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Background: The oral health of preschool children remains a concern globally. Kindergarten and school nurses can improve oral health by reducing the incidence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) among children. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of kindergarten nurses about a proposed oral health promotion program to be implemented in primary health centres and kindergartens. Methods: The qualitative research used in-depth interviews of 12 kindergarten nurses who were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative data analysis software was used (NVivo9 MANUF). Four major themes emerged and were analysed to explore contextual patterns within the data. Results: The major themes included participants acknowledged the high prevalence of caries in children and identified several causes within the local context, including parental practices, poor dietary habits, the impact of cultural lack of oral health knowledge and limitations in the healthcare system. However, the study results' themes also revealed complex barriers and enablers regarding the implementation of the program highlighting interpersonal, structural, systemic, and social elements. Conclusion: Kindergarten nurses maintained an affirmative attitude towards oral health promotion programs and were enthusiastic about initiating and supporting these programs. This qualitative study brought out critical socio-biological-cultural factors that influence the oral health promotion of preschool children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Looking for materials from Scutellaria baicalensis to improve oral inflammation and eliminate bad breath led to one new compound, 5,7,2′,5′-tetrahydroxy-6′-methoxyflavone (1) and 32 known ones. Among of them, 3 flavones (11, 17, 18), 2 dihydroflavones (23, 25), 2 flavone glucosides (30, 32), and a chalcone (26) could inhibit oral anaerobic bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus mutans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Compounds 3, 14, 18 could inhibit oral bacterial Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 5, 8, 13 and 21 exhibited strong inhibitory NO production. Additionally, 14 and 26 showed good COX-1/2 inhibitory effects. These results indicated S. baicalensis has potential oral health benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Early Childhood Caries is a global health problem. The Bright Smiles Bright Futures (BSBF) program seeks to equip educators, children, and parents with skills and knowledge about oral health promotion habits early in life. The aim of this study was to examine parental perceptions of the BSBF program and identify key facilitators and barriers for its implementation. Methods: Twelve mothers of children who participated in the BSBF program in five Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) settings in NSW, Australia were recruited in this qualitative study. Data were collected via focus groups and interviews, transcribed verbatim and coded to categorize for inductive thematic analysis. Results: Five major themes emerged: Promoters of the BSBF oral health program, barriers to the BSBF oral health program implementation and participation, online resources, impact of the BSBF oral health program, and strategies for enhancing the BSBF oral health program. While participants reported that the program encouraged their children's toothbrushing, they found issues with the program's materials, ECEC center attendance, and communication about the oral health program with their children. The program improved message retention, attitudes, routines, and family perceptions toward oral health. Participants recommended oral health literacy, changed delivery formats, increased dental access, and inclusion of interactive elements to enhance the program. Conclusions: The findings from this study provide insight to improve parents' experiences and engagement in oral health promotion. This can help to raise awareness of the importance of child oral health among policymakers, healthcare professionals, and the public to inform public health policy discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Most oral diseases benefit from early detection by dental professionals. However, in the older population, regular dental attendance is low. This trial investigates whether a low-threshold check-up by a dental professional in a non-dental setting can motivate older persons to seek professional oral care. Methods A total of 194 community-dwelling persons aged 65 years and older, without a dental check-up over the last 12 months, will be recruited for this randomized, controlled, two-arm, single-blinded, superiority trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The intervention group will receive an oral examination including tailored oral health information. They will also be informed about the importance of regular dental visits and will be provided with referral letters for the dental professional and the family physician and a list of nearby dentists. In the control group, the oral examination including tailored information will not be performed. This group will only receive flyers with general oral hygiene information and a list of nearby dentists. The primary outcome is whether or not the participants will contact a dental professional within four months after the intervention. Discussion This study examines the efficacy of a low-threshold dental check-up intervention to motivate older adults to contact a dental professional and reactivate them into primary oral care, addressing barriers to oral care such as low health literacy, subjective treatment need, and dental anxiety. Key strategies include enhancing oral health knowledge, identifying existing oral issues, and involving family physicians. The study, set to run from April 2024 to March 2025, aims to inform future evidence-based oral health promotion strategies for community-dwelling older adults. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06341959. Registered on 25 April 2024.

Abstract Background The oral health of preschool children remains a concern globally. Kindergarten and school nurses can improve oral health by reducing the incidence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) among children. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of kindergarten nurses about a proposed oral health promotion program to be implemented in primary health centres and kindergartens. Methods The qualitative research used in-depth interviews of 12 kindergarten nurses who were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative data analysis software was used (NVivo9 MANUF). Four major themes emerged and were analysed to explore contextual patterns within the data. Results The major themes included participants acknowledged the high prevalence of caries in children and identified several causes within the local context, including parental practices, poor dietary habits, the impact of cultural lack of oral health knowledge and limitations in the healthcare system. However, the study results’ themes also revealed complex barriers and enablers regarding the implementation of the program highlighting interpersonal, structural, systemic, and social elements. Conclusion Kindergarten nurses maintained an affirmative attitude towards oral health promotion programs and were enthusiastic about initiating and supporting these programs. This qualitative study brought out critical socio-biological-cultural factors that influence the oral health promotion of preschool children.

Abstract Background Maintenance of oral health, prevention, and health promotion stand as primary competencies for dental graduates. Consequently, it is necessary to promote such an approach in dental schools, which are traditionally focused on treatment, to improve the attitude and practice of students in the field of prevention, the final result of which is the reduction of oral and dental diseases in patients. The study aimed to design Integrated Oral Health Care Pathways (IOHCPs) for adults and children referred to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), School of Dentistry. Methods The study was carried out in the clinical departments of the School of Dentistry during 2022–2023. The design process involved utilizing the NHS dental care pathway template and developing the initial model for the IOHCPs. Qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews with adult patients, parents of pediatric patients, and selected members of the interdisciplinary team (including researchers, experts, and policymakers), were employed to assess existing conditions, needs, and available facilities. The Delphi method was utilized to finalize the care pathway. Results Four Integrated Oral Health Care Pathways were formulated, covering dental caries, periodontal diseases, pre-cancerous lesions, and TMJ problems for adults, along with one IOHCP addressing dental caries for children aged 6 years and older, referred to the School of Dentistry. The design of these integrated care pathways was based on the primary prevention of oral diseases. Details, including risk assessment, follow-up times, related home care, and preventive interventions that should be conducted by dental students, were included in the care pathways. Conclusions This study focused on designing care pathways based on primary prevention for child and adult patients in dental settings, aiming to enhance patients' oral health by integrating prevention with treatment. The care pathways, designed according to the needs and facilities of the School of Dentistry of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, allow for continuous monitoring of the patients' oral health status and can be considered as a suitable initial model for other educational centers.

