18 results on '"oeconomia"'
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2. THE RELEVANCE OF THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN THEOLOGIA AND OECONOMIA FOR THE CONDEMNATIONS OF 1241/4. CONTINUITIES AND INTERMISSIONS.
- Author
-
CRÎȘMĂREANU, FLORIN
- Subjects
- *
DIVINE providence ,WESTERN countries - Abstract
The condemnations in the West throughout the 13th century have recently drawn the attention of exegetes. Despite this seemingly favourable situation, some censorship episodes have yet to be given due attention. For example, the literature dedicated to the condemnation of 1241/4 does not include more than 20 studies in the last two decades, some treating the topic marginally. I am particularly interested in the hermeneutical perspective provided by M.-D. Chenu who argues in his famous 1947 study ("Le dernier avatar de la théologie orientale en Occident au XIII -ème siècle") that Eastern authors such as Maximus the Confessor and John Damascene - at that point partially translated into Latin - adopted somewhat confusingly an obscure interpretation of "economy" (i.e., the divine life known in its relations with the created being). On the other hand, the term "theology" did not enjoy a particularly great reception at the crossroads between the 12th and the 13th centuries. In this study, I aim to assess to what extent the patristical distinction between θεоλоγία and οἰκονομία was "confusing" and "obscure" in the authors of the first Christian centuries and whether this distinction had any relevance against the backdrop of the condemnations of 1241/4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Juridical Traditions and Oeconomic Survival in a Constitutional Genealogy. The Case of Tucumán in 1820
- Author
-
Romina Zamora
- Subjects
Oeconomia ,economía política ,sujeto de derecho ,padre de familia ,vecino-ciudadano ,Law - Abstract
The nineteenth-century Spanish-American constitutionalism was inextricably related to the emancipatory process. The constitutional texts sought to establish limits to public powers that were forming in the independent territories, in mined paths of crossroads on which the newest historical and legal studies are elucidating motivations and objectives. From there, it is being discovered that constitutional projects did not ignored a four-hundred-yearold public order, but incorporated elements, subjects and above all, purposes: what is the objective of putting functions and limits to a public power separate from the domestic sphere? Can we trace the survival of an old domestic order —oeconomic— in the constitution, social and political order that should not be confused with the colonial fact? Therefore, it is important to periodize the constitutional journey, since although in the final products, the constitutions that came into force in the nascent Latin American States, the traces of an old mentality are not easily discernible, in the earliest projects they were not only the view but they were determinants in the definition of the subject of law and in the values —catholic, oeconomic— that had to be protected. The nineteenth-century Spanish-American constitutionalism was inextricably related to the preeminent place of the Spanish householder, catholic and land owner. On nineteenth-century Spanish-American constitutionalism, the prescriptive capacity of the catholic economy has weighed, like a sword of Damocles, for the determination of juridical principles. To highlight this hypothesis, it is necessary to perform an almost archaeological tracking of concepts and themes in the first debates on the fundamental law and the resulting texts. For this, we have chosen a provincial constitution, that of the province of Tucumán, written in 1820. Located halfway between the Peruvian space and the River Plate, Tucumán wanted to insert itself in the debate on the formation of the State by dictating its own constitution, as cover letter for a game of powers that was yet to be defined.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. El envite ilustrado. Real Lotería y proyectos de poder en el siglo XVIII
- Author
-
Carlos Petit
- Subjects
real loteria ,ilustración ,oeconomía ,juegos y virtudes ,Law - Abstract
Se presentan la creación y las primeras vicisitudes de la Real Lotería, fundada por Carlos III según el modelo napolitano. La cuestión sirve además para analizar la relación entre ganancia y moral católica, gobierno del monarca ilustrado, despliegue de nuevas autoridades sobre el territorio y características jurídicas de los billetes o pagarés expedidos por la Corona.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Calvin's Doctrine of the Trinity and Patristic Tradition.
