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Context: Vocational teachers are called to constantly meet the upcoming needs in social and working life. In Sweden, the high demand for vocational teachers has led to their recruitment in the early stages of vocational teacher studies or even before teacher training. Entering this new community of practice, vocational teachers cross boundaries between their previous occupation and their teaching job, mediating the introduction of competence between them. In this context, the study explores vocational teachers' competence through their own perceptions, addressing important competence areas, as well as how competence is understood. Approach: The study employs a socio-cultural perspective on learning. Communities of practice establish their regime of competence, a set of principles and expectations that recognise membership. To be competent is translated as understanding the shared enterprise of the community, being capable and allowed to engage in it and, thus, interact with the other members and with the available resources. Hence, what is expected by members to know and to be is defined by the regime of competence and, hence, by the community. Comprised of 14 semi-structured interviews with vocational teachers in different vocational disciplines, employed both in upper secondary and adult education schools, the study adopts a qualitative research strategy. The research material was analysed thematically. Findings: According to findings, important competence comprise of up-to-date vocational competence supporting the performance of vocational teaching, but also interpersonal competence, including good communication and the construction of a close relationship with the students. The student-teacher relationship serves as the basis to match students with their work placement, facilitating higher work-based training quality. Moreover, maintaining a continuous development attitude and openness to critique are crucial for teachers. Finally, teachers approach competence f

Seit 2018 vergleicht das Ranking der Politischen Bildung jährlich, wie viel politische Bildung Schüler*innen der Sekundarstufe I in allen Bundesländern erhalten. Indem es die Stundentafeln der Bundesländer auswertet und die Wochenstundenzahl der Leitfächer der politischen Bildung vergleicht, schafft das Ranking Transparenz über politische Entscheidungen und deren Erfolg im Feld der politischen Bildung in der Schule. Der Beitrag bietet einen Einblick in die zentralen Ergebnisse des diesjährigen bundesweiten Ländervergleichs.

Context: Providing learners with quality resources at work and school is a key element of apprenticeships and is essential for developing vocational competencies and successful vocational careers. Drawing on previous research on situational and personal resources, we first explored work-related and school-related resource profiles of apprentices’ learning environments. We further analysed how core self-evaluations are linked to resource profiles and examined whether learners’ apprenticeship satisfaction and occupational commitment varied according to the resource profiles. Approach: We used latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regressions, applying an integrative, person-centred approach. Our data came from the Swiss longitudinal study "Transition from Education to Employment" (TREE). The sample consisted of 1,185 apprentices enrolled in the second year of their apprenticeship. Findings: We found four profiles of situational resources (e.g., instruction quality, climate, learning opportunities, autonomy, and demands) at the two learning locations. The profiles embodied different patterns and levels of situational resources. Two profiles were characterised by overall high or average levels of situational resources at both learning locations; the other two illustrated a stark contrast between the resources provided in the workplace and at school. Learners with higher core self-evaluations were more likely to be in profiles with higher situational resources. Apprentices in more beneficial profiles were more satisfied with their apprenticeships and more committed to their occupations than those in profiles with lower resources. Conclusion: The results confirm the importance of providing apprentices with challenging, empowering, and supportive learning environments in the workplace and at vocational schools. To support learning and positive career development in apprenticeships, educators should strengthen learners’ core self-evaluations to empower them to sh

Context: This article focus on teaching and learning processes in a vocational classroom in Swedish vocational education. There are few studies within the field of vocational education that have a focus on how vocational learning is done in interaction in the vocational classroom/workshop, and what vocational learning content is displayed in the interaction between teacher and student, and thus made possible to learn. This article aims to fill this gap by exploring the future-oriented movements that take shape when a vocational teacher and vocational students negotiate how a practical task could, and should, be handled and solved in vocational teaching situations in vocational plumbing school workshop settings. An increased understanding of these processes can help to improve the actual teaching of a specific subject content to support students in their vocational learning, aiming for learning a professional trade. Methods: The data consists of video recorded lessons from the Sanitary, Heating and Property Maintenance Programme in Swedish upper secondary school. Through concrete empirical examples from video recorded lessons the article explores the interaction between teachers and students in vocational school workshop settings using CAVTA. CAVTA is based on Conversation Analysis (CA) and Variation Theory (VT) and is a theoretical and methodological framework that can be used together and integrated to reach understanding of both how- and what-aspects of the learning process in practice, when analysing teaching and interaction. Findings: Findings shows how aspects concerning a specific vocational learning content that revolves around a vocational practical doing compete for the space with a vocational learning content of a more general nature. These general objects of learning are also related to work-specific vocational learning and knowledge in relation to the future profession, but on a more general level than the task specific vocational knowledge. Altogether

