Search

Compression molding has produced quartz-reinforced polyester composites (QPCs) weighing 10 to 40 per cent quartz relative to the weight of unsaturated polyester resin. Synergistic changes were made in the composite properties and were superior to those of the individual components. The composite's physical and mechanical properties such as bulk density, water absorption , tensile strength, flexural strength, hardness have illustrated the competency of the composite being developed. It was found that for the resultant composite examined, the percentage of water absorption is very small. However, when quartz content were increased, water absorption grew very slowly. Enhancement of mechanical properties strongly corresponds to strong adhesion force of quartz with the matrix and it influenced by well-disperse quartz particles on the whole surface of composite. This paper also performed thermal characterization of the composites. Because of these remarkable properties, as prepared composite can find applications in packaging, fuel cell, solar cell, structural materials and households purposes.

An increasing desire is to produce eco-friendly materials for varied engineering applications, such as natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRCs). Although many research works on natural fiber polymer matrix composite exist, not much is known on the thermo-mechanical properties of acetic acid-treated particulate banana-sisal fiber reinforced polyester composite. Additionally, establishing the fiber constituent with a detrimental effect on thermal and mechanical properties for acetic acid-treated particulate banana-sisal reinforced polyester matrix composite is not well known. This work aims to examine the effect of banana-sisal particulate fiber on the thermal and mechanical properties of banana-sisal reinforced polyester matrix composites to address the gap. The composites were produced via the mechanical stir mix technique. Thermal, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIS), compressive, flexural, and impact analysis were conducted according to appropriate test standards. The results revealed that the thermal properties of the developed composites were not dependent on hybridization. Also, hybridization significantly enhanced the compressive and flexural properties, with 70B/30S and 50B/50S particulate fiber reinforced polyester matrix composite found to have the most superior compressive and flexural properties. A major contribution of this study is that the impact properties of the developed composites were dependent on the fiber composition and decreased as the sisal content percentage increased. In general, reinforced polyester matrix composite with 70B/30S particulate fiber has a preferable combination of thermal and mechanical properties.

The key focus of this work was to examine the effect of hybrid fiber reinforcement on thethermal properties of particulate based natural fiber-reinforced hybrid composites. Banana and sisal fiberswere selected as natural fiber reinforcements for the polyester matrix based composites, which wereproduced by mechanical stir mix technique. Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Fourier-TransformInfrared Spectroscopy (FTIS) were conducted in accordance with American Society for Testing andMaterials (ASTM) standards for the characterization of the hybrid composites. The FTIS result shows thedisappearance of 1735 cm-1 peak, a notable evidence of NaOH treatment. The thermal analysis showedthat the hybridization significantly affected the high temperature stability of the composite, with 70%Sisal/30%Banana found to have the lowest high temperature mass loss at a temperature of 300–520oC, thushighest high temperature stability. Derivative Thermogravimetry (DTG) results shows a minor mass lossrate at a temperature range of 50–150oC as well as a major mass loss rate due to pyrolysis of key fiberconstituents such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin between 260 and 350oC. Also it was observed thatas the percentage of banana in the hybrid fiber increases the speed of high temperature mass loss reduces.

Polymeric materials are used in different industrial applications because they retain good environmental properties, low-cost, and easy to produce compared to conventional materials. This study investigated the effect of adding Kaolin particulate (KFP) and Luffa cylindrica fiber (LCF) on the mechanical properties of polyester resin. Luffa cylindrica fiber was treated with 5% NaOH, varied in weight fraction (5, 10, and 15%wt), and was used to reinforce unsaturated polyester resin using the hand lay-up method, whereas, for the hybrid composite, Kaolin particulates were kept constant at 6wt% fraction while the fibers varied as in the mono-reinforced composite. The samples were machined for mechanical analysis. Analysis of the result revealed that the reinforcement has enhanced greatly the mechanical properties of polyester composites.

