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The work presented in this paper gives a brief idea about the weight based gender segregation of silk moths in cocoon stage. Mathematical modelling of the sensor is also carried out with the concept of silk moth sex identification.

A review or survey on Nanobots in Medical Applications is presented in this paper. Nanorobotics is the science and technology of designing and manufacturing nanoscale machines, especially robotic machines. Nanorobots would constitute any “smart” structure capable of actuation, sensing, signaling, information processing, intelligence, manipulation and swarm behavior at nano scale (10-9m). More specifically, nanorobotics (as opposed to micro robotics) refers to the nanotechnology engineering discipline of designing and building nanorobots with devices ranging in size from 0.1 to 10 micrometers and constructed of nanoscale or molecular components. The first useful applications of nanomachines is in nanomedicine. The biological machines are used to identify and destroy cancer cells. The work given here is a project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by electronics and communication engineering post-graduate student in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

The purpose of this study is to build and implement an underwater robot called an Aquabot that can search for potential human presence. This robot is anticipated to be incredibly helpful in operations for underwater person detection during water accidents. The security at these borders is extremely important, and monitoring the marine borders is a very challenging undertaking. Marine exploration is required to comprehend the worldwide climatic and environmental changes. This initiative contributes to different data collection, weather monitoring, and pH sensing fields of research. Disaster prevention, including earthquake and tsunami mitigation, is possible with this data. Many locations lack garbage disposal facilities. As a result, throwing trash into neighbouring bodies of water has grown to be a serious problem. Since this kind of dumping harms the environment, Aquabot offers cleaning, weather monitoring, pH sensing, and other applications.

A review or survey on Nanobots in Medical Applications is presented in this paper. Nanorobotics is the science and technology of designing and manufacturing nanoscale machines, especially robotic machines. Nanorobots would constitute any “smart” structure capable of actuation, sensing, signaling, information processing, intelligence, manipulation and swarm behavior at nano scale (10-9m). More specifically, nanorobotics (as opposed to micro robotics) refers to the nanotechnology engineering discipline of designing and building nanorobots with devices ranging in size from 0.1 to 10 micrometers and constructed of nanoscale or molecular components. The first useful applications of nanomachines is in nanomedicine. The biological machines are used to identify and destroy cancer cells. The work given here is a project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by electronics and communication engineering post-graduate student in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

In this paper, we will read research papers on relevant issues to obtain information to help us create a system to rescue individuals who are caught in dangerous situations due to fire. This paper comprises the review of publications linked to fire evacuation and rescue robots. This robot is intended to rescue people trapped in a burning building and transport them to a safer area. Here, we'll path-plan the quickest route from the escapee's location to the exit and dispatch the robot to rescue and take them there. Human interruption has decreased as a result of mechanical technology advancements, and robots are now used for a variety of tasks as well as for the welfare of humans. The firefighters may utilise this firefighting robot in addition to them in emergency scenarios. A robot firefighter should be able to look about a given region, find the flame, and extinguish it. To complete these duties, the robot needs the proper controller. The work given here is a mini-project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by electronics and communication engineering students in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

Since a long time ago, agriculture has been a significant part of the Indian economy. 18% of India's gross domestic product is produced by the agriculture sector (GDP). A better answer for precision agriculture is provided by robotics and the internet of things. Selective harvesting is necessary when picking fruits or vegetables like tomatoes and apples. In traditional farming, each fruit is hand-picked by a worker, requiring a huge amount of labour to carry out selective farming. We suggest a robot that helps farmers with a variety of labor-intensive chores, such as selective crop harvesting and qualitative segregation, while also simultaneously providing data on crop health, soil nutritional status, and crop shelf-life detection. An android application is used to analyse, process, and send the obtained data to the farmer. Later, the weight, colour, and health of the particular crop are checked to grade its quality. The fruit is subsequently moved into the designated container after being graded. Spoiled or overripe fruits and vegetables would be plucked and dropped so as not to interfere with the plant's growth. A harvesting arm on the proposed robot would reach the fruit or vegetable and pick it from the plant or tree. The work given here is a mini-project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by electronics and communication engineering students in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

