4,567 results on '"positive and negative syndrome scale"'
Search Results
2. Prevalence and risk factors for chronic kidney disease among older adult patients with schizophrenia in Taiwan.
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Chang, Shu-Ting, Liou, Jiunn-Ying, Wu, Bo-Jian, and Chen, Hsing-Kang
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Objectives: There is an increasing incidence and prevalence of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. Little is known the prevalence of CKD among older patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CKD and its risk factors in older adults with schizophrenia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 240 patients with schizophrenia age 50 or older was recruited. In addition to demographic and clinical data, participants' estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation based on age, sex, ethnicity, and serum creatinine level determined from a blood sample taken from participants. Results: The overall prevalence of CKD was 11.3%. Those with CKD were older, had a longer duration of psychiatric illness, a higher body mass index (BMI), and diagnoses of hypertension compared to those in the non-CKD group. Independent of other risk factors, older age and BMI were significantly associated with CKD. Conclusions: This study found that the overall prevalence of CKD in older patients with schizophrenia was 11.3%. Independent risk factors for CKD in this population were older age and higher BMI. In addition to early identification and early treatment of CKD in older patients with schizophrenia, clinicians should actively manage the risk factors identified in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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3. Longitudinal evaluation of the early auditory gamma-band response and its modulation by attention in first-episode psychosis.
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Sklar, Alfredo L., Matinrazm, Sayna, Esseku, Annika, López-Caballero, Fran, Curtis, Mark, Seebold, Dylan, Torrence, Natasha, Fishel, Vanessa, Coffman, Brian A., and Salisbury, Dean F.
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Background Executive control over low-level information processing is impaired proximal to psychosis onset with evidence of recovery over the first year of illness. However, previous studies demonstrating diminished perceptual modulation via attention are complicated by simultaneously impaired perceptual responses. The present study examined the early auditory gamma-band response (EAGBR), a marker of early cortical processing that appears preserved in first-episode psychosis (FEP), and its modulation by attention in a longitudinal FEP sample. Methods Magnetoencephalography was recorded from 25 FEP and 32 healthy controls (HC) during active and passive listening conditions in an auditory oddball task at baseline and follow-up (4–12 months) sessions. EAGBR inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC) and evoked power were measured from responses to standard tones. Symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results There was no group difference in EAGBR power or ITPC. While EAGBR ITPC increased with attention in HC, this modulation was impaired among FEP. Diminished EAGBR modulation in FEP persisted at longitudinal follow-up. However, among FEP, recovery of EAGBR modulation was associated with reduced PANSS negative scores. Conclusion FEP exhibit impaired executive control over the flow of information at the earliest stages of sensory processing within auditory cortex. In contrast to previous work, this deficit was observed despite an intact measure of sensory processing, mitigating potential confounds. Recovery of sensory gain modulation over time was associated with reductions in negative symptoms, highlighting a source of potential resiliency against some of the most debilitating and treatment refractory symptoms in early psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Cognitive impairment in the schizophrenia spectrum: exploring the relationships of the g-factor with sociodemography, psychopathology, neurodevelopment, and genetics.
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Yeh, Delphine, He, Qin, Krebs, Emma, Iftimovici, Anton, Martinez, Gilles, Bourgin-Duchesnay, Julie, Mouaffak, Fayçal, Danset-Alexandre, Charlotte, Gasquet, Marie de, Jantac, Célia, Bendjemaa, Narjes, Chaumette, Boris, Krebs, Marie-Odile, and Scoriels, Linda
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Background Cognitive impairment constitutes a prevailing issue in the schizophrenia spectrum, severely impacting patients' functional outcomes. A global cognitive score, sensitive to the stages of the spectrum, would benefit the exploration of potential factors involved in the cognitive decline. Methods First, we performed principal component analysis on cognitive scores from 768 individuals across the schizophrenia spectrum, including first-degree relatives of patients, individuals at ultra-high risk, who had a first-episode psychosis, and chronic schizophrenia patients, alongside 124 healthy controls. The analysis provided 10 g-factors as global cognitive scores, validated through correlations with intelligence quotient and assessed for their sensitivity to the stages on the spectrum using analyses of variance. Second, using the g-factors, we explored potential mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in the schizophrenia spectrum using correlations with sociodemographic, clinical, and developmental data, and linear regressions with genotypic data, pooled through meta-analyses. Results The g-factors were highly correlated with intelligence quotient and with each other, confirming their validity. They presented significant differences between subgroups along the schizophrenia spectrum. They were positively correlated with educational attainment and the polygenic risk score (PRS) for cognitive performance, and negatively correlated with general psychopathology of schizophrenia, neurodevelopmental load, and the PRS for schizophrenia. Conclusions The g-factors appeared as valid estimators of global cognition, enabling discerning cognitive states within the schizophrenia spectrum. Educational attainment and genetics related to cognitive performance may have a positive influence on cognitive functioning, while general psychopathology of schizophrenia, neurodevelopmental load, and genetic liability to schizophrenia may have an adverse impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Predictors of clozapine efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: A cross-sectional analysis of sociodemographic, clinical, biochemical, and electrophysiological EEG changes
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Sumaila Asif, Jigyansa Ipsita Pattnaik, Ipsita Debata, Sudipta Kumar Das, Jayaprakash Russell Ravan, Swayanka Samantaray, and Ramakant Swain
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brief psychiatry rating scale ,clozapine ,electroencephalogram ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,schizophrenia ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Context: Although neuroleptics are available for treating schizophrenia, patient compliance with treatment remains a major hurdle. Such patients turn into treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) where clozapine can be prescribed, but it causes severe side effects. Many markers can predict favorable responses to clozapine therapy. Aims: To assess sociodemographic, clinical, electrophysiological, and biochemical parameters among TRS patients and to evaluate the difference between TRS patients with and without response to clozapine. Settings and Design: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of 2 years from October 31, 2020, to November 1, 2022, in the Psychiatry Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Odisha. Materials and Methods: All patients visiting the Psychiatry Department of a tertiary care hospital, diagnosed with International Classification of Diseases schizophrenia were screened for TRS as per modified Kane’s criteria. The assessed parameters were compared using the Brief Psychiatry Rating Scale, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale of Schizophrenia, and Clinical Global Impressions scale. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were compiled and analyzed using IBM corporation’s Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 27. Results: Thirty-one eligible patients consented to the study, with 21 (67.7%) females and 10 (32.3%) males. Maximum, 17 (54.8%), belonged to 18–35 years of age. The biochemical parameters, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and triglycerides (TGs) had mean values of 94.56 (±6.6) mg/dL and 157 (±9.8) mg/dL, respectively. Gross electroencephalogram abnormalities were seen in 3 (10%) cases. Conclusions: The female gender, higher education, and a shorter duration of untreated psychosis predicted a better outcome. The patients showing good responses had higher trends in FBS and TGs at follow-up. Clozapine was associated with increased electrophysiological intra- and interhemispheric asymmetry.
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- 2024
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6. Resting-state electroencephalogram in drug-free subjects with at-risk mental states who later developed psychosis: a low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analysis.
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Yuko Higuchi, Shizuka Odagiri, Takahiro Tateno, Michio Suzuki, and Tsutomu Takahashi
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MAGNETIC induction tomography ,PREFRONTAL cortex ,BRAIN tomography ,PSYCHOSES ,POWER spectra ,ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY - Abstract
Background and objectives: Several studies have reported on the restingstate electroencephalogram (EEG) power in patients with schizophrenia, with a decrease in a (especially a2) and an increase in d and b1 power compared with healthy control; however, reports on at-risk mental states (ARMS) are few. In this study, we measured the resting-state EEG power in ARMS, and investigated its features and the relationship between the power of the frequency bands and their diagnostic outcomes. Methods: Patients with ARMS who were not on any psychotropic medication and met the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State criteria were included. Patients who developed psychotic disorders were labeled as the ARMS-P group, while patients with ARMS who were followed up prospectively for more than 2 years and did not develop psychotic disorders were classified as the ARMS-NP group. EEGs were measured in the resting state, and frequencies were analyzed using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA). Seven bands (d, ", a1, a2, b1-3) underwent analysis. The sLORETA values (current source density [CSD]) were compared between the ARMS-P and ARMS-NP groups. Clinical symptoms were assessed at the time of EEG measurements using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results: Of the 39 patients included (25 males, 14 females, 18.8 ± 4.5 years old), eight developed psychotic disorders (ARMS-P). The ARMS-P group exhibited significantly higher CSD in the b1 power within areas of the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG) compared with the ARMS-NP group (best match: X = 35, Y = 25, Z = 50 [MNI coordinates], Area 8, CSD = 2.33, p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the b1/a ratio of the CSD at left MFG and the Somatic concern score measured by the PANSS. Discussion: Increased b1 power was observed in the resting EEG before the onset of psychosis and correlated with a symptom. This suggests that resting EEG power may be a useful marker for predicting future conversion to psychosis and clinical symptoms in patients with ARMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Influence of perceived harm due to substance use on the relationships between positive psychotic experiences and suicidal experiences in people with non-affective psychosis.
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SUBSTANCE abuse , *RISK assessment , *CROSS-sectional method , *SUICIDAL ideation , *DELUSIONS , *RESEARCH funding , *MENTAL illness , *EMOTIONS , *SEVERITY of illness index , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SELF-mutilation , *HALLUCINATIONS , *PSYCHOSES , *FACTOR analysis , *COGNITION , *DISEASE complications - Abstract
Background The ways in which perceived harm due to substance use affects relationships between psychotic and suicidal experiences are poorly understood. The goal of the current study was to redress this gap by investigating the moderating effects of harm due to substance use on pathways involving positive psychotic symptoms, the perceived cognitive-emotional sequelae of those symptoms, and suicidal ideation. Method The design was cross-sectional. Mediation and moderated mediation pathways were tested. The predictor was severity of positive psychotic symptoms. Cognitive interpretative and emotional characteristics of both auditory hallucinations and delusions were mediators. Suicidal ideation was the outcome variable. General symptoms associated with severe mental health problems were statistically controlled for. Results There was evidence of an indirect pathway between positive psychotic symptom severity and suicidal ideation via cognitive interpretation and emotional characteristics of both auditory hallucinations and delusions. Harm due to drug use, but not alcohol use, moderated the indirect pathway involving delusions such that it was most prominent when harm due to drug use was at medium-to-high levels. The components of suicidal ideation that were most strongly affected by this moderated indirect pathway were active intent, passive desire, and lack of deterrents. Conclusions From both scientific and therapy development perspectives, it is important to understand the complex interplay between, not only the presence of auditory hallucinations and delusions, but the ensuing cognitive and emotional consequences of those experiences which, when combined with harm associated with substance use, in particular drug use, can escalate suicidal thoughts and acts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Predictors of clozapine efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: A cross-sectional analysis of sociodemographic, clinical, biochemical, and electrophysiological EEG changes.
