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In this paper, a safe transportation route design for Indian army in defense zonal areas is presented. Safe Transportation route for Indian Army focusses to deny the entry of any foreign and unidentified vehicles to enter the army camp or the manufacturing plant of dangerous goods (DG) or any highrisk area. This consists of Arduino Uno, Servo Motor, an Ultrasonic Sensor, a 9V Battery and a buzzer. The Arduino has been coded in such a way that when a foreign vehicle tries to enter, the roadway will automatically get blocked. This also focuses on restricting such cases too. To avoid the accidents to a certain extent, this mechanism can be implemented as per required. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka.

The main purpose of this Room Temperature Controller is to control the temperature of the room or any closed spaces whose temperature keeps fluctuating and thus requires a constant watch on the temperature of the room. The use of this system eliminates constant watching on the device by self controlling the temperature of the system. Our proposed project consists of digital temperature sensors for more accurate temperature control in various industries. Our system overcomes the disadvantages of thermostat/analog systems in terms of accuracy. This system can be used in any firm or organization where it is very important to maintain precise temperatures. LCD display is used to display the temperature and when the temperature exceeds the set limit, the lamp is switched off in order to control the temperature. The heater is demonstrated with the help of a lamp. After the heater is switched off, the AC(cooling device) is switched ON. Here AC is demonstrated with the help of small fan. After the AC is switched ON, it remains ON until the temperature reaches below the exceed limit. Thus the system keeps on switching ON/OFF the heater or the AC for automatically controlling the temperature of the system. The system uses a digital temperature sensor in order to detect temperature and pass on the data to the microcontroller. The 8051 microcontroller processes data and sends the temperature to be displayed on LCD screen. The display consists of 7 segment display unit to display up to 4 numbers.]

The work presented in this paper highlights about the design & development of an LED indicator for various of engineering applications. The project is designed to develop distance measurement system using ultrasonic waves and interfaced with Arduino. We know that human audible range is 20hz to 20khz. We can utilize these frequency range waves through ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04.The advantages of this sensor when interfaced with Arduino which is a control and sensing system, a proper distance measurement can be made with new techniques. As large amounts are spent for hundreds of inflexible circuit boards, the Arduino will allow businessto bring many more unique devices. This distance measurement system can be widely used as range meters and as proximity detectors in industries. The hardware part of ultrasonic sensor is interfaced with Arduino. This method of measurement is efficient way to measure small distances precisely. The distance of an obstacle from the sensor is measured through ultrasonic sensor. After knowing the speed of sound the distance can be calculated. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka

This paper gives the design & development of a carbon monoxide detector. Living in cities is convenient in many ways such as high-quality public services such as healthcare and education. However, for all the advantages offered by city living, it has not come without its own costs. Pollutant levels such as Carbon Monoxide in urban environments are sometimes unacceptably high. In many heavily urbanized areas, particularly in the developing world such as China, India and Brazil, carbon monoxide detectors often register levels many times higher than accepted ‘safe’ levels. Unfortunately, this is by no means a problem exclusive to the developing world, with many major cities as far afield as Singapore, Seoul, London, New York and Los Angeles also regularly experiencing unsafe Carbon Monoxide levels. (CO) is a colourless, odourless gas which at high levels can cause serious illness and death. CO alarms are widely available and should be considered a backup to BUT NOT A REPLACEMENT for proper installation, use, and maintenance of fuel-burning appliances. CO alarms are designed to warn you of any unusual build-up of CO in your home. These higher levels of CO may occur from improperly maintained, installed or used fuel-burning appliances, back drafting appliances or fireplaces, or idling cars in garages. If a CO alarm is to be installed.

