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There is an evidence of a lower reported quality of life (QoL) among older persons living with human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) compared with younger people with the infection; however, this has not been a consistent finding. The purpose of this research was to provide a thorough overview of some of the situations experienced by HIV-positive elderly during the COVID-19 epidemic. A meta-analysis was conducted and reported in accordance with meta-analysis guidelines' recommended reporting items (PRISMA). The search was conducted between January, 2021 and March, 2022 using ScienceDirect, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Sabinet databases. From 12 articles summarized, various themes on the conditions of HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-positive parents during the pandemic were found, including symptoms experienced by older HIV-positive people during the COVID-19 pandemic and throughout the COVID-19 era, improved quality of life of HIV-positive parents, overview of the elderly with HIV with emerging comorbidities, and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in elderlies who suffer from HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic. HIV/AIDS-positive older individuals during the pandemic have less symptoms compared to non-HIV/ AIDS-positive elderly people. Moreover, throughout the COVID-19 era, the quality of life of HIV-positive parents has improved. It is also necessary to pay attention to HIV-positive elderly with comorbidities that arise. Also, MBSR for the older persons who suffer from HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic is also important.

Abdullah Alshibani,1– 3 Meshal Alharbi,1,2 Simon Conroy4 1Emergency Medical Services Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Health Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; 4MRC Lifelong Health & Ageing Unit, University College London, London, UKCorrespondence: Abdullah Alshibani, Emergency Medical Services Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, 14611, Saudi Arabia, Email alshibania@ksau-hs.edu.saAbstract: The proportion of older adults is increasing worldwide. Frailty assessment in prehospital care was suggested to improve triage decisions and paramedics’ judgment. This study aimed to assess the scope and nature of available evidence around frailty identification in prehospital care. A systematic search of the literature was performed using MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINHAL, and Web of Science to identify relevant articles published from January 2022 downwards. A list of indexed terms and their associated alternatives were pre-determined. Of the 71 identified and reviewed articles after removing duplicates, six articles were included in the review. Due to the heterogeneity of the included articles, the findings were described narratively. The findings of this review showed that the available evidence is limited and heterogenic. Two themes emerged from the findings of the included articles: 1) Paramedics’ Perceptions about Frailty Assessment in Prehospital Care and 2) Frailty Scores for Application in Prehospital Care. Paramedics recognised frailty assessment in pre-hospital care to be feasible and important. They highlighted the need for a simple and clear frailty score that could be used and mentioned to other healthcare professionals when handing over patients. Six frailty scores were reported to be used in prehospital care. The evidence around each frailty score is very limited. Overall, frailty assessment in prehospital care was shown to be important and feasible. Different frailty scores have been assessed for use in prehospital care. Further research investigating frailty identification in prehospital care is needed.Keywords: aging consumers, narrative analysis, health and well-being, paramedic*, emergency, older

Rainer Wirth,1,2 Rainer Dziewas,3 Anne Marie Beck,4 Pere Clavé,5 Shaheen Hamdy,6 Hans Juergen Heppner,7,8 Susan Langmore,9 Andreas Herbert Leischker,10 Rosemary Martino,11 Petra Pluschinski,12 Alexander Rösler,13 Reza Shaker,14 Tobias Warnecke,3 Cornel Christian Sieber,2,15 Dorothee Volkert2 1Department for Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, St Marien-Hospital Borken, Borken, Germany; 2Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany; 3Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany; 4Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Health and Technology, Metropolitan University College, Copenhagen, Denmark; 5Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermadades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Spain; 6Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK; 7Department of Geriatrics, Witten- Herdecke University, 8Helios Clinic Schwelm, Schwelm, Germany; 9Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; 10Department of Geriatrics, Alexianer Hospital Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany; 11Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 12Department of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; 13Department of Geriatrics, Marien Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; 14Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; 15Department of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, St John of God Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany Abstract: Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is a highly prevalent and growing condition in the older population. Although OD may cause very severe complications, it is often not detected, explored, and treated. Older patients are frequently unaware of their swallowing dysfunction which is one of the reasons why the consequences of OD, ie, aspiration, dehydration, and malnutrition, are regularly not attributed to dysphagia. Older patients are particularly vulnerable to dysphagia because multiple age-related changes increase the risk of dysphagia. Physicians in charge of older patients should be aware that malnutrition, dehydration, and pneumonia are frequently caused by (unrecognized) dysphagia. The diagnosis is particularly difficult in the case of silent aspiration. In addition to numerous screening tools, videofluoroscopy was the traditional gold standard of diagnosing OD. Recently, the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing is increasingly utilized because it has several advantages. Besides making a diagnosis, fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing is applied to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic maneuvers and texture modification of food and liquids. In addition to swallowing training and nutritional interventions, newer rehabilitation approaches of stimulation techniques are showing promise and may significantly impact future treatment strategies. Keywords: aspiration, dehydration, dysphagia, geriatric, malnutrition, older

We review the theory and practice of education with midlife and older adult populations and empirically address two theoretically guided research questions: (a) What are older adults' preferences for instructional strategies and techniques in programs? (b) What environmental considerations (e.g., lighting) do older adults perceive as important in influencing their attendance, participation, and satisfaction with programs? Data were collected from and compared among 264 adults representing four age groups: 50-64 (midlife), 65-74 (young old), 75-84 (old old), and 85 and over (oldest old). Recommendations for family life education practices with older adults are addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Older age at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Our objectives were to compare outcomes between older and younger patients in our clinical cohort in Jos, Nigeria., Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients enrolled on cART at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria between 2004 and 2012. We compared baseline and treatment differences between older (≥50 years) and younger (15-49 years) patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models estimated survival and loss to follow-up (LTFU) and determined factors associated with these outcomes at 24 months., Results: Of 8352 patients, 643 (7.7%) were aged ≥50 years. The median change in CD4 count from baseline was 151 vs 132 ( P = .0005) at 12 months and 185 vs 151 cells/mm 3 ( P = .03) at 24 months for younger and older patients, respectively. A total of 68.9% vs 71.6% ( P = .13) and 69.6% vs 74.8% ( P = .005) of younger and older patients achieved viral suppression at 12 and 24 months, with similar incidence of mortality and LTFU. In adjusted hazard models, factors associated with increased risk of mortality were male sex, World Health Organization (WHO) stage III/IV, and having a gap in care, whereas being fully suppressed was protective. The risk of being LTFU was lower for older patients, those fully suppressed virologically and with adherence rates >95%. Male sex, lack of education, WHO stage III/IV, body mass index <18.5 kg/m 2 , and having a gap in care independently predicted LTFU., Conclusions: Older patients achieved better viral suppression, and older age was not associated with increased mortality or LTFU in this study., (© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)