- Author
-
Shuai SUN
- Subjects
TRINITY ,FATHERS of the church ,ECONOMICS ,SCHOLARS ,CHRISTIANS - Abstract
How to understand Cains doctrine of the Trinity and ts connection with patristic tradition is a matter of academic debate. The purpose of this artice is to explore the distinction of the three peersons and the economic Trinity in Caivin, and then to accurately present his crearive ideas regarding the issue of the Trinity. The author argues that the core concept Calvin uses to disringuish the three persons Is not "relatio" as scholars usualy believe but "subsistentia" and "proprrietas", which are from the Greek tradition. Secondly, Calvin introduces Tertulian's conception of economia into his doctrine of the Trinity so that the distinction of persons is interpfreted as a Trinitarian immianent order, and is placed within the grand perspective of prrovidential economia. Thus, the importance of oeconomria is inseparable from Calvin re- understanding of the world order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
6. The significance of Luther for the crises of today: On the occasion of the 500 years of the Reformation
- Author
-
Vítor Westhelle
- Subjects
luther ,reformation ,migration ,oeconomia ,capitalism ,coram deo/mundo ,Practical Theology ,BV1-5099 - Abstract
The 500 anniversary of the event that marks the beginning of the Reformation is an opportunity to revisit some of its radical claims. Among them is that liberation and salvation are related but distinct. As long as we honor the distinction, honored will be the shape Luther’s figure is transfigured into the mold of contemporary crises. It is about presence, regardless of the fact whether Luther is named or not. At the break of the 21st century, the most significant social phenomenon is arguably migration. The Reformer viewed migration in two diametrically different ways. This difference pertains to the two perspectives that inform Luther’s theology. One pertains to our relationship to God and detachment from the entrapments of the world. The other refers to our life in the world, particularly as it concerns the economy. About a century and a half ago, in the high of industrial capitalism, Karl Marx found in Luther the basic clue to analyze the emergence of capital. This article presents thus an analysis of a treatise of Luther on usury that Marx discusses at length in the first volume of Das Kapital. As it was for Marx, Luther’s transfiguration happens in the voices of protest and resistance today.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. From oeconomia to Nordic Welfare Societies: The Idea of a Third-Zone Lutheranism.
- Author
-
Gregersen, Niels Henrik
- Subjects
- *
LUTHERAN Church , *MEDICAL care - Abstract
In the Nordic countries, Martin Luther's doctrine of the three estates (ecclesia, oeconomia, politia) has significantly shaped social imaginaries about what makes a society workable and proficient for its citizens. While already Luther used the idea of the household (oeconomia) as a third zone between civil government (politia) and church (ecclesia), Danish-Norwegian receptions of Luther's concept of oeconomia emphasized the mutual obligations between superiors and subordinates. Arguably, the parental expectation to the worldly government in early Nordic Lutheranism—together with the institutionalization of school education, public healthcare, and care for the poor—constitute a background condition for the emergence of Nordic welfare states in the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Verge
- Author
-
Oppitz-Trotman, George, author
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Juridical Traditions and Oeconomic Survival in a Constitutional Genealogy. The Case of Tucumán in 1820
- Author
-
Zamora, Romina
- Subjects
Oeconomia ,economía política ,sujeto de derecho ,lcsh:Law ,padre de familia ,vecino-ciudadano ,lcsh:K - Abstract
The nineteenth-century Spanish-American constitutionalism was inextricably related to the emancipatory process. The constitutional texts sought to establish limits to public powers that were forming in the independent territories, in mined paths of crossroads on which the newest historical and legal studies are elucidating motivations and objectives. From there, it is being discovered that constitutional projects did not ignored a four-hundred-yearold public order, but incorporated elements, subjects and above all, purposes: what is the objective of putting functions and limits to a public power separate from the domestic sphere? Can we trace the survival of an old domestic order —oeconomic— in the constitution, social and political order that should not be confused with the colonial fact? Therefore, it is important to periodize the constitutional journey, since although in the final products, the constitutions that came