In this paper, we present the implementation of ta tic-tac toe game using the python environment for any gaming application problem. Two players compete in the game of Tic-Tac-Toe, which is played on a 3 by 3 grid. Each participant is given a unique symbol (X or O) to represent the slot they are responsible for filling. The player who first covers a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal row of the board with solely their symbols wins the game. This work, which was written in Python using Pygame on a Jupyter Notebook, suggests a winning Tic-Tac-Toe strategy. This algorithm is made to act like a player while the computer maximises the odds of success by acting in accordance with the model's intelligence. The purpose of this work is to develop a Tic-Tac-Toe strategy in which the game will continue until one player wins and will conclude in a draw if no player selected the optimal spots that may have increased their chances of winning. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

In this paper, the patient monitoring smart robot for biomedical engineering applications is presented in brief. This paper gives a brief review of the detection of pulse rate, body temperature, room temperature etc considering the modern AI and ML tools. In recent years ,smart robots have proven to be quite beneficial in the investigation of patient monitoring system. A machine resembling a human being and able to replicate certain human movements and functions automatically is known as robot. A robot which uses AI system and can learn from its environment and its experience and build on its capabilities based on that knowledge is called as smart robot. Machine learning, deep learning algorithms, CNN algorithms have all been used foe patient monitoring in various study publications. When these algorithms are applied to pictures, they can predict all monitoring applications quickly and accurately, as well as classify them into different categories. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka

This paper deals with the design & development of a prototype of the layman’s air-cooler. In summer seasons, we require cold water and cooled air because of scorching temperature. Modern appliances fulfilling these requirements need high power and are costly. So, we propose modified simple air cooler, which is portable and is low maintenance machine. Air cooler is one of the major consumers of electrical energy in many parts of the world today. Air cooler causes energy shortage for example in China. The demand can be expected to increase because of changing working times increased comfort expectations and global warming. Air conditioners are pretty expensive themselves and adding to them their power bills makes it out of reach for most common man. So opting for an air cooler is probably one solution which not only is cheaper as an appliance, but also uses lower power than conventional air conditioners. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka

In this paper, we present the development of music rhythm based LED’s in a circular fashion. This article provides a concise overview of the mini project work that we undertook, which involved the design and development of the Music Rhythm LEDs. The primary goal of our project is to create Music Rhythm LEDs that can be used for DJ lights, disco lights, or lighting during a party and that turn ON and OFF in time with the beats or rhythm of the music. A microphone and BC547 on a PCB can be used to create this Music Rhythm LED's Circuit, which will cause the led to flash in time with the music. The transistor will enhance the electric pulse that the microphone produces when it detects the rhythm of the song, which will cause the linked led to begin flashing. Just a few components are needed to make this very straightforward circuit. An application is implemented realistically when the work comes to a close. The created prototype demonstrates the effectiveness and strength of the invention. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

In this paper, the hardware development of a brake wire failure indicator for a car is presented. This paper gives a brief review of the mini project work undertaken by us involves the design and development of the brake wire failure indicator. The main aim of our project is to develop brake wire failure indicator implemented for controlling the accidents and protect the livelihood. This brake wire failure indicator circuit can be done using buzzer and IC timer on PCB where the LED will blink with the condition given as input. The wire which has been assumed as brake wire is connected across terminals and led’ s blink with the condition. This circuit is very simple and easy to build, it just requires a few components. The work concludes with an application being implemented practically. The developed prototype shows the efficiency and power of the invention. This brake failure indicator circuit checks the continuity of the brake wire and turn on the red light if the brake wire is broken. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka

In this paper, the design & development of a car accident alert system for the driver is presented. One of the basic reasons for road accidents is speed. Road accidents are rising suddenly today and are one of the key causes of human deaths. Human life is more important than anything else, and timely assistance is more important than lending a helping hand. If emergency service could get accident reports and reach it in time, more lives could have been saved. In saving human lives, the time between the accident and when the ambulance reaches the site of the accident plays an important role. If we reduce the time between when an accident happens and when a medical ambulance is dispatched to the area, we can save human lives by reducing mortality rates. GPS has become an integral part of a vehicle system nowadays. The accelerometer senses a sudden shift in the vehicle's axles. It will be tested by Arduino UNO. The Arduino sends the warning message via the GSM module to the police control room or a rescue team, including the location. So, after receiving the information, the police can automatically track the location via the GPS module. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka.

