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Background: Piezocision, a minimally invasive surgical procedure, has been used to accelerate tooth movement. Aim: The aim of this randomized split‑mouth study was to evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) osteocalcin (OC) and type I collagen cross‑linked C‑terminal telopeptide (ICTP) levels during canine distalization with and without piezocision acceleration. Material and Methods: Fifteen systemically healthy subjects (M:F 7:8, 16.27 ± 1.14 years) requiring extraction of maxillary first premolars before retraction of canines were included in the study. Piezocisions were randomly carried out on one of the maxillary canines while bilateral canines served as controls. Canine distalization was conducted using closed‑coil springs applying a force of 150 g/side by using miniscrews as anchorage. GCF sampling was performed from maxillary canine mesial and distal sites at baseline, 1, 7, 14, and 28 days. The GCF levels of OC and ICTP were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The rate of tooth movement was evaluated at 2‑week intervals. Results: The amounts of canine distalization from baseline to 14 and 28 days in the piezocision group were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The GCF OC level of the piezocision group on the tension side and the ICTP level of the same group on the compression side were higher than the respective sides of the control group on day 14 (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Piezocision was found to be an effective treatment procedure for accelerating canine distalization accompanied by increased levels of OC and ICTP.Keywords: ICTP, osteocalcin, piezosurgey, tooth movement

The version posted must include the following notice on the first page: "This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [FULL CITE], which has been published in final form at [Link to final article using the DOI]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions." The details on self-archiving are available on https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/licensing/self-archiving.html Abstract Aim: The aim of this experimental in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of the piezoelectric device in temperature and time variations in standardized osteotomies performed with similar tip inserts in bovine bone blocks. Methods: Two different piezosurgical devices were used the OE-F15" (Osada Inc., Los Angeles, California, USA) and the Surgybone" (Silfradent Inc., Sofia, Forli Cesena, Italy). Serrated inserts with similar geometry were coupled with each device (ST94 insert/test A and P0700 insert/test B). Osteotomies 10 mm long and 3 mm deep were performed in bone blocks resembling type II (dense) and type IV (soft) bone densities with and without irrigation. Thermal changes and time variations were recorded. The effects of bone density, irrigation, and device on temperature changes and time necessary to accomplish the osteotomies were analyzed. Results: Thermal analysis showed significant higher temperatures during piezosurgery osteotomies in hard bone without irrigation (P < 0.05). The type of piezosurgical device did not influence thermal variations (P > 0.05). Time analysis showed that the mean time values necessary to perform osteotomies were shorter in soft bone than in dense bone (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it may be concluded that the temperature increases more in piezosurgery osteotomies in dense bone without irrigation; the time to perform the osteotomy with piezosurgery is shorter in soft bone compared to hard bone; and the piezosurgical device have a minimal influence in the temperature and time variations when a similar tip design is used during piezosurgery osteotomies. Odontología