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Asif, Sumaila, Pattnaik, Jigyansa Ipsita, Debata, Ipsita, Das, Sudipta Kumar, Ravan, Jayaprakash Russell, Samantaray, Swayanka, and Swain, Ramakant
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DRUG therapy for schizophrenia ,CROSS-sectional method ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY ,TERTIARY care ,SYMPTOMS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHI-squared test ,MANN Whitney U Test ,LONGITUDINAL method ,DRUG efficacy ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,DATA analysis software ,CLOZAPINE ,BIOMARKERS ,ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY ,SOCIAL classes ,EVALUATION - Abstract
Context: Although neuroleptics are available for treating schizophrenia, patient compliance with treatment remains a major hurdle. Such patients turn into treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) where clozapine can be prescribed, but it causes severe side effects. Many markers can predict favorable responses to clozapine therapy. Aims: To assess sociodemographic, clinical, electrophysiological, and biochemical parameters among TRS patients and to evaluate the difference between TRS patients with and without response to clozapine. Settings and Design: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of 2 years from October 31, 2020, to November 1, 2022, in the Psychiatry Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Odisha. Materials and Methods: All patients visiting the Psychiatry Department of a tertiary care hospital, diagnosed with International Classification of Diseases schizophrenia were screened for TRS as per modified Kane's criteria. The assessed parameters were compared using the Brief Psychiatry Rating Scale, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale of Schizophrenia, and Clinical Global Impressions scale. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were compiled and analyzed using IBM corporation's Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 27. Results: Thirty-one eligible patients consented to the study, with 21 (67.7%) females and 10 (32.3%) males. Maximum, 17 (54.8%), belonged to 18–35 years of age. The biochemical parameters, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and triglycerides (TGs) had mean values of 94.56 (±6.6) mg/dL and 157 (±9.8) mg/dL, respectively. Gross electroencephalogram abnormalities were seen in 3 (10%) cases. Conclusions: The female gender, higher education, and a shorter duration of untreated psychosis predicted a better outcome. The patients showing good responses had higher trends in FBS and TGs at follow-up. Clozapine was associated with increased electrophysiological intra- and interhemispheric asymmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Efficacy of HP-3070, A Once-Daily Asenapine Transdermal System, in the Treatment of Adults with Schizophrenia: A PANSS Five-Factor Analysis
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Citrome L, Castelli M, Hasebe M, Terahara T, Faden J, and Komaroff M
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asenapine ,transdermal ,patch ,schizophrenia ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,five-factor ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Leslie Citrome,1 Mariacristina Castelli,2 Masami Hasebe,3 Takaaki Terahara,3 Justin Faden,4 Marina Komaroff2 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA; 2Product Development, Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Jersey City, NJ, USA; 3Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc, Tokyo, Japan; 4Department of Psychiatry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USACorrespondence: Leslie Citrome, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, New York Medical College, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA, Tel +1 845-362-2081, Email nntman@gmail.comIntroduction: HP-3070, a once-daily asenapine transdermal system, is the first antipsychotic “patch” formulation FDA approved for adults with schizophrenia. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score items can be grouped into a five-factor structure to describe specific schizophrenia symptom domains. This post hoc analysis of data from a pivotal study evaluated HP-3070’s efficacy by examining these factors.Methods: In a phase 3 study, adults with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia were randomized to six weeks of treatment with HP-3070 3.8mg/24h, 7.6mg/24h, or placebo. An analysis was performed using the five PANSS factor domains (negative symptoms, positive symptoms, disorganized thought, uncontrolled hostility/excitement, anxiety/depression). Mixed-model repeated-measures (MMRM) analysis included change from baseline (CFB) in PANSS factor score as the repeated dependent variable, with country, treatment, visit, treatment by visit interaction, and baseline PANSS score as covariates.Results: The analysis included 607 patients. Treatment with HP-3070 3.8mg/24h resulted in a statistically significant LS mean CFB (improvement) vs placebo at Weeks 4– 6 for all domains except for anxiety/depression, where a numerical difference was observed in favor of active treatments. Among the domains, the positive symptom factor demonstrated the numerically greatest LS mean (SE) difference from placebo in CFB, which for HP-3070 7.6mg/24h was − 2.0 [0.57] and for HP-3070 3.8mg/24h was − 2.3 [0.57]; P< 0.001 for both. Treatment effect size for the positive symptom factor using Cohen’s d (95% confidence intervals) was 0.39 (0.17, 0.61) for HP-3070 7.6mg/24h and 0.45 (0.20, 0.64) for HP-3070 3.8mg/24h.Discussion: Post hoc analysis using a PANSS five-factor model suggests that HP-3070 may address a broad range of symptoms in people with schizophrenia.Keywords: asenapine, transdermal, patch, schizophrenia, positive and negative syndrome scale, five-factor
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- 2024
10. The effectiveness of risperidone on PANSS score and IL-6 in confirmed COVID-19 schizophrenic patients
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Sonny Teddy Lisal, Hawaidah Hawaidah, Dessy Natalia, Arifin Seweng, Yuyun Widaningsih, Erlyn Limoa, and Saidah Syamsuddin
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COVID-19 ,risperidone ,schizophrenia ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,Interleukin-6 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The study aimed to determine the efficacy of risperidone on PANSS scores and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in schizophrenia patients with confirmed COVID-19. The study type was analytical observational, with a prospective cohort design. The subjects included inpatient Schizophrenia patients with and without COVID-19, mild-moderate and asymptomatic COVID-19, and schizophrenic patients without COVID-19 who were hospitalized and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, for a total of 22 subjects in each group. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Elisa Interleukin 6 (IL-6) serum were sampled consecutively for this study. In the positive covid-19 group, the Mean IL-6 Post was significantly lower than Pre (23.0 vs. 26.1, p
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- 2024
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11. The European Portuguese Version of the Brief Negative Symptom Scale.
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Santos, Henrique Castro, Rodrigues, Alexandra, Ferreira, Sara, Martins, João Malhadas, Baptista, Tiago, Gama Marques, João, Kirkpatrick, Brian, and Prata, Diana
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PSYCHOSES , *SYMPTOMS , *TEST validity , *SCHIZOAFFECTIVE disorders - Abstract
Negative symptoms reflect a currently much-untreated loss of normal functioning and are frequently found in psychotic disorders. We present the first translation of the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) to European Portuguese and evaluate its validity in a sample of Portuguese male patients with a psychotic spectrum disorder. The Portuguese BNSS showed excellent internal consistency, high convergent validity (i.e., strong correlation with the PANSS negative factor), and high discriminant validity (i.e., a lack of association with the PANSS positive factor). In sum, the present European Portuguese BNSS has shown to be reliable, thus extending this instrument's clinical availability worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. 不同首发年龄精神分裂症患者 临床特征及影响.
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杨凡, 徐沛琳, 黄悦勤, 刘肇瑞, 张婷婷, 何燕玲, 章杰, 龚元东, 刘燕, 刘波, 赵乐胜, 吴国平, 刘敏, 王延军, 王继才, 高长青, and 卢瑾
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Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and related socio-demographic factors of schizophrenia patients with different ages of onset. Methods: Totally 2 016 patients with schizophrenia aged 15 to 70 were selected according to the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. All of the patients were interviewed by psychiatrists using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview to diagnose schizophrenia, Clinical-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity (CRDPSS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to assess symptoms. The cut-off points were 18 and 25 years old for three age groups, i. e. early onset (EOS), youth onset (YOS) and adult onset (AOS) . Statistical analyses were performed by analysis of variance Pearson correlation analysis, and multivariate linear regression. Results: The early-onset patients had the highest total PANSS score (73. 8±28. 0) and CRDPSS score (11. 7±5. 4) . Female gender, high education level, Han ethnicity, early onset age, and slower onset of illness were negatively correlated with the total and dimension score of PANSS scale and CRDPSS scale (standardized regression coefficient: 0. 04-0. 47), and income level and smoking were negatively correlated with those score (standardized regression coefficient: -0. 04--0. 14) . Conclusion: Early-onset schizophrenia patients have more severe symptoms, and female, high education level, early-onset disease, and chronic onset are the risk factors of symptom severity in patients with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. How first-episode psychosis patients' subjective beliefs about their childhood trauma's causal effect provide support for potential schizophrenia subtypes.
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Schaug, Julie Perrine, Storebø, Ole Jakob, Pedersen, Marlene Buch, Haahr, Ulrik Helt, and Simonsen, Erik
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ADVERSE childhood experiences , *PSYCHOSES , *SCHIZOPHRENIA , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Childhood and adolescent trauma is a risk factor for developing psychosis-spectrum disorders. The current study aimed to assess how childhood trauma might predict psychosis symptomatology, and how patients' beliefs of whether trauma is the cause of psychosis might affect this association. Ninety-six first-episode psychosis patients were assessed for childhood traumatic experiences with the Brief Betrayal Trauma Survey, and for psychosis symptoms with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Non-interpersonal trauma predicted higher positive symptoms, whereas more trauma domains experienced predicted lower negative symptoms. Almost half of the participants believed trauma to be related to psychosis, were 12 times more likely to reexperience trauma through psychosis, and had higher excitative and emotional symptoms. Non-interpersonal trauma also predicted higher positive symptoms in this group. Those who did not believe trauma to be the cause of psychosis had higher negative symptoms, and a negative dose-response was found for negative and disorganised symptoms, in which more trauma domains experienced predicted lower scores. Results imply two traumagenic pathways to psychosis, one characterised by positive, excitative, and emotional symptoms, and one negative subtype, characterised by negative and disorganised symptoms. Clinical implications for how findings might contribute to better treatments are discussed. • Non-interpersonal trauma predicted higher positive symptoms • Half of participants believed their trauma to be the cause of their psychotic disorder • More trauma predicted less negative symptoms, especially for those not believing trauma to be causing their psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. The efficacy and safety of sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of schizophrenia: a meta-analysis.