The work presented in this paper gives the details about the human body detection, underwater, water quality monitoring, and marine boundary surveillance using AI with help of marine robots. This paper involves designing and implementing an Aquabot, which travels underwater to detect possible human presence. This robot is expected to be extremely useful in human detection operations underwater during water accidents. Monitoring the marine borders is a very difficult task and the security at these borders is of high importance. In order to understand the global climate and environmental changes, marine exploration is necessary. This project helps in research areas for the purpose of various data collection, weather monitoring, and pH sensing. Using these data disaster prevention like tsunamis and earthquakes can be done. Garbage disposal facilities are absent in many places. Hence, dumping garbage into nearby water bodies has become a major issue. This type of dumping causes a negative impact on the environment, Aquabot provides applications for cleaning, weather monitoring, pH sensing, etc. The work given here is a mini-project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by electronics and communication engineering students in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

This paper gives the design and development of a precision farming robot. Since a long time ago, agriculture has been a significant part of the Indian economy. 18% of India's gross domestic product is produced by the agriculture sector (GDP). A better answer for precision agriculture is provided by robotics and the internet of things. Selective harvesting is necessary when picking fruits or vegetables like tomatoes and apples. In traditional farming, each fruit is hand-picked by a worker, requiring a huge amount of labour to carry out selective farming. We suggest a robot that helps farmers with a variety of labor-intensive chores, such as selective crop harvesting and qualitative segregation, while also simultaneously providing data on crop health, soil nutritional status, and crop shelf-life detection. An android application is used to analyse, process, and send the obtained data to the farmer. Later, the weight, colour, and health of the particular crop are checked to grade its quality. The fruit is subsequently moved into the designated container after being graded. Spoiled or overripe fruits and vegetables would be plucked and dropped so as not to interfere with the plant's growth. A harvesting arm on the proposed robot would reach the fruit or vegetable and pick it from the plant or tree. The fruit would then be transferred to the appropriate container. With the aid of the app, the user would be able to give the device a certain task based on his requirements. Crop health monitoring, segregation, and selective harvesting all require image processing using a camera. Additionally, using image processing, illnesses are found. The image segmentation and pre-processing are being done by us. The guided, supervised, and advanced machine learning technique k-nearest neighbours (KNN) is used to build solutions for both classification and regression issues. This gives the farmer useful information that is essential for choosing the correct insecticides, herbicides, and fertilisers for higher yield. Every nation's primary issue and developing topic is agriculture automation. The need for food is rising rapidly as the world's population is growing at an extremely rapid rate. Farmers must apply toxic pesticides more frequently since their traditional methods are insufficient to meet the growing demand. This damages the soil. This has a significant impact on agricultural practises, and as a result, the land remains unproductive and desolate. You can employ a variety of automation techniques, including IOT, wireless communications, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and deep learning. The work given here is a mini-project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by lectronics and communication engineering students in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

This paper highlights the design of the third eye for the blind personnels. One of the biggest problems that people who are blind face on a daily basis is movement. The loss of their eyesight severely limits their quality of life and activities. In their long-term exploration, they typically use a blind navigation system or their stored recollections. The major goal of the current effort is to provide a strong, dependable, user-friendly, portable, low-power, low-cost solution for efficient navigation. As stated in this study (Smart Glasses for Blind People), the intended audience is those who are visually handicapped. It includes a built-in sensor that emits ultrasonic waves in the direction the user is moving while scanning a maximum of 5–6 metres over a 30 degree angle. The sensor recognises the impediment and transmits a signal to the buzzer, which alerts the user with a beeping sound. The work given here is a mini-project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by electronics and communication engineering students in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

This paper involves the review of papers related to an efficient ambulance management system in this project report we will be going through research papers related to similar topics and find information to improve the process of making an ambulance intelligent. India’s population is increasing as each day is passing. The increase in population puts a lot of strain and management of resources from medical, government services and many more. The strain on the resources results in citizens not getting proper help in the time of need. The main example of this process is ambulance management system which is the first line of help process in time of need. If a patient or a victim does not get an ambulance in time then the patient’s life is surely at risk. So there needs to be proper mechanism to handle this important resource and help patients in time. Latest technologies such as cloud computing, IoT, AI, ML and mobile computing can be used to improve the ambulance management and emergency help services. . Ambulance service is one of the crucial services that gets delayed. Sometimes on-sight doctors are not available, so the patient does not get medical attention immediately. In health monitoring system, the patient's vital health parameters such as ECG, Heart Rate and Body Temperature are monitored. These parameters are sent the hospital server using IoT and cloud technology. In the current era of technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing a vital role in the health care sector especially cardiac disease detection which is a major cause of sudden death. The work given here is a mini-project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by electronics and communication engineering students in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

