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This article presents the development, implementation and results of the project “An interdisciplinary approach to the treatment of overweight children” under the name “My Challenge” camp. It is a 2-week multidisciplinary programme involving a physician, a dietitian, a psychologist, an occupational therapist or physiotherapist and a kinesiologist. The children stay in camp for 2 weeks and are actively involved in the daily preparation of healthy meals, participate in cooking workshops and interactive nutrition lessons, and are active outdoors throughout the programme.

Copyright of Challenges of the Future / Izzivi Prihodnosti is the property of Fakulteta za Organizacijske Studije v Novem mestu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Biologica Slovenica is the property of Drustvo Biologov Slovenije and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Slovenica is the property of Biotechnical Faculty of the University of Ljubljana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revija Šport is the property of Sport: Revija Za Teoreticna in Praticna Vprasanja Sporta and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Parodontalna bolezen je kronična vnetna bolezen, ki prizadene podporna tkiva zob in lahko vodi do izgube zob, če ni ustrezno zdravljena. Glavni vzrok za nastanek parodontalne bolezni je neravnovesje v ustnem mikrobiomu, kompleksni skupnosti mikroorganizmov, ki naseljujejo ustno votlino. Porušenje tega ravnovesja lahko povzroči razraščanje patogenih bakterij, ki sprožijo vnetni odziv dlesni. Prehrana ima pomemben vpliv tudi na sestavo in raznolikost ustnega mikrobioma, ter lahko tako bistveno vpliva na zdravje dlesni in splošno ustno zdravje. Vključitev protivnetnih hranil, kot so omega-3 maščobne kisline, antioksidanti, vitamin D, polifenoli ter zmanjšanje vnosa sladkorjev lahko pomaga pri obvladovanju in preprečevanju parodontalne bolezni. Terapevtska uporaba probiotikov, kot so bifidobakterije in laktobacili, predstavlja nov koncept v zobozdravstvu. Raziskave kažejo, da lahko redna uporaba probiotičnih dopolnil ali živil, bogatih s probiotiki, kot so jogurti in fermentirana hrana, podpira vzdrževanje uravnoteženega ustnega mikrobioma. Probiotiki pri parodontalni bolezni delujejo tako, da zavirajo rast patogenih bakterij, zmanjšujejo vnetne odzive v ustni votlini ter spodbujajo imunski sistem za boljšo obrambo pred okužbami. Poleg tega spodbujajo proliferacijo fibroblastov in tako podpirajo celjenje tkiv. Nadzor prehrane ter vnos vitaminskih dodatkov in probiotikov, lahko skupaj z dobro ustno higieno in rednimi obiski zobozdravnika znatno izboljša stanje dlesni in prepreči napredovanje parodontalne bolezni.

Endometrioza je kronična vnetna bolezen, ki prizadene 6–10 % žensk v rodnem obdobju. Njeni simptomi vplivajo tako na fizično kot tudi psihično in socialno življenje in so eden od glavnih vzrokov za odsotnost žensk z dela in od pouka. Uspešnost medikamentnega in kirurškega zdravljenja endometrioze je omejena, zato bolnice iščejo dodatne možnosti za lajšanje simptomov, ki med drugim pogosto vključujejo prilagoditev prehrane. Danes lahko prosto dostopno na spletu najdemo številne diete za bolnice z endometriozo, ki pa so jih pogosto zasnovale bolnice same in ne temeljijo na znanstvenih dokazih. Prehrana pri endometriozi je tako vse pogostejši predmet raziskovanja. Številne raziskave nakazujejo pozitiven vpliv določenih hranil na pojavnost in simptome, povezane z endometriozo. Da bi dobili boljši vpogled v vlogo prehrane pri endometriozi, smo pregledali literaturo, ki opisuje vpliv hranil ali prehrane na pojavnost endometrioze in na simptome, povezane z njo.