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Xinxing Fei, Jiyang Li, Shiqi Wang, Jianxiong Wang, Changmei Guo, Rizhi Qisha, Yaqian Gao, and Yue Hu
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SODIUM nitroferricyanide ,PSYCHIATRIC rating scales ,SCHIZOPHRENIA ,MENTAL illness - Abstract
Objective: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disease that brings not only serious burdens to patients and their families but also serious challenges to society. More research is needed to find better drugs to treat schizophrenia. This meta-analysis investigated the efficacy and safety of sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of schizophrenia. Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of schizophrenia were searched via English and Chinese databases. The outcomes, including the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), were recorded. RevMan 5.3 was used for the meta-analysis. Results: A total of six randomized controlled trials (174 patients) were included. The overall quality of the included studies was good. No statistically significant benefit of sodium nitroprusside over placebo was found when combined PANSS total and BPRS-18 (95% CI: -1.40, 0.02). Except for PANSS positive (95% CI: -1.86, -0.01), there was no significant difference in the scale score after sodium nitroprusside treatment compared with the control group in PANSS total (95% CI: -4.93, 0.23), PANSS general (95% CI: -2.53, 1.33), and PANSS negative (95% CI: -4.44, 0.89). The results of the sensitivity analysis excluding the study with clinical heterogeneity showed that sodium nitroprusside had no statistical benefit for the score of PANSS positive (95% CI: -2.19, 0.46). Moreover, there was also no significant difference in the BPRS-18 (95% CI: -3.23, -0.43). Conclusion: We conservatively believe that sodium nitroprusside does not alleviate the symptoms of schizophrenia compared with placebo. The subjects tolerated sodium nitroprusside well. Our findings provide a new idea for researchers to explore and solve the drug treatment of schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Effects of Brexpiprazole Across Symptom Domains in Patients With Schizophrenia: Post Hoc Analysis of Short- and Long-Term Studies
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Marder, Stephen R, Meehan, Stine R, Weiss, Catherine, Chen, Dalei, Hobart, Mary, and Hefting, Nanco
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Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Schizophrenia ,Clinical Research ,Mental Health ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Brain Disorders ,Neurosciences ,Depression ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Mental health ,Marder factors ,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ,antipsychotic ,clinical trial ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
The successful treatment of schizophrenia entails improvement across a spectrum of symptoms. The aim of this post hoc analysis was to characterize the short- and long-term effects of brexpiprazole on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 'Marder factors.' Data were included from three 6-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies; a 52-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled maintenance treatment study; and two 52-week open-label extension (OLEx) studies-all in schizophrenia (DSM-IV-TR criteria). Patients receiving oral brexpiprazole were dosed at 2-4 mg/day (short-term studies) or 1-4 mg/day (long-term studies). At Week 6, least squares mean differences (LSMDs, with 95% confidence limits [CLs]) for brexpiprazole (n = 868) vs placebo (n = 517) were: Positive symptoms: -1.55 (-2.30, -0.80), P < .0001, Cohen's d effect size (ES) = 0.27; Negative symptoms: -1.12 (-1.63, -0.61), P < .0001, ES = 0.29; Disorganized thought: -1.26 (-1.78, -0.74), P < .0001, ES = 0.32; Uncontrolled hostility/excitement: -0.76 (-1.15, -0.37), P = .0002, ES = 0.26; Anxiety/ depression: -0.56 (-0.91, -0.22), P = .0014, ES = 0.22. At last visit of the maintenance study, LSMDs (95% CLs) for brexpiprazole (n = 96) vs placebo (n = 104) were: Positive symptoms: -3.44 (-4.99, -1.89), P < .0001, ES = 0.62; Negative symptoms: -1.23 (-2.52, 0.07), P = .063, ES = 0.27; Disorganized thought: -1.69 (-2.81, -0.56), P = .0035, ES = 0.42; Uncontrolled hostility/excitement: -1.26 (-2.12, -0.39), P = .0046, ES = 0.41; Anxiety/depression: -0.72 (-1.47, 0.03), P = .061, ES = 0.27. In the OLEx studies, improvements were maintained over 58 (6 + 52) weeks of brexpiprazole treatment. In conclusion, these data suggest that brexpiprazole treats the continuum of schizophrenia symptoms, in the short- and long-term. Trial Registration: Data used in this post hoc analysis came from ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT01396421, NCT01393613, NCT01810380, NCT01668797, NCT01397786, NCT01810783.
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- 2021
16. Comparative Assessment of Effect on Psychomotor Performance Efficacy and Adherence of Levosulpiride and Olanzapine in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Parallel, Open-label, Prospective Observational Study.
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Pramoda, N, Turankar, V, Thakre, Manish, Mahajan, Sudhir, Mahakalkar, Sunil, Shetty, Ashwita, and Sasi, Sandeep
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PSYCHOMOTOR disorders , *SCHIZOPHRENIA , *OLANZAPINE , *MOTOR ability , *REACTION time - Abstract
Context: Schizophrenia is mostly treated with atypical antipsycotics, which may be required for lifetime. Olanzapine is commonly used in this condition, whereas levosulpiride is approved in India for the same. Knowing the effect of these drugs on psychomotor function helps in choosing a suitable drug to a particular patient based on his daily activities. Aims: The aim is to compare the effect of levosulpiride and olanzapine on psychomotor performance, efficacy, and adherence in patients with schizophrenia. Settings and Design: This was open-label, parallel arm, prospective observational study carried out in a tertiary care hospital of central India from December 2019 to December 2021. Subjects and Methods: Thirty-six patients visiting psychiatry OPD, diagnosed by treating psychiatrist as schizophrenia were assessed by CFFT, hand steadiness test (HST), arithmetic ability test, and reaction time (RT) for psychomotor function, and symptoms were scored on positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and brief negative symptom scale (BNSS) rating scales at the first visit, end of 4 and 8 weeks. Adherence was assessed by the Medication adherence rating scale at 8 weeks. Results: Statistically significant increase in RT was seen in both levosulpiride (P = 0.04) and olanzapine (P = 0.0065) groups, whereas only the olanzapine group had a significant change in CFFT (P = 0.04) and HST (P = 0.01) at 8 weeks. On head-to-head comparison, a statistically significant worsening in HST score (P = 0.01) was seen in olanzapine group. Both the groups had significant decreases in all PANSS (P < 0.001) and BNSS (P < 0.001) scores. When change in PANSS and BNSS scores were compared with each other, the levosulpiride group had a significantly more decrease in scores on PANSS negative scale (P = 0.03). Patients in both groups were adherent to treatment. Conclusions: Our study concluded that levosulpiride is better than olanzapine on its fine motor control. Both the drugs increase RT while only olanzapine worsened fine motor control and CFF. Both the drugs were effective for schizophrenia with 8 weeks treatment, while levosulpiride is superior to olanzapine in improving negative symptoms of schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Association of CTNND2 gene polymorphism with schizophrenia: Two-sample case-control study in Chinese Han population.
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Chen, Zhaonian, Li, Xiaojing, Cui, Xiangzheng, Zhang, Luwen, Liu, Qing, Lu, Yanli, Wang, Xiujuan, Shi, Han, Ding, Minli, Yang, Yongfeng, Li, Wenqiang, and Lv, Luxian
- Abstract
Objectives: Genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Catenin Delta 2 (CTNND2) is one of the genes regulating neuronal development in the brain. It is unclear whether CTNND2 is involved in SZ. With the hypothesis that CTNND2 may be a risk gene for SZ, we performed a case-control association analysis to investigate if CTNND2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are implicated in SZ in a Han Chinese population. Materials and Methods: We recruited subjects from 2010 to 2022 from the Han population of northern Henan and divided them into two case-control samples, including a discovery sample (SZ = 528 and controls = 528) and replication sample (SZ = 2458 and controls = 6914). Twenty-one SNPs were genotyped on the Illumina BeadStation 500G platform using GoldenGate technology and analyzed by PLINK. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess clinical symptoms. Results: Rs16901943, rs7733427, and rs2168878 SNPs were associated with SZ (Chi
2 = 7.484, 11.576, and 5.391, respectively, df = 1; p = 0.006, 0.00067, and 0.02, respectively) in the two samples. Rs10058868 was associated with SZ in male patients in the discovery sample (Chi2 = 6.264, df = 1, p =.044). Only the relationship with rs7733427 survived Bonferroni correction. Linkage disequilibrium block three haplotypes were associated with SZ in the discovery and total sample. PANSS analysis of the four SNPs implicated rs10058868 and rs2168878 in symptoms of depression and excitement, respectively, in the patients with SZ. Conclusion: Four SNPs of the CTNND2 gene were identified as being correlated with SZ. This gene may be involved in susceptibility to SZ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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18. The Arabic Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences in patients with psychotic disorders: a clinical validation
- Author
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Arij Yehya, Salma M. Khaled, Iris E. C. Sommer, Saba F. Elhag, Mohamed H. M. O. Hassan, Peter Woodruff, and Majid Alabdalla
- Subjects
Psychotic Disorders ,Positive and Negative Syndrome scale ,Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences ,Clinical Validity ,Qatar ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Psychotic experiences are reported in the general population. The Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences (QPE) was created to test the phenomenological features of these experiences and compare them with those reported in patients with psychiatric and other medical conditions. The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the QPE. Methods We recruited 50 patients with psychotic disorders from the Hamad Medical Hospital in Doha, Qatar. Patients underwent assessment over three sessions with trained interviewees using the Arabic versions of QPE, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). Patients were also reassessed using the QPE and GAF after 14-days from the initial assessment in order to test for the stability of the scale. In this respect, this is the first study that assesses the test–retest reliability of the QPE. The psychometric properties including convergent validity, stability, and internal consistency met the benchmarked criteria. Results Results confirmed that the Arabic version of QPE accurately measured the experiences of patients that were also reported using the PANSS, an internationally accepted, well-established scale for measuring psychotic symptom severity. Conclusion We propose the use of the QPE to describe the phenomenology of PEs across modalities in Arabic speaking communities.
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
19. Do symptoms moderate the association between participation and executive functions outcomes among people with schizophrenia?
- Author
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Alona Kaizerman-Dinerman, David Roe, Naor Demeter, and Naomi Josman
- Subjects
PANSS ,Positive and negative syndrome scale ,Symptom ,Moderator ,Metacognitive limitation ,Participation ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Literature explains participation limitations among people with schizophrenia through the context of metacognitive limitations, specifically in symptoms and in executive functions (EF). Research has shown mixed results regarding associations between symptoms and participation, reporting association with negative symptoms, positive symptoms, or only metacognitive limitations. The aim of this study was to deepen understanding of the symptoms’ impact on the association between participation and executive function among people with schizophrenia. Methods Forty-three participants with schizophrenia received 8 group sessions of focused metacognitive intervention (MCG) aimed at promoting participation by focusing on EF components (e.g., analyzing individual cognitive strategy use). Three measures were administered: the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to evaluate symptoms, the Weekly Calendar Planning Assessment (WCPA) to assess EF, and the Activity Card Sort (ACS) to measure participation at the baseline and 12 weeks following completion of the intervention. Scores were compared to a matched control group of 41 people with schizophrenia who instead received treatment as usual. The role of PANSS as moderator was examined using multiple hierarchical regressions, entering interactions between the PANSS scores and WCPA change scores in the final regression step. Results Relationships were not significant for participants with high PANSS scores. A positive relationship existed between change in WCPA and change in ACS for participants with low PANSS scores. Conclusions These results demonstrate that low PANSS scores moderate the association between EF and participation and highlight the importance of symptoms as a predictor of participation following the MCG intervention. Trial registration The trial was retrospectively registered at clinical.trial.gov. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05556941. Clinicaltrial.gov registration date: 27/09/2022.
