el hipotiroidismo subclínico en pediatría puede ser transitorio o evolucionar a hipotiroidismo manifiesto. La etiología más común de hipotiroidismo subclínico en pediatría es la autoinmune, sin embargo, en muchas ocasiones no se logra identificar la causa subyacente. Existen factores como el aumento progresivo de la tirotropina, la presencia de bocio o la autoinmunidad, que pueden indicar necesidad de suplencia de levotiroxina. Conclusiones: el manejo en casos de hipotiroidismo subclínico grave es claro, en casos leves (TSH menor de 10mUI/l) se deben explorar factores asociados para decidir el comienzo de levotiroxina.

Introduction: Child sexual abuse is a global and multidimensional social problem and causes devastating and permanent psychological, emotional, cognitive, behavioural, physical, sexual and interpersonal sequelae. This study examines the relationship between the ability to say “no” and parental awareness of sexual abuse in 4th grade primary school students. Methods: The study was conducted between April 2022 and June 2022 in primary schools in the central district of a province in north-eastern Turkey. The sample consisted of 310 students enrolled in 4th grade and their parents. We collected the data through a personal information form, the Ability to Say “No” Scale for Children and the Sexual Abuse Awareness Scale for Parents. Results: There was a weak positive correlation between the mean maternal scores of sexual abuse awareness and the mean scores of refusal and resistance in children (P < .05), as well as a weak positive correlation between the mean paternal scores of sexual abuse awareness and the mean scores of refusal and resistance in children (P < .05). Conclusion: As mothers’ and fathers’ awareness of sexual abuse myths and of teachings and actions to combat sexual abuse increased, the refusal of children also increased. Also, as fathers’ awareness of the signs of sexual abuse increased, children’s refusal increased. Resumen: Introducción: El abuso sexual infantil es un problema social global y multidimensional que provoca resultados devastadores y permanentes en las relaciones psicológicas, emocionales, cognitivas, conductuales, físicas, sexuales e interpersonales. Este estudio examina la relación entre la capacidad de decir ''no'' y la conciencia de madres y padres sobre el abuso sexual en estudiantes de 4º de primaria. Métodos: El estudio se realizó entre abril de 2022 y junio de 2022 en escuelas primarias de un distrito central provincial en el noreste de Turquía. La muestra del estudio estuvo formada por 310 alumnos de 4º de primaria y sus madres y padres. Compilamos los datos del estudio con el Formulario de Información Personal, la Escala de Capacidad para Decir “No” para Niños y la Escala de Conciencia de Abuso Sexual para Padres. Resultados: Hubo una correlación positiva débil (p