Introduction: Nutrition is of great importance in the treatment of malignant diseases because the nutritional status affects the outcome of the disease itself, the tolerance of chemotherapy and the overall survival and quality of life. This is especially important in childhood when, in addition to the treatment of the underlying disease, it is necessary to ensure the normal growth and development of the child. Objective: The aim of this paper was, based on a review of the literature, to point out the importance and show the basics of nutritional assessment and monitoring, as well as nutritional interventions in children suffering from malignant diseases. Methods: The available scientific and professional literature (PubMed) for the last 10 years was searched, and the following keywords were used: nutrition, malignant disease, diet, nutritional assessment, and nutritional intervention. All received abstracts were screened and selected were publications that included above keywords as a main topic. Results: Based on the reviewed literature, presented are the basics of nutritional assessment and when to perform it, risks for nutritional disorders and available nutritional interventions. Conclusion: In pediatric oncology patients, it is important to carry out a nutritional assessment not only at the time of diagnosis, but also during the further course of treatment and follow-up of the patient, to determine individual nutritional interventions that will prevent or treat an already occurring nutritional disorder, and to ensure the growth of the child in accordance with the genetic potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Izobraževalna pot študentov medicine je dolgotrajna in zahtevna. Usklajevanje študijskih obveznosti, obštudijskih dejavnosti in skrbi za zdravje je lahko za mlade velik izziv, za katerega so posamezniki različno dobro opremljeni. Naš narativni pregledni članek povzema doslej znane raziskave o vplivu študija medicine na dejavnike življenjskega sloga in determinante zdravja ter s tem na telesno in duševno zdravje posameznika. Raziskave glede vpliva teh dejavnikov smo pridobili prek iskalnih nizov s ključnimi besedami. Ugotovili smo, da nekakovostna, nezadostna in neredna prehrana v kombinaciji s pomanjkanjem telesne dejavnosti in sedečim slogom življenja vpliva na neželene spremembe telesne sestave ter poveča tveganje za razvoj presnovnih motenj ter akutnih in kroničnih zdravstvenih težav. Zdravstvene težave dodatno poglablja tudi pomanjkanje spanja in kronični stres zaradi zahtev študija, kar lahko vodi tudi v razvoj duševnih motenj. Vse to ne prispeva le k zmanjšanju študijskega uspeha študentov, temveč tudi do zdravstvenih težav številnih mladih, ki se že na začetku svoje zahtevne kariere soočajo z njimi. V Sloveniji zaenkrat nimamo sistematičnih raziskav, ki bi omogočale oceno vpliva dejavnikov življenjskega sloga in kroničnega stresa na zdravje slovenskih študentov medicine.

Copyright of Lijecnicki Vjesnik is the property of Croatian Medical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Contemporary History / Časopis za Suvremenu Povijest is the property of Croatia Institute for History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Contributions to Contemporary History / Prispevki za Novejšo Zgodovino is the property of Prispevki za Novejso Zgodovino and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rehabilitation / Rehabilitacija is the property of University Rehabilitation Institute, Republic of Slovenia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Materino mleko je najbolj primerna hrana za novorojenčka, ki otroku omogoča ustrezno rast in razvoj. Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija in Sklad Združenih narodov za otroke (Unicef) priporočata prvi podoj v prvi uri življenja, nato izključno dojenje do dopolnjenega 6. meseca starosti in nadaljevanje dojenja vsaj do dopolnjenega drugega leta starosti in za tem do tedaj, ko to želita doječa mati in otrok. Materino mleko se v prvih mesecih otrokovega življenja neprestano spreminja in pokrije vse njegove prehranske potrebe. Poleg življenjskega sloga matere na sestavo mleka vplivata tudi njena prehrana in prehransko stanje, zato je priporočljivo, da doječa mati med dojenjem dosledno upošteva načela pestre in uravnotežene prehrane.