into force in the nascent Latin American States, the traces of an old mentality are not easily discernible, in the earliest projects they were not only the view but they were determinants in the definition of the subject of law and in the values —catholic, oeconomic— that had to be protected. The nineteenth-century Spanish-American constitutionalism was inextricably related to the preeminent place of the Spanish householder, catholic and land owner. On nineteenth-century Spanish-American constitutionalism, the prescriptive capacity of the catholic economy has weighed, like a sword of Damocles, for the determination of juridical principles.To highlight this hypothesis, it is necessary to perform an almost archaeological tracking of concepts and themes in the first debates on the fundamental law and the resulting texts. For this, we have chosen a provincial constitution, that of the province of Tucumán, written in 1820. Located halfway between the Peruvian space and the River Plate, Tucumán wanted to insert itself in the debate on the formation of the State by dictating its own constitution, as cover letter for a game of powers that was yet to be defined. El constitucionalismo hispanoamericano del siglo XIX estuvo relacionado inextricablemente con el proceso emancipatorio. Los textos constitucionales que buscaron establecer límites a unos poderes públicos que se estaban formando en los territorios independientes tuvieron trayectorias minadas de encrucijadas. En relación con estos textos, los más nuevos estudios históricos y jurídicos están dilucidando motivaciones y objetivos. A partir de allí, se está descubriendo que los proyectos constitucionales no hicieron tabla rasa sobre un orden público cuatro veces centenario, sino que incorporaron elementos, sujetos y, sobre todo, finalidades: ¿cuál es el objetivo de poner funciones y límites a un poder público separado de la esfera doméstica? O, dicho a la inversa, ¿se puede rastrear la pervivencia de un antiguo orden doméstico —oeconomico— en las cartas magnas, orden social y político que no debe ser confundido con lo colonial? Para eso es importante periodizar el trayecto constitucional, ya que, si bien en los productos finales —las constituciones que entraron en vigencia en los nacientes Estados latinoamericanos— los rastros de una mentalidad antigua no son fácilmente discernibles, en los proyectos más tempranos no solo estuvieron a la vista, sino que fueron determinantes en la definición del sujeto de derecho y en los valores —católicos, oeconomicos—que se debían resguardar. Sobre el constitucionalismo hispanoamericano del siglo XIX ha pesado, como una espada de Damocles para la determinación de principios jurídicos, la capacidad preceptiva de la oeconomia católica.Para arrojar luz sobre esta hipótesis, es necesario realizar un rastreo casi arqueológico de conceptos y temas en los primeros debates sobre la ley fundamental y en los textos resultantes. Para ello, hemos elegido una constitución provincial, la de la provincia de Tucumán, escrita en 1820. Ubicada a mitad de camino entre el espacio altoperuano y el rioplatense, Tucumán quiso insertarse en el debate sobre la formación del Estado dictando su propia constitución, como carta de presentación para un juego de poderes que estaba aún por definirse.
- Published
- 2019
10. Literary and Rhetorical Theory in Irenaeus, Part 1.
- Author
-
Briggman, Anthony
- Subjects
- *
LITERARY theory , *RHETORICAL theory , *EARLY Christian literature , *CHRISTIAN literature - Abstract
Scholars have long queried the influence of rhetorical theory upon Irenaeus' thought. Despite the identification of various aspects of rhetorical theory in his work, a clear sense of the centrality and importance of rhetorical theory to Irenaeus has not emerged. In this article I argue that concepts belonging to literary and rhetorical theory are of central importance to Irenaeus' anti-Gnostic polemic in AH 1.8.1-10.3 and even feature in his constructive thought. What emerges is a picture of Irenaeus as a polemicist and theologian who ably uses tools acquired in a thorough grammatical and rhetorical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Trayectos constitucionales. De la oeconomia católica a la economía política
- Author
-
Zamora, Romina Noemi
- Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/6 [https] ,Historia y Arqueología ,purl.org/becyt/ford/5.5 [https] ,purl.org/becyt/ford/5 [https] ,Derecho ,REPUBLICA ,ECONOMIA POLITICA ,Historia ,CIENCIAS SOCIALES ,HUMANIDADES ,SUJETO DE DERECHO ,OECONOMIA ,purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1 [https] ,Otras Derecho - Abstract