Context: This article is based on a pragmatic theoretical perspective on education, in which theoretical and practical competences are developed through experiences and participation in real-world teaching contexts. Previous research points to a lack of culture for authentic workplace-based assessment in vocational and professional education in many countries. Prior to this study, professors/authors and student-teachers in a vocational teacher education program in Norway experienced that student-teachers were unable to demonstrate comprehensive teaching competence, as examinations and assessments assess theoretical knowledge separately from practice. Research questions: 1) How can an authentic workplace-based exam during placement give student-teachers an opportunity to showcase their comprehensive teacher competence? 2) What factors are important to emphasize in such an exam? 3) How do the student-teachers demonstrate and develop comprehensive teacher competence through an authentic exam? Methods: Using action research, professors/authors carried out sequential actions to develop a practical-theoretical exam in an authentic professional setting. This included demonstrating elements of practical and theoretical competence conducted during teaching practice. The exam involved planning in line with a guidance document and practical teaching in the classroom in VET-schools, followed by a piece of reflective writing based on teaching experiences. Supervisors and professors/authors observed the student-teachers teaching as part of multiple qualitative methods. Findings: The empirical results show how student-teachers demonstrate and develop comprehensive teaching competence. Both the student-teacher and the supervisors in VET-schools experienced the authentic exam as realistic and professionally based. The biggest challenge involved logistics: Compensating the professors’/authors’ time and financial frameworks related to the observation of the student-teachers. However

Context: The context of the study is vocational teacher education and the participants are vocational student teachers. They are studying in a blended learning setting as part time students. They represent several disciplines of vocational education and training. The vocational teacher studies take one year and are 60 credits. The study relates to the discussion of vocational education and training (VET) and teachers’ competencies that they are transferring to their VET students by sharing the knowledge of their subject area and working practices. This study is an exploration of one of these working practices: making competence visible in a digital format. Approach: Student teachers’ descriptions of their practices and recommendations of supportive methods for composing an ePortfolio are reviewed and their motivation to compose an ePortfolio is studied as a part of the personal learning environment (PLE) philosophy. Findings: The data revealed some typical practices, such as composing an ePortfolio (the most popular ways of doing this were recording reflections in a learning diary and using digital tools to document artefacts) and making vocational teachers’ competence visible through an ePortfolio (understanding the difference between workspace and showcase portfolios and what kinds of competence to document). The recommendations mentioned by participants were supportive methods of composing an ePortfolio (collaborative learning processes with peers, lecturers’ feedback and assessment and clear instructions) as well as methods of making vocational teachers’ competence visible (e.g. orientation to ePortfolio work using learning objectives and assessment criteria for ePortfolios). Participating student teachers are/were motivated to work with ePortfolios in various ways and expressed an intrinsic motivation to pursue personal growth and become a vocational teacher. Conclusions: The study revealed vocational student teachers’ various perceptions of scaffolding and mot

Es wird zurzeit viel über Schulschließungen, Abi-Prüfungen und Studierende im Digitalmodus gesprochen - wenig hört man zur Situation von Auszubildenden.

Context: The current shortage of teachers in Germany, especially in vocational schools, is of relevance to the education system and labour market policy. To recruit future teachers more effectively, it is of great importance to gain a better understanding of pre-service teachers’ career choice motivation. However, research has concentrated so far mainly on teachers in the general education system. The present study investigates the career choice motivation of students who will become vocational education and training (VET) teachers and compares it to the career choice motivation of future comprehensive school teachers. Approach: We surveyed N = 79 teacher training students in total, 30 pre-service VET teachers and 49 pre-service comprehensive school teachers at the beginning of their university-based teacher training. To measure career choice motivation, we used the standardized questionnaire Motivation for Choosing Teacher Education (FEMOLA) including six subscales (Pohlmann & Möller, 2010). In order to compare pre-service VET and comprehensive school teachers with regard to the six scales of career choice motivation, we performed a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Findings: We found the highest means for the motives subject-specific and educational interest for the future VET teachers. In comparison to the pre-service comprehensive school teachers, they rated their educational interest, social influences, and utility as significantly less relevant in terms of their career choice motivation. There are no significant differences on the other three motivational scales. Conclusion: The findings show that the two groups partially differ in their motivations to become a teacher. Therefore, we can conclude that the measures for attracting new students should also be individually adapted to the motives for their career choice. For example, in a counselling interview, the motives for choosing a profession should be discussed and compared with the requirements