Copyright of Lijecnicki Vjesnik is the property of Croatian Medical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SKEI - International Interdisciplinary Journal / Medunarodni Interdisciplinarni Casopis is the property of University Vitez, Bosnia & Herzegovina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The feeding habits of the stargazer Uranoscopus scaber Linnaeus, 1758 were analysed using 360 stomachs of specimens collected in southern Adriatic Sea between October 2011 and September 2012. The total body length of the specimens ranged from 9.7 to 32.1 cm (18.89 ± 3.34 cm) and weight from 11.7 to 618.7 g (112.79 ± 63.17 g). In the sampled population there were 213 females (59.17%) and 147 males (40.83%). Stargazer is carnivorous fish and its diet in Adriatic Sea was composed of teleost fish, cephalopods and crustaceans. According to numerical abundance fish predominated followed by crustaceans, while according to the gravimetric composition fish predominated followed by cephalopods. Teleost fish were dominant prey in all seasons, and the principal prey were hake Merluccius merluccius and argentine Argentina sphyraena. Argentine was primary food in summer (IRI = 61.63), while hake occur in other seasons. In relation to the total body length teleost fish dominated in diet of stargazer whose total body length was < 25 cm. In size group I and II (TL < 20 cm) A. sphyraena was the main food, while M. merluccius was dominant prey in the size group III (TL = 20 – 25 cm). Vacuity index in the sampled population was relatively low (%V = 11.11%). During seasons the percentage of empty stomachs varied significantly with the highest value in winter (%V = 15.55%) and the lowest in spring (%V = 7.78%). In relation to the total body length the highest vacuity index was recorded for size group II (%V = 5.83) and the lowest for group VI (%V = 0). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

V zadnjih letih narašča prevalenca načinov prehranjevanja, pri katerih oseba iz svoje prehrane izključuje določena hranila; najpogosteje gre za oblike vegetarijanstva in veganstva, ki v različni meri omejujejo uživanje mesa, jajc in mlečnih izdelkov. Izključujoči načini prehranjevanja ob neupoštevanju navodil o potrebnih prehranskih dopolnilih lahko privedejo do zaostajanja v rasti in razvoju in do nepopravljivih telesnih okvar, zato zdravstvena stroka v Sloveniji takšne načine prehranjevanja odsvetuje zlasti pri nosečnicah, novorojenčkih in dojenčkih. Nekatere pogosto citirane raziskave in smernice navajajo, da so alternativni načini prehranjevanja ustrezni v vseh obdobjih življenjskega cikla, kar je verjetno prispevalo k popularizaciji tovrstnih načinov prehranjevanja tudi pri nas. Presečne raziskave pri vegetarijancih ugotavljajo nižjo incidenco ishemične bolezni srca in rakavih bolezni ter ugodnejšo sestavo črevesnega mikrobioma, vendar so našteti učinki lahko posledica zdravega življenjskega sloga in nižje telesne mase pri vegetarijancih in veganih, ne pa neposredno izključevanja mesa iz prehrane. Po drugi strani lahko vsi omejevalni načini prehranjevanja privedejo do pomanjkanja hranil, zlasti vitamina B12, železa, kalcija, pa tudi beljakovin, maščobnih kislin ω-3, cinka in vitamina D. Pomanjkanje makro- in mikrohranil je nevarno predvsem v zgodnjih obdobjih življenjskega cikla, saj lahko povzroči hud zaostanek v rasti in razvoju, v najhujših primerih pa celo smrt. Zdravstveni zapleti pri odraslih vključujejo osteopenijo in osteoporozo, anemijo, kognitivni upad in »paradoksno« povečanje tveganja za srčno-žilne bolezni. Tveganje za neustrezno prehranjenost ob vegetarijanski ali veganski prehrani je večje pri športnikih, starostnikih in kroničnih bolnikih. Pravilno vodena vegetarijanska in veganska prehrana je ob strokovno načtovani in nadzorovani prehranski strategiji lahko ustrezna za zdrave odrasle ljudi. V skladu z znanimi podatki o hranilih, potrebnih za normalno rast in razvoj, in zaradi hudih posledic ob morebitnem pomanjkanju teh hranil slovenska pediatrična stroka odsvetuje izključujoče načine prehranjevanja pri nosečnicah, doječih materah, novorojenčkih, dojenčkih, otrocih in mladostnikih. Ob vegetarijanskem ali veganskem načinu prehranjevanja v teh obdobjih je priporočljivo spremljanje kliničnega dietetika, izbranega pediatra ali osebnega zdravnika.