- Published
- 2023
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20. Efficacy of clozapine in patients with schizophrenia – A 3-month follow-up study from North India
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Paramvir Singh, Yesh Chandra Singh, Abhinav Pandey, Chitrakshee Singh, Nirali Muchhala, and Sagar Karia
- Subjects
clozapine ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,treatment-resistant schizophrenia ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background: Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is one of the most disabling forms of schizophrenia. The Indian population being different in its sociodemographic factors, clinical profiles, and family structures, the experience of the efficacy of clozapine here is insufficient. Aim: The aim of the study is to explore the efficacy of clozapine in TRS over 3 months of drug use. Materials and Methods: It was an open-label interventional 12-week follow-up study, with 30 consenting adults with TRS determined as per modified Conley and Kelly's criteria of treatment resistance. The patient's sociodemographic and clinical details were recorded. Oral clozapine was initiated with gradual up-titration after preclozapine workup. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score was assessed at baseline and reviewed at 4 weekly intervals. Results: By the end of 12 weeks, on an average dose of 494 ± 113.83 mg/day, 36.67% of patients reported 25%–50% improvement in PANSS score. The maximum improvement was seen in the positive symptoms subscale followed by the general and negative symptoms subscale. Conclusion: This study enlightens the dosage differences and efficacy of clozapine in the management of TRS in the Indian population.
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- 2023
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21. Efficacy of Clozapine in Patients with Schizophrenia - A 3-Month follow-up Study from North India.
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Singh, Paramvir, Singh, Yesh Chandra, Pandey, Abhinav, Singh, Chitrakshee, Muchhala, Nirali, and Karia, Sagar
- Subjects
SCHIZOPHRENIA ,MENTAL illness ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,CLOZAPINE - Abstract
Background: Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is one of the most disabling forms of schizophrenia. The Indian population being different in its sociodemographic factors, clinical profiles, and family structures, the experience of the efficacy of clozapine here is insufficient. Aim: The aim of the study is to explore the efficacy of clozapine in TRS over 3 months of drug use. Materials and Methods: It was an open-label interventional 12-week follow-up study, with 30 consenting adults with TRS determined as per modified Conley and Kelly's criteria of treatment resistance. The patient's sociodemographic and clinical details were recorded. Oral clozapine was initiated with gradual up-titration after preclozapine workup. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score was assessed at baseline and reviewed at 4 weekly intervals. Results: By the end of 12 weeks, on an average dose of 494 ± 113.83 mg/day, 36.67% of patients reported 25%-50% improvement in PANSS score. The maximum improvement was seen in the positive symptoms subscale followed by the general and negative symptoms subscale. Conclusion: This study enlightens the dosage differences and efficacy of clozapine in the management of TRS in the Indian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
22. Positive and general psychopathology associated with specific gray matter reductions in inferior temporal regions in patients with schizophrenia.
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Mennigen, Eva, Jiang, Wenhao, Calhoun, Vince D, van Erp, Theo GM, Agartz, Ingrid, Ford, Judith M, Mueller, Bryon A, Liu, Jingyu, and Turner, Jessica A
- Subjects
Cerebral Cortex ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Organ Size ,Schizophrenia ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Schizophrenic Psychology ,Image Processing ,Computer-Assisted ,Adult ,Gray Matter ,Gray matter alterations ,Inferior temporal gyrus ,Parallel independent component analysis ,Positive and negative syndrome scale ,Mental Health ,Brain Disorders ,Neurosciences ,Clinical Research ,Mental health ,Inferior temporal gyms ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Psychiatry - Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder that affects perception, cognition, and emotion causing symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and suspiciousness. Schizophrenia is also associated with structural cortical abnormalities including lower gray matter (GM) concentration, GM volume, and cortical thickness relative to healthy control individuals. However, the association between GM measures and symptom dimensions in schizophrenia is still not well understood. Here, we applied parallel independent component analysis (pICA), a higher-order statistical approach that identifies covarying patterns within two (or more) data modalities simultaneously, to link covarying brain networks of GM concentration with covarying linear combinations of the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). In a large sample of patients with schizophrenia (n = 337) the association between these two data modalities was investigated. The pICA revealed a distinct PANSS profile characterized by increased delusional symptoms, suspiciousness, hallucinations, and anxiety, that was associated with a pattern of lower GM concentration in inferior temporal gyri and fusiform gyri and higher GM concentration in the sensorimotor cortex. GM alterations replicate previous findings; additionally, applying a multivariate technique, we were able to map a very specific symptom profile onto these GM alterations extending our understanding of cortical abnormalities associated with schizophrenia. Techniques like parallel ICA can reveal linked patterns of alterations across different data modalities that can help to identify biologically-informed phenotypes which might help to improve future treatment targets.
- Published
- 2019
23. The Arabic Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences in patients with psychotic disorders: a clinical validation.
- Author
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Yehya, Arij, Khaled, Salma M., Sommer, Iris E. C., Elhag, Saba F., Hassan, Mohamed H. M. O., Woodruff, Peter, and Alabdalla, Majid
- Subjects
PSYCHOSES ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,BECK Depression Inventory ,PEOPLE with mental illness - Abstract
Background: Psychotic experiences are reported in the general population. The Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences (QPE) was created to test the phenomenological features of these experiences and compare them with those reported in patients with psychiatric and other medical conditions. The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the QPE. Methods: We recruited 50 patients with psychotic disorders from the Hamad Medical Hospital in Doha, Qatar. Patients underwent assessment over three sessions with trained interviewees using the Arabic versions of QPE, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). Patients were also reassessed using the QPE and GAF after 14-days from the initial assessment in order to test for the stability of the scale. In this respect, this is the first study that assesses the test–retest reliability of the QPE. The psychometric properties including convergent validity, stability, and internal consistency met the benchmarked criteria. Results: Results confirmed that the Arabic version of QPE accurately measured the experiences of patients that were also reported using the PANSS, an internationally accepted, well-established scale for measuring psychotic symptom severity. Conclusion: We propose the use of the QPE to describe the phenomenology of PEs across modalities in Arabic speaking communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Association of reduced cortical thickness and psychopathological symptoms in patients with first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia.
- Author
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Zhou, Huixia, Wang, Dongmei, Cao, Bo, and Zhang, Xiangyang
- Subjects
- *
FRONTAL lobe , *PARIETAL lobe , *SCHIZOPHRENIA , *OCCIPITAL lobe , *BRAIN cortical thickness , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology , *RESEARCH funding , *CEREBRAL cortex - Abstract
There is growing evidence that reduced cortical thickness has been considered to be a central abnormality in schizophrenia. Brain imaging studies have demonstrated that the cerebral cortex becomes thinner in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. This study aimed to examine whether cortical thickness is altered in drug-naïve schizophrenia in a Chinese Han population and the relationship between cortical thickness and clinical symptoms. We compared cortical thickness in 41 schizophrenia patients and 30 healthy controls. Psychopathology of patients with schizophrenia was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The cortical thickness of left banks of superior temporal sulcus, left lateral occipital gyrus, left rostral middle frontal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule and right lateral occipital gyrus in schizophrenia patients was generally thinner compared with healthy controls. Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between cortical thickness of the left banks of superior temporal sulcus and general psychopathology of PANSS. Our results suggest that cortical thickness abnormalities are already present early in the onset of schizophrenia and are associated with psychopathological symptoms, suggesting that it plays an important role in the pathogenesis and symptomatology of schizophrenia. (1) The first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia had reduced cortical thickness than the controls. (2) Cortical thickness was associated with psychopathological symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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25. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patient with schizophrenia: The influence of disorganized symptoms, duration of schizophrenia, and drug resistance.
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Panov, Georgi and Panova, Presyana
- Subjects
PSYCHIATRIC rating scales ,DRUG resistance ,PEOPLE with schizophrenia ,SCHIZOPHRENIA - Abstract
Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder with a many-faced clinical presentation. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms are often part of it. The characteristics of the clinical picture and the course of schizophrenia are factors related to both the resistance and the manifestation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Our study aims to establish the relationship between the peculiarities of the schizophrenia process and the influence of resistance on the expression of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Methods: A study was conducted on 105 patients with schizophrenia. Of them, 39 are men and 66 are women. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment showed that 45 were resistant to the applied therapy, while the remaining 60 responded. Clinical assessment of patients was performed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) was conducted with the Dimensional obsessive-compulsive symptoms scale (DOCS). Results: In 34% of all patients, we found clinically expressed obsessive-compulsive symptoms. In 40% of the patients with resistance, we found clinically expressed obsessive-compulsive symptoms, which are within the range of moderately expressed. In 30% of the patients in clinical remission, we found obsessive-compulsive symptoms, but mildly expressed. We found a statistically significant relationship between the severity of OCS and the disorganized symptoms and the duration of the schizophrenia process. No differences were found in the expression of OCS in patients of both sexes. Conclusion: We registered both an increased frequency and an increased expression of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with resistant schizophrenia. These symptoms were positively associated with disorganized symptoms and duration of schizophrenia. No relationship was established with the positive, negative symptoms, as well as with the gender distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
26. Participant Engagement and Symptom Improvement: Aripiprazole Tablets with Sensor for the Treatment of Schizophrenia
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Cochran JM, Fang H, Le Gallo C, Peters-Strickland T, Lindenmayer JP, and Reuteman-Fowler JC
- Subjects
digital medicine ,medication ingestion ,treatment utilization ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Jeffrey M Cochran,1 Hui Fang,2 Christophe Le Gallo,3 Timothy Peters-Strickland,4 Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer,5 J Corey Reuteman-Fowler6 1Medical & Real World Data Analytics, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA; 2Biostatistics, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA; 3Clinical Programming, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA; 4PPD, Inc., Wilmington, NC, USA; 5Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; 6Global Clinical Development, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USACorrespondence: Jeffrey M Cochran, Medical & Real World Data Analytics, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., 508 Carnegie Center, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA, Tel +1 609 535 9035, Email Jeffrey.Cochran@otsuka-us.comPurpose: A recent, phase 3b, mirror-image clinical trial of outpatients with schizophrenia found that use of aripiprazole tablets with sensor (AS; Abilify MyCite®, comprising an ingestible event-marker sensor embedded in aripiprazole tablets, wearable sensor patches, and a smartphone application) reduced the incidence of psychiatric hospitalizations relative to oral standard-of-care antipsychotics. This analysis explored the relationship between AS engagement by participants and changes in participant performance and symptom-severity measures assessed by clinical raters.Participants and Methods: This post hoc analysis used prospectively collected clinical data from a phase 3b clinical trial (NCT03892889). Outpatients had schizophrenia, were aged 18– 65 years, and had ≥ 1 psychiatric hospitalization in the previous 48 months. Participants were grouped by study completion status and a k-means clustering algorithm based on AS utilization, resulting in 3 groups: discontinued (discontinued AS before month 3 of the study); moderate engagement (completed 3 months, used AS intermittently); and high engagement (completed 3 months, used AS regularly). Baseline to end-of-study differences for the Clinical Global Impression Scale (Severity of Illness and Improvement of Illness scales), Personal and Social Performance Scale, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were calculated.Results: A total of 277 outpatients were enrolled (discontinued, n = 164; moderate engagement, n = 63; high engagement, n = 50). All groups experienced symptom improvement from baseline to end-of-study, with significant changes in the more-engaged groups. Highly engaged participants showed significant improvement for all clinical scores and subscores (all P < 0.05) and demonstrated significantly more improvement in symptoms than participants with less engagement.Conclusion: Participants who completed 3 months of the study and had higher AS engagement experienced significantly greater improvement in their end-of-study clinical assessments versus participants who did not complete 3 months. Improvement may be related to more-consistent medication intake and better engagement with a digital health system.Keywords: digital medicine, medication ingestion, treatment utilization, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
- Published
- 2022
27. Do symptoms moderate the association between participation and executive functions outcomes among people with schizophrenia?