Das Working Paper "Berufliche und akademische Ausbildung von Migranten" bildet den fünften Teil der Reihe Integrationsreport. Einleitend wird ein Überblick über die Forschungslage und die wichtigsten Datenquellen zur beruflichen und akademischen Bildung von Migranten gegeben. Anschließend werden folgende Bereiche anhand empirischer Daten analysiert: die Beteiligung von jungen Ausländerinnen und Ausländern im dualen System der Berufsausbildung (Lehre), ihre Präsenz an beruflichen Schulen, sowie an (Fach-)Hochschulen und Universitäten in Deutschland. In dem zuletzt genannten Bereich kann zum Teil auch auf Daten zu "Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund" zurückgegriffen werden. Abschließend wird das berufsbezogene Bildungsniveau der Gesamtbevölkerung (Personen ohne und mit Migrationshintergrund) anhand von Daten des Mikrozensus dargestellt. In allen behandelten Bereichen zeigt sich, dass hinsichtlich der beruflichen Qualifikation nach wie vor deutliche Disparitäten zwischen zugewanderter und einheimischer Bevölkerung in Deutschland bestehen. Jedoch sind weitergehende Differenzierungen der Migrantenbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeit bzw. Herkunftskontext, Migrationserfahrung, Alter und Geschlecht nötig. Zwischen den so gebildeten Gruppen existieren zum Teil deutliche Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Beteiligung an beruflicher Bildung und dem erreichten berufsbezogenen Qualifikationsniveau.

Die Konzepte für die Lehrerbildung an beruflichen Schulen für Gewerblich-Technische Fachrichtungen stehen auf dem Prüfstand. Obwohl sich alle Akteure in diesem Bereich für hochwertigen Unterricht aussprechen, existieren unterschiedliche Vorstellungen von einer adäquaten Ausbildung. Gleichzeitig fehlen Lehrkräfte für diese Gewerblich-Technischen Fachrichtungen. Der Band analysiert die Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre und die Auswirkungen der Bologna-Reform auf die Lehrerausbildung in diesem Bereich. Im Mittelpunkt stehen dabei die Standardisierung, Restrukturierung, Modularisierung und die Ausgestaltung der reformierten Lehrerausbildung. Darüber hinaus befassen sich die Beiträge mit dem Stellenwert von Praxisphasen sowie der Rekrutierung von Lehrkräften. Abschließend stellt der Band Studiengangsmodelle und ihre Potenziale für die Nachwuchssicherung vor., The concepts for teacher training at vocational schools for commercial-technical subjects are put to the test. Although all stakeholders in this sector advocate high-quality instruction, there are different visions of adequate training. At the same time there is a lack of trainers for these commercial-technical subjects. The publication analyses the developments of the past few years and the influence of the Bologna reform on teacher training in this sector. The focus is thereby on standardisation, restructuring, modularisation and the organisation of the reformed teacher training. Furthermore, there are contributions relating to the status of practicum phases as well as the recruitment of educators. Finally, the publication presents models of degree courses and their potentials to ensure a reservoir for young skilled labour.

Was beschäftigt die Berufsbildungsforschung aktuell? Welche Forschungsfragen müssen sich die Forscher:innen mit Blick auf die Zukunft stellen? Der Tagungsband zeichnet die Themen und Diskussionen der Berufsbildungskonferenz 2018 in Steyr nach. Das Spektrum der Beiträge reicht dabei von der Kompetenzentwicklung über die Konnektivität in der Berufs- und Hochschulbildung bis zu Berufsbildung in der digitalisierten wie auch globalisierten Arbeitswelt und zur Berufsbildung für spezifische Zielgruppen sowie gendersensible Berufsbildung.