Background Increasing disease burden will elevate public health expenditures having an impact on the economy. Literatures confirm a low utilization rate of dental services and a high oral health disease burden among elders which is regarded as a heterogeneous population in India. There is long term existence of high prevalence of oral diseases. Oral health educational intervention is the most cost effective method as it has a positive impact on the oral hygiene status to prevent oral diseases. Successful oral health educational interventions need planning which requires information regarding oral hygiene practices of the population so that appropriate information education and communication content with mention about the pros and cons of the aids which are professionally recommended and those commonly used respectively could be developed to enhance oral health promotion. Aim and Objectives The aim of the study was to learn the oral hygiene practices among geriatric dental patients in Chennai. Materials and Methods An interview was conducted for 250 consented patients aged ≥60 years selected on a convenient sampling technique. Results The results were analyzed using frequencies from the coded data. Conclusion Majority of the geriatric dental patients were found to be practicing insufficient oral hygiene with aids which are usually not professionally recommended. The reported dental problems of the elders could be attributed to inadequate and improper oral hygiene practices which necessitate transition in the oral health attitude as the need of the hour strategy through urgent comprehensive oral care educational interventions.

Issued Addressed: Workplaces have considerable potential for enhancing personal resources and providing a supportive working environment for staff health, including oral health and well‐being. To date, assessments of workplace oral health promotion (WOHP) activities have observed benefits ranging from self‐reported oral health to clinical parameters. However, previous WOHP actions were not based on a theoretical framework and did not consider the working environment as part of the planning and evaluation process. Methods: This article used evidence‐based health promotion theoretical frameworks, and associated facilitators and barriers, in constructing an integrated and theoretically robust approach to planning and evaluating oral health promotion activities in the workplace. Results: The PRECEDE‐PROCEED Model for planning and evaluation, the reach effectiveness adoption implementation maintenance, and the Salutogenic Model of Health were chosen to complement each other in the planning and evaluation process, based on their different features and the applicability of those features to the workplace setting. Because of the limited literature in this area, the current article also used evidence from oral health promotion in other settings (including schools and the community) and general health promotion in the workplace to construct a theoretical framework for planning and evaluating WOHP activities. Conclusions: The theoretical framework developed could assist in planning or improving existing workplace health promotion programs that focus on or incorporate oral health elements. So What?: Future research on applying and adapting the proposed framework is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This systematic review investigates barriers and enablers to dental care utilization by disabled children. Given the high global prevalence of disabilities in children, coupled with poor oral hygiene and a 45% rate of dental caries in this group, developing inclusive oral health strategies is critical. The review aims to synthesize literature on factors affecting oral healthcare improvement for disabled children, identifying barriers, facilitators and knowledge gaps. Methods: The review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute's methods and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search spanned multiple databases, considering perspectives from carers, parents, dentists and health professionals. The focus was on studies involving children up to age 17 with disabilities, as defined by WHO, using dental care services. Exclusions included non‐qualitative studies, populations over 18 and nondisabled children. There were no restrictions on publication date or language. Thematic synthesis of the studies extracted themes related to barriers and enablers in oral healthcare for disabled children. Results: Thematic synthesis identified five overarching themes: stigma, communication issues, professional development, oral health education and medical‐dental collaboration. Facilitators included enhancing accessibility and availability of dental care through a holistic approach, improving dental care facility environments and ensuring skilled dental care providers. Discussion: The review underscores the importance of interprofessional collaboration, improved parent/caregiver education and specialized dental facilities to support children with disabilities. It identifies key barriers and facilitators in dental care, including challenging stereotypes, improving communication between providers and parents, enhancing holistic training and addressing gaps in oral health education and integrated healthcare systems. Conclusion: Addressing the complex dynamics of dental care for disabled children is essential for developing inclusive and effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. This review highlights the need for tailored approaches and enhanced support systems to improve oral health outcomes in this vulnerable population. Patient and Public Contribution: The members of the family support department, Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Organization for Rare Disease and Disability who provided the disability voice and contributed to providing input to the review protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aim: To assess the current situation regarding oral health status and system in Indonesia through the existing literature and government documents, identify challenges, and propose recommendations for the future. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted from June to October 2023 through the scientific databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, including published articles from 2013 to 2023. The following main keywords were used: "Indonesia," "oral health system," "oral healthcare system," "oral health policy," "oral health promotion," "oral health coverage," and "oral health status." Articles without any restrictions on study design, review articles, regional or national oral health reports, and Indonesian health laws or regulations were included. Data extracted from the included studies were synthesized and presented into several subgroups. Results: Despite the establishment of a health system in 1982, the oral health status of Indonesian people remains unsatisfying. The prevalence of untreated caries and periodontal disease is still high. Several policies and programs have been implemented to tackle those problems; however, Indonesia still has many challenges to overcome, including geographic constraints, uneven distribution of dental personnel, low public awareness and information on oral care utilization, insufficient resource allocation, and lack of prevention and promotion programs. Conclusion: The oral health status of the Indonesian population remains unsatisfactory. Future actions should emphasize on equal access and distribution of dental care, strengthen monitoring and evaluation of ongoing programs, integrate oral health into the national health agenda, and allocate adequate resources to support oral health initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Social media has evolved beyond its conventional purpose of communication and information sharing to become a potent tool for disseminating health and oral health awareness. This study seeks to assess the patterns and related factors of using social media platforms to access health and oral health information among Sri Lankan adults, with special emphasis to promotion of oral health awareness. Methods In March 2023, individuals aged ≥ 18 years residing in Sri Lanka, who are users of social media participated in this electronic questionnaire-based survey. Statistical analyses of the collected data were done using the SPSS version 21 software, with a p-value of