Introduction: Pseudotumor cerebri (PC) in prepubertal patients displays certain characteristics that differentiate it from its presentation at the postpubertal stage. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of paediatric patients diagnosed with PC at our centre and to compare them according to their pubertal status. Patients and methods: We included patients aged between 1 and 18 years who were diagnosed with PC in a tertiary-level hospital between 2006 and 2019 and who met the updated diagnostic criteria for PC. They were classified according to body weight and pubertal status. Subsequently, we analysed results from lumbar punctures, neuroimaging studies, ophthalmological assessments, and treatments received during follow-up. Results: We included 28 patients, of whom 22 were of prepubertal age and 6 were of postpubertal age. The mean age (standard deviation) was 9.04 (2.86) years. Among the postpubertal patients, 83.3% were boys, 66.7% of whom presented overweight/obesity. In the group of prepubertal patients, 27% were boys, 31.8% of whom were overweight. The most frequent symptoms were headache (89.9%) and blurred vision (42.9%). All patients presented papilloedema, and 21.4% manifested sixth nerve palsy. Possible triggers were identified in 28.6% of cases. Nineteen percent of patients presented clinical recurrence, all of whom were prepubertal patients. Complete clinical resolution was achieved in 55.6% of patients. Conclusion: Prepubertal patients with PC show lower prevalence of obesity, higher prevalence of secondary aetiologies, and higher recurrence rates than postpubertal patients. Resumen: Introducción: El Síndrome de Pseudotumor Cerebri (SPTC) en pacientes prepuberales presenta características que lo diferencian respecto a su presentación en la etapa postpuberal. Nuestro objetivo es describir las características de los pacientes diagnosticados de SPTC pediátrico en nuestro centro y compararlas en función de su estado puberal. Pacientes y métodos: Se incluyeron a los pacientes diagnosticados de SPTC en un hospital de tercer nivel entre los años 2006 y 2019 con edades comprendidas entre 1 y 18 años que cumplieran los criterios diagnósticos actualizados del SPTC. Se clasificaron en función de su estado puberal y peso corporal. Posteriormente, se analizaron los datos de las punciones lumbares, estudios de neuroimagen, valoraciones oftalmológicas, así como el régimen terapéutico recibido a lo largo de su seguimiento. Resultado: Se recogieron 28 pacientes, 22 prepuberales y 6 postpuberales, con edad media de 9,04 ± 2,86 años. El 83,3% de los pacientes postpuberales eran varones presentando sobrepeso/obesidad en el 66,7%. Eran varones el 27% de los pacientes prepuberales, de ellos asociaban sobrepeso el 31,8%. La sintomatología más frecuente fue cefalea (89,9%) y visión borrosa (42,9%). Todos los pacientes presentaron papiledema; un 21,4% de los casos presentaron parálisis del VI par. Se identificó un posible desencadenante en un 28,6%. El 19% presentaron recurrencia clínica, siendo todos ellos prepuberales. La resolución clínica completa se produjo en el 55,6% de los pacientes. Conclusión: Pacientes con SPTC presentan menor prevalencia de obesidad en la etapa prepuberal, junto con un mayor porcentaje de etiologías secundarias y tasa de recurrencia que los pacientes postpuberales.

La lateralidad es un constructo relevante por su repercusión en el desarrollo motor, los procesos de aprendizaje y el rendimiento deportivo. Existe una serie de estudios que han identificado una relación entre determinados perfiles de lateralidad y una mayor versatilidad en las acciones motoras. Dicha relación no se ha explorado en el ámbito escolar ni con personas en las primeras etapas del desarrollo deportivo. Este estudio pretendía describir la distribución porcentual de los tipos de preferencia lateral (ocular, de dirección, de giro, manual, de pie, cruzada) en una muestra de escolares (deportistas vs. no deportistas) y explorar su posible relación con la creatividad motora (fluidez y originalidad). Participaron en el estudio 500 escolares (220 niñas y 280 niños) de 9.05 ± 1.86 años. El ojo dominante y la dirección de rotación se identificaron mediante pruebas estandarizadas. La preferencia lateral de manos y pies se evaluó mediante la observación durante la participación en juegos deportivos. Se utilizaron dos situaciones de prueba durante el juego (GTS, por sus siglas en inglés) para evaluar los parámetros de creatividad motora (fluidez y originalidad). El porcentaje de lateralidad izquierda y cruzada fue significativamente mayor en el grupo de escolares que practicaban deporte. Las pruebas t revelaron un rendimiento creativo superior (fluidez y originalidad) en los escolares con preferencia por el sentido de rotación hacia el lado izquierdo o con lateralidad cruzada. Los valores d de Cohen muestran vinculación cuando la creatividad se evalúa a través de situaciones de juego con interacción directa de los jugadores. Los resultados sugieren una vinculación entre la preferencia lateral y una mayor fluidez de movimientos y originalidad, lo cual sería interesante para detectar talentos y diseñar programas.