- Author
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Kaizerman-Dinerman, Alona, Roe, David, Demeter, Naor, and Josman, Naomi
- Subjects
EXECUTIVE function ,PEOPLE with schizophrenia ,PARTICIPATION ,SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Background: Literature explains participation limitations among people with schizophrenia through the context of metacognitive limitations, specifically in symptoms and in executive functions (EF). Research has shown mixed results regarding associations between symptoms and participation, reporting association with negative symptoms, positive symptoms, or only metacognitive limitations. The aim of this study was to deepen understanding of the symptoms' impact on the association between participation and executive function among people with schizophrenia. Methods: Forty-three participants with schizophrenia received 8 group sessions of focused metacognitive intervention (MCG) aimed at promoting participation by focusing on EF components (e.g., analyzing individual cognitive strategy use). Three measures were administered: the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to evaluate symptoms, the Weekly Calendar Planning Assessment (WCPA) to assess EF, and the Activity Card Sort (ACS) to measure participation at the baseline and 12 weeks following completion of the intervention. Scores were compared to a matched control group of 41 people with schizophrenia who instead received treatment as usual. The role of PANSS as moderator was examined using multiple hierarchical regressions, entering interactions between the PANSS scores and WCPA change scores in the final regression step. Results: Relationships were not significant for participants with high PANSS scores. A positive relationship existed between change in WCPA and change in ACS for participants with low PANSS scores. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that low PANSS scores moderate the association between EF and participation and highlight the importance of symptoms as a predictor of participation following the MCG intervention. Trial registration: The trial was retrospectively registered at clinical.trial.gov. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05556941. Clinicaltrial.gov registration date: 27/09/2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Recognition of facial emotion expressions and perceptual processes in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
- Author
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Buzzanca, Antonino, Accinni, Tommaso, Frascarelli, Marianna, Troisi, Eloisa, Kotzalidis, Georgios D., Di Bonaventura, Carlo, Fanella, Martina, Putotto, Carolina, Marino, Bruno, Pasquini, Massimo, Biondi, Massimo, and Di Fabio, Fabio
- Subjects
- *
DIGEORGE syndrome , *FACIAL expression & emotions (Psychology) , *EMOTION recognition , *FACIAL expression , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *SOCIAL perception - Abstract
Background: Social cognition (SC) deficits and of its facial emotion expression (FEE) component have been described in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS), a high‐risk for schizophrenia (SCZ) systemic genetic syndrome. Correlations between deficits in FEE skills and visual‐spatial abilities in people with 22q11.2DS warrant investigation. Methods: The sample consisted of 37 patients with 22q11.2DS (DEL), 19 with 22q11.2DS and psychosis (DEL‐SCZ), 23 with idiopathic SCZ, and 48 healthy controls. We assessed FEE through The Ekman 60 Faces test (EK‐F60), visual‐spatial skills with Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices, and symptom severity with the positive And negative syndrome scale. Statistics were conducted through multivariate analysis of variance and correlation analysis. Results: Patients with 22q11.2DS performed worse that the other groups in recognizing Surprise, Disgust, Rage, Fear, and Neutral expressions on the EK‐F60. Recognition of Surprise and Disgust correlated positively with visual‐spatial abilities in patients with 22q11.2DS; negative and cognitive symptoms correlated negatively with recognition of Sadness, Surprise, and Disgust. Conclusions: Patients with 22q11.2DS show impairments of both peripheral and central steps of the emotional recognition process, leading to SC deficits. The latter are present regardless of the presence of a full‐blown psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
29. Assessment Of Caregivers' burden Of Patients With Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder.
- Author
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Deshmukh, Ajay, Kshirsagar, Sharad, and Murthy, Vasantmeghna
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PEOPLE with schizophrenia ,BIPOLAR disorder ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,HOSPITAL care ,SOCIAL support - Abstract
Background: Caregivers also need the social support to prevent their exhaustion in caring and maintaining their own mental health. The present study was conducted to assess burden felt by the caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Materials & Methods: 74 patients of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder of both genders were assessed with Burden Assessment Schedule (BAS) scale and Psychopathology in schizophrenia patients was measured using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results: Out of 58 patients, males were 38 and females were 20. The mean duration of illness was 7.2 years and 8.9 years, duration of treatment was 5.4 years and 6 years and mean number of hospitalizations was 0.72 and 0.90 in group I and II respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). The mean score of BAS in group I and group II for spouse related was 4.1 and 5.7, physical and mental health was 12.5 and 12.3, external support was 8.3 and 8.2, caregiver routine was 8.7 and 7.5, patient support was 4.6 and 5.2, taking responsibility was 9.4 and 8.6, other relation was 6.7 and 5.3, patient behaviour was 9.0 and 8.6 and caregiver strategy was 8.4 and 7.2 respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The extent of burden among families of schizophrenic patients is more than those of bipolar disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
30. Optical coherence tomography in Egyptian schizophrenics and its correlation to disease parameters
- Author
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Dalia H Khalil, Kyrollos Aziz, Mohamed Khalil, and Aref Khowyled
- Subjects
optical coherence tomography ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,schizophrenia ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Background Schizophrenia is associated with visual perception and early processing deficits. Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters can be biomarkers of neural pathology and disease progression by detecting neurodegenerative changes. Purpose The aim of this study was to detect neurodegenerative changes in schizophrenic patients by OCT and to correlate them to the severity and duration of schizophrenia. Patients and methods This is a comparative case–control study that included 60 participants: 30 male schizophrenics compared with 30 age-matched and sex-matched healthy persons. Both groups were subjected to ophthalmic examination, including visual assessment, anterior-segment examination using slit lamp, and posterior-segment examination by indirect ophthalmoscopy. Schizophrenic patients were subjected to psychometric evaluation using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Then, OCT imaging was done for all participants. Results The schizophrenic group showed thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) compared with the controls. The difference was statistically significant regarding the average, superior, and nasal quadrants (P=0.002, P
- Published
- 2022
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31. Dissociation between neuroanatomical and symptomatic subtypes in schizophrenia
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Chao Chai, Hao Ding, Xiaotong Du, Yingying Xie, Weiqi Man, Yu Zhang, Yi Ji, Meng Liang, Bin Zhang, Yuping Ning, Chuanjun Zhuo, Chunshui Yu, and Wen Qin
- Subjects
gray matter volume ,heterogeneity ,magnetic resonance imaging ,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ,schizophrenia ,subtypes ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Schizophrenia is a complex and heterogeneous syndrome with high clinical and biological stratification. Identifying distinctive subtypes can improve diagnostic accuracy and help precise therapy. A key challenge for schizophrenia subtyping is understanding the subtype-specific biological underpinnings of clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to investigate if the machine learning (ML)-based neuroanatomical and symptomatic subtypes of schizophrenia are associated. Methods A total of 314 schizophrenia patients and 257 healthy controls from four sites were recruited. Gray matter volume (GMV) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores were employed to recognize schizophrenia neuroanatomical and symptomatic subtypes using K-means and hierarchical methods, respectively. Results Patients with ML-based neuroanatomical subtype-1 had focally increased GMV, and subtype-2 had widespread reduced GMV than the healthy controls based on either K-means or Hierarchical methods. In contrast, patients with symptomatic subtype-1 had severe PANSS scores than subtype-2. No differences in PANSS scores were shown between the two neuroanatomical subtypes; similarly, no GMV differences were found between the two symptomatic subtypes. Cohen’s Kappa test further demonstrated an apparent dissociation between the ML-based neuroanatomical and symptomatic subtypes (P > 0.05). The dissociation patterns were validated in four independent sites with diverse disease progressions (chronic vs. first episodes) and ancestors (Chinese vs. Western). Conclusions These findings revealed a replicable dissociation between ML-based neuroanatomical and symptomatic subtypes of schizophrenia, which provides a new viewpoint toward understanding the heterogeneity of schizophrenia.