Background: The workplace is an ideal—and priority—setting for health promotion activities. Developing and implementing workplace health promotion interventions, including oral health promotion activities, can help create health‐supporting workplace environments. Objective: To pilot workplace oral health promotion activities among staff working in the aged care sector, report their impact and explore participants' views on the factors that contribute to participation and effectiveness. Methods: This study comprised three phases: (i) the development and face validation of the resources, (ii) a 3‐h educational session and (iii) five interview sessions with participants 4–6 weeks following the education session. The recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results: Eleven community‐aged care workforce were invited to five feedback sessions. Ten participants were female and ranged in age from 18 to 64. All participants gave favourable comments about the content and delivery of the training session and accompanying resources. The participants felt that the benefits of WOHP include improved staff knowledge, awareness and oral care routine, the ability to share (and put into practice) the gained knowledge and information with their dependants, a lower risk of having poor oral health that adversely affects their well‐being and work tasks, and potentially beneficial impacts on the organization's staff roster. Their attendance in the WOHP was facilitated by being paid to attend and scheduling the sessions during work time. Future WOHP suggestions include the possibility of a one‐stop dental check‐up at the workplace or staff dental care discounts from local dental practitioners and combining oral health with other health promotion activities. Conclusions: Planning and implementing WOHP was deemed acceptable and feasible in this study context and successfully achieved short‐term impacts among community‐aged care workers. Appropriate times and locations, organizational arrangements and a variety of delivery options contributed to successful programme planning and implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study reports on the process evaluation of an oral health promotion intervention for educators (principals and teachers) at early childhood development (ECD) centres within a low‐socioeconomic community in South Africa. This approach was based on the premise that oral health literacy plays a significant role in shaping personal health and serves as an impetus to influence change in others. Methods: Using a cross‐sectional, descriptive study design, 91 educators participated in the oral health intervention as part of their 1‐year ECD training programme. The pre‐test questionnaire measured perceived dental status, oral health‐related knowledge, attitudes and practices and impact of oral health problems on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL). The post‐test questionnaire evaluated the usefulness of the oral health workshop to participants, intentions for personal change as well as for the inclusion of oral health in their ECD centre programme. Results: Participants reported: having their natural teeth (80%), being happy with their mouth (56.2%), having oral problems (34%), inadequate oral hygiene practices (43%), dental visits when symptomatic (74%), a compromised OHRQoL and inadequate knowledge of oral problems experienced. Oral health promotion activities at ECD centres were limited, with only 34% reporting on toothbrushing programmes. Following the intervention, participants reported positively on aspects such as, the value of the workshop for themselves and their ECD centres, intentions for personal change to hygiene practices (56%), dietary practices (76%) and dental visits (63%). The incorporation of oral health education in their ECD centres was mentioned by most educators. Daily toothbrushing was noted by up to 40% while some highlighted their engagement with parents. Conclusion: Building oral health literacy among educators has the potential for personal change and serves as an impetus to introduce oral health promotion programmes at ECD centres. The findings may be used to advocate for oral health partnerships with established community‐based structures to increase access to oral care in ECD centres in underserved communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Increasing disease burden will elevate public health expenditures having an impact on the economy. Literatures confirm a low utilization rate of dental services and a high oral health disease burden among elders which is regarded as a heterogeneous population in India. There is long term existence of high prevalence of oral diseases. Oral health educational intervention is the most cost effective method as it has a positive impact on the oral hygiene status to prevent oral diseases. Successful oral health educational interventions need planning which requires information regarding oral hygiene practices of the population so that appropriate information education and communication content with mention about the pros and cons of the aids which are professionally recommended and those commonly used respectively could be developed to enhance oral health promotion. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to learn the oral hygiene practices among geriatric dental patients in Chennai. Materials and Methods: An interview was conducted for 250 consented patients aged ≥60 years selected on a convenient sampling technique. Results: The results were analyzed using frequencies from the coded data. Conclusion: Majority of the geriatric dental patients were found to be practicing insufficient oral hygiene with aids which are usually not professionally recommended. The reported dental problems of the elders could be attributed to inadequate and improper oral hygiene practices which necessitate transition in the oral health attitude as the need of the hour strategy through urgent comprehensive oral care educational interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Understanding the pathways linking caregiver- and family-level psychosocial factors and child oral health behaviors is critical for addressing oral health disparities. The current study examined the associations between caregiver psychosocial functioning and family chaos and child toothbrushing behaviors in children at high risk for poor oral health outcomes. Methods: Data were drawn from the baseline wave of the CO-OP Chicago Cohort Study (U01DE030067), a longitudinal study on child/caregiver dyads exploring oral health behaviors and caries development in young children (N = 296 dyads; child mean age = 5.36, SD = 1.03; caregiver mean age = 33.8 years, SD = 6.70; caregiver race = 43% Black; caregiver ethnicity = 55% Latinx). The oral health behavioral outcomes included child toothbrushing frequency, child plaque levels, and caregiver assistance with child toothbrushing. The data included demographics; caregiver depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, social functioning, social support, and resilience; and family-level household chaos. Results: Multiple regression models indicated that greater household chaos was significantly related to lower caregiver assistance with child toothbrushing (p = 0.0075). Additionally, caregiver anxiety and PTSD symptoms as well as number of children in the home significantly predicted higher levels of household chaos (p < 0.01). Notably, 18% of caregivers reported clinically significant PTSD. The relationships between caregiver-level psychosocial factors and child oral health behaviors were not significant. Conclusions: The results suggest household chaos may play an important role in child oral health behaviors and highlight the importance of investigating family-level factors for understanding and addressing child oral health risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to (1) develop evidence-based resources and (2) test face, content validity, and usability of a newly developed mobile application (app) to equip and empower caregivers with resources and skills to promote better oral health for autistic children. A series of resources on oral health, including information on oral diseases and home care and social stories on dental visits were developed. Concurrently, an app was developed by dentists, occupational therapist and software developers. The resources underwent content validation by an international panel of paediatric dentists (Expert Working Group). Face validation of the resources and usability testing of the app by parents were then carried out. Validation and feedback were obtained by the Delphi method, with consensus set at 70% agreement. A total of 12 resources and 2 social stories were developed. Consensus was achieved among the Expert Working Group regarding the content and illustrations of the resources and social stories. Both the Expert Working Group and parents agreed that the resources were easy to read and understand. Parents also found the app easy to use, aesthetically pleasing and help them to better care for their child's oral health. Caregivers of autistic children often lack knowledge regarding oral homecare and when and where to see the dentist. To address this need, we developed a series of information on oral health. An autistic child assisted in developing two social stories to showcase a dental visit. A mobile app was developed to deliver the above mentioned. Other features include creation of customised social stories and visual schedule and an inbox to allow dentists to send messages to parents. The developed information and social stories were reviewed by experts and parents. The app also underwent anonymous and independent testing by parents. Overall the information and app were well received by the experts and parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Australia, dental caries are observed in almost half of children starting school. Oral health promotion programs are being implemented in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings to promote oral health. This study examined children's perceptions of one such program, the Bright Smiles Bright Futures (BSBF) program in ECEC settings in New South Wales, Australia. Data were collected using focus group discussions from 15 children aged 3–5 years, transcribed verbatim, and analysed through inductive thematic analysis. Three themes were identified as follows: (i) oral health knowledge of children, (ii) oral hygiene practices routine and skills development, and (iii) evaluation of the oral health promotion kit and opportunities for improvement. Children's perspectives highlight the BSBF program's success in communicating key messages to promote oral health. The integration of family-centric approaches, acknowledgement of children's preferences, and the use of interactive tools collectively enhance the overall effectiveness of the oral health promotion program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The ascent of digital health promotion, encompassing telemedicine, teledentistry, mHealth, eHealth, mOralHealth, and social media, underscores the necessity for its adoption in advancing health promotion. Identifying barriers in digitalizing health promotion aids in overcoming obstacles and facilitating the effective integration of digital technologies for improved healthcare and health outcomes. Hence, this study aims to identify barriers to digitalizing oral health promotion among Malaysian dental public health specialists. Materials and Methods: Eight dental public health specialists from different ministries in Malaysia participated in the interviews using semi-structured questionnaires. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo software. Results: Thematic analysis identified three major themes with 19 sub-themes, totaling 51 occurrences across the interviews. Among these three major themes, the availability of a supportive environment or infrastructure was the most discussed among the respondents. Among all sub-themes, respondents perceived those facilities, resources, and infrastructure (n = 6); and poor internet connection and stability (n = 6) as significant barriers to adopting and implementing digitalized oral health promotion. Conclusions: This study provides a distinctive contribution to stakeholders, offering insights into the impediments hindering dental students and professionals from embracing digital health promotion. The study findings can be utilized as a guide to facilitate the integration of digital dentistry and address the related issues within a broader context, guided by existing regulatory frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An ealy first preventive dental visit for children is recommended no later than twelve months. However, still many children have their first dental visit relatively late. Aim: To evaluate whether active or passive referral by a well‐child care (WCC) physician of babies for a first preventive dental visit leads to earlier initiation of dental care. Design: From WCC clinics in two Dutch regions, 629 parents of babies participated. Parents received an active referral from a WCC physician for a dental visit for their babies (n = 204) or received care as usual (CAU) (n = 136) in one region and a passive referral (n = 143) or CAU (n = 146) in the other region. Active referral involved parents receiving a scheduled appointment at the dental practice, and passive referral involved parents making an appointment themselves. During the WCC visit, parents completed a baseline questionnaire. At age 2.5 years, parents received a follow‐up questionnaire about dental attendance. Results: Of the active referral intervention group, 59.3% had their first preventive dental visit in their first year compared with 3.7% in the CAU group (p <.001); for the passive referral group, 46.9% compared with 9.6% (p <.001). Conclusion: Referral of babies by WCC for their first preventive dental visit leads to earlier initiation of dental care. An active referral had a larger effect than passive referral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: School-based oral health promotion initiatives are essential for enhancing children’s and teenagers’ oral health outcomes. However, the long-term efficacy of these initiatives is yet unknown. Methods: Over the course of a year, 500 children between the ages of 6 and 12 years participated in prospective observational research. Two groups of 250 participants each—the intervention group and the control group—were created. While the control group only got basic oral health information, the intervention group participated in a full program aimed at promoting oral health. Over the course of 2 years, baseline data on the participants’ oral health condition were gathered, and follow-up evaluations were carried out every 6 months. Results: At the 12-month follow-up, the intervention group showed a substantial decrease in dental caries prevalence (15.2% vs. 23.6%, P < 0.001) as compared to the control group. In addition, the intervention group showed better oral hygiene habits than the control group (P < 0.001), such as decreased plaque index and more frequent brushing. In conclusion, school-based initiatives to promote oral health are successful in enhancing children’s and adolescents’ long-term dental health outcomes. These initiatives are essential in lowering the prevalence of dental caries and encouraging good oral hygiene habits. Ensuring the long-term dental health and well-being of future generations requires sustained investment in school-based oral health promotion efforts.