Bu çalışma, elektriksel kontak kesici uygulamalarında kullanılabilecek aşınmaya dayanıklı en iyi polimer veya polimer kompozit çiftini bulmayı hedeflemiştir. Bunun için disk üzerinde pim aşınma düzeneği kullanılmıştır. Pim malzemesi olarak katkısız poli-eter-eter-keton (PEEK) polimeri ile ağırlıkça %20 ve %30 oranında cam elyaf (CE) takviyeli PEEK kompozitleri kullanılmıştır. Karşı disk malzeme olarak ise uzun cam elyaf takviyeli ve kalsiyum karbonat mineral dolgulu doymamış polyester kompozit malzeme kullanılmıştır. Tribolojik deneylerde cam elyaf katkı oranının aşınmaya etkisi incelenmiş aynı zamanda uygulanan basıncın etkisi de araştırılmıştır. Tribolojik testler, oda sıcaklığında 1.77, 3.53 ve 5.30 MPa basınçlar altında ve 30 m/dak kayma hızında oda sıcaklığında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlardan, en yüksek aşınma oranı 5.30 MPa basınç altında 4.42x10-14 m2 N-1 değerine sahip PEEK+%30CE polimer kompozitinde elde edilmiştir. En düşük aşınma oranı ise 1.77 MPa basınç altında 1.13x10-14 m2 N-1 değeri ile katkısız PEEK polimerinde elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda teste tabi tutulan malzemeler arasında, uzun cam elyaf takviyeli ve kalsiyum karbonat dolgulu katkısız polyester kompozit malzemesi ile katkısız PEEK polimer çifti, elektrik kontak kesici uygulamaları için en uygun çift olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Las fibras naturales se han convirtiendo en una excelente alternativa para usos industriales. Esto se debe a su fácil accesibilidad en el mercado y por ser una materia prima renovable. El presente trabajo busca usar la cabuya como material de refuerzo con matriz poliéster para aplicaciones automotrices con bajo costo y peso. Este es el caso de los retrovisores de un vehículo, para el cual se fabricó un molde base. Sobre el molde se realizará el aplicado y moldeado del retrovisor utilizando la fibra de cabuya y una resina poliéster. Las mezclas de octoato de cobalto y peróxido de metil-etilcetona (MEKP) con la fibra natural reducen considerablemente el peso; el costo de manufactura se ve reducido aproximadamente en un 40 % debido a la facilidad de manejo de la fibra y la adquisición de este material. Se recomienda la utilización de la cabuya para aplicaciones automotrices (espejo retrovisor) ya que presenta una reducción considerable en su peso y costo relativamente bajo en comparación con el componente original.//Natural fibers are becoming an efficient alternative for industrial applications. This is due to its easy accessibility in the market and for being a renewable raw material. The present work seeks to replace the cabuya as reinforcement material with polyester matrix for automotive applications with low cost and weight. This is the case of the mirrors of a vehicle, for which a base mold was manufactured. On the mold will be applied and molded the mirror on which the use of the fiber of cabuya and a polyester resin is detached. Mixtures of cobalt octoate and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) with natural fiber significantly reduce weight; the manufacturing cost is reduced by approximately 40% due to the ease of handling of the fiber and the acquisition of this material. The application of the cabuya is recommended for automotive applications such as the rearview mirror as it presents a considerable reduction in its weight and relatively low cost compared to the original component.

This study aims to systematically investigate the abrasive wear performance of composite material with multi-layer polyester fiber interweaving and PTFE particle reinforced polyester matrix under dry friction conditions. Abrasive wear performance experimentally investigated by applying the block on ring test method depending on the direction of fiber weaving. The test material exposed to pure water, mineral oil, HNO3, and NH3 for 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks. The sliding distances and test durations were determined to be 2.26, 4.52, 6.78 and 9.04 km, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours respectively. The best wear resistance was obtained in the perpendicular direction to the fiber reinforcement. While HNO3 and NH3 environments significantly decrease the wear resistance, oil and pure water environments increase the wear resistance by lubricant effect.

The effect of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) treatment of short bamboo fibres on mechanical properties and water absorption character of polyester composite is investigated. Treatment time and Na2CO3 co...

This study aims to determine the effect of volume fraction (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%) of composite banana stem fiber with polyester matrix on tensile strength and impact strength. From the results of the study obtained an average strength value the most optimal tensile is found in the 10% fiber volume fraction and 90% matrix that is 51.863 N/mm2 and strain value 5.754 N/mm2. As for the lowest tensile strength at 20% fiber volume fraction and 80% matrix that is 36.356 N/mm2 and strain value 7.796%. The composite which has the highest average energy and impact value is the 50% volume fraction matrix 50% has an absorption rate with an average absorbed energy value of 0.8093 Joules and an average Impact Price of 0.0101 Joules / mm2, while the lowest in the volume fraction of 20%, 80% matrix with an average energy value of 0.4129 Joules and an average Impact Price of 0.0052 Joules/mm2. It can be concluded that the addition of fiber volume fraction affects the tensile strength and impact strength.