This research examines or surveys the use of nanobots in the medical field. Nanorobotics is the science and technology of developing and fabricating small machines, particularly robotic machines. A nanorobot is any "smart" structure with nanoscale actuation, sensing, signalling, information processing, intelligence, manipulation, and swarm behaviour (10-9m). The phrase "nanorobotics" contrasts with the term "microrobotics" and refers to the branch of nanotechnology engineering that focuses on building and fabricating nanorobots with components that are nanoscale or molecular in nature and range in size from 0.1 to 10 micrometres. One of the early applications of nanomachines in society is in medicine. The biological tools are used to find and get rid of cancer cells. The project presented here was completed as part of the curriculum by a second-year post-graduate student in Bangalore's Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering's electronics and communication engineering department.

Autonomous vehicles (AV) increase safety while consuming less energy, fuel, and reducing traffic-related pollution. We'll create a Terrain Globetrotter Bot from scratch. An RP Lidar is interfaced with an RP Lidar in the front top portion of a Terrain Globetrotter bot, which has a straightforward construction and uses the ROS (Robotic Operating System) software library of version ROS Kinetic / Melodic. This low-cost mapping bot has capabilities like SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping), which can not only create a map of the environment using Lidar scans and Matlab's Robotic Operating System Software package to communicate with ROS in the Raspberry Pi via ROS Network Configurations, but also other features like asking the user to select the destination, path planning to safely reach the destination, and then gathering the necessary small resources. The objective of the project is to build a completely autonomous robot that can map its environment and avoid impediments. A chassis with tracks, two motors, a lidar, a compass, and a Raspberry Pi can be used to achieve this. The work given here is a mini-project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by electronics and communication engineering students in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

This study is a review or survey on the use of nanobots in medicine. Designing and creating tiny machines, particularly robotic machines, is the field of nanorobotics. Any "smart" structure that is able to act, sense, signal, process information, think, manipulate, and exhibit swarm behaviour at the nanoscale is a nanorobot (10-9m). More specifically, the term "nanorobotics" (as opposed to "micro robotics") refers to the engineering field of nanotechnology that focuses on designing and creating nanorobots with devices that range in size from 0.1 to 10 micrometres and are made of components that are either nanoscale or molecular. Nanomedicine is one of the first practical applications of nanotechnology. Cancer cells are recognised and eliminated using biological devices. The project shown here was undertaken by an electronics and communication engineering post-graduate student in the department's second year at Bangalore's Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering. It was completed as part of the course requirements.

An overview of the design and use of a Smart Prosthetic Hand is provided in this study. This study presents an overview of computational methods for brain, gesture, and voice signals to operate a robotic arm. There are several hundred million neurons in the human brain. A prosthetic arm powered by a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) based on electroencephalograms (EEG) is a non-invasive approach that can be a powerful aid for persons with severe disabilities in their daily lives, particularly to let them use their arm voluntarily. The brain’s EEG data is recorded by the Brainsense headset and processed by a microprocessor to move the prosthetic hand via controlling servo motors. Additionally, a glove controller that replicates the gestures is used. The method entails using flex sensors to control the arm's movements. The voice control system was created so that voice commands could be sent through Bluetooth to control prosthetic arms. With the aid of a microcontroller, all actions can be monitored by a user interface. This prosthetic arm can help patients who have amputees below the elbow. This essay's main objective is to enable people with physical disabilities to become less dependent on others for their everyday needs. This model would be very helpful in both the real world, especially for those with disabilities who are unable to use their hands, and in the classroom when employed by college students pursuing robotics as a subject. The work given here is a mini-project that is taken up as a part of the curriculum completed by electronics and communication engineering students in the second year of the electronics & communication engineering department at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering in Bangalore.

In this paper, a safe transportation route design for Indian army in defense zonal areas is presented. Safe Transportation route for Indian Army focusses to deny the entry of any foreign and unidentified vehicles to enter the army camp or the manufacturing plant of dangerous goods (DG) or any highrisk area. This consists of Arduino Uno, Servo Motor, an Ultrasonic Sensor, a 9V Battery and a buzzer. The Arduino has been coded in such a way that when a foreign vehicle tries to enter, the roadway will automatically get blocked. This also focuses on restricting such cases too. To avoid the accidents to a certain extent, this mechanism can be implemented as per required. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka.