- Published
- 2023
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32. Positive symptoms associate with cortical thinning in the superior temporal gyrus via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium
- Author
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Walton, E, Hibar, DP, Erp, TGM, Potkin, SG, Roiz‐Santiañez, R, Crespo‐Facorro, B, Suarez‐Pinilla, P, Van Haren, NEM, Zwarte, SMC, Kahn, RS, Cahn, W, Doan, NT, Jørgensen, KN, Gurholt, TP, Agartz, I, Andreassen, OA, Westlye, LT, Melle, I, Berg, AO, Mørch‐Johnsen, L, Færden, A, Flyckt, L, Fatouros‐Bergman, H, Consortium, Karolinska Schizophrenia Project, Jönsson, EG, Hashimoto, R, Yamamori, H, Fukunaga, M, Preda, A, De Rossi, P, Piras, F, Banaj, N, Ciullo, V, Spalletta, G, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Wolf, DH, Satterthwaite, TD, Beard, LM, Sommer, IE, Koops, S, Gruber, O, Richter, A, Krämer, B, Kelly, S, Donohoe, G, McDonald, C, Cannon, DM, Corvin, A, Gill, M, Di Giorgio, A, Bertolino, A, Lawrie, S, Nickson, T, Whalley, HC, Neilson, E, Calhoun, VD, Thompson, PM, Turner, JA, and Ehrlich, S
- Subjects
Schizophrenia ,Mental Health ,Brain Disorders ,Mental health ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adult ,Brain Mapping ,Female ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Male ,Prospective Studies ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Schizophrenic Psychology ,Temporal Lobe ,schizophrenia ,positive symptoms ,superior temporal gyrus ,cortical thickness ,ENIGMA ,FreeSurfer ,MRI ,scale for the assessment of positive symptoms ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,Karolinska Schizophrenia Project Consortium ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Psychiatry - Abstract
ObjectiveBased on the role of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) in auditory processing, language comprehension and self-monitoring, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between STG cortical thickness and positive symptom severity in schizophrenia.MethodThis prospective meta-analysis includes data from 1987 individuals with schizophrenia collected at seventeen centres around the world that contribute to the ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group. STG thickness measures were extracted from T1-weighted brain scans using FreeSurfer. The study performed a meta-analysis of effect sizes across sites generated by a model predicting left or right STG thickness with a positive symptom severity score (harmonized SAPS or PANSS-positive scores), while controlling for age, sex and site. Secondary models investigated relationships between antipsychotic medication, duration of illness, overall illness severity, handedness and STG thickness.ResultsPositive symptom severity was negatively related to STG thickness in both hemispheres (left: βstd = -0.052; P = 0.021; right: βstd = -0.073; P = 0.001) when statistically controlling for age, sex and site. This effect remained stable in models including duration of illness, antipsychotic medication or handedness.ConclusionOur findings further underline the important role of the STG in hallmark symptoms in schizophrenia. These findings can assist in advancing insight into symptom-relevant pathophysiological mechanisms in schizophrenia.
- Published
- 2017
33. Longitudinal invariance of the positive and negative syndrome scale negative dimension in antipsychotic naïve first‐episode schizophrenia.
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Kagan, Simão, Cogo‐Moreira, Hugo, Barbosa, Matheus Ghossain, Cavalcante, Daniel, Shinji, André, Noto, Mariane, Haguiara, Bernardo, Cordeiro, Quirino, Belangeiro, Sintia, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Noto, Cristiano, and Gadelha, Ary
- Subjects
- *
SCHIZOPHRENIA , *SYNDROMES , *SYMPTOMS , *INFERENCE (Logic) - Abstract
Aim: Construct stability over time is required for reliable inference, but evidence regarding the longitudinal invariance of negative symptoms is still limited. Thus, we examined the longitudinal invariance of the negative dimension using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) in an antipsychotic‐naïve first‐episode schizophrenia sample at baseline and after 10 weeks. Methods: Our study was conducted at a specialized early intervention service. PANSS ratings were analysed for 138 patients, and two different models were specified and tested: a unidimensional and a two‐correlated factor solution. Results: The unidimensional model fulfilled criteria for longitudinal invariance, whilst the two‐correlated did not. Conclusion: Our study provides support for the PANSS negative unidimensional model use to evaluate negative symptoms' longitudinal change following first‐episode schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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34. Role of Cariprazine in First Episode Psychosis.
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Rohatgi, Rupali and Avinash, Priyaranjan
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PSYCHOSES , *FOREIGN investments , *SCHIZOPHRENIA , *MENTAL depression - Abstract
A newer atypical antipsychotic molecule, cariprazine has been approved by Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar depression. The use of atypical antipsychotics has been the primary mode of intervention in the management of psychotic disorder in adolescents, adults, and geriatric population. For a better outcome in prognosis, this newer drug has now been playing an important role for the treatment of first episode psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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35. Cognitive deficits in familial schizophrenia
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Aneek Saha, Ekram Goel, Madhura Samudra, Suprakash Chaudhury, and Daniel Saldanha
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cognitive deficits ,familial schizophrenia ,pgi battery of brain dysfunction ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,verbal memory ,visual memory ,working memory ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 ,Industrial psychology ,HF5548.7-5548.85 - Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia and has been observed in subjects with and without a family history of schizophrenia. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of research directly contrasting cognitive profiles in schizophrenia patients and normal people where family history is present and those where the family history is absent. Aim: This stydy aimed to compare cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia who had a family history with those that did not and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: Fifty consecutive schizophrenia patients were assessed on admission and follow-up after 6 months of treatment using a specially prepared pro forma, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and the PGI Battery of brain dysfunction is the name give to the test. An equal number of age- and sex-matched normal control subjects were also assessed. Results: Visual memory scores in this study show improvement between baseline and follow-up in schizophrenia patients with/without a family history. Both verbal learning and memory increase between baseline and follow-up but do not reach control levels. Reasoning and problem-solving deficits follow a similar pattern and are causative in the inability to adapt to a changing world. Speed of processing shows improvement with treatment. Working memory deficits in patients improve with treatment. Conclusions: In this study, all six cognitive domain scores in schizophrenia improved after 6 months of treatment but did not reach the control population level. Individuals with the highest cognitive deficits in the scales were the ones who had a family history of schizophrenia.
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- 2021
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36. Lurasidone switching in patients with schizophrenia who showed suboptimal effect and/or intolerability to current antipsychotics: A multi-center, open-label, single-arm, flexible dose study
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Shih- Ku Lin, Chin- Bin Yeh, and Katsuhiko Hagi
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adverse events ,nonresponse ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,psychosis ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Objective: In this study, we intended to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of switching to lurasidone in patients with schizophrenia and to get clinical experiences of real-world practice in those who showed suboptimal therapeutic effect and/or intolerability to lurasidone in Taiwan. Methods: We enrolled adult patients (aged 20–75 years) with schizophrenia who had been receiving antipsychotic medications but still continued to show mild-to-moderate symptoms or intolerability, for switching switch to an open-label lurasidone 40–160 mg daily for six weeks. The primary end point of the study was to assess the time to treatment failure, defined as any occurrence of insufficient clinical response, worsen underlying symptoms, or discontinuation due to adverse events. Secondary efficacy measures of the study included decreased scores in the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) total and the clinical global impression-severity scale.(CGI-S), as well as increased clinical global impression-improvement scale (CGI-I). Safety measures included occurrences of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), abnormal vital signs, Electrocardiogram (ECG), and laboratory parameters. Results: We enrolled 54 patients with 51 completing the study. One patient terminated early due to adverse events and two patients had insufficient therapeutic efficacy. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) time to treatment failure was 27.7 ± 13.1 days. Mean ± SD changes from baseline to six weeks on PANSS, CGI-S, and were −16.8 ± 14.4, −0.6 ± 0.59, and −1.1 ± 1.0, respectively . The most common TEAE was hyperprolactinemia. Furthermore, body weight was significantly decreased from baseline to the end of the study by 0.83 ± 1.96 kg (p < 0.01). Mean ± SD blood prolactin level also was significantly decreased from baseline to week 6 (48.7 ± 52.8 ng/dL vs. 23.9 ± 57.8 ng/dL, p < 0.001). Conclusion: After switching from another antipsychotic, patients with schizophrenia treated with lurasidone showed a low rate of treatment failure among patients in Taiwan. The safety profile is similar to that in previous published lurasidone studies.
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- 2021
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37. Psychosocial functioning as a personal resource promoting a milder course of schizophrenia.
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Neumann, Eva, Rixe, Jacqueline, Haussleiter, Ida S., Macdonald, Lina, Rabeneck, Eva, Bender, Stefan, Möller, Julia, Schormann, Michael, Wrona, Elisa, Köhne, Martin, Driessen, Martin, and Juckel, Georg
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- *
PSYCHOSOCIAL functioning , *CONTROL (Psychology) , *SCHIZOPHRENIA , *PSYCHIATRIC hospitals , *PSYCHIATRIC diagnosis - Abstract
Schizophrenia has been shown repeatedly to be associated with a low level of psychosocial functioning. It is assumable that psychosocial functioning is related not only to current, but also to future symptom severity. To test this assumption, a follow-up study with two measurement time points with an interval of 18 months was conducted. In total, 154 inpatients from five psychiatric hospitals with a diagnosis of a schizophrenic disorder took part at both visits. Psychosocial functioning was measured with the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP scale) at baseline, and schizophrenic symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline and at follow-up. Two PSP subscales, i.e. socially useful activities and control over disturbing and aggressive behavior, turned out to be significant predictors of symptom severity 18 months later. The findings reveal that personal resources in the occupational domain and in adequate interpersonal behavior can have a positive impact on the long-term course of schizophrenia. • Psychosocial functioning is related to the long-term course of schizophrenia. • Useful activities and behavioral control turned out to be of special importance. • Patients with schizophrenia can benefit from therapeutic support in these two domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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38. Schizophrenia and toxoplasmosis: association with catatonic symptoms
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Dmitry V. Romanov, Aleksey Iu. Brazhnikov, Denis S. Andreyuk, N. V. Zakharova, L. V. Bravve, Vasilisa A. Kovaleva, Evgeniya V. Abbazova, Dmitriy B. Goncharov, Irina V. Titova, Elvira A. Domonova, and G. P. Kostyuk
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schizophrenia ,toxoplasmosis ,t.gondii ,catatonia ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,panss ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Introduction. The association between schizophrenia and toxoplasmosis has been demonstrated in a numberof studies: the prevalence of schizophrenia is significantly higher in toxoplasmosis positive subjects than in those withT.gondii negative status. However, the clinical significance of this association remains poorly understood. Objectives. To identify clinical phenomena that are typical for toxoplasmosis-associated (T.gondii seropositive)schizophrenia compared to Toxoplasma-seronegative schizophrenia. Methods. A retrospective database analysis of serum samples from 105 inpatients with schizophrenia (ICD-10code: F20; including 55 male patients; mean age of 27.4 6.4 years) was carried out. The clinical examinationinvolved a structured interview including ICD-10 and E. Bleulers criteria for schizophrenia and psychometric tests(Positive and Negative Scales of PANSS). Serum antibodies (IgG) to T.gondii were identified using ELISA. Thestatistical significance of any differences were evaluated using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney (U) and 2 tests. Results. The proportion of seropositive patients in the sample was 16.2%. Comparing schizophrenia patients, whowere seropositive or seronegative for toxoplasmosis, there were no statistically significant differences for the meantotal PANSS score, mean PANSS-P, PANSS-N or PANSS-G scores. For the majority of PANSS items, differences werealso statistically insignificant, except for G5 and G6mannerism and posturing. Seropositive patients had a higherscore for this item than seronegative patients: 3.5 versus 2.1 points (U=389.5; р=0.001). Depression, on the contrary,was less pronounced in seropositive than seronegative patients: 1.4 versus 2.4 points (U=509.5; р=0.023). In addition,in seropositive patients, the frequency of symptoms such as mutism according to ICD-10 criteria for schizophreniawas significantly higher (23.5% versus 3.4%, 2=9.27, р=0.013), and the whole group of catatonic symptoms accordingto the E. Bleulers criteria for schizophrenia was higher (52.9% versus 28.4%, 2=3.916, p = 0.048). Conclusion. The association between a positive toxoplasmosis status in patients with schizophrenia and catatonicsymptoms has been revealed for the first time and should be verified in larger studies.