In this study, a sheet of random rice straw fiber was developed. These rice straw sheets were used to reinforce polyester matrix. Synthesis of rice straw sheets and glass fibers as synthetic fibers-reinforced polyester composites were investigated. Several new stacking sequences were fabricated with random glass fiber mats with different areal densities (225 g/m2, 300 g/m2, and 450 g/m2) and rice straw sheets. The specific mechanical properties of these natural/synthetic fiber composites were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of the fracture surfaces of the fabricated hybrid composites. Experimental results showed that specific tensile and flexural stiffness of rice straw fiber composite is better those obtained with glass fiber composites. The hybrid natural/synthesis composites with alternating glass fiber mat with areal densities 300 g/m2, and rice straw shows higher specific tensile strength than rice straw and other hybrid composites. Hybrid composites with high areal density on the outer surfaces yield a significant increase in flexural-specific strength and hardness as compared to other fabricated composites.

Composite are now accepted in various structural application, but the emphasis has shifted towards environmental issues; which gives natural fibres the advantage as they are eco-friendly and biodegradable. This study involves the water absorption behaviour of flax and hemp combined natural fibres and the bending characteristics of flax/hemp hybrid polyester matrix composites treated at various temperatures. The stiffness of the composite was noted to reduce at 110 °C. The moisture absorption profile did rise to a variable plateau. Also investigated was the effect on the energy absorbed due to the presence of water in the composites.

In today’s world, the need for the alternate materials is escalating nowadays due to the scarcity for the traditional materials. Mostly the composites are reinforced with natural fibers like plant fibers. Only some animal fibers are used as reinforcement in the polymer composites. Due to this there are numerous research works are under progress in identifying the suitable fibers for enhancing the properties of the composites. In this work, the antenna of the prawns is used as reinforcement in the polyester matrix. The influences of the chemical treatments are studied by treating the fibers in three types of chemicals. The fibers are reinforced and filled by waste plastic particulates to enhance the mechanical properties. The fibers are treated with hydrogen peroxide, potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. The treated fibers and waste plastic particulates are reinforced to the matrix at fixed weight proportions and the optimum combination levels and treatment were found using ANOVA.

In this work, we focus on evaluating the mechanical performance and effects of the drilling parameters as a function of cutting process such as spindle speed (355, 710 and 1400 rev/min), feed rate (50, 108 and 190 mm/min) and the tool diameter (5, 7 and 10 mm) on eventually delamination factors in drilling short jute fibre-reinforced polyester biocomposites (JFRBCs). The work was carried out using Brad & Spur (HSS) drill. The experiment design was established by application of the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The goodness-of-fit for Fd delamination factor was detected between the predicted and experimental results with a high coefficient of R2 of 0.9156 for jute fibre at 5 mm of length reinforced with polyester matrix (J05). The obtained optimum conditions for Fd factor were a feed rate of 50 mm/min, a spindle speed of 1069.41 to 1150.97 rev/min, and a drill diameter of 5 mm.

In this study, a SiO2@carbon dot (CD) nanohybrid was prepared by a hydrothermal method and incorporated into waterborne polyester matrix through an in situ process to develop the polyester nanocomp...

The development of increasingly advanced technology, especially in the health sector, can lead to an increase in the need for composite materials used. This study aims to describe the results of the concentration of KOH solution and the orientation of the ramie fiber on the impact strength of composites with a polyester matrix. This research is an experimental study with the manipulation variables are the concentration of the KOH solution and the orientation of the fiber direction by determining the value of the impact strength as the dependent variable of ramie fiber as a control variable of this study. This study obtained the optimum impact test result of 0.0711 J/mm2 with 5% KOH solution concentration and located at 0o/45o/90o fiber direction orientation. While the results of the lowest impact test resulted in a value of 0.0101 J/mm2 without soaking the KOH solution and located at 90o/0o/90o fiber direction orientation.

Modern industries are looking for a replacement of existing materials with a lightweight polymer-based reinforced material. In general, the polymer materials are reinforced with natural fiber, animal fiber, and wood fiber. This work deals with the importance of animal fiber in making a composite. The most widely used polyester resin is used as matrix materials and uniform sized (10-20mm) sheep wool fiber is used as reinforcement materials for making sheep wool reinforced composite. The random orientation of fibers was adopted for three different weight percentage (wt%) as 20%, 30%, and 40%. All the different weight fraction of composites is developed by using a compression molding technique. The compression mold ejected material is sized as per the ASTM standards for various tests. The tensile properties and hardness of the composite is determined experimentally. Scanning Electron Microscope image is taken to analysis the interfacial properties, internal structure and cracks of the fabricated composite.