In this paper, a smart robotic arm development (pick & place robo) for domestic applications – A new concept in working of automated machines, i.e., a hardware prototype is developed. In recent years the industry and daily routine works are found to be more attracted and implemented through automation via Robots. The pick and place robot is one of the technologies in manufacturing industries which is designed to perform pick and place operations. The system is so designed that it eliminates the human error and human intervention to get more precise work. There are many fields in which human intervention is difficult but the process under consideration has to be operated and controlled this leads to the area in which robots find their applications. Literature suggests that the pick and place robots are designed, implemented in various fields such as; in bottle filling industry, packing industry, used in surveillance to detect and destroy the bombs etc. The project deals with implementing a pick and place robot using Robo-Arduino for any pick and place functions. The pick and place robot so implemented is controlled using RF signal. The chassis is supported for the displacement of robotic arm by four Omni wheels. The robotic arm implemented has two degrees of freedom. Many other features such as line follower, wall hugger, obstacle avoider, metal detector can be added to this robot for versatility of usage. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

In this paper, we present the development of an automated robot which could be used for a host of interactive applications. This paper provides a comprehensive account of the design and development of the "DASYAM" robot, which is primarily used for interactive applications. The demand for intelligent service robots is now being met through research and development efforts. These applications include everything from entertainment to health care. These service robots require direct connection with their human users in order to perform their service activities and are designed for non-expert people to operate. Therefore, such service robots are typically preferred to have interaction elements that are friendly to humans. New robotic application fields have been made possible by recent advancements in intelligent service robotics, including healthcare, rehabilitation, childcare, assistance, education, and entertainment. The review's findings—possible improvements—have been offered after a thorough investigation and analysis of the available literature to determine the shortcomings of the current methodologies. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

The work presented in this paper deals with the wireless notice board design using bluetooth technologies. This project deals with an innovative rather an interesting manner of intimating the message to the people using a wireless electronic display board which is synchronized using the Bluetooth technology. This will help us in passing any message almost immediately without any delay just by sending a SMS or voice message which is better and more reliable than the old traditional way of passing the message on notice board. This proposed technology can be used in colleges, many public places, malls or big buildings to enhance the security system and also create awareness of the emergency situations and avoid many dangers. Using Bluetooth module message can be displayed on the LCD display board and using GSM module SMS or voice message can be sent to the Bluetooth module. The Electronic notice board is wireless and needs no wires for displaying the information on the LCD Display. It is very easy to operate and consumes less power. The circuit of the wireless notice board is portable. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka.

In this paper, we present the design & development of a robust health wealth app that could be used by many of the human beings during the exercises, to keep physically fit, etc. The research presented in the paper highlights the creation of a health-wealth app. Smart phones and other contemporary handheld devices have recently increased in power. It's time to cease wasting resources because the world's resources are currently running out. One of the causes of depletion is people not knowing when consumables expire. This is because there are so many possibilities for materials now that it is difficult for people to remember when things expire. As a result, we are launching a mobile application that has the ability to track and add consumables' expiration dates. By providing health advice and intriguing life hacking tidbits, we also add a cool touch. Nowadays, individuals purchase items from the store and retain them for a number of days before using them, causing the item to expire and wasting resources. The other issue is that consumers often consume products that are too old and have health problems as a result. We want to cease squandering resources and have a healthy society. You can track, monitor, and manage your health using the Health Wealth Safe app, all from your phone. The effectiveness of the built app is demonstrated by the usage of the app by regular people after it was published to the play store. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