En 1837, Juan Bautista Alberdi describía un tiempo pretérito como "el panteísmo del amor de los tiempos infantiles". Esta definición no se trataba de una reducción literaria, sino de una síntesis muy seria de lo que se pensaba entonces del ordenamiento social y político previo, que se trataba de obliterar para dar lugar a un nuevo tiempo constitucional.Se estaba refiriendo, sin duda, al gobierno paternal de la vieja economía. La vieja economía, como le llamó Otto Brunner, u oeconomia, era, entre otras cosas,una forma de relación social que habilitaba para la relación política, orientada a sostener y ordenar las repúblicas católicas entendidas como la reunión de los padres de familia, entendida dentro de una noción doméstica de poder. En este trabajo buscamos proponer algunas definiciones y ensayas algunas respuestas para comprender el paso del gobierno paternal al constitucionalismo nacional. In 1837, Juan Bautista Alberdi described a past tense as “the pantheism of the love of infantile times”. This definition was not a literary reduction, but a very serious synthesis of what the thought about the previous social and political order was, which must be obliterated to give rise to a new constitutional time. He was referring, no doubt, to the paternal government of the old economy. The old economy, as Otto Brunner called it, or oeconomy, was, among other things, a form of social relationship that enabled the political relationship, aimed at sustaining and ordering the Catholic republics, understood as the meeting of pater familiae, understood within a domestic notion of power. In this paper, we seek to propose some definitions and try some answers to understand the passage of paternal government to national constitutionalism Fil: Zamora, Romina Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Estudios Sociales. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Estudios Sociales; Argentina
- Published
- 2018
12. The Enlightened Bet. Royal Lottery and Power Structures in the XVIIIth Century
- Author
-
Petit Calvo, Carlos|||0000-0001-5316-8112
- Subjects
Gambling and virtues ,Royal Lotteries ,Ilustração ,Enlightenment ,Jogos e virtudes ,Oeconomía ,Economia ,Juegos y virtudes ,Ilustración ,Real Loteria - Abstract
Se presentan la creación y las primeras vicisitudes de la Real Lotería, fundada por Carlos III según el modelo napolitano. La cuestión sirve además para analizar la relación entre ganancia y moral católica, gobierno del monarca ilustrado, despliegue de nuevas autoridades sobre el territorio y características jurídicas de los billetes o pagarés expedidos por la Corona., The creation and the first vicissitudes of the Real Lotería are presented, founded by Carlos III according to the Neapolitan model. The question also serves to analyze the relationship between profit and Catholic morality, government of the enlightened monarch, deployment of new authorities on the territory and legal characteristics of the bills or promissory notes issued by the Crown., São apresentadas a criação e as primeiras vicissitudes da Real Lotería, fundadas por Carlos III segundo o modelo napolitano. A questão também serve para analisar a relação entre lucro e moralidade católica, governo do monarca esclarecido, implantação de novas autoridades no território e características legais das notas promissórias emitidas pela Coroa
- Published
- 2018
13. «Oeconomía» católica y servicio personal de los indios en el Tucumán en los siglos XVI y XVII
- Author
-
Zamora, Romina
- Subjects
Tucumán ,Republic ,República ,Servitude ,Oeconomía ,Servicio personal - Abstract
Se llamaba «servicio personal» al trabajo forzado que debían realizar los indios tras la conquista, que trascendía el marco de la encomienda y del pago del tributo al rey. Aquí buscamos ver la evolución de la forma de entender e interpretar el servicio personal de los indios, enfocado en una región en particular, la Gobernación del Tucumán, observando los corpus normativos emitidos específicamente para esta región en los siglos XVI y XVII. Es probable que el problema jurídico que significaba el trabajo indígena haya encubierto otro, referido al modo de plantearse las relaciones entre personas de calidades diferentes, propio de la república y la oeconomia católica, ya que era culturalmente imposible para los primeros pobladores españoles concebir el trabajo indígena de otra manera. It was called «personal servitude» the forced labor done by indians to Spaniards after the conquest. This relationship went beyond the boundaries of the encomienda and the tribute payment and collection system. This paper seek to show the way to understand and thought about the personal servitude in the Gobernación del Tucumán, studying particular laws issued for this region in sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Beneath the legal aspects of the indian labor was the way that this society conceive the relations between people of different status in the frame of the república and Catholic oeconomia.