IntroductionGlobally, oral health diseases surpass all other non-communicable diseases in prevalence; however, they are not well studied in underserved regions, where accessibility to dental services and oral health education is disparately worse. In Ecuador, further research is needed to understand such disparities better. We aimed to assess the effect of oral health disease on individuals' quality of life and how social disparities and cultural beliefs shape this.MethodsIndividuals 18 or older receiving care at mobile or worksite clinics from May to October 2023 were included. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) measures, and extra-oral photographs (EOP).ResultsThe sample (n = 528) included mostly females (56.25%) with a mean age of 34.4 ± 9.44. Most participants (88.26%) reported brushing at least twice daily, and less than 5% reported flossing at least once per day. The median OHRQoL score was 4 (min-max), significantly higher among individuals ≥40 years old, holding high school degrees, or not brushing or flossing regularly (p

Background: The majority of oral diseases, which are among the most common illnesses worldwide, can be avoided. Adequate oral health depends on establishing significant tooth brushing routines to prevent gingivitis and dental caries and controlling the consumption of sugared foods. Elementary schools are a potential target for these interventions to support children in developing healthy behaviors independently. Large scale school-based programs are effective in reducing preventable diseases through cost-effective interventions. Objectives: To establish and assess a new activity-based approach for teaching schoolchildren regarding tooth brushing, by using egg cartons as models for teeth. Materials and Methods: Two methods of teaching tooth brushing technique to school children of age group of 8–12 years were compared: (i) Conventional method (n = 15): Instructions on study model (ii) egg carton simulation method (n = 15): Hands-on activity on egg cartons as simulated models. The outcome assessed was the plaque index (Silness and Loe, 1964). Gender-wise comparisons were done using a Chi-square test for comparing the categorical variables. Results: Plaque scores compared using an independent t-test showed significant improvement in the egg carton group after the teaching sessions (P < 0.01 for the egg carton method). Conclusion: The egg carton simulation method is an effective method for plaque removal compared to the conventional approach as there is significant plaque score reduction in children after the teaching session.