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- 2020
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39. Resting-state electroencephalogram in drug-free subjects with at-risk mental states who later developed psychosis: a low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analysis.
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Higuchi Y, Odagiri S, Tateno T, Suzuki M, and Takahashi T
- Abstract
Background and Objectives: Several studies have reported on the resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) power in patients with schizophrenia, with a decrease in α (especially α2) and an increase in δ and β1 power compared with healthy control; however, reports on at-risk mental states (ARMS) are few. In this study, we measured the resting-state EEG power in ARMS, and investigated its features and the relationship between the power of the frequency bands and their diagnostic outcomes., Methods: Patients with ARMS who were not on any psychotropic medication and met the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State criteria were included. Patients who developed psychotic disorders were labeled as the ARMS-P group, while patients with ARMS who were followed up prospectively for more than 2 years and did not develop psychotic disorders were classified as the ARMS-NP group. EEGs were measured in the resting state, and frequencies were analyzed using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA). Seven bands (δ, θ, α1, α2, β1-3) underwent analysis. The sLORETA values (current source density [CSD]) were compared between the ARMS-P and ARMS-NP groups. Clinical symptoms were assessed at the time of EEG measurements using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)., Results: Of the 39 patients included (25 males, 14 females, 18.8 ± 4.5 years old), eight developed psychotic disorders (ARMS-P). The ARMS-P group exhibited significantly higher CSD in the β1 power within areas of the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG) compared with the ARMS-NP group (best match: X = -35, Y = 25, Z = 50 [MNI coordinates], Area 8, CSD = 2.33, p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the β1/α ratio of the CSD at left MFG and the Somatic concern score measured by the PANSS., Discussion: Increased β1 power was observed in the resting EEG before the onset of psychosis and correlated with a symptom. This suggests that resting EEG power may be a useful marker for predicting future conversion to psychosis and clinical symptoms in patients with ARMS., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Higuchi, Odagiri, Tateno, Suzuki and Takahashi.)
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- 2024
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40. Disentangling the symptoms of schizophrenia: Network analysis in acute phase patients and in patients with predominant negative symptoms
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Koen Demyttenaere, Nicolas Leenaerts, Károly Acsai, Barbara Sebe, István Laszlovszky, Ágota Barabássy, Laura Fonticoli, Balázs Szatmári, Willie Earley, György Németh, and Christoph U. Correll
- Subjects
Cariprazine ,negative symptoms ,network analysis ,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ,symptom factors ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is widely used in schizophrenia and has been divided into distinct factors (5-factor models) and subfactors. Network analyses are newer in psychiatry and can help to better understand the relationships and interactions between the symptoms of a psychiatric disorder. The aim of this study was threefold: (a) to evaluate connections between schizophrenia symptoms in two populations of patients (patients in the acutely exacerbated phase of schizophrenia and patients with predominant negative symptoms [PNS]), (b) to test whether network analyses support the Mohr 5 factor model of the PANSS and the Kahn 2 factor model of negative symptoms, and finally (c) to identify the most central symptoms in the two populations. Methods Using pooled baseline data from four cariprazine clinical trials in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia (n = 2193) and the cariprazine–risperidone study in patients with PNS (n = 460), separate network analyses were performed. Network structures were estimated for all 30 items of the PANSS. Results While negative symptoms in patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia are correlated with other PANSS symptoms, these negative symptoms are not correlated with other PANSS symptoms in patients with PNS. The Mohr factors were partially reflected in the network analyses. The two most central symptoms (largest node strength) were delusions and uncooperativeness in acute phase patients and hostility and delusions in patients with PNS. Conclusions This network analysis suggests that symptoms of schizophrenia are differently structured in acute and PNS patients. While in the former, negative symptoms are mainly secondary, in patients with PNS, they are mainly primary. Further, primary negative symptoms are better conceptualized as distinct negative symptom dimensions of the PANSS.
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- 2022
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41. Sustained symptomatic remission in schizophrenia: Course and predictors from a two-year prospective study.
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Carpiniello, Bernardo, Pinna, Federica, Manchia, Mirko, Tusconi, Massimo, Cavallaro, Roberto, and Bosia, Marta
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SCHIZOAFFECTIVE disorders , *LONGITUDINAL method , *SCHIZOPHRENIA , *PEOPLE with schizophrenia , *REGRESSION analysis , *DIAGNOSIS of schizophrenia , *RESEARCH , *PSYCHOSES , *PSYCHOLOGY , *EVALUATION research , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *COMPARATIVE studies , *ANTIPSYCHOTIC agents , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,DRUG therapy for schizophrenia - Abstract
Background: Although remission is a priority target in psychosis, reported rates show a marked variation across studies and instability over time. Such variability, partly due to methodology, emphasizes the need to define the optimal assessment procedure, as well as to identify reliable predictors. This study aims to: 1. longitudinally compare remission status according to different criteria; 2. identify predictors of duration and stability.Methods: 112 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder underwent comprehensive clinical evaluations, with 24-month follow-up. Remission was assessed using three criteria: Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group (RSWG) vs Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive and negative scales (PANSS-PN) vs total score (PANSS-T). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used for longitudinal comparison, regression models to identify predictors of duration and stability.Results: At enrolment 50% of patients were in remission according to RSWG, while only 23.2% reached the other criteria. PANSS-T cumulative remission rates showed the greatest stability. Stable remission according to RSWG criteria was predicted by negative symptoms, while no significant predictors emerged for PANSS-T. Remission duration was predicted by negative, positive and cognitive symptoms and treatment dosage for RSWG criteria, while for PANSS-T the predictors were cognitive symptoms and duration of illness.Conclusion: Results are in line with previous literature on remission rates and further support the role of basal clinical predictors. In addition, this study shows that more stringent criteria are more stable over time, suggesting their predictive value and the relevance of their use to optimize evaluations also in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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42. Disentangling the symptoms of schizophrenia: Network analysis in acute phase patients and in patients with predominant negative symptoms.
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Demyttenaere, Koen, Leenaerts, Nicolas, Acsai, Károly, Sebe, Barbara, Laszlovszky, István, Barabássy, Ágota, Fonticoli, Laura, Szatmári, Balázs, Earley, Willie, Németh, György, and Correll, Christoph U.
- Subjects
SCHIZOPHRENIA ,SYMPTOMS ,DISEASE exacerbation ,MENTAL illness ,PEOPLE with schizophrenia - Abstract
Background. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is widely used in schizophrenia and has been divided into distinct factors (5-factor models) and subfactors. Network analyses are newer in psychiatry and can help to better understand the relationships and interactions between the symptoms of a psychiatric disorder. The aim of this study was threefold: (a) to evaluate connections between schizophrenia symptoms in two populations of patients (patients in the acutely exacerbated phase of schizophrenia and patients with predominant negative symptoms [PNS]), (b) to test whether network analyses support the Mohr 5 factor model of the PANSS and the Kahn 2 factor model of negative symptoms, and finally (c) to identify the most central symptoms in the two populations. Methods. Using pooled baseline data from four cariprazine clinical trials in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia (n = 2193) and the cariprazine–risperidone study in patients with PNS (n = 460), separate network analyses were performed. Network structures were estimated for all 30 items of the PANSS. Results. While negative symptoms in patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia are correlated with other PANSS symptoms, these negative symptoms are not correlated with other PANSS symptoms in patients with PNS. The Mohr factors were partially reflected in the network analyses. The two most central symptoms (largest node strength) were delusions and unco-operativeness in acute phase patients and hostility and delusions in patients with PNS. Conclusions. This network analysis suggests that symptoms of schizophrenia are differently structured in acute and PNS patients. While in the former, negative symptoms are mainly secondary, in patients with PNS, they are mainly primary. Further, primary negative symptoms are better conceptualized as distinct negative symptom dimensions of the PANSS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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43. 精神分裂症患者临床特征及相关影响因素.
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霍洪林, 刘肇瑞, 黄悦勤, 李国华, 魏景明, 任启静, 付国兰, 张鑫, 宋燕飞, 马超, 张婷婷, 何燕玲, 周亮, 孙洪军, and 傲日其楞
- Abstract
Objective: To explore clinical characteristics of patients with schizophrenia and related socio-demographic factors. Methods: Totally 814 patients with schizophrenia from Chifeng Anding Hospital, Tongliao Mental Health Center and XilinGol League Mental Health Center were recruited. All of the patients were diagnosed by trained psychiatrists using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview(MINI), Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity(CRDPSS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS). Analysis of relationship between schizophrenia and related factors was performed using univariate and multivariate analysis including ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression. Results: The total scores of CRDPSS and PANSS in patients with schizophrenia were varied in clinical characteristics. The total score of CRDPSS was the highest(11. 66±3. 53) in patients with persistent deterioration, while the total score of PANSS was the highest(60. 44±18. 96) in patients with chronic residual symptoms. Analysis of multivariate linear regression showed that the older the age, the higher the scores of negative symptom and depression; male had high score of PANSS; separation had high score of depression; unemployment had high scores of cognitive impairment and total score of CRDPSS; the more the family members, the lower the score of cognitive impairment and the higher the psychopathology score; the larger the waist-to-hip ratio, the lower the scores of hallucination and psychopathology; the greater the BMI, the lower the total score of CRDPSS and negative symptom; smoking had high of total score of PANSS and psychopathology score; the more the smoking years, the higher the score of cognitive impairment; the more the average daily amount of smoking, the higher the scores of hallucination and positive symptom; the older the onset age, the lower the depression score; subacute onset had high total CRDPSS score and hallucinations scores and low depression scores; chronic onset had low scores of depression and positive symptom. Conclusion: It suggests that patients with schizophrenia with persistent deterioration has the highest eight-dimensional symptom severity, and symptoms of chronic residual schizophrenia are abundant and severe. Male, being older, separation, unemployment, smoking and early onset are the risk factors of symptom severity in schizophrenics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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44. Systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune features in chronic hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.
