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"In recent years, the concept of intercultural citizenship in language education has been recognized worldwide. The goal is to prepare students for effective interaction in intercultural settings across diverse communities. Despite many reviews in the literature that address the importance of incorporating intercultural citizenship into language education, very few studies have discussed it from student perspectives. This study aims at exploring perceptions of intercultural citizenship held by university students. Employing a questionnaire, quantitative data were collected from 407 students of both English and non-English majors. The aim of the questionnaire survey was to identify whether the participants are familiar with the concept of intercultural citizenship and what core qualities, responsibilities, and skills they think an intercultural citizen should have. The findings revealed that students’ attitudes to the idea of intercultural citizenship are generally favorable, the participants give prominence to such components as knowledge of languages, cultural awareness, acceptance of diversity, tolerance, respect for other cultures, patriotism. At the same time, the results indicate that students have developed superficial understandings of the concept, since the responses were limited to just some core components of intercultural citizenship. "

Information on measured sediment load is important in calibrating hydrologic models used in sediment yield prediction. The purpose of this study was to relate sediment load to discharge at a river section. An appropriate section was selected at the Lotanyanda river, Limpopo, South Africa. Depth integrated sediment samples were collected on various dates at an appropriate interval once a day and analyzed to determine the sediment concentration and turbidity. The water level and temperature readings were also taken at the time of sediment sampling. Information on sediment concentration and discharge was used to determine the sediment load on the dates when sampling commenced autumn through winter in 2016. Based on the values of measures of performance that included R2, NSE, RMSE, PBIAS and RSR, performance of predicted sediment concentration based on sediment rating curves was very good and could beused for predicting sediment load. The measures of performance, however varied from season to season. The relationship between sediment load and discharge varied from one season to another and the quality of fit (R2) based on regression analysis differed from one season to another. Knowledge of sediment load discharge relationship can be used in sediment load prediction based on discharge information.

In this paper we study the behavior of the solution of the following rational difference equation$$x_{n+1}=\frac{a x_{n-r}^2+b x_{n-l} x_{n-k}^2}{c x_{n-r}^2+d x_{n-l} x_{n-k}^2} \quad n=0,1, \ldots,$$where the parameters $a, b, c$ and $d$ are positive real numbers and the initial conditions $x_{-t}, x_{-t+1}, \ldots, x_{-1}$ and $x_0$ are posistive real numbers where $t=\max \{r, k, l\}$.

The authors have carried out an experimental study for the purpose of determining a possibility of differentiating stem cells that are isolated from the adipose tissue according to the adipogenic orientation. The results of the research were indicative of the fact that the cells isolated from the adipose tissue are of specific differentiation, namely, an osteogenic, chondrogenic and, above all, adipogenic orientation that is an evidence of the multipotency of the stem mesenchymal cells of the adipose tissue. The adipose tissue is an alternative source to the bone marrow of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells that can be used as a protection of transplanted autologous adipose tissue from resorption by lipofilling.

Sensor networks play a significant role in modern day structures. From large bridges to sky scrapers, application of sensor networks – both wireless and wired – has strengthened the structural reliability and hence the safety of their users. The objective of this survey paper is to identify different usages of sensor networks in structures and further elaborate on different types of sensing together with the techniques associated with processing the parameters sensed by the sensor networks to achieve the desired implementation goals.

Since several studies indicated that farmers and agricultural workers had an excess risk of brain cancer, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health initiated the Upper Midwest Health Study to examine risk of intracranial glioma in the non-metropolitan population. This population-based, case-control study evaluated associations between gliomas and rural and farm exposures among adults (ages 18 to 80) in four upper midwestern states (Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin). At diagnosis/selection, participants lived in non-metropolitan counties where the largest population center had fewer than 250,000 residents. Cases were diagnosed 1 January 1995 through 31 January 1997. Over 90% of 873 eligible ascertained cases and over 70% of 1670 eligible controls consented to participate. Participants and nonparticipants, evaluated for "critical questions" on main and refusant questionnaires, differed significantly in farming and occupational experience, ethnicity, education, and lifestyle. The 1,175 controls were more likely than the 798 cases to have reported ever drinking alcohol (77% vs. 73%, adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0. 73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59-0.92) and having had panoramic dental x-rays (34% vs. 29%, OR 0. 75, CI 0.61-0.92). Controls spent a greater percentage of their lives in non-metropolitan counties (78% vs. 75%, OR 0.81, CI 0.67-1.09). Among ever-farmers, controls were more likely to have had exposure to farm insecticides (57% vs. 50%, OR 0.75, CI 0.59-0.95) and farm animals (96% vs. 91%, OR 0.48, CI 0.25-0.90). Moving to a farm as an adolescent (ages 11 to 20) vs. as an adult was associated with a greater risk of glioma. In our study sample, farm or rural residence and summary farm exposures were associated with decreased glioma risk. However, nonparticipation by never-farming eligible controls could have affected results. Comparisons of farm chemical exposures may clarify associations between farming and glioma that others have reported.

The work presented deals with the renovation of ancient agricultural buildings such as store farms for barns or poultry housing. This practice involves determining modifications to the enclosure walls and roof in order to adapt the building to the new environmental conditions required by the animals housed. These adjustments may now lead to an adequate environment by correcting unsatisfactory thermo-hygrometric behavior of the enclosures, which could cause serious damage to the building structures. Two real cases of building renovation are analyzed, one case for broilers and other for layers. In both cases the metallic structure of the buildings reduced their capacity to bear corrosion and collapse. This occurred as a direct consequence of inadequate roof insulation. The objectives of this study were as follows: first, to assess the thermo-hygrometric building environment throughout the year and second, to establish some guidelines to be followed when remodeling ancient agricultural buildings.

No hay resúmenes disponibles. ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 42, No. 461, 1987: 242-245.

Aground driven powered tillage device is described which utilizes a passive rolling coulter propelled through the soil by a prime mover. The reaction torque imparted by the soil to the coulter is delivered via a tor-que transfer unit to a powered tillage blade. The tillage blade rotates counter to the direction of the passive roll-ing coulter and prepares a tilled furrow of some predeter-mined depth for seed placement and coverage. Analysis is presented in which the torque developed by a passive rolling coulter engaging the soil is predicted. A relationship is presented for determining the velocity ratio between the coulter and tillage blade. Finally, the shape and number of teeth a tillage blade has is express-ed in terms of tillage depth and speed of the tillage blade.

IT was theorized that routine access to the hypothalamus by means of indwelling cannulae would allow rapid testing of efficiency in control of body temperature of cattle. A semi-stereotaxic method for cannulae instal-lation was developed. The heat loss center of two female beef calves was heated by RF energy; some degree of correlation was observed between hypo-thalamic temperature and respiration rate. Animals were subjected to a step change in thermal environment (75 to 95 F with very high humidity); rectal and hypothalamic temperatures were found to be coupled by the respiration rate, with marked individual differences. The approach appears to have merit as a system for rapid identification of heat tolerant breeds and individuals.