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1. Tagging and localisation of ionizing events using NbSi transition edge phonon sensors for Dark Matter searches

Author

EDELWEISS Collaboration, Augier, C., Benoît, A., Bergé, L., Billard, J., Broniatowski, A., Camus, P., Cazes, A., Chapellier, M., Charlieux, F., Colas, J., De Jésus, M., Dumoulin, L., Eitel, K., Filippini, J. B., Filosofov, D., Gascon, J., Giuliani, A., Gros, M., Guy, E., Jin, Y., Juillard, A., Lattaud, H., Marnieros, S., Martini, N., Navick, X. -F., Nones, C., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Pari, P., Paul, B., Poda, D., Rojas, A., Rozov, S., Sanglard, V., Vagneron, L., Yakushev, E., Zolotarova, A., Kavanagh, B. J., Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cryogénie (NEEL - Cryo), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies [Orsay] (C2N), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and EDELWEISS

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), background: thermal, measurement methods, silicon, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), localization, phonon: detector, EDELWEISS, germanium: detector, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], niobium, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

In the context of direct searches of sub-GeV Dark Matter particles with germanium detectors, the EDELWEISS collaboration has tested a new technique to tag ionizing events using NbSi transition edge athermal phonon sensors. The emission of the athermal phonons generated by the Neganov-Trofimov-Luke effect associated with the drift of electrons and holes through the detectors is used to tag ionization events generated in specific parts of the detector localized in front of the NbSi sensor and to reject by more than a factor 5 (at 90% C.L.) the background from heat-only events that dominates the spectrum above 3 keV. This method is able to improve by a factor 2.8 the previous limit on spin-independent interactions of 1 GeV/c2 WIMPs obtained with the same detector and data set but without this tagging technique., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures

Published
2023
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2. High Impedance TES Bolometers for EDELWEISS

Author

S. Marnieros, E. Armengaud, Q. Arnaud, C. Augier, A. Benoît, L. Bergé, J. Billard, A. Broniatowski, P. Camus, A. Cazes, M. Chapellier, F. Charlieux, M. De Jésus, L. Dumoulin, K. Eitel, J.-B. Fillipini, D. Filosofov, J. Gascon, A. Giuliani, M. Gros, Y. Jin, A. Juillard, M. Kleifges, H. Lattaud, D. Misiak, X.-F. Navick, C. Nones, E. Olivieri, C. Oriol, P. Pari, B. Paul, D. Poda, S. Rozov, T. Salagnac, V. Sanglard, L. Vagneron, E. Yakushev, A. Zolotarova, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Cryogénie (NEEL - Cryo), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies [Orsay] (C2N), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)

Subjects
detector: cryogenics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, superconductivity, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), dark matter: direct detection, sensitivity, calibration, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, phonon: detector, EDELWEISS, bolometer, alloy, impedance, amplifier, germanium: detector, General Materials Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], detector: design, niobium: silicon
Abstract

The EDELWEISS collaboration aims for direct detection of light dark matter using germanium cryogenic detectors with low threshold phonon sensor technologies and efficient charge readout designs. We describe here the development of Ge bolometers equipped with high impedance thermistors based on a NbxSi1-x TES alloy. High aspect ratio spiral designs allow the TES impedance to match with JFET or HEMT front-end amplifiers. We detail the behavior of the superconducting transition properties of these sensors and the detector optimization in terms of sensitivity to out-of-equilibrium phonons. We report preliminary results of a 200 g Ge detector that was calibrated using 71Ge activation by neutrons at the LSM underground laboratory., Submitted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Special Issue for the 19th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors 19-29 July 2021 (Virtual event hold by NIST)

Published
2022
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3. BULLKID: BULky and Low-Threshold Kinetic Inductance Detectors

Author

V. Pettinacci, I. Colantoni, Alessandro Monfardini, A. Mazzolari, S. Di Domizio, Riccardo Camattari, Laura Cardani, Vincenzo Guidi, Martino Calvo, M. Vignati, J. Goupy, N. Casali, M. I. Martínez, H. Le Sueur, C. Bellenghi, M. Romagnoni, Angelo Cruciani, Giorgio Pettinari, Cryogénie (NEEL - Cryo), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])