- Published
- 2015
14. La oeconomica y su proyección para el justo gobierno de la república. San Miguel de Tucumán durante el siglo XVIII
- Author
-
Zamora, Romina Noemi
- Subjects
Historia y Arqueología ,HUMANIDADES ,purl.org/becyt/ford/6 [https] ,REGIMIENTO ,CORPORACION DE VECINOS ,REPUBLICA ,OECONOMIA ,purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1 [https] ,Historia - Abstract
El estudio sobre la oeconomica, el gobierno de la casa y la administración de sus relaciones y bienes a cargo del padre de familia, ha hecho un aporte fundamental al perfilar lo que podría considerarse la base propiamente constitucional del orden social de antiguo régimen y que, con algunas consideraciones, se podía hacer extensivo a la realidad hispanoamericana de los siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII. El ideal de casa poblada, con multitud de sirvientes, ha sido un modo de establecimiento doméstico bastante difundido entre las familias principales en las ciudades españolas en América, que si bien no era predominante, sí era el que poseía mayor carga simbólica en el mundo señorial, que se proyectaba, además, en la pertenencia política y en la capacidad de los padres de familia para ponerse al frente del gobierno de la ciudad, esto es, la república. En este trabajo proponemos observar la relación entre el gobierno de la casa y el gobierno de la república en algunos ejemplos de la tratadística modernas, y de qué manera se podía encontrar su praxis local en un espacio americano periférico a los centros de dominación monárquica, como el de San Miguel de Tucumán en el siglo XVIII. The study about Oeconomica, the housekeeping and managing relationships and assets by the parent, has made a fundamental contribution to shape what could be considered the proper constitutional basis of the social order of the old regime and that with some considerations could be extended to Latin American reality of the XVI, XVII and XVIII. The ideal of a home populated with a number of servants, has been a way of establishing domestic fairly widespread among the leading families in the Spanish cities in America, while not dominant, if you had more symbolic in the world manor , which projected further into political membership and the ability of parents to take charge of the city government, that is, the republic. Fil: Zamora, Romina Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Estudios Sociales. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Estudios Sociales; Argentina
- Published
- 2012
15. La aportación de los moralistas jesuitas a la teoría política de los siglos XVI y XVII
- Author
-
Martín López, David
- Subjects
Prudencia ,Oeconomía ,Teoría política ,Compañía de Jesús ,Tratados morales - Abstract
Actas de la XII Reunión Científica de la Fundación Española de Historia Moderna, celebrada en la Universidad de León en 19-21 de junio de 2012. David Martín López, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (davidmartinlopez@hotmail.com), A lo largo de la historia se ha estudiado el pensamiento político de los escritores jesuitas a través de sus personalidades más destacadas en esta materia, como Juan de Mariana y Francisco Suárez. En las siguientes páginas presentamos las contribuciones de una serie de autores que, desde la teología moral, abordaban temas y cuestiones relacionadas con el gobierno, su administración y ejercicio. A partir del establecimiento de una serie de normas de civismo y urbanidad para el individuo, estos jesuitas presentaban los distintos niveles en los que se podía practicar la política, desde el más básico como el dominio interno del propio individuo, hasta aquellos estados en los que se tuvieran personas a su cargo, como el rey, los gobernadores, los superiores de una Orden religiosa y el padre de familia, cuyo ámbito de acción es presentado como la base, no sólo de la sociedad, sino también de la política.
- Published
- 2012
16. Alteridad del pasado, indisciplina del presente Karl Polanyi, Otto Brunner y los usos de la Vieja Europa
- Author
-
Izquierdo Martín, Jesús, Editora Regional de Murcia, and UAM. Departamento de Historia Contemporánea
- Subjects
3 - Ciencias sociales ,Usos de la historia ,extrañamiento, alteridad ,Vieja Europa ,economía política ,oeconomía ,Alteridad ,Historia - Abstract
¿De qué manera podrían ayudarnos las investigaciones históricas de dos ciudadanos del desaparecido Imperio Austrohúngaro a reflexionar sobre las salidas posibles a la actual crisis europea? El presente artículo tiene como objetivo revisitar y actualizar la apuesta que en su momento hicieron Karl Polanyi y Otto Brunner por reivindicar la radical alteridad de la Vieja Europa con el fin de desestabilizar las pretensiones universalistas inherentes a las categorías de la economía política, categorías en las que seguimos estando atrapados, cercenando nuestro pensamiento alternativo., How could the research historical work of two citizens of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire help us think about possible solutions for the current European crisis? This article revisits and updates the Karl Polanyi’s and Otto Brunner’s project. They affirmed the radical otherness of the Old Europe in an attempt to destabilize the universalist claims, inherent to the fossilized categories of political economy. We are still nowadays caught by such categories, curtailing an alternative way of thinking.