Foundation: childhood obesity constitutes a Public Health problem of widespread concern today. Objective: evaluate the implementation of an action program aimed at reducing the rate of childhood obesity in the population under study. Methods: a quasi-experimental study, before-after type without a control group, was carried out in children between 7 and 15 years old residing in Ambato, Ecuador, during the year 2022; The sample consisted of 350 children. The study was carried out in three phases; the first: for the diagnosis of knowledge patterns and gaps; the second: for the design and validation of the intervention program; and the third: to evaluate its effectiveness. Results: obese patients predominated in an age range of 13 years or more and were female. 86 % of patients showed excessive consumption of sweets and snacks, spending more than 30 hours a week in front of digital devices, and 73.1 % showed inappropriate family behaviors. An educational program was proposed with 5 sessions that includes: objectives, content and specific evaluations. The post-evaluation found a significant variation (p < 0.01) in the number of obese children, regular consumption of fruits and vegetables, and time spent in front of digital media. Conclusions: an educational intervention strategy was designed, aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles, both in children and in their parents and institutions. The intervention was effective in modifying the number of obese children, the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables, and the time spent in front of digital media.

The AEP Immunization Calendar for 2024, with its immunization recommendations for pregnant women, children and adolescents residing in Spain, marks the 25th edition since the first one was introduced in 1995, being annual since 2003, as a vaccination calendar, and since 2023 as immunization schedule due to the inclusion of a monoclonal antibody for the prevention of RSV disease. Novelties for this year include the following: • Tables of systematic immunizations for healthy people and those belonging to risk groups. • Although vaccination recommendations were previously made for pregnant women, they have been now included in the table and a specific section has been created. • Vaccination against pneumococcus is recommended with one of the new expanded valence conjugate vaccines, replacing PCV13. • It is recommended to replace the meningococcus C vaccine at 4 months of age with the MenACWY vaccine, thus leaving the recommended schedule as 1 + 1 + 1 (4 months, 12 months and 12 years, with a catch-up for adolescents up to 18 years). • The intranasal flu vaccine is recommended as the preferred vaccine for people over 2 years of age. • Following the proposals of the WHO, ECDC and CISNS, vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is now recommended only for people over 6 months of age with risk factors, using vaccines containing the XBB.1 lineage. Vaccination recommendations against covid in pediatrics will be updated periodically on the CAV-AEP website.The rest of the recommendations from the previous calendar remain unchanged. Resumen: El Calendario de Inmunizaciones de la AEP para 2024, con sus recomendaciones de inmunización para embarazadas, niños y adolescentes residentes en España, hace el número 25 desde el primero presentado en 1995, siendo anual desde 2003, como calendario de vacunaciones, y desde 2023 como calendario de inmunizaciones por la inclusión de un anticuerpo monoclonal para la prevención de la enfermedad por VRS. Como novedades de este año, se encuentran las siguientes: • Tabla de inmunizaciones sistemáticas para personas sanas y otra para pertenecientes a grupos de riesgo. • Aunque ya anteriormente se hacían recomendaciones de vacunación en embarazadas, se han añadido a la tabla y se ha creado un apartado específico. • Se recomienda la vacunación frente al neumococo con una de las nuevas vacunas conjugadas de valencia ampliada, en sustitución de VNC13. • Se recomienda la sustitución de la vacuna frente al meningococo C a los 4 meses de edad por la vacuna MenACWY, quedando la pauta recomendada como 1 + 1 + 1 (4 meses, 12 meses y 12 años, manteniendo el rescate en adolescentes hasta los 18 años). • Se recomienda la vacuna intranasal frente a gripe como la preferente en mayores de 2 años. • Siguiendo las propuestas de OMS, ECDC y CISNS, la vacunación frente al SARS-CoV-2 pasa a ser recomendada solo para personas mayores de 6 meses con factores de riesgo, con preparados que contengan el linaje XBB.1. Las recomendaciones de vacunación contra la covid en pediatría se actualizarán periódicamente en la web del CAV-AEP.Se mantienen el resto de las recomendaciones del calendario anterior.

