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Subject. Ledentsov Society - Russia’s first private science foundation, combining the interests of business, science and society. Research hypotheses: The first - at the beginning of the twentieth century in Russia, traditionally gravitating to the European tradition, public organizations were created aimed at the connection of science and business, one of them was the Ledentsov Society; The second is how the Ledentsov Society formed a new entrepreneurial ecosystem in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century; Third - one of the most important results of the activity of the Ledentsov Society was the support of the scientific school of production organization at the Imperial Moscow Technical School. The topic of creating private scientific foundations of the early twentieth century is mainly related to the study of foreign experience. This article attempts to present a different point of view representing Russian researchers. Methodology. Narrative, comparative, and historical research methods are used. Results. As a result of the study, it was shown that in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century, the creation of the Ledentsov Society became an important element of the new entrepreneurial ecosystem. Conclusions. The Ledentsov Society is closely connected with the creation of a new scientific school for the organization of production at IMTU. N. Czarnowski is not only the creator of a scientific school, but also the author of the world’s first production organization textbook.