The main purpose of this Room Temperature Controller is to control the temperature of the room or any closed spaces whose temperature keeps fluctuating and thus requires a constant watch on the temperature of the room. The use of this system eliminates constant watching on the device by self controlling the temperature of the system. Our proposed project consists of digital temperature sensors for more accurate temperature control in various industries. Our system overcomes the disadvantages of thermostat/analog systems in terms of accuracy. This system can be used in any firm or organization where it is very important to maintain precise temperatures. LCD display is used to display the temperature and when the temperature exceeds the set limit, the lamp is switched off in order to control the temperature. The heater is demonstrated with the help of a lamp. After the heater is switched off, the AC(cooling device) is switched ON. Here AC is demonstrated with the help of small fan. After the AC is switched ON, it remains ON until the temperature reaches below the exceed limit. Thus the system keeps on switching ON/OFF the heater or the AC for automatically controlling the temperature of the system. The system uses a digital temperature sensor in order to detect temperature and pass on the data to the microcontroller. The 8051 microcontroller processes data and sends the temperature to be displayed on LCD screen. The display consists of 7 segment display unit to display up to 4 numbers.]

The work presented in this paper highlights about the design & development of an LED indicator for various of engineering applications. The project is designed to develop distance measurement system using ultrasonic waves and interfaced with Arduino. We know that human audible range is 20hz to 20khz. We can utilize these frequency range waves through ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04.The advantages of this sensor when interfaced with Arduino which is a control and sensing system, a proper distance measurement can be made with new techniques. As large amounts are spent for hundreds of inflexible circuit boards, the Arduino will allow businessto bring many more unique devices. This distance measurement system can be widely used as range meters and as proximity detectors in industries. The hardware part of ultrasonic sensor is interfaced with Arduino. This method of measurement is efficient way to measure small distances precisely. The distance of an obstacle from the sensor is measured through ultrasonic sensor. After knowing the speed of sound the distance can be calculated. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka

This paper gives the design & development of a carbon monoxide detector. Living in cities is convenient in many ways such as high-quality public services such as healthcare and education. However, for all the advantages offered by city living, it has not come without its own costs. Pollutant levels such as Carbon Monoxide in urban environments are sometimes unacceptably high. In many heavily urbanized areas, particularly in the developing world such as China, India and Brazil, carbon monoxide detectors often register levels many times higher than accepted ‘safe’ levels. Unfortunately, this is by no means a problem exclusive to the developing world, with many major cities as far afield as Singapore, Seoul, London, New York and Los Angeles also regularly experiencing unsafe Carbon Monoxide levels. (CO) is a colourless, odourless gas which at high levels can cause serious illness and death. CO alarms are widely available and should be considered a backup to BUT NOT A REPLACEMENT for proper installation, use, and maintenance of fuel-burning appliances. CO alarms are designed to warn you of any unusual build-up of CO in your home. These higher levels of CO may occur from improperly maintained, installed or used fuel-burning appliances, back drafting appliances or fireplaces, or idling cars in garages. If a CO alarm is to be installed.

In this paper, we present the implementation of ta tic-tac toe game using the python environment for any gaming application problem. Two players compete in the game of Tic-Tac-Toe, which is played on a 3 by 3 grid. Each participant is given a unique symbol (X or O) to represent the slot they are responsible for filling. The player who first covers a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal row of the board with solely their symbols wins the game. This work, which was written in Python using Pygame on a Jupyter Notebook, suggests a winning Tic-Tac-Toe strategy. This algorithm is made to act like a player while the computer maximises the odds of success by acting in accordance with the model's intelligence. The purpose of this work is to develop a Tic-Tac-Toe strategy in which the game will continue until one player wins and will conclude in a draw if no player selected the optimal spots that may have increased their chances of winning. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

In this paper, the patient monitoring smart robot for biomedical engineering applications is presented in brief. This paper gives a brief review of the detection of pulse rate, body temperature, room temperature etc considering the modern AI and ML tools. In recent years ,smart robots have proven to be quite beneficial in the investigation of patient monitoring system. A machine resembling a human being and able to replicate certain human movements and functions automatically is known as robot. A robot which uses AI system and can learn from its environment and its experience and build on its capabilities based on that knowledge is called as smart robot. Machine learning, deep learning algorithms, CNN algorithms have all been used foe patient monitoring in various study publications. When these algorithms are applied to pictures, they can predict all monitoring applications quickly and accurately, as well as classify them into different categories. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka

This paper deals with the design & development of a prototype of the layman’s air-cooler. In summer seasons, we require cold water and cooled air because of scorching temperature. Modern appliances fulfilling these requirements need high power and are costly. So, we propose modified simple air cooler, which is portable and is low maintenance machine. Air cooler is one of the major consumers of electrical energy in many parts of the world today. Air cooler causes energy shortage for example in China. The demand can be expected to increase because of changing working times increased comfort expectations and global warming. Air conditioners are pretty expensive themselves and adding to them their power bills makes it out of reach for most common man. So opting for an air cooler is probably one solution which not only is cheaper as an appliance, but also uses lower power than conventional air conditioners. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka

In this paper, we present the development of music rhythm based LED’s in a circular fashion. This article provides a concise overview of the mini project work that we undertook, which involved the design and development of the Music Rhythm LEDs. The primary goal of our project is to create Music Rhythm LEDs that can be used for DJ lights, disco lights, or lighting during a party and that turn ON and OFF in time with the beats or rhythm of the music. A microphone and BC547 on a PCB can be used to create this Music Rhythm LED's Circuit, which will cause the led to flash in time with the music. The transistor will enhance the electric pulse that the microphone produces when it detects the rhythm of the song, which will cause the linked led to begin flashing. Just a few components are needed to make this very straightforward circuit. An application is implemented realistically when the work comes to a close. The created prototype demonstrates the effectiveness and strength of the invention. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

In this paper, the hardware development of a brake wire failure indicator for a car is presented. This paper gives a brief review of the mini project work undertaken by us involves the design and development of the brake wire failure indicator. The main aim of our project is to develop brake wire failure indicator implemented for controlling the accidents and protect the livelihood. This brake wire failure indicator circuit can be done using buzzer and IC timer on PCB where the LED will blink with the condition given as input. The wire which has been assumed as brake wire is connected across terminals and led’ s blink with the condition. This circuit is very simple and easy to build, it just requires a few components. The work concludes with an application being implemented practically. The developed prototype shows the efficiency and power of the invention. This brake failure indicator circuit checks the continuity of the brake wire and turn on the red light if the brake wire is broken. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka

In this paper, the design & development of a car accident alert system for the driver is presented. One of the basic reasons for road accidents is speed. Road accidents are rising suddenly today and are one of the key causes of human deaths. Human life is more important than anything else, and timely assistance is more important than lending a helping hand. If emergency service could get accident reports and reach it in time, more lives could have been saved. In saving human lives, the time between the accident and when the ambulance reaches the site of the accident plays an important role. If we reduce the time between when an accident happens and when a medical ambulance is dispatched to the area, we can save human lives by reducing mortality rates. GPS has become an integral part of a vehicle system nowadays. The accelerometer senses a sudden shift in the vehicle's axles. It will be tested by Arduino UNO. The Arduino sends the warning message via the GSM module to the police control room or a rescue team, including the location. So, after receiving the information, the police can automatically track the location via the GPS module. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka.

In this paper, a smart robotic arm development (pick & place robo) for domestic applications – A new concept in working of automated machines, i.e., a hardware prototype is developed. In recent years the industry and daily routine works are found to be more attracted and implemented through automation via Robots. The pick and place robot is one of the technologies in manufacturing industries which is designed to perform pick and place operations. The system is so designed that it eliminates the human error and human intervention to get more precise work. There are many fields in which human intervention is difficult but the process under consideration has to be operated and controlled this leads to the area in which robots find their applications. Literature suggests that the pick and place robots are designed, implemented in various fields such as; in bottle filling industry, packing industry, used in surveillance to detect and destroy the bombs etc. The project deals with implementing a pick and place robot using Robo-Arduino for any pick and place functions. The pick and place robot so implemented is controlled using RF signal. The chassis is supported for the displacement of robotic arm by four Omni wheels. The robotic arm implemented has two degrees of freedom. Many other features such as line follower, wall hugger, obstacle avoider, metal detector can be added to this robot for versatility of usage. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

In this paper, we present the development of an automated robot which could be used for a host of interactive applications. This paper provides a comprehensive account of the design and development of the "DASYAM" robot, which is primarily used for interactive applications. The demand for intelligent service robots is now being met through research and development efforts. These applications include everything from entertainment to health care. These service robots require direct connection with their human users in order to perform their service activities and are designed for non-expert people to operate. Therefore, such service robots are typically preferred to have interaction elements that are friendly to humans. New robotic application fields have been made possible by recent advancements in intelligent service robotics, including healthcare, rehabilitation, childcare, assistance, education, and entertainment. The review's findings—possible improvements—have been offered after a thorough investigation and analysis of the available literature to determine the shortcomings of the current methodologies. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

