1. Crystallization and second harmonic generation in potassium–sodium niobiosilicate glasses
- Author
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Antonio Aronne, Esther Fanelli, Pasquale Pernice, Simone Peli, Gabriele Ferrini, Claudio Giannetti, Aronne, Antonio, Fanelli, Esther, Pernice, Pasquale, S., Peli, C., Giannetti, and G., Ferrini
- Subjects
Materials science ,potassium-sodium niobiosilicate glasses ,Sodium oxide ,NONISOTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION ,Mineralogy ,Type (model theory) ,Settore FIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIA ,Potassium oxide ,law.invention ,Niobiosilicate glasse ,Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Crystallization ,Settore CHIM/02 - CHIMICA FISICA ,OPTICAL NONLINEARITY ,second harmonic generation ,NIOBIUM SILICATE-GLASSES ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Optical propertie ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Crystallography ,Devitrification ,chemistry ,Content (measure theory) ,PHASE-TRANSITION ,Ceramics and Composites ,Glass transition ,Tungsten-bronze ,Low sodium - Abstract
Transparent glasses having molar composition (23-x)K{sub 2}O.xNa{sub 2}O.27Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5}.50SiO{sub 2} (x=0, 5, 10, 15 and 23) have been synthesized by the melt-quenching technique and their devitrification behaviour has been investigated by DTA and XRD. Depending on the composition, the glasses showed a glass transition temperature in the range 660-680 deg. C and devitrified in several steps. XRD measurements showed that the replacement of K{sub 2}O by Na{sub 2}O strongly affects the crystallization behaviour. Particularly, in the glasses with only potassium or low sodium content the first devitrification step is related to the crystallization of an unidentified phase, while in the glass containing only sodium, NaNbO{sub 3} crystallizes. For an intermediate sodium content (x=10 and 15) a potassium sodium niobate crystalline phase, belonging to the tungsten-bronze family, is formed by bulk nucleation. This system looks promising to produce active nanostructured glasses as the tungsten-bronze type crystals have ferroelectric, electro-optical and non-linear optical properties. Preliminary measurements evidenced SHG activity in the crystallized glasses containing this phase. - Graphical abstract: Synthesis of glasses (23-x)K{sub 2}O.xNa{sub 2}O.27Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5}.50SiO{sub 2} (x=0, 5, 10, 15 and 23) from which SHG active phases crystallize by bulk nucleation for non-linear optical nanostructured glasses.
- Published
- 2009
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