1. İslam Hukukunda Koku Sürünmenin Hükümleri.
- Author
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ARAZ, Ramazan
- Abstract
This study aims to clarify the rulings of wearing fragrances in Islamic law. Pleasant fragrances have been used throughout history by different communities, including prophets for various purposes such as healing, personal care, or religious reasons. Pleasant fragrances have many benefits for humans, the foremost of which is enhancing memory. Fragrances also directly affect the memory, causing the formation of certain emotions or memories. Another remarkable feature of fragrances is that they can arouse human lust. Fragrant plants exist in nature in different types. They are classified into three categories: those cultivated solely for their fragrance, those cultivated for other purposes, and those cultivated both for their fragrance and for other purposes. This classification is significant in terms of the rulings on wearing fragrance. Islam, aiming to protect the happiness of man in this world and the hereafter, has introduced certain rules regarding fragrances, which have a quality that affects human nature. Our Prophet (peace be upon him) expressed that fragrance has been made dear to him, wore fragrance for daily care, and recommended it to his ummah. Islam considers commendable (mustaḥab) to wear fragrance for Friday and Eid prayers, and before entering the state of iḥrām in order to be clean and well-groomed in gatherings. However, for certain reasons, it is forbidden for those in iḥrām to wear fragrance, for women to wear fragrance in the presence of non-maḥram men, and for women who are in their waiting period due to their husband’s death or a irrevocable divorce. The reason behind these prohibitions for women is to prevent the immorality that might arise due to the sexual attraction that fragrance can provoke. Another reason for the prohibition on women in the waiting period is that grooming and adornment are not improper with mourning. This is because engaging in grooming and beauty enhancing activities during a time of sorrow is not only inherently wrong, but also considered improper behavior by society. Wearing fragrance is also one of the prohibitions of ihram. The reason behind this prohibition is that fragrance is incompatible with spirit of ihram. There are some financial sanctions for violating this prohibition. Fragrances produced in the last century generally contain various additives such as alcohol. Therefore, there is a dispute regarding the impurity of fragrances containing additives such as perfume and cologne. Some scholars state that these substances, being impure, would invalidate acts of worship that require purity from najāsa. Other scholars do not consider these substances impure. The rulings on fragrance use reveal how much importance and value Islam attaches to human nature. Indeed, the encouragement of wearing fragrance in certain cases is based on the wisdom of demanding the benefit that will arise. Conversely, prohibiting the same act in other cases aims to prevent greater harm that may arise. Therefore, analyzing the legal rulings on wearing fragrance reveals the delicate balance observed by Islamic law in issuing its rulings. The rulings on wearing fragrance are found scattered under different topics in classical fiqh works. Although there are few studies conducted on wearing fragrance in the modern era, those addressing the issue from a fiqh perspective are inadequate in terms of quality and scope. Thus, there is a need for a study that addresses the situations where wearing fragrance is recommended, the situations where it is prohibited, and and what are the sanctions for them, together with their evidences, from a fiqh perspective. This study examines the rulings on wearing fragrance according to the four schools, primarily the Ḥanafi school, under various headings. It also analyzes the use of cologne and perfume, which are subject to various disputes due to their additives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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