In this paper, the design & development of an automatic car parking system is designed & developed in crowded places. The smart car parking project aims at providing a confusion free and easy parking. This project helps the drivers of the cars to park their vehicles with minimum wastage of time with accurate information of the availability of the space to park. Thus, we designed a “Smart Parking System Project” to overcome this problem. This project helps the car’s driver to park their car with minimum wastage of time with accurate information of the availability of the space to park. The difference between our project of automated car parking systems is we hope to minimize human interaction as much as possible and make the parking area fitted with sensors that will help us execute a safe and efficient way of parking. Hence, we aim to provide a completely safe and automated experience that is robust and can be implemented in real time and hopefully be implemented as the general norm for parking systems in the future. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore.

This paper gives a brief review of the AI/ML algorithms and applications that could be used in VLSI design technology. As the analysis and development of techniques that might lessen design complexity brought on by expanding process variability and shorten the turnaround time of chip manufacturing are clearly going to be a problem for the integrated circuit (IC) industry in the nanometre regime. The traditional approaches used for these activities are mostly manual, which takes time and resources. Contrarily, very large scale integration (VLSI) design and testing can take advantage of a variety of new automated ways thanks to the distinctive learning strategies of artificial intelligence (AI). Utilizing automated learning algorithms, AI and machine learning (ML) algorithms reduce the time and effort required to comprehend and process data within and across different abstraction levels, improving IC yield and speeding up production turnaround. This article examines the automated AI/ML methods for VLSI design and production that were previously used. The work presented in this paper is a technical seminar report of the P.G. (M.Tech) student, which is a part of the seminar that every student has to give w.r.t. any topic in the second semester of the PG programme.

The work presented in this paper deals with the wireless notice board design using bluetooth technologies. This project deals with an innovative rather an interesting manner of intimating the message to the people using a wireless electronic display board which is synchronized using the Bluetooth technology. This will help us in passing any message almost immediately without any delay just by sending a SMS or voice message which is better and more reliable than the old traditional way of passing the message on notice board. This proposed technology can be used in colleges, many public places, malls or big buildings to enhance the security system and also create awareness of the emergency situations and avoid many dangers. Using Bluetooth module message can be displayed on the LCD display board and using GSM module SMS or voice message can be sent to the Bluetooth module. The Electronic notice board is wireless and needs no wires for displaying the information on the LCD Display. It is very easy to operate and consumes less power. The circuit of the wireless notice board is portable. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka.

In this paper, we present the design & development of a robust health wealth app that could be used by many of the human beings during the exercises, to keep physically fit, etc. The research presented in the paper highlights the creation of a health-wealth app. Smart phones and other contemporary handheld devices have recently increased in power. It's time to cease wasting resources because the world's resources are currently running out. One of the causes of depletion is people not knowing when consumables expire. This is because there are so many possibilities for materials now that it is difficult for people to remember when things expire. As a result, we are launching a mobile application that has the ability to track and add consumables' expiration dates. By providing health advice and intriguing life hacking tidbits, we also add a cool touch. Nowadays, individuals purchase items from the store and retain them for a number of days before using them, causing the item to expire and wasting resources. The other issue is that consumers often consume products that are too old and have health problems as a result. We want to cease squandering resources and have a healthy society. You can track, monitor, and manage your health using the Health Wealth Safe app, all from your phone. The effectiveness of the built app is demonstrated by the usage of the app by regular people after it was published to the play store. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

This paper gives the brief design of the hardware model & its development of a fire alarm circuit in crowded places is presented in brief. Fire Alarm Circuit is a simple circuit that detects the fire and activates the Siren Sound or Buzzer. Fire Alarm Circuits are very important devices to detect fire in the right time and prevent any damage to people or property. Fire Alarm Circuits and Smoke Sensors are a part of the security systems which help in detecting or preventing damage. Installing Fire Alarm Systems and Smoke Sensors in commercial buildings like offices, movie theatres, shopping malls and other public places is compulsory. There are many expensive and sophisticated Fire Alarm Circuit in the form of stand-alone devices, but we have designed five very simple Fire Alarm Circuits using common components like Thermistor, LM358, Germanium Diode, LM341 and NE555.This is a very simple alarm circuit using Thermistor, LM358 Operational Amplifier and a Buzzer. The primary purpose of fire alarm system is to provide an early warning of fire so that people can be. evacuated & immediate action can be taken to stop or eliminate of the fire effect as soon as possible Alarm can be triggered by using detectors or by manual call point (Remotely). The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second sem students of Electronics & Communication Engineering Department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore.