Aktuell lässt sich ein sinkendes Technikinteresse und mangelnde Motivation für die Ergreifung einer technischen dualen Berufsausbildung oder eines (dualen) Studiengangs aufseiten der Absolventen des allgemeinbildenden Schulsystems in Deutschland verzeichnen. Insbesondere die Berufs- und Studienwahl von jungen Frauen fokussiert sich seit Jahren auf ein sehr eingeschränktes Spektrum von Berufen, wobei technische Berufe eine weitgehende untergeordnete Rolle spielen. Ausgehend von den theoretischen Konzepten zur (gendersensiblen) Berufs- und Studienwahlentscheidung und zu den Einflussfaktoren auf die Berufs- und Studienwahl standen junge Frauen aus Sachsen-Anhalt, die zur Zeit der Befragung eine duale technische Berufsausbildungen bzw. einen technischen (dualen) Studiengang absolvierten, im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung. Zielstellung war die Rekonstruktion subjektiver Wahrnehmungen und Meinungen von jungen Frauen bezüglich wirkender Einflussfaktoren auf ihre individuelle technische Berufs- und Studienwahl.

Die Kooperation der Lernorte des dualen Systems stellt ein grundlegendes Qualitätsmerkmal der Lehrlingsausbildung dar. Empirische Studien aus Österreich und Deutschland zeigen, dass es bei der Abstimmung und Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Lernorten Berufsschule und Betrieb Potenzial zur Verbesserung gibt. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird die Kooperation zwischen den Lernorten des dualen Systems auf der Ebene der Lehr-/Lernprozesse näher beleuchtet. Dabei wird im ersten Schritt die Frage nach den Voraussetzungen für eine erfolgreiche Realisierbarkeit kooperativer Lernanlässe gestellt. Durch einen explorativen Forschungsansatz konnte mithilfe von qualitativen Interviews ein erster Einblick in die aktuelle Situation gewonnen werden. Dabei konnte die Expertise aller involvierten Lernorte, ergo inklusive der Lernorte für die Trainerinnen und Trainer (WIFI) und Berufsschullehrkräfte (PH), eingefangen werden. Auf Basis der durch das Autorenteam erarbeiteten Forschungsergebnisse wurde anhand von drei Gestaltungsansätzen der weitere Forschungsweg festgelegt: (1) Entwicklung kooperativer Lernanlässe auf der Mikroebene gemeinsam mit den lehrenden Akteurinnen und Akteuren, (2) Integration des Themas Lernortkooperation in die Ausbildung der jeweils lehrenden Akteurinnen und Akteure und (3) Verankerung in den Lehrplänen und Ausbildungsordnungen (Mesoebene).

Der Einstieg in die duale Ausbildung ist eine Zeit großer Veränderungen, die viele Jugendliche als herausfordernd wahrnehmen. Wie gelingt es Auszubildenden im Kfz-Mechatronikerhandwerk, ihre Arbeits- und Berufswelt fachlich, sozial und emotional zu erschließen und eine tragfähige berufliche Identität zu entwickeln? In der Dissertation werden die Lern- und Entwicklungsprozesse der Auszubildenden im ersten Lehrjahr untersucht. Auf Basis qualitativer Interviews analysiert die Autorin diesen Übergang als spezifischen Sozialisationsprozess, in dem das intensive Lernen angeregt und ein Wandel in der Identitätsentwicklung angestoßen wird. In ihren Ergebnissen erläutert die Autorin, wie junge Auszubildende am Beginn ihres Berufslebens begleitet und unterstützt werden können, um erfolgreich durch diese Transitionsphase zu gehen.

Research suggests that vocational education and training (VET) tends to reduce youth unemployment by providing them with specific skills, thus smoothing the transition from education to work. However, we still know relatively little aboutwhether vocational education provides higher employment rate and wages over the entire working trajectory than holders of lower education; after several years of experience, both groups may indeed have similar skills and thus similar situations in the labour market. We compare the situation in the United Kingdom and Switzerland, two countries that share a tradition of vocational education but differ in the specificity and standardisation of their VET system. Creating a pseudo-cohort with repeated rounds of the United Kingdom and Swiss labour force surveys, we use regression models and compare the employment rate and hourly wage of our two groups of interest: individuals with vocational education at the upper secondary level and individuals with no more than compulsory education. We find that VET graduates fare better in terms of both employment and wages over the whole career. This advantage is larger for women than men and, contrary to our hypothesis, larger in the United Kingdom than in Switzerland with respect to employment prospects.