Purpose: To clinically assess the effects of a mouthwash containing an extract of Sambucus williamsii var. coreana, a natural ingredient, on halitosis and halitosis-causing bacteria. Materials and Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study included 77 participants. The experiment was conducted at Misoplant Dental Clinic in Busan, South Korea. Participants were divided into two groups: a control group consisting of 38 participants, to who whom a saline gargle was administered 1x/day for 30 s, and an experimental group consisting of 39 participants, who used a mouthwash containing Sambucus williamsii var. coreana extract 1x/day for 30 s for 1 day or 5 days. Halitosis was measured for 30 s in the absence of brushing or moisture. A sterile #15 paper point was placed in the gingival sulcus for 10 s, after which it was analysed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The measurement time points were defined as follows: 'baseline': before starting the gargling routine; '1 day of treatment': immediately after gargling once on day 1; '5 days of treatment ': after gargling once a day for 5 days. Clinical results were statistically analysed using SPSS 24.0 for Windows. Results: Compared to the control group, halitosis clearly decreased in the experimental groups '5 days of treatment' and '1 day of treatment' (p < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the levels of halitosiscausing bacteria between the two groups; bacterial concentration in the experimental group decreased statistically significantly from day 1 to day 5 day of gargling with Sambucus williamsii var. coreana extract (p < 0.05). Accordingly, we clinically verified that Sambucus williamsii var. coreana has antibacterial effects against oral bacteria. Conclusion: The application of Sambucus williamsii var. coreana extracts effectively reduced halitosis and halitosiscausing bacteria. Therefore, mouthwashes containing Sambucus williamsii var. coreana extract can be used as an effective substitute for chemical formulations for treating halitosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Oral health of preschool children remains a concern globally. Primary healthcare providers are in a vital position to support preventive oral care programmes. This study explored current practices, perception and barriers of primary health care professionals towards oral health promotion program of children in Qatar. Methods The qualitative research used focus group discussions and interviewed a total of 108 participants that were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Four major themes emerged and were analysed to explore contextual patterns within the data. Results Participants acknowledged the high prevalence of caries in children and identified the causes in the local context which included parental practices, poor dietary habits, impact of culture lack of oral health knowledge, limitations in the healthcare system, and negative role of the media. However, complex barriers were exposed, including lack of time and ownership, system coordination between organizations, and lack of policy. Conclusion Health professionals and bureaucrats involved in decision-making held a positive attitude towards oral health prevention programs and were enthusiastic to initiate and support these programs.

Abstract Background Parents of preschool children have inadequate oral health knowledge in Hong Kong. Parents play a critical role in preschool children’s dietary patterns and oral health behaviors. A school-based oral health promotion (OHP) for parents of preschoolers was developed and investigated. Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of the school-based OHP for parents of preschool children on parents’ oral health knowledge and preschool children’s early childhood caries (ECC). Materials and methods This was a quasi-experimental study. Parents of preschool children were divided into the intervention group (IG) and the control group (CG) according to their own selection. Parents in the IG participated in a structured school-based OHP workshop, while those in the CG did not attend the OHP workshop. Parents in both groups were invited to complete a questionnaire assessing their oral health knowledge before (T0), one month after (T1), and twelve months after (T2) the OHP workshop. Preschool children’s caries was examined via dmft score at T0 and T2. Results Parents’ oral health knowledge was negatively correlated with preschool children’s dmft scores (R = -0.200, P

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in a high socioeconomic burden. Growing evidence has shown a link between oral diseases and several chronic conditions including CVDs. The focus of this review is to investigate and summaries the evidence surrounding oral health interventions and their potential impact on reducing both the risk and/or severity of CVDs.MethodsA scoping review was conducted to examine oral health interventions for managing CVD outcomes and risks. The review adhered to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework for evidence synthesis and followed the reporting standards outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis- extension to Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR). A systematic search across EBSCOhost, PubMed, and Scopus databases from 2012 to 2024 was utilized to identify relevant studies. Inclusion criteria focused on English language articles with a sample size of at least 50, evaluating the impact of oral health interventions on CVD outcomes.ResultsOut of the initial 2,154 studies identified in the search, 12 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. Overall, the studies revealed that along with surgical and non-surgical periodontal therapy, regular oral hygiene care practices, including toothbrushing, tongue brushing, and flossing, significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. These interventions in patients with or without CVD baseline have shown a decrease in CVD risk markers as well as a reduction in bacterial colonization. Similarly, consistent oral hygiene routines, combined with regular dental visits, were associated with a lower risk of heart failure and CVD risk mortality.ConclusionThe evidence extracted from this review suggests that periodontal therapy, regular dental cleaning, and re-enforcing of oral health regimes can stabilize oral health conditions and subsequently improve CVD progression/risks. However, limited to no evidence exists regarding the therapeutic effects of oral health promotion in managing CVD markers and its direct impact on disease outcomes, warranting further investigation.

IntroductionIn this study, we aimed to understand adolescents' perspectives on oral health care and promotion. Our research was conducted in the context of Norway's oral health care system, where societal factors like income and education influence health disparities. Despite free public dental care for all residents younger than 19 years, challenges persist in promoting oral health among adolescents, a group whose oral health behavior and literacy remain largely unexplored.Materials and methodsA thematic analysis of an anonymized dataset from 80 adolescents aged 12–20 years was conducted.ResultsFive central themes were recognized: (1) Feeling fresh vs. feeling indifferent: A broad spectrum of attitudes; (2) Bridging gaps, building habits: Collaborative efforts in oral care; (3) “Create good experiences at the dentist so people come back again”; (4) Requested qualities in oral health promoting solutions; (5) Reminder tools for everyday use. Taken together, these themes highlight adolescents' oral health practices and resources, recommendations for dental clinics, and visions for future oral health promotion.DiscussionBased on the results, the discussion highlights a need for tailored oral health promotion and ideas to reach adolescents in meaningful and effective ways. Reflections on the theme of social inequalities are provided.