In this paper, we present a brief review of the software based inventory management system & we develop a prototype of the work in the software section. A distributed programme called an inventory monitoring system was created to keep track of the details of the many records of stored grain. It keeps track of information such store inventory levels and needed goods, enabling the owner to monitor the development of the business. The database primarily comprises the shop's inventory at a specific point in time and assists the company in increasing earnings by providing useful recommendations. It guarantees that business operates smoothly, that goods are fairly priced, and that customers are happy. By offering groceries and other products online, people can buy with ease. It also guarantees freshness of the food. Non-perishable food is available there, packaged in cans, boxes, and bottles. Automatically keeps track of product amount and expiration dates, then sends a reminder to the store owner through website. Additionally, it gives its employees access to view the inventory. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

In this paper, we present the design & development of a magical fan. The persistence of vision, an optical phenomena that operates in the background to recreate a series of visual pictures in a motion picture, is the basis of how the Propeller LED Message Display operates. The majority of current display grids use many LEDs, which uses a lot of energy. Virtual grids are used in the current work to cut down on the amount of LEDs. By aligning eight LEDs in a row on a propeller, virtual grids can be created. The propeller is rotated quickly to produce virtual grids for showing brief messages that can be utilised as a display gadget in marketing and advertising campaigns. The POV display uses less power than traditional dot-matrix screens. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.

This paper gives the design of the density-based traffic control system implementation using Arduino micro-controller board. Traffic congestion is a severe problem in most of the cities across the world and it has become a nightmare for the citizens. It is caused by delay in signal, inappropriate timing of traffic signaling etc. The delay of traffic light is hard coded and it does not depend on traffic. Therefore, for optimizing traffic control, there is an increasing demand in systematic quick automatic system. This paper is designed to develop a density based dynamic traffic signal control. The signal timing changes automatically on sensing the traffic density at the junction. The microcontroller used in this project is ARDUINO. The system contains Ultrasonic sensors (trigger and echo) which will be mounted on the either side of the road on poles. It gets activated and receives the signal as the vehicles passes close by it. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore.

In this paper, we present the design & implementation of a bomb detector robot for the defense applications. The hardware has been designed and practically implemented. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has huge amount of sensor nodes that randomly deployed in the interested region to monitor the environment. In WSN, the energy efficiency is considered as a challenging task during data transmission. The mahalanobis distance based cluster head selection is proposed to solve the issues related to the energy constraint. Next, ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol is used to find the optimal path between the source to base station via cluster heads. The performance of this mahalanobis method is analyzed in terms of energy consumption, throughput, packet loss ratio, End to End Delay (EED) and average delay ratio. The mahalanobis method is compared with Weighted Energy-efficient Clustering with Robust Routing (WECRR), improved Artificial Bee Colony (iABC), Adaptive Energy aware Cluster-based Routing (AECR), Evolutionary Multipath Energy-Efficient Routing (EMEER), K-means algorithm and Energy-aware Cluster-based Routing Protocol (ECRP). The energy consumption of the mahalanobis method is 0.641 J for 75 nodes, it is lesser than the existing methods.

In this paper, we present a brief conceptual development of the soil moisture detector with automatic water irrigation system. The oxygen that is provided by proper watering is essential for containergrown plants and trees. Because of inappropriate scheduling or inadequate watering, many people are confused of how to take good care of pricey plants or trees like bonsai. In this case, a computerised system that can recognise when to water plants properly could be useful. In this study, an Arduino microcontroller board with an ATMEGA 328p chip was employed. It has a few sensors built in to monitor lighting, soil moisture, and water level in the plant's pot. The Arduino has been programmed to obtain the sensor's norm, compare it to our predetermined standard threshold, and turn on or off the water pump depending on the needs of the plants. If there is a problem supplying water from the source, the owner will be notified via a message alert system that has been set up. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the 2nd sem students of electronics & communication engineering department of dayananda sagar college of engg., bangalore.