- Published
- 2012
17. La oeconomica y su proyección para el justo gobierno de la república: San Miguel de Tucumán durante el siglo XVIII
- Author
-
Zamora, Romina and Zamora, Romina
- Abstract
The study about Oeconomica, the housekeeping and managing relationships and assets by the parent, has made a fundamental contribution to shape what could be considered the proper constitutional basis of the social order of the old regime and that with some considerations could be extended to Latin American reality of the XVI, XVII and XVIII. The ideal of a home populated with a number of servants, has been a way of establishing domestic fairly widespread among the leading families in the Spanish cities in America, while not dominant, if you had more symbolic in the world manor , which projected further into political membership and the ability of parents to take charge of the city government, that is, the republic. We propose to observe the relationship between the housekeeping and the government of the republic in some examples of modern treatises, and how you could find your local praxis American space peripheral to the centers of monarchical rule, as the San Miguel de Tucumán in the eighteenth century., El estudio sobre la oeconomica, el gobierno de la casa y la administración de sus relaciones y bienes a cargo del padre de familia, ha hecho un aporte fundamental al perfilar lo que podría considerarse la base propiamente constitucional del orden social de antiguo régimen y que, con algunas consideraciones, se podía hacer extensivo a la realidad hispanoamericana de los siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII. El ideal de casa poblada, con multitud de sirvientes, ha sido un modo de establecimiento doméstico bastante difundido entre las familias principales en las ciudades españolas en América, que si bien no era predominante, sí era el que poseía mayor carga simbólica en el mundo señorial, que se proyectaba, además, en la pertenencia política y en la capacidad de los padres de familia para ponerse al frente del gobierno de la ciudad, esto es, la república. En este trabajo proponemos observar la relación entre el gobierno de la casa y el gobierno de la república en algunos ejemplos de la tratadística modernas, y de qué manera se podía encontrar su praxis local en un espacio americano periférico a los centros de dominación monárquica, como el de San Miguel de Tucumán en el siglo XVIII.
- Published
- 2012
18. Statstjänare och jordägare : Adelsideologi i Per Brahe den äldres 'Oeconomia'
- Author
-
Eriksson, Bo and Eriksson, Bo
- Abstract
The starting point of this investigation into the Oeconomia eller Hushållsbok för ungt adelsfolk (“Householding book for young noblemen”) of Per Brahe (1520–1590) is that the 16th century was a time of change for the Swedish nobility. As the noble estate’s societal function changed – due to the successive development and establishment of the Vasa-dynasty state – new social roles emerged. Thereby the new roles acquired an ideological significance for the people intended to play them. This is the background against which Per Brahe’s decision to write the Oeconomia should be seen. When writing it in the 1580s, he had retired from public life. In the book he sums up his experiences as a nobleman over a lifetime characterised by civil service and landownership, and offers advice and instruction on the nobility’s way of life. I have reached results that allow us to speak of ideology in the Oeconomia and of clear-cut social roles tied to the aristocratic life project. Ideology emerges as a cohesive system of values and attitudes around a core social norm. This norm is expressed as an ideal of service that should be evident in people’s everyday life. A central idea is that all people serve their fellows and the whole of which they are part, the common good, and by extension, God. The ideal of service rests on a Christian foundation: every person is subject to God and the divine world order. This norm organises the other parts of the ideology, as the ideal of service forms the basis of recommendations for action (advice and instructions) and for how Per Brahe values society and humankind. The author offers a vision of a serving aristocracy with various social roles which is able, thanks to its resources, to assert itself as true nobility in relation to competing groups. This however leads to certain problems. Service at the royal court as means of subsistence is a source of great uncertainty. A nobleman must care for his own house and not neglect himself.
- Published
- 2008
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