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Chen, Yi-Ming, Chen, Hsing-Kang, Wu, Bo-Jian, Chen, I-Chieh, Chen, Jun-Peng, Lin, Ching-Heng, and Hsiao, Tzu-Hung
- Subjects
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SYSTEMIC lupus erythematosus , *PEOPLE with schizophrenia , *SCHIZOPHRENIA , *SALIVATION , *HOSPITAL patients , *GENETIC variation , *AUTOANTIBODIES , *RESEARCH , *SEQUENCE analysis , *CROSS-sectional method , *RESEARCH methodology , *EVALUATION research , *COMPARATIVE studies , *LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Objectives: Recent studies highlighted the link of schizophrenia risk with genetic variations in complement, which share the same pathogenesis with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the coexistence of SLE and schizophrenia were rarely reported. We aimed to explore the autoantibody profiles, complement levels and prevalence of SLE in chronic schizophrenia patients.Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit 481 long-term hospitalized schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients in Yuli hospital, Taiwan. Severity of schizophrenia was assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Immunologic tests of autoantibodies and complement levels were measured. Genome-wide association analysis was conducted to compare genetic variants between schizophrenia with SLE and non-SLE schizophrenia.Results: In total, 47 (9.8%) and 31 (6.4%) participants had positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, respectively. After rheumatologic exams, 30 (6.2%) patients were diagnosed schizophrenia with SLE, while 32 (6.7%) subjects were classified as schizophrenia with autoimmune features. Schizophrenia patients with SLE had more arthritis, serositis, homogenous ANA pattern, conceptual disorganization in PANSS and increased salivation due to psychotropics compared with their counterparts. ANA titers and complement levels were significantly correlated with PANSS scores and side effect of psychotropics. No significant genetic variation between schizophrenia with SLE and non-SLE schizophrenia were identified.Conclusion: SLE may coexist in chronic hospitalized schizophrenia. Complement levels could be a potential biomarker in schizophrenia patients. Considering the possible reversibility of psychotic features and adverse effects of antipsychotics, SLE with psychosis should be identified in patients with chronic hospitalized schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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45. Decreased serum S100A10 levels in patients with both schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome
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Chin- Chuen Lin, Meng- Chang Tsai, and Tiao- Lai Huang
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brain-derived neurotrophic factor ,energy metabolism ,p11 ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome. S100A10 is associated with the antidepressant effect of BDNF, and decreased S100A10 mRNA has also been found in schizophrenia. S100A10 also interacts with serotonin and annexin A2, both are associated with obesity. In this study, we intended to investigate the serum BDNF and S100A10 levels in patients with schizophrenia with and without metabolic syndrome. Methods: We recruited patients with schizophrenia, collected their demographic data, and measured their metabolic profiles, serum BDNF, and S100A10 levels. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Metabolic syndrome was determined using the criteria provided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Taiwan. Results: In this study, 38.7% of 93 participants had metabolic syndrome. No statistical significance was found in serum BDNF levels between patients with and without metabolic syndrome. Patients with metabolic syndrome had significantly lower S100A10 levels compared to those without (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Decreased serum S100A10 levels were found in patients with schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome compared to schizophrenic patients without. Those data suggested that serum S100A10 level could play a rôle in metabolic syndrome among patients with schizophrenia.
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- 2020
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46. Vitamin D supplementation compared to placebo in people with First Episode psychosis - Neuroprotection Design (DFEND): a protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial
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Fiona Gaughran, Dominic Stringer, Michael Berk, Shubulade Smith, David Taylor, Eromona Whiskey, Sabine Landau, Robin Murray, Philip McGuire, Poonam Gardner-Sood, Gabriella Wojewodka, Simone Ciufolini, Harriet Jordan, Jessie Clarke, Lauren Allen, Amir Krivoy, Brendon Stubbs, Philippa Lowe, Maurice Arbuthnott, Shanaya Rathod, Andrew Boardman, Mudasir Firdosi, and John J. McGrath
- Subjects
Psychosis ,First episode ,Vitamin D ,25OHD ,Randomised controlled trial ,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background People experiencing their first episode of psychosis are often deficient in vitamin D. Observational studies have reported an association between low vitamin D concentrations and poorer subsequent health outcomes in psychosis. A vitamin D deficiency in neonates and children has been linked to a later increased risk of schizophrenia and psychotic-like experiences. This trial aims to examine the effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on outcomes in early psychosis. We hypothesise that vitamin D supplementation will be associated with better mental health outcomes. Methods/design The DFEND study is a multicentre double-blind placebo-controlled parallel-group trial of vitamin D supplementation in people with early psychosis. Patients with an ICD-10 diagnosis of functional psychosis will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive either 120,000 IU/month of vitamin D (cholecalciferol) or a matched placebo for 6 months. The primary outcome is the total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score at the 6-month follow-up for all patients. Secondary outcomes include assessment of mood (Calgary Depression Scale), general function (Global Assessment of Functioning), cardiovascular risk (body mass index, waist circumference, C-reactive protein, cholesterol and HbA1c) and vitamin D levels at the 6-month follow-up. Additionally, 3- and 6-month total PANSS scores will be analysed for those with inadequate vitamin D levels at the baseline. Discussion The DFEND study is the first trial to examine whether vitamin D supplementation in early psychosis is associated with better mental health outcomes. The findings of this study may help to resolve the clinical equipoise regarding the benefits and cost-effectiveness of routine vitamin D supplementation in people with psychosis. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN12424842. Registered on 25 February 2015.
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- 2020
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47. Effect of Memantine on Positive Sign in Patients with Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorders: A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial
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Hamide Abbaspour kasgari, Maria Tavakoli Ardakani, and Abdollah Farhadinasab
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positive signs ,memantine ,schizophrenia ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,antipsychotic agents ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background and purpose: Memantine is a medication used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease. Memantine targeting the glutamatergic system specifically N-Methyl-D-Aspartate offer a novel approach in treatment of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of memantine in combination with antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Materials and methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed in patients aged 18-65 years old with confirmed diagnosis of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Those who were pregnant, allergic to memantine, and not willing to participate in the study were excluded. Participants were assigned to receive either memantine (5-20 mg/day) (n= 29) or placebo (n= 29), in addition to antipsychotic for 90 days. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was completed at baseline and day 30 and 90. Results: The study showed no significant difference in reduction of PANSS scores for positive sign between the treatment group (6.32±7.17) and controls (4.17±6.25) (P=0.07). Conclusion: Memantine was found to have no effect on positive sign of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. (Clinical Trials Registry Number: IRCT: 201310083210N5)
- Published
- 2019
48. Association Between Abundance of Haemophilus in the Gut Microbiota and Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
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Cuizhen Zhu, Mingming Zheng, Usman Ali, Qingrong Xia, Zhongxian Wang, Chenlong, Lihui Yao, Yuanyuan Chen, Junwei Yan, Keming Wang, Jinghong Chen, and Xulai Zhang
- Subjects
schizophrenia ,gut microbiota ,16Sr RNA sequencing ,negative symptom ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates an interaction between dysbiosis of the microbiota and the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. However, limited information is available on the specific microbial communities associated with symptoms of schizophrenia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gut microbiota dysbiosis and its relationship with psychopathologies in schizophrenia. We recruited 126 participants and divided them into three groups according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, criteria—acute group (patients with acute schizophrenia), remission group (patients with schizophrenia in remission), and control group (healthy controls). Psychotic symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Microbiota compositions, diversity and community structure were evaluated using 16S rRNA sequencing. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to evaluate the association between bacterial taxa and psychotic symptoms. The beta-diversity of microbiota composition in the acute group was distinct from that in the remission and control groups (PC1 = 21.11% vs. PC2 = 12.86%, P = 0.021). Furthermore, Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that abundance of Haemophilus was positively correlated with negative psychiatric symptoms (r = 0.303, P = 0.021), while abundance of Coprococcus was negatively correlated with negative psychiatric symptoms (r = −0.285, P = 0.025). Moreover, abundance of Haemophilus was positively correlated with cognition (r = 0.428, P = 0.009), excitement (r = 0.266, P = 0.037), and depression (r = 0.295, P = 0.020). The study findings suggest that alterations in certain gut microbiota may interfere with psychological symptoms in schizophrenia. Our results provide evidence that may help in the development of therapeutic strategies using microbial-based targets. The data that support the findings of this study have been deposited in the NCBI (https://submit.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) with accession number SUB9453991.
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- 2021
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49. Reduced Cell-Free Mitochondrial DNA Levels Were Induced by Antipsychotics Treatment in First-Episode Patients With Schizophrenia
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Houxian Ouyang, Minfang Huang, Yongming Xu, Qin Yao, Xiangping Wu, and Dongsheng Zhou
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first-episode schizophrenia ,cell-free mitochondrial DNA ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,clinical progression ,antipsychotics ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) is a damage-associated molecular pattern that boosts the release of cytokines and induces the immune response of the body; therefore, it is closely related to mental diseases. This study aims to evaluate a potential link between cf-mtDNA and clinical progression in first-episode patients with schizophrenia. In this study, plasma cf-mtDNA levels in 34 first-episode patients with schizophrenia before and after 8 weeks of antipsychotic treatment were examined. In addition, the clinical progression of first-episode schizophrenia was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The copy number changes in the plasma cf-mtDNA (Δcf-mtDNA) were significantly correlated with changes in the PANSS scale scores (ΔPANSS) in first-episode patients with schizophrenia (ΔPANSS total score, P = 0.002; ΔPANSS positive score, P = 0.01). Plasma cf-mtDNA may represent a relevant tool in the future to assist in the assessment of clinical progression in first-episode patients with schizophrenia.
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- 2021
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50. Assessment of the Minimum Clinically Important Difference in Symptoms and Functions of Patients With Acute Schizophrenia: A Post hoc Analysis of an Open-Label, Single-Arm Multicenter Study
- Author
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Tianmei Si, Chuan Shi, Ling Sun, Yilong Zhang, and Lili Zhang
- Subjects
schizophrenia ,minimum clinically important difference ,positive and negative syndrome scale ,personal and social performance ,clinical global impression-severity scale ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) concept to clinical results in Chinese patients with acutely exacerbated schizophrenia. The original study was an 8-week, open-label, single-arm, multicenter study of flexible doses of paliperidone-extended release (pali-ER) in Chinese patients with acutely exacerbated schizophrenia. This is a post hoc analysis to determine the MCID value of PANSS, PSP and evaluate the responsiveness of each outcome measurements in the acute phase of schizophrenia. The responsiveness of the four measurements (PANSS, PANSS reduction rate, PSP, CGI-S) was analyzed. Four hundred ninety nine patients completed the 8-week follow-up and were finally used for this post hoc analysis. The MCID calculated by different approaches varied from 14.02 to 31.50 for PANSS, 15.14 to 42.79% for PANSS reduction rate, and 7.62 to 13.13% for PSP. In addition, the improvement of the CGI-S owned the highest responsiveness of the four outcome measurements. The threshold value of MCID for schizophrenia patients was determined by choice of the assessment method to an extent. In addition, the CGI-S score appeared to be the most valid and responsive measure of effectiveness for the acute phase of schizophrenia when take the treatment satisfaction of patients as anchor.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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