This paper gives the brief design of the hardware model & its development of a fire alarm circuit in crowded places is presented in brief. Fire Alarm Circuit is a simple circuit that detects the fire and activates the Siren Sound or Buzzer. Fire Alarm Circuits are very important devices to detect fire in the right time and prevent any damage to people or property. Fire Alarm Circuits and Smoke Sensors are a part of the security systems which help in detecting or preventing damage. Installing Fire Alarm Systems and Smoke Sensors in commercial buildings like offices, movie theatres, shopping malls and other public places is compulsory. There are many expensive and sophisticated Fire Alarm Circuit in the form of stand-alone devices, but we have designed five very simple Fire Alarm Circuits using common components like Thermistor, LM358, Germanium Diode, LM341 and NE555.This is a very simple alarm circuit using Thermistor, LM358 Operational Amplifier and a Buzzer. The primary purpose of fire alarm system is to provide an early warning of fire so that people can be. evacuated & immediate action can be taken to stop or eliminate of the fire effect as soon as possible Alarm can be triggered by using detectors or by manual call point (Remotely). The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second sem students of Electronics & Communication Engineering Department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore.

In this paper, we present a brief review of the software based inventory management system & we develop a prototype of the work in the software section. A distributed programme called an inventory monitoring system was created to keep track of the details of the many records of stored grain. It keeps track of information such store inventory levels and needed goods, enabling the owner to monitor the development of the business. The database primarily comprises the shop's inventory at a specific point in time and assists the company in increasing earnings by providing useful recommendations. It guarantees that business operates smoothly, that goods are fairly priced, and that customers are happy. By offering groceries and other products online, people can buy with ease. It also guarantees freshness of the food. Non-perishable food is available there, packaged in cans, boxes, and bottles. Automatically keeps track of product amount and expiration dates, then sends a reminder to the store owner through website. Additionally, it gives its employees access to view the inventory. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

In this paper, we present the design & development of a magical fan. The persistence of vision, an optical phenomena that operates in the background to recreate a series of visual pictures in a motion picture, is the basis of how the Propeller LED Message Display operates. The majority of current display grids use many LEDs, which uses a lot of energy. Virtual grids are used in the current work to cut down on the amount of LEDs. By aligning eight LEDs in a row on a propeller, virtual grids can be created. The propeller is rotated quickly to produce virtual grids for showing brief messages that can be utilised as a display gadget in marketing and advertising campaigns. The POV display uses less power than traditional dot-matrix screens. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

This paper gives the design of the density-based traffic control system implementation using Arduino micro-controller board. Traffic congestion is a severe problem in most of the cities across the world and it has become a nightmare for the citizens. It is caused by delay in signal, inappropriate timing of traffic signaling etc. The delay of traffic light is hard coded and it does not depend on traffic. Therefore, for optimizing traffic control, there is an increasing demand in systematic quick automatic system. This paper is designed to develop a density based dynamic traffic signal control. The signal timing changes automatically on sensing the traffic density at the junction. The microcontroller used in this project is ARDUINO. The system contains Ultrasonic sensors (trigger and echo) which will be mounted on the either side of the road on poles. It gets activated and receives the signal as the vehicles passes close by it. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore.

In this paper, we present the design & implementation of a bomb detector robot for the defense applications. The hardware has been designed and practically implemented. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore

In this paper, we present a brief conceptual development of the soil moisture detector with automatic water irrigation system. The oxygen that is provided by proper watering is essential for containergrown plants and trees. Because of inappropriate scheduling or inadequate watering, many people are confused of how to take good care of pricey plants or trees like bonsai. In this case, a computerised system that can recognise when to water plants properly could be useful. In this study, an Arduino microcontroller board with an ATMEGA 328p chip was employed. It has a few sensors built in to monitor lighting, soil moisture, and water level in the plant's pot. The Arduino has been programmed to obtain the sensor's norm, compare it to our predetermined standard threshold, and turn on or off the water pump depending on the needs of the plants. If there is a problem supplying water from the source, the owner will be notified via a message alert system that has been set up. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.