Context: This paper reports on a study of the progress of vocational education and training (VET) and the need for further profession-oriented training of lecturers in public, technical vocational colleges in South Africa, under the consideration of societal and political conditions. Approach: The study is based on a mixed methods approach in which an analysis of educational policy documents and a qualitative and a quantitative study with VET teachers and representatives of education authorities in South Africa are conducted. Findings: The classification of the results is conducted in line with the conditions defined by Phillips and Ochs regarding policy transfers. The following can thus be observed through the bilateral relationship between Germany and South Africa: (1) The Guiding Philosophy of the educational system is characterised by societal and political power structures. This is evident in an analysis of approved reforms within the last two decades. (2) The desired effects of “Ambitions Goals” have thus far not taken hold. Nonetheless, there is a willingness to enact reforms to continue developing vocational education, including the training and further education of lecturers that must be noted. Minimum requirements regarding lecturers’ basic qualifications have been formulated, which one in five vocational lecturers in South Africa currently cannot fulfil. (3) The Strategies formulated to implement training methods face the main problem of difficulty in implementation in colleges. (4) The Enabling Structures, i.e. the education-management-system as well as the financial and personnel support of the educational system, are widely perceived by lecturers as unsupportive, ineffective and discriminatory. This is observed, for example, when looking at the equipment used, teachers’ salaries, classroom sizes as well as the mentorship programme and further training opportunities. (5) Processes: a discrepancy exists on the level of the lecturers and the central need

Context: Enthusiasm has been noted to increase productivity and quality at work. In teachers' work, this has a connection to student learning and motivation, as well as teaching quality. In the context of Finnish vocational education and training (VET), research on enthusiasm appears especially topical and relevant because of the ongoing wide reform with emphasis on productivity and efficiency. Approach: In this study, Finnish VET teachers' enthusiasm at work was studied qualitatively. Three research questions were set for this study: (1) How do VET teachers describe their enthusiasm?; (2) What factors strengthen their enthusiasm, according to their descriptions?; and (3) What factors weaken their enthusiasm, according to their descriptions? Altogether, 103 teachers who voluntarily participated in the study completed an online questionnaire on enthusiasm. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Findings: According to the results, the teachers who participated in the study were very interested in their work. They wanted to share how they experienced enthusiasm in their work. Their enthusiasm manifested as their willingness to develop their skills and expertise. It also showed in their dedication, good job performance, and positive feelings about their work. Student encounters, a positive atmosphere, and work interactions were the main sources of enthusiasm. Lack of resources, changes, cuts in the VET budget, and a lousy work atmosphere weakened enthusiasm. Conclusion: The study found that enthusiasm manifested itself in ways that correspond well with the current VET productivity and efficiency goals. Because enthusiasm was strengthened especially when teachers were working with students, it seems important to ensure a supportive work environment for students also after the VET reform. Positive interactions, collegial support, and working together can help teachers to succeed and to maintain enthusiasm in their everyday work. According to the resu

Context: The train of thoughts in this contribution is situated in the VET teacher training on an academic level, as it is usual in Germany. Key issue is the pedagogical qualification of the VET teachers and the question of how to give them possibilities to reflect their own biography, their interdependences to the actual cultural and economic environment and their way to choose the pathway to become a VET teacher. How to enable them to argue with their values, fears, strength and weaknesses in their life and especially in leading groups, as they will have to do in classroom management. And at least how to give them an idea of an emancipative, critical and participative way of forming learning situations in which they feel sure and lively to encourage the apprentices and learners in schools to act autonomic and critical in work and besides. This is necessary because of the changes in work and VET in the recent centuries with consequences for workers, learners and curricula as well as the contradictions in that process. Approach: The transformation and the liberalisation of markets and changes of work organisation, the enlargement of tasks in the occupations adds greater meaning to social knowledge and competences, the ability for teamwork and personal development in vocational education. To develop this ability Theme-Centered Interaction (TCI), as a humanistic-psychological approach is used and combined with Critical-Subject-Oriented Vocational Education Theory, inspired by the Critical Theory of the Frankfurt School. VET-teacher students learn in theory and practice to shape their own way to lead themselves and the pupils in the class and to reflect their activities in a critical way of thinking. The paper ends with brief description of seminar lectures with VET teacher students at the University of Rostock where TCI is practiced as one example how we can reach the objectives described before. Findings: The TCI-concept is helpful to set up better teamwork and self