Background: Previous studies indicate that poor oral health may constitute a barrier for labour market success. This study examines whether an oral health promotion intervention has an effect on economic self-support, and proximity to the labour market, among socially disadvantaged unemployed people. Methods: From April–June 2018, we enrolled 273 vulnerable people on welfare benefits into a randomised controlled trial. Participants were allocated to either control (n =159), or intervention (n =114). Intervention consisted of individual support to improve individuals' oral health by reducing significant barriers to dental care. Ten participants were excluded, leaving 263 participants (intervention n =110, control n =153) for analyses. A national register was used to assess economic self-support and proximity to the labour market within 1.5 years post-intervention. Items of information on health and socio-demographics were obtained from a questionnaire and from national registers. Logistic and multiple linear regression modelling was performed. Results: Overall, higher frequencies of economic self-support and proximity to the labour market were found in the intervention group, although no significant results were seen for economic self-support alone. Adjusted models revealed significantly higher odds (odds ratio=1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.08–3.17) among the intervention group of achieving proximity to the labour market after 12 months. After 18 months, the intervention group had on average obtained 5 more weeks (95% confidence interval 0.02–9.99) with proximity to the labour market. Conclusions: Overall, the oral health promotion intervention had a positive effect on proximity to the labour market in the intervention group, especially within the first year of the study. Our findings suggest that interventions promoting oral health among socially disadvantaged and unemployed groups may contribute to social rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The majority of oral diseases, which are among the most common illnesses worldwide, can be avoided. Adequate oral health depends on establishing significant tooth brushing routines to prevent gingivitis and dental caries and controlling the consumption of sugared foods. Elementary schools are a potential target for these interventions to support children in developing healthy behaviors independently. Large scale school-based programs are effective in reducing preventable diseases through cost-effective interventions. Objectives: To establish and assess a new activity-based approach for teaching schoolchildren regarding tooth brushing, by using egg cartons as models for teeth. Materials and Methods: Two methods of teaching tooth brushing technique to school children of age group of 8--12 years were compared: (i) Conventional method (n = 15): Instructions on study model (ii) egg carton simulation method (n = 15): Hands-on activity on egg cartons as simulated models. The outcome assessed was the plaque index (Silness and Loe, 1964). Gender-wise comparisons were done using a Chi-square test for comparing the categorical variables. Results: Plaque scores compared using an independent t-test showed significant improvement in the egg carton group after the teaching sessions (P < 0.01 for the egg carton method). Conclusion: The egg carton simulation method is an effective method for plaque removal compared to the conventional approach as there is significant plaque score reduction in children after the teaching session. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Dental anxiety in children is associated with poor oral health outcomes and becomes a problem in patient management, thus avoiding the dentist. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between children's anxiety about dental care with age and gender in coastal communities. Materials and Methods: This type of research is analytically observational with a cross-sectional approach. Conducted on children aged 6-12 years in Bulukumba Regency, Indonesia, in July 2022. The sampling technique was coincidental with the criteria of being willing to fill out a questionnaire instrument totaling 241 samples. Results: The relationship between dental care anxiety and age showed anxiety (47.7%) with p-value=0.00; there was a significant relationship. According to gender, the male gender group answered anxiety (23.7%) while women (24.1%) with pvalue= 0.04; there is a significant relationship. Conclusion: In coastal communities, children of a certain age have a low level of anxiety, and there is a significant relationship between anxiety related to dental care and children's age and gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adolescents living in rural areas are more likely to have poorer oral health compared with their metropolitan counterparts. Co‐design is emerging as an effective method for developing health promotion programs that meets the needs of stakeholders; however, little evidence exists to inform successful co‐designed oral health promotion programs for rural adolescents. Objective: The aim of this study is to understand the value of a co‐designed oral health promotion program undertaken with rural adolescents in northeast Victoria with objectives to: Co‐design an oral health promotion program with rural adolescents.Evaluate the program for appropriateness, acceptability, and feasibility.Make recommendations for program refinement and scalability. Design: Study participants included year 11 and 12 students in a rural secondary school in Northern Victoria (n=2), who collaboratively along with schoolteachers, and the local health service staff led by an oral health therapist, co‐designed, and delivered an oral gealth promotion program in their schools. This qualitative study used semi‐structured group interviews (n = 8) to evaluate the co‐design process and impact. Audio‐recorded interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed using a co‐design evaluation toolkit as a framework for analysis. Findings: Qualitative inductive analysis revealed three main thematic categories around participant benefits (intended and unintended learning outcomes; interpersonal skills), the quality of the process (value of co‐design, qualities of facilitators, and engagement); and scalability and replicability. Conclusion: The study indicates that co‐design was both acceptable and appropriate for designing an oral health promotion program for rural adolescents delivering unexpected benefits. Building the capacity of schoolteachers could offer sustainable and cost‐effective solutions for scalability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral health promotion initiatives must be evidence‐based and consistent with broader health messaging. The Oral Health Messages for the Australian Public were first produced in 2009 and sought to enable a focused, and strategic approach to oral health promotion in Australia. As the evidence base and needs of the Australian population have since changed, this consensus statement was updated in 2022–2023. Methods: The process of updating the messages consisted of 3 phases (preparatory phase, the Delphi technique, final revision phase). The preparatory phase included public and expert consultation, an umbrella review of published scientific literature and review of available recommendations, policies and guidelines. The Delphi technique used in this study was guided by Guidance on Conducting and REporting DElphi Studies (CREDES) and included 2 voting rounds. There were 70 experts in round 1 and 60 experts in round 2. Delphi participants comprised of experts from a variety of fields to ensure diversity and inclusion, balance expertise and maximize stakeholder representation. Consensus was defined as 75% agreement. Results: A total of 11 messages were included in the 2022 update of Oral Health Messages for Australia. Conclusion: The updated oral health messages will support oral health promotion policy and activity at both individual and population level to improve the oral health of Australians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Understanding the pathways linking caregiver- and family-level psychosocial factors and child oral health behaviors is critical for addressing oral health disparities. The current study examined the associations between caregiver psychosocial functioning and family chaos and child toothbrushing behaviors in children at high risk for poor oral health outcomes. Methods: Data were drawn from the baseline wave of the CO-OP Chicago Cohort Study (U01DE030067), a longitudinal study on child/caregiver dyads exploring oral health behaviors and caries development in young children (N = 296 dyads; child mean age = 5.36, SD = 1.03; caregiver mean age = 33.8 years, SD = 6.70; caregiver race = 43% Black; caregiver ethnicity = 55% Latinx). The oral health behavioral outcomes included child toothbrushing frequency, child plaque levels, and caregiver assistance with child toothbrushing. The data included demographics; caregiver depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, social functioning, social support, and resilience; and family-level household chaos. Results: Multiple regression models indicated that greater household chaos was significantly related to lower caregiver assistance with child toothbrushing (p = 0.0075). Additionally, caregiver anxiety and PTSD symptoms as well as number of children in the home significantly predicted higher levels of household chaos (p < 0.01). Notably, 18% of caregivers reported clinically significant PTSD. The relationships between caregiver-level psychosocial factors and child oral health behaviors were not significant. Conclusions: The results suggest household chaos may play an important role in child oral health behaviors and highlight the importance of investigating family-level factors for understanding and addressing child oral health risk.