This paper focuses on a unique form of polyester matrix composite with woven roving fibers as reinforcing agent, replacing the conventional E-glass. The impact of different types of orthophthalic unsaturated polyester matrix and their composites on tensile strength of polyester matrix composite with woven roving fiber is investigated. Polyester matrix composite with woven roving fiber reinforcement is made by hand lay-up technique, where different types of orthophthalic unsaturated polyester matrices available in the market are used. The mechanical properties of the developed material are tested using universal testing machine, which investigated tensile strength. The BYK A-555 (coded 555) orthophthalic unsaturated polyester matrix showed 30% greater tensile strength and required least curing time as compared to other matrices, including Mc Laren S3133 (coded 3133), LUPOY-GP5300 (coded GP5300) and HSEA-LF1 (coded LF1). However, the composite of 3133 and 555 shows 50% greater tensile strength as compared to single matrix, and when all orthophthalic unsaturated polyester resins (3133 + 555 + GP5300 + LF1) are mixed together, their composite show 70% greater tensile as compared to single unsaturated polyester matrix.

This study aimed to determine the influence of fiber volume fraction towards composite toughness and the composite hybrid fracture pattern models reinforced by hemp fiber and fiberglass to find out the ratio of composite toughness from variation of hemp fiber volume fraction and fiberglass A1 (15 : 25), A2 (20 : 20), A3 (25 : 15)%. This research is an experimental method research with the dependent variable is composite toughness and the independent variable is the fiber volume fraction. Based on the test and data analysis, the results for fraction A1 (15 : 25)% have the greatest impact absorption of 10834.6 J/m2 compared to A2 (20 :20)% that have absorption of 8470.828 J/m2 and A3 (25 : 15)% is 7168.813 J/m2. The most prominent one of the three variations of volume fractions on this fracture pattern analysis is the existence of (delamination) or there are fibers which are not perfectly exposed to the matrix. The Delamination usually occurs due to overly tightening of the fibers.

Piassava (Attalea funifera), a palm tree endemic to Bahia, has a very flexible and resistant fiber. This data article aims to assess the effect of piassava fibers in polyester matrix on the mechanical properties of composites. Two composites were manufactured, one of the piassava fibers in polyester matrix and the other a hybrid of piassava and E-glass fibers in polyester matrix, by hot compression molding process, on which uniaxial tensile tests and three-point bending tests were later performed. The results so obtained show the effective contribution of piassava fibers as reinforcement in polymeric composites. This data article is related to “Effects of hybridization on the mechanical properties of composites reinforced by piassava fibers tissue” (de Oliveira Filho et al., 2018).

Reuse is restricted to non-commercial and no derivative uses., Binary and ternary composites were synthesized using a polyester matrix reinforced by two types of carbon inclusions, namely, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphite (Gt) (CNT/Gt/Polyester). Thermal analyses were performed, using thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, which allowed us to observe significant changes in glass transition temperatures and degradation temperatures of the composites. Dielectric measurements were performed in a frequency range from 100 Hz to 1 MHz and temperature from –33 to 107°C. The dielectric permittivity values of the CNT/Gt/Polyester ternary composites, compared to the Gt/Polyester binary composites, indicate that the addition of CNT particles to the Gt/Polyester binary system significantly improved the dielectric permittivity, due to the enhanced interfacial polarization of the host matrix, while the frequency dependence of the electrical modulus spectra revealed a Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars dielectric relaxation process that was found to follow the Cole–Davidson approach., The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Project I3N, UIDB/50025/2020 and UIDP/50025/2020, FCT/MEC and the financial support from the Diputación General de Aragón under project T03_20R (Grupo Reconocido).

The paper presents the manufacturing technology for a material obtained from glass fiber waste, quartz sand, and polyester binder, used for ornamental building plates. The composite has a cover surface that ensures protection of the material from environment attacks and a structural material that can be subjected to chemical degradation. The mechanical properties of the obtained material were experimentally investigated through compressive mechanical tests. To observe the material’s behavior in contact with external agents (rain or acid rain, due to environmental pollution), analyses were performed in laboratory conditions. An investigation on the effects of chemical attack substances was conducted. SEM and macroscopic analyses were performed, and the surface roughness was determined for each sample area. The obtained results were statistically analyzed and showed that there is no significant difference between the surface roughness for treated and untreated samples. Furthermore, the surfaces were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and mineralogical optical microscopy in polarized light with crossed nicols. It was observed that rainwater does not affect the plate structure even if the plates are used in high-pollution environments. The material is suitable for exterior building walls from the point of view of chemical attack and resistance.