Context: We addressed the issue of person-job-fit by focussing on both professional success and work satisfaction. Publications studying the predictive validity of (cognitive) ability, personality, or vocational interest alone have shown relationships with professional success or work satisfaction for each predictor separately. Nevertheless, these predictors have rarely been studied simultaneously. Methods: To this end we tested the incremental validity of abilities, traits, and interests in a sample from diverse occupations: In 648 apprentices and students from five different branches (Food, Tech, People, Office, Craft) the (incremental) contributions of 3 intelligence factors (verbal, numerical, spatial), 3 alternative abilities (social-emotional, creative, practical), 4 conscientiousness facets, other big five factors (O, E, A, N), and of 14 professional interests were analysed regarding prediction of GPA in professional schools and school/job satisfaction. Results: Intelligence and conscientiousness were best predictors, followed by social-emotional competence and interests, whereas other traits provided marginal contributions. Predictors varied between branches, mostly following expectations. The test battery allowed a very good prediction of apprenticeship success (max. 37%), but for some branches prediction was considerably lower. Conclusion: Criteria for person-job-fit are not swappable, neither are the predictors. Professional success was mostly predicted by a different predictor set -namely ability and the personality dimension of conscientiousness- then satisfaction, which was mostly predicted by non-interest in a certain occupation. As a practical implication, we conclude that choosing the right candidate for a certain branch one needs to use a broad set of predictor variables. Besides cognitive ability also personality and vocational interests had predictive validity for an individuals person-job-fit.

Context: Teachers in vocational education and training (VET teachers) have specific conditions for their continuing professional development (CPD). They have a background in an initial occupation, in which they now teach and train the next generation. Thus, as VET teachers, they are expected to master the knowledge and skills of that occupation, even if they have now crossed the boundary from the community of their initial occupation to the community of the school. This study explores the perceived values among VET teachers of different activities that may contribute to their CPD in teaching subjects/initial occupations. The study examines VET at the upper secondary level in Sweden. Here, the VET teachers have the main responsibility for students' vocational learning in the vocational subjects, including the work-based parts. In the latter parts, the teachers are supplemented by supervisors at the workplace. Approach: We argue for the duality of a VET teacher identity with a professional competence that comprises two intertwined parts -- teaching skills, and knowledge of the teaching subjects based in the teachers' initial occupations. Our study is based on a situated learning perspective, and the empirical findings particularly concern values created from learning through participation and boundary crossing. CPD activities typically include some form of participation in and/or boundary crossing between school and work-life practices. In the analysis we also include the possible influence of institutional, situational, and dispositional drivers and barriers for participation in different activities. The research question was: what factors can explain the variation in perceived values created by participation in different CPD activities among VET teachers? The study was conducted as a survey of 886 Swedish VET teachers. Focus was put on the values created through different types of activity, values for the teachers' vocational knowledge, for networks in working life

Teacher training for vocational schools in Germany is facing problems: Due to the strong interconnection with general teacher training, a targeted vocational teacher training is only feasible to some extent. The articles in the anthology discuss options for an overarching general curriculum. They take into account the current competence discussion in teacher training, as well as the area of vocational education/training. The authors introduce considerations for an overarching approach for training phases and learning locations. The articles focus on the training situation in Saxony-Anhalt and include previously unpublished empirical studies from the Rhineland-Palatinate and Thuringia., Die Lehrerausbildung für berufsbildende Schulen in Deutschland steht vor Problemen: Durch die starke Koppelung an die allgemeine Lehrerausbildung ist eine berufspädagogische Professionalisierung nur in Ansätzen realisierbar. Die Beträge des Sammelbandes diskutieren die Möglichkeiten eines übergreifenden Gesamtcurriculums. Sie berücksichtigen dabei die aktuelle Kompetenzdiskussion in der Lehrerausbildung ebenso wie den Bereich Berufspädagogik/Ausbildung. Vorgestellt werden Überlegungen zu einem übergreifenden Ansatz für Ausbildungsphasen und Lernorte. Die Beiträge fokussieren die Ausbildungssituation in Sachsen-Anhalt und binden unveröffentlichte empirische Studien aus Rheinland-Pfalz und Thüringen ein.