Background: Oral health of preschool children remains a concern globally. Primary healthcare providers are in a vital position to support preventive oral care programmes. This study explored current practices, perception and barriers of primary health care professionals towards oral health promotion program of children in Qatar. Methods: The qualitative research used focus group discussions and interviewed a total of 108 participants that were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Four major themes emerged and were analysed to explore contextual patterns within the data. Results: Participants acknowledged the high prevalence of caries in children and identified the causes in the local context which included parental practices, poor dietary habits, impact of culture lack of oral health knowledge, limitations in the healthcare system, and negative role of the media. However, complex barriers were exposed, including lack of time and ownership, system coordination between organizations, and lack of policy. Conclusion: Health professionals and bureaucrats involved in decision-making held a positive attitude towards oral health prevention programs and were enthusiastic to initiate and support these programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Parents of preschool children have inadequate oral health knowledge in Hong Kong. Parents play a critical role in preschool children's dietary patterns and oral health behaviors. A school-based oral health promotion (OHP) for parents of preschoolers was developed and investigated. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of the school-based OHP for parents of preschool children on parents' oral health knowledge and preschool children's early childhood caries (ECC). Materials and methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Parents of preschool children were divided into the intervention group (IG) and the control group (CG) according to their own selection. Parents in the IG participated in a structured school-based OHP workshop, while those in the CG did not attend the OHP workshop. Parents in both groups were invited to complete a questionnaire assessing their oral health knowledge before (T0), one month after (T1), and twelve months after (T2) the OHP workshop. Preschool children's caries was examined via dmft score at T0 and T2. Results: Parents' oral health knowledge was negatively correlated with preschool children's dmft scores (R = -0.200, P < 0.001). Oral health knowledge was significantly improved in IG (P < 0.001) but not in CG (P = 0.392) at T1. Both groups experienced a significant improvement in oral health knowledge from T0 to T2 (P < 0.001). Parents' oral health knowledge in the IG was significantly higher compared to the CG at T1 (P < 0.001), but difference in the scores at T2 between the two groups showed no significant difference (P = 0.727). No significant difference was found in changes in children's dmft score from T0 to T2 between the IG and CG (p = 0.545). Conclusion: Preschool children's high ECC is associated with the limited oral health knowledge of their parents. The school-based OHP workshop for parents increased parents' oral health knowledge within one month. This positive effect was maintained for twelve months and can be extended to a larger scale in the school setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parents of children usually understand the importance of getting primary care pediatric well-child checkups during certain stages of childhood, yet few know the importance of early routine dental visits to proactively incorporate good oral hygiene and relate the connection of oral care to overall systemic physical health. The purpose was to determine the impact of integrating oral health screening, intervention, and referral into the pediatric well-child visit. Children (aged 0–18 years) received oral health screening, oral photographs, fluoride varnish, oral health education, and referral during well-child visits. Forty-two percent of our population had never had a dental examination. Fifty-eight percent had no established dental home, and 73% drank sugar-sweetened beverages weekly. The overall impact of this model was providing comprehensive oral health care to children who have never been to the dentist and providing a smooth transition between medical and dental, increasing access to care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Since 2004, the Children’s Oral Health Initiative (COHI) has been working in many First Nations and Inuit communities in Canada to address oral health disparities, specifically early childhood caries (ECC). The COHI community-based approach improves early childhood oral health (ECOH) by balancing prevention with minimally invasive dentistry. The goal is to reduce the burden of oral disease, mainly by minimizing the need for surgery. We investigated program success in First Nations communities in the province of Manitoba, from the perspective of COHI staff. Methods: First Nations community-based dental therapists and dental worker aides participated in three focus groups and an in-depth semistructured interview. The collected data were thematically analyzed. Results: Data from 22 participants yielded converging and practitioner-specific themes. Participants reported that dental therapists and dental worker aides provide access to basic oral care in their communities including oral health assessments, teeth cleaning, fluoride varnish applications and sealants. The participants agreed that education, information sharing and culturally appropriate parental engagement are crucial for continuous support and capacity building in the community programs. Low enrolment, difficulty accessing homes and getting consent, limited human resources as well as lack of educational opportunities for dental worker aides were identified challenges. Conclusion: Overall, the participants reported that the COHI program positively contributes to ECOH in First Nations communities. However, increased community-based training for dental workers, community awareness about the program, and engagement of parents to facilitate culturally appropriate programming and consent processes are critical to improving program outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral health education of school teachers will surely have a direct influence on evolving oral habits at an inchoate stage and assuredly help to garner oral health knowledge in children. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of school teachers about pediatric oral health and the assessment of the impact of a webinar training intervention in improving their knowledge. Methods: A total of 153 teachers participated in the research. A self‑administered, 30‑item questionnaire was designed in the English language and consisted of two sections: the first section included demographic details; the second section included 30 questions on pediatric oral health with three divided subsections as follows: Subsection A (including 7 questions): Questionnaire on general pediatric oral health, Subsection B (including 9 questions): Questionnaire on preventive pediatric oral health, Subsection C (including 14 questions): Questionnaire on clinical pediatric oral health. After receiving Google forms, all the participants participated in an oral health education webinar program using a web-based online education training protocol on the Zoom platform. After this webinar training session, post-training assessment of the oral health knowledge scores was done using the same online semi‑structured self‑administered questionnaire. Results: The inadequacy in knowledge of school teachers was evident and they need to be trained in many preventive and clinical protocols of pediatric oral health. However, a highly statistically significant increase (P < 0.001) in mean knowledge scores of school teachers was seen after a 1‑day training program. Conclusion: The training method was well received and improved the knowledge of school teachers on pediatric oral health.