Introduction: Gamification consists of the use of games in non-playful contexts. It is widely employed in the motor rehabilitation of neurological diseases, but mainly in adult patients. The objective of this review was to describe the use of gamification in the rehabilitation of children and adolescents with neuromotor impairment. Methods: We performed a systematic review of clinical trials published to date on the MEDLINE (PubMed), Scielo, SCOPUS, Dialnet, CINAHL, and PEDro databases, following the PRISMA protocol. The methodological quality of the studies identified was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: From a total of 469 studies, 11 clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. We analysed the gamification systems used as part of the rehabilitation treatment of different neuromotor conditions in children and adolescents. Cerebral palsy was the most frequently studied condition (6 studies), followed by developmental coordination disorder (3), neurological gait disorders (1), and neurological impairment of balance and coordination (1). Conclusion: The use of gamification in rehabilitation is helpful in the conventional treatment of neuromotor disorders in children and adolescents, with increased motivation and therapeutic adherence being the benefits with the greatest consensus among authors. While strength, balance, functional status, and coordination also appear to improve, future research should aim to determine an optimal dosage. Resumen: Introducción: La ludificación consiste en emplear el juego en contextos no lúdicos. Su uso en la rehabilitación motora de patologías neurológicas está muy extendido, pero sobre todo en pacientes adultos. El objetivo de esta revisión fue describir el uso de la ludificación en los tratamientos de rehabilitación en niños y adolescentes con afectación neuromotora. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos en diferentes bases de datos: Medline (a través de Pubmed), Scielo, SCOPUS, Dialnet, Cinahl y PEDro de la literatura científica publicada hasta la fecha siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA. La calidad metodológica de los estudios identificados se evaluó a través de la escala PEDro. Resultados: De un total de 469 estudios localizados se seleccionaron 11 ensayos clínicos que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se analizaron los sistemas de ludificación utilizados como parte del tratamiento rehabilitador en distintas afecciones neuromotoras en niños y adolescentes. La Parálisis Cerebral fue la afección con mayor número de estudios (n = 6) seguida del Trastorno del Desarrollo de la Coordinación (n = 3). También se estudió la alteración de la marcha por causa neurológica (n = 1) y la alteración del equilibrio y coordinación por causa neurológica (n = 1). Conclusión: El uso de la ludificación en rehabilitación aporta beneficios al tratamiento convencional de las alteraciones neuromotoras en niños y adolescentes siendo el incremento de la motivación y adherencia terapéutica los que mayor consenso han alcanzado entre autores. Fuerza, equilibrio, funcionalidad y coordinación son otras variables analizadas que, si bien sugieren mejoras, necesitarían futuras investigaciones para determinar una óptima dosificación.

The relationship between diet and sleep has been studied in adults. However, there is little evidence in the pediatric population. The objective of this review was to analyze in a narrative way the relationship between diet, some nutritional aspects and sleep quality in population under 14 years. A quick review was performed in MEDLINE (PubMed) and Cochrane with a search strategy combining MeSH terms and keywords. Studies were selected to estimate diet and evaluate nutritional status and sleep in children using different tools. The risk of bias from the 14 selected studies was determined with validated tools (AMSTAR 2, Newcastle Ottawa scale [NOS] and Risk of Bias [Rob2]). Adherence to some dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean, high consumption of fruits and vegetables, tryptophan intake or substitution of saturated fatty acids by unsaturated fats were associated with better sleep quality. The consumption of ultra-processed products, the "unhealthy fast food" or the high intake of simple sugars hinder an adequate rest. On the other hand, an association between a high body mass index and lack of sleep was observed in young people under 14. In conclusion, the collected studies showed a significant association between some dietary patterns, food groups and nutrients with sleep quality. "Unhealthy" dietary factors were associated with poorer sleep quality. However, healthier and recommended habits and diets were associated with improved sleep hygiene. On the other hand, the lack of hours of rest in the youth population increases height, weight and BMI. Further research is needed in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]