Was es ist, das unsere "Welt im Innersten zusammenhält", ist für die berufliche Bildung tatsächlich schwer zu bestimmen. Das System der beruflichen Bildung (wenn man denn von einem System sprechen kann) umfasst nicht nur eine große Zahl unterschiedlicher Akteurinnen und Akteure aus unterschiedlichen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen, sondern findet auch auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen der Gesellschaft statt.

Der folgende Beitrag zeichnet die Verbreitung von QM-Strukturen bzw. QM-Instrumenten im deutschen Berufsschulwesen nach und stellt empirische Studien zur Implementierung und Verstetigung von QM-Komponenten durch die einzelschulischen Akteure "vor Ort" vor. Im Zeitraum von 2009 bis 2015 wurden insgesamt 13 Berliner berufliche Schulen prozessbegleitend untersucht. Der Fokus der Betrachtungen liegt auf dem Bereich der schulinternen Evaluation.

In der Ausbildung des Personals in technisch orientierten Handwerks- und Industrieberufen sticht seit Beginn der Einführung gesonderter Lernorte die Frage nach dem Verhältnis zwischen Betrieb und Schule, von Konkretem und Allgemeinen und nach der Rolle der Lernerinnen bzw. Arbeiterinnen im Lern- und Arbeitsprozess heraus: Was soll wie und an welchem Ort, was kann und sollte an diesem Lernort und wie tiefgehend sollte es dort gelernt werden? Welche Entwicklungsziele werden den Lernerinnen - vor dem Hintergrund sich ständig verändernder Strukturen und der besonderen Interessen der Unternehmen - gesetzt? Diese Fragen sind je nach Beruf und Situation unterschiedlich zu beantworten. Deshalb sei die Frage aufgeworfen, ob die konkreten Ziele und Inhalte allgemein (im Lehrplan) festgelegt werden oder ob nur Richtungen aufgezeigt werden sollen? Mit den Mitte bzw. Ende der 1990er Jahre eingeführten, nach Lernfeldern strukturierten Lehrplänen werden diese offener. Es werden nur in geringerem Maße besondere Inhalte festgelegt, vielmehr steht die Kompetenzentwicklung im Vordergrund. Das ermöglicht eine Anpassung der Inhalte nach den Interessen der Lernerinnen und nach regionalen Aspekten (vorrangig ansässige Unternehmen mit ihrem Tätigkeitsspektrum).

On the one hand, India is a growing economy that needs skilled labour, self-employed entrepreneurs and employees to tackle its economic and social challenges. On the other hand, India faces high unemployment rates, especially among young people. Graduates from industrial training institutes (ITIs) in particular are often facing difficulties in pursuing self-employment. Entrepreneurship education is an essential element in preparing young people for self-employment. This paper analyses how and to what extent entrepreneurship education has been conceived and implemented in vocational schools in and around Bangalore to face these challenges. Methodologically the authors use a three-step approach following the theories of a `prescribed', `adopted' or `enacted' curriculum. Qualitative interviews are used for the analysis of the adopted and enacted curriculum. The authors conclude that whereas the prescribed curriculum includes several elements of entrepreneurship education and teacher's understanding is in line with the prescription, the understanding is seldom translated into input in the day-to-day teaching. The plausible reasons for this gap are discussed in this paper.

In diesem Beitrag werden Gestaltungsfaktoren der Einführung integrierter Unternehmenssoftware im kaufmännischen Unterricht betrachtet. Im Anschluss an eine Vorstellung der zentralen Merkmale von Enterprise-Resource-Planning-Systemen (ERP-Systemen) und den Rahmenbedingungen ERP-basierten Unterrichts wird ein empirisch untersuchtes Unterrichtsarrangement vorgestellt. Evaluationsergebnisse lassen vermuten, dass die Arbeit mit ERP-Systemen im Kontext der Berufsschule im System der dualen Berufsausbildung realisierbar ist und einen positiven Beitrag zur Förderung kaufmännischen Zusammenhangswissens leisten kann.