Introduction: Preventive dentistry refers to dental practices that help to preserve good oral health throughout an individual's lifetime. However, studies on the utilization of preventive dental services among older patients are limited. This study aimed to explore factors associated with the utilization of preventive dental services among elderly patients attending a university dental hospital in Thailand. Material and methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted between February 15 and March 30, 2023. We comprised secondary data from patients over 60 years of age who visited the Faculty of Dentistry between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. This data was retrieved from the dental hospital resource system. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's Chi-Square test, and multivariable logistic regression were performed to analyze the data. Results: There were 367 participants in this study. Most participants were women (59.0 %) and younger than 70 years old (55.6 %). Bivariate analyses indicated that patients with adequate dental health insurance (p = 0.016) and those receiving regular dental care (p = 0.021) had higher utilization of preventive dental services. Multivariable logistic regression confirmed statistically significant associations between high utilization of preventive dental services and adequate dental health insurance (p = 0.020) and regular dental visits (p = 0.020). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that elderly patients without adequate dental insurance and those who did not visit the dentists regularly are less likely to utilize preventive dental services. To bolster preventive care utilization, policymakers should prioritize and promote regular dental visits and enhance dental insurance benefits for older people.

Despite being largely preventable, oral diseases are the major contributor to chronic conditions nationally and globally. If left untreated, oral diseases have many harmful effects throughout life on our patients including pain and infection, and can lead to difficulties with eating, sleeping, socialising and wellbeing. Oral health inequalities exist across our population, and particularly affect vulnerable, disadvantaged and socially excluded groups in society. Oral health is a key indicator for overall health, and is inextricably interlinked with general health. Hence, existing health messages that community nursing teams provide contribute towards oral health. Community nurses are in an established position to provide and reinforce positive oral health messages to their patients, as well as signpost to available dental services. This paper aims to support community nurses with a practical resource for key evidence-based oral health preventative advice, and input into how their patients can access dental care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral health promotion initiatives must be evidence-based and consistent with broader health messaging. The Oral Health Messages for the Australian Public were first produced in 2009 and sought to enable a focused, and strategic approach to oral health promotion in Australia. As the evidence base and needs of the Australian population have since changed, this consensus statement was updated in 2022-2023. Methods: The process of updating the messages consisted of 3 phases (preparatory phase, the Delphi technique, final revision phase). The preparatory phase included public and expert consultation, an umbrella review of published scientific literature and review of available recommendations, policies and guidelines. The Delphi technique used in this study was guided by Guidance on Conducting and REporting DElphi Studies (CREDES) and included 2 voting rounds. There were 70 experts in round 1 and 60 experts in round 2. Delphi participants comprised of experts from a variety of fields to ensure diversity and inclusion, balance expertise and maximize stakeholder representation. Consensus was defined as 75% agreement. Results: A total of 11 messages were included in the 2022 update of Oral Health Messages for Australia. Conclusion: The updated oral health messages will support oral health promotion policy and activity at both individual and population level to improve the oral health of Australians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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There is limited literature and no reviews on oral health promotion activities in the workplace to guide planning and practice. This review summarizes evidence about oral health promotion activities in the workplace (nature and extent), its impact and the factors that facilitate or act as barriers to implementation. Using the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, scientific articles written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals up to April 2021, from six databases (Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE and Emcare) were screened and selected. The full texts of 95 articles were then considered; 21 articles met the inclusion criteria of using oral health status or oral health predisposing factors as primary outcome after an intervention in the workplace. Almost all included articles took a quantitative approach (n  = 18), two used a qualitative design and another used a mixed-method approach. The most common activities were personalized or group oral health education interventions and oral health screenings conducted by a dental professional. Two studies reported the cost-benefit of workplace oral health promotion (WOHP). The literature indicated that WOHP interventions can be successful in achieving improvements in oral health, measured using a range of clinical (plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, periodontal inflammation) and self-rated oral health indicators. Based on the limited literature available, WOHP may have benefits for employee oral health and employers, and the support of managers and organizations potentially improves the success of programmes. The workplace would appear to be an ideal setting to promote oral health. However, there is limited information to guide oral health promotion planning and implementation, and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Australia, dental caries are observed in almost half of children starting school. Oral health promotion programs are being implemented in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings to promote oral health. This study examined children’s perceptions of one such program, the Bright Smiles Bright Futures (BSBF) program in ECEC settings in New South Wales, Australia. Data were collected using focus group discussions from 15 children aged 3–5 years, transcribed verbatim, and analysed through inductive thematic analysis. Three themes were identified as follows: (i) oral health knowledge of children, (ii) oral hygiene practices routine and skills development, and (iii) evaluation of the oral health promotion kit and opportunities for improvement. Children’s perspectives highlight the BSBF program’s success in communicating key messages to promote oral health. The integration of family-centric approaches, acknowledgement of children’s preferences, and the use of interactive tools collectively enhance the overall effectiveness of the oral health promotion program.

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Background: Health coaching-based interventions can support behaviour change to improve oral health. This scoping review aims to identify key characteristics of health coaching-based interventions for oral health promotion. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute manual for evidence synthesis were used in this review. A search strategy using medical subject heading terms and keywords was developed and applied to search the following databases: CINAHL, Ovid, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus. Thematic analysis was used to synthesise the data. Results: Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. These studies were predominantly based on health coaching and motivational interviewing interventions applied to oral health promotion. The following are the characteristics of health coaching-based interventions extracted from themes of the included studies: (a) Health professionals should be trained on the usage of motivational interviewing/health coaching interventions; (b) oral health professionals should acquire motivational techniques in their practice to engage patients and avoid criticisms during the behaviour change process; (c) routine brief motivational interviewing/health coaching intervention sessions should be introduced in dental clinics; (d) traditional oral health education methods should be supplemented with individually tailored communication; and (e) for cost-effectiveness purposes, motivational interviewing/health coaching strategies should be considered. Conclusions: This scoping review reveals that health coaching-based techniques of health coaching and motivational interviewing can significantly impact oral health outcomes and behaviour change and can improve oral health professional–patient communication. This calls for the use of health coaching-based techniques by dental teams in community and clinical settings. This review highlights gaps in the literature, suggesting the need for more research on health coaching-based intervention strategies for oral health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]