Subjects
Silicon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, 010305 fluids & plasmas, energy: threshold, phonon: detector, neutrino nucleus: coherent interaction, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, induction, activity report, detector: design, Physics, Scattering, Detector, silicon, dark matter: detector, Coherent scattering, Kinetic inductance detectors, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Computational physics, chemistry, cryogenics, Scalability, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

International audience; BULLKID is an R&D project on a cryogenic particle detector to search for rare low-energy processes such as low-mass dark matter and neutrino coherent scattering off nuclei. The detector unit we are designing consists in an array of ~ 100 silicon absorbers sensed by phonon-mediated, microwave-multiplexed kinetic inductance detectors, with energy threshold below 100 eV and total target mass around 30 g. The single detector unit will be engineered to ensure a straightforward scalability to a future kg-scale experiment.

Published
2020
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4. The CROSS experiment: search for $0\nu2\beta$ decay with surface sensitive bolometers

Author

Anastasiia Zolotarova, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and CROSS

Subjects
Cryostat, detector: technology, History, Materials science, shape analysis, Cryogenics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, tellurium: oxygen, Education, law.invention, Crystal, phonon: detector, double-beta decay: (0neutrino), bolometer, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, background: radioactivity, background: suppression, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Canfranc Underground Laboratory, Detector, Bolometer, surface: interaction, sensitivity, molybdenum: oxygen, crystal: surface, Computer Science Applications, MAJORANA, lithium, cryogenics, Optoelectronics, business
Abstract

CROSS (Cryogenic Rare-event Observatory with Surface Sensitivity) is a project aiming to develop a new bolometric technology enabling an active background rejection in 0v2β search. The isotopes of interest are 100Mo and 130Te, and bolometers are based on Li2MoO4 and TeO2 crystals. The key feature of CROSS detectors is the possibility of pulseshape discrimination of near surface interactions. An ultrapure superconductive aluminum film, deposited on the crystal surface, is acting as a pulse-shape modifier for phonon sensors, providing separation of surface events from bulk ones. First prototypes were produced and successfully tested aboveground with the rejection of α surface radioactivity higher than 99.9%. A demonstrator with 32 0.28-kg Li2 100MoO4 crystals will be installed in a dedicated cryostat in the Canfranc underground laboratory (Spain) to confirm the reproducibility of surface sensitive bolometers. CROSS demonstrator can obtain sensitivities to the effective Majorana mass down to 70 meV in the most favorable conditions. The CROSS technology can be applied for future ton-scale experiments, reaching sensitivities to the effective Majorana mass down to 10 meV.

Published
2019
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5. The $0\nu2\beta$-decay CROSS experiment: preliminary results and prospects

Author

The CROSS collaboration, I. C. Bandac, A. S. Barabash, L. Bergé, M. Brière, C. Bourgeois, P. Carniti, M. Chapellier, M. de Combarieu, I. Dafinei, F. A. Danevich, N. Dosme, D. Doullet, L. Dumoulin, F. Ferri, A. Giuliani, C. Gotti, P. Gras, E. Guerard, A. Ianni, H. Khalife, S. I. Konovalov, E. Legay, P. Loaiza, P. de Marcillac, S. Marnieros, C. A. Marrache-Kikuchi, C. Nones, V. Novati, E. Olivieri, C. Oriol, G. Pessina, D. V. Poda, T. Redon, V. I. Tretyak, V. I. Umatov, M. M. Zarytsky, A. S. Zolotarova, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), CROSS, Bandac, I, Barabash, A, Berge, L, Briere, M, Bourgeois, C, Carniti, P, Chapellier, M, de Combarieu, M, Dafinei, I, Danevich, F, Dosme, N, Doullet, D, Dumoulin, L, Ferri, F, Giuliani, A, Gotti, C, Gras, P, Guerard, E, Ianni, A, Khalife, H, Konovalov, S, Legay, E, Loaiza, P, de Marcillac, P, Marnieros, S, Marrache-Kikuchi, C, Nones, C, Novati, V, Olivieri, E, Oriol, C, Pessina, G, Poda, D, Redon, T, Tretyak, V, Umatov, V, Zarytsky, M, and Zolotarova, A