Die Schlüsselrolle des domänenspezifischen, leistungsbezogenen Selbstkonzepts für die Vorhersage schulischer Lernprozesse und Leistungen ist seit Längerem international sowie für den deutschsprachigen Raum empirisch belegt (Marsh/Trautwein/ Lüdtke/Köller/Baumert 2005; Helmke/van Aken 1995; Rost/Dickhäuser/Sparfeldt/ Schilling 2004; Valentine/DuBois/Cooper 2004). Dabei wirkt das Leistungsselbstkonzept grundsätzlich nicht direkt auf die Leistung von Lernenden, sondern über unterschiedliche komplexe Mediationsmechanismen, die wiederum das leistungs- und lernrelevante Verhalten beeinflussen (Helmke 1992). Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden diese Annahmen analysiert. Es wurden Lernende aus 24 Klassen berufsbildender mittlerer und höherer Schulen (BMHS) in Österreich einbezogen. Ziel ist es, den Einfluss des Leistungsselbstkonzepts auf das Lernverhalten und den Lernerfolg im Fach Rechnungswesen zu ermitteln.

Das Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung prüft den Modernisierungsbedarf von vier dualen IT-Berufen. Ziel ist es, die derzeitigen und absehbaren Anforderungen an IT-Fachkräfte zu identifizieren und Vorschläge für die zukünftige Gestaltung der ITBerufe zu erarbeiten. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt Fragestellungen, Methodik und Durchführung der Untersuchung vor und präsentiert ausgewählte Ergebnisse.

Für das Bundesland Berlin liegen keine aktuellen vergleichenden Untersuchungen zur Zufriedenheit und zum Verbleib von Auszubildenden vor. Wie sich Übergangsprozesse junger Menschen in Berlin gestalten und wie zufrieden Auszubildende zum Ausbildungsende mit ihrer Berufsschule sind, wird auf Basis einer quantitativen Untersuchung an zehn Berliner beruflichen Schulen dargestellt.

An der TU Dresden wurde ein neues Ausbildungskonzept für das Lehramt an berufsbildenden Schulen entwickelt, erprobt und evaluiert. Das innovative Studienmodell verbindet akademische und berufliche Bildung. Die Publikation stellt das Modell, die Ergebnisse der wissenschaftlichen Begleitforschung und Empfehlungen für eine praxisorientiertere Lehrerausbildung an berufsbildenden Schulen vor. Der kooperative Studiengang verknüpft das klassische Studium mit beruflichen Praktika. In diesem Rahmen können die Studierenden auch einen Facharbeiterabschluss erwerben. 71 Betriebe, vier Bildungsdienstleister und 66 Studierende nahmen an dem Modellversuch "Kooperative Ausbildung im technischen Lehramt" (KAtLA) teil, der aus Mitteln des ESF finanziert wurde., A new training concept for teaching at vocational schools was developed, tested and analysed at TU Dresden. The innovative study model combines academic and vocational training. The publication introduces the model, the findings of the accompanying scientific study and recommendations for a practise-oriented teacher training for vocational schools. The cooperative study course brings together traditional studies with professional practice. Students have the option of obtaining a skilled worker certification in this course of study. 71 companies, four education providers and 66 students took part in the model project "Cooperative training for technical teaching" (Kooperative Ausbildung im technischen Lehramt - KAtLA), which was financed by the European Social Fund.

A new education program, Diploma of Vocational Pedagogy, has recently been implemented in Denmark to upskill vocational college teachers and improve didactics at VET colleges in general. Among many challenges, vocational college teachers have to adapt their pedagogy to a large number of students from backgrounds with no tradition for education. Despite historical changes, the education as vocational college teacher also struggles with the interplay between theory and practice in the program and great diversity among vocational college teachers. Based on empirical data from focus group interviews with students from the Diploma of Vocational Pedagogy program and concepts developed by Bernstein and Bourdieu, the article analyzes how these aspects might affect the development of new vocational didactics. We know that it is not easy to change the culture of educational institutions, and the analysis uncovers several factors that are expected to hamper the development processes.