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, background: induced, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Crystal, Nuclear physics, CUORE, phonon: detector, bolometer, double-beta decay: (0neutrino), Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, lepton number: violation, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, superconductivity, down: mass, Detector, Bolometer, sensitivity, Lepton number, crystal: surface, observatory, MAJORANA, mass: Majorana, radioactivity, lcsh:QC770-798, Neutrino, experimental results
Abstract

International audience; Neutrinoless double-beta decay is a key process in particle physics. Its experimental investigation is the only viable method that can establish the Majorana nature of neutrinos, providing at the same time a sensitive inclusive test of lepton number violation. CROSS (Cryogenic Rare-event Observatory with Surface Sensitivity) aims at developing and testing a new bolometric technology to be applied to future large-scale experiments searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay of the promising nuclei $^{100}$Mo and $^{130}$Te. The limiting factor in large-scale bolometric searches for this rare process is the background induced by surface radioactive contamination, as shown by the results of the CUORE experiment. The basic concept of CROSS consists of rejecting this challenging background component by pulse-shape discrimination, assisted by a proper coating of the faces of the crystal containing the isotope of interest and serving as energy absorber of the bolometric detector. In this paper, we demonstrate that ultra-pure superconductive Al films deposited on the crystal surfaces act successfully as pulse-shape modifiers, both with fast and slow phonon sensors. Rejection factors higher than 99.9% of α surface radioactivity have been demonstrated in a series of prototypes based on crystals of Li$_{2}$MoO$_{4}$ and TeO$_{2}$. We have also shown that point-like energy depositions can be identified up to a distance of ∼ 1 mm from the coated surface. The present program envisions an intermediate experiment to be installed underground in the Canfranc laboratory (Spain) in a CROSS-dedicated facility. This experiment, comprising ∼ 3×10$^{25}$ nuclei of $^{100}$Mo, will be a general test of the CROSS technology as well as a worldwide competitive search for neutrinoless double-beta decay, with sensitivity to the effective Majorana mass down to 70 meV in the most favorable conditions.[graphic not available: see fulltext]

Published
2019
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6. Contact-less phonon detection with massive cryogenic absorbers

Author

Alessandro Monfardini, Martino Calvo, F. Levy-Bertrand, Johannes Goupy, Maryvonne De Jesus, J. Billard, A. Juillard, R. Germond, L. Vagneron, J. Colas, Philippe Camus, Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Cryogénie (NEEL - Cryo), Magnétisme et Supraconductivité (NEEL - MagSup), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
Materials science, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, experimental methods, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Phonon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, silicon: crystal, energy resolution, FOS: Physical sciences, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Microstrip, High Energy Physics - Experiment, thermal, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Resonator, phonon: detector, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Wafer, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], phonon, detector: design, 010302 applied physics, Superconductivity, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Scattering, business.industry, superconductivity, Detector, Energy conversion efficiency, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Physics - Applied Physics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, cryogenics, aluminum, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

We have developed a contact-less technique for the real time measurement of a-thermal (Cooper-pair breaking) phonons in an absorber held at sub-Kelvin temperatures. In particular, a thin-film aluminum superconducting resonator was realized on a 30-grams high-resistivity silicon crystal. The lumped-element resonator is inductively excited/read-out by a radio-frequency microstrip feed-line deposited on another wafer; the sensor, a Kinetic Inductance Detector (KID), is read-out without any physical contact or wiring to the absorber. The resonator demonstrates excellent electrical properties, particularly in terms of its internal quality factor. The detection of alphas and gammas in the massive absorber is achieved, with an RMS energy resolution of about 1.4 keV, which is already interesting for particle physics applications. The resolution of this prototype detector is mainly limited by the low (about 0.3%) conversion efficiency of deposited energy to superconducting excitations (quasi-particles). The demonstrated technique can be further optimized, and used to produce large arrays of a-thermal phonon detectors, for use in rare events searches such as: dark matter direct detection,neutrino-less double beta decay, or coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering., Accepted for publication on Applied Physics Letters

Published
2019
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