In the treatment of nutrition-related diseases and conditions, an interdisciplinary approach involving collaboration between physicians and nutritionists is essential. This holistic approach enables comprehensive patient care, considering their nutritional needs and goals. The aim of this work was to assess general knowledge about nutrition among specialists in gastroenterology, endocrinology, occupational medicine, general practice and nutritionists. Data were collected using a modified questionnaire “General Nutrition Questionnaire”, which was designed to cover different aspects of nutritional knowledge. The results showed significant differences in responses between specialties, with endocrinologists achieving the best results (71.5 ± 3.54). Nutritionists (71.31 ± 3.59) showed generally better results compared to physicians (63.23 ± 6.23) which indicates their focus in the field of nutritional care. These results emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and the establishment of collaboration between physicians and nutritionists to ensure optimal nutritional care for patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lifestyle medicine developed as a response to the global burden and consequences of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which dominate epidemiological trends in mortality, morbidity, and disability worldwide during the last couple of decades. Lifestyle medicine includes six pillars, the use of whole food, plant-predominant dietary pattern, regular physical activity, restorative sleep, stress management, avoidance of risky substances, and positive social connection, as evidence-based and primary therapy modalities aiming for treatment and reversal of chronic diseases. Interest in lifestyle medicine is increasing globally, and it was even further advanced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, professional interest in lifestyle medicine is fueled by the extended learning opportunities based on the findings of recent studies demonstrating the reversible nature of NCDs, especially for diabetes type 2 and obesity. These results request a thorough contemplation of our current understanding of the “uncurable” nature of diabetes type 2, but also for other chronic non-communicable diseases, and demand a paradigm shift in medical practice and education. This requires education of medical students and doctors, adaptation of reimbursement and health insurance policies, and forming multidisciplinary teams that will be able to deliver lifestyle intervention procedure to all who need it. The future of healthcare and NCDs management is the long-term self-care by patients, assisted by physicians and other professionals, such as nurses, nutritionists, physical therapists or kinesiologists, psychologists, health educators, pharmacists, and social workers, as indicated. The ultimate goal has to be reaching the best possible health in individuals and communities. The time for action is yesterday. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food in Health & Disease / Hrana u Zdravlju i Bolesti is the property of University of Tuzla, Faculty of Pharmacy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science of Gymnastics Journal is the property of Science of Gymnastics Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The upsurge in male infertility over the last two decades, possibly due to environmental exposure, has raised significant interest, particularly boosted by reports from fertility clinics, which showed that chronic diseases and hereditary or other medical conditions might only partially explain current incidence of male infertility. Both environmental and occupational settings may have a significant role in exposure to complex mixtures of endocrine disruptors (ED), which play a major role in fertility disorders. The aim of this review is to give an insight into the current knowledge on exposure settings which may be associated with male infertility. Our study relied on a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between January 2000 and September 2020. It showed that some well documented factors associated with male infertility include smoking, and physiological disturbances or chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, which in turn, may also reflect lifestyle choices and environmental exposures, especially to EDs such as phthalates, bisphenols, pesticides, and flame retardants. However, the number of studies on the aetiology of male infertility is still too low in comparison with the size of affected population. Occupational health follow-ups and medical surveillance do not collect any data on male infertility, even though ED chemicals are part of many technological processes.

Captive chelonians should be fed a natural diet to achieve a growth rate similar to that of free-ranging animals. A wide range of commercially formulated foods dedicated to chelonians is available. Feeding commercial foods has the advantage of convenience. On the other hand, species-specific information on the nutritional requirements of chelonians is not available yet. The aim of this study was to analyse and evaluate commercial pellets and feeds for chelonians. Commercial pellets (ntortoise = 7, nturtle = 7, from 6 companies) dedicated to carnivorous aquatic turtles and herbivorous terrestrial tortoises, and other aquatic turtle feeds (lyophilised beef heart, dried aquatic invertebrates, and whole frozen fish) were bought in pet shops. Whole frozen fish served as a reference feed for carnivorous aquatic turtles. The chemical composition as well as calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) contents were determined. Single-sample t-test was used with the label information as null hypothesis and the results of own parallel analyses for crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fibre (CF), Ca and P. The labelling of some of the pellets was deficient as nutritive values, Ca or P data were missing (tortoise pellets: 4 out of 7; turtle pellets: 5 out of 7). The label data differed significantly (p<0.05) from the results of our own analysis for 13 out of the 14 pellets. None of the tortoise pellets met the requirements of the animals completely. Because of the inadequate Ca:P ratio only one turtle pellet could be accepted. Accordingly, none of the commercial pellets can be recommended as main or only feed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historical Journal / Historijski Zbornik is the property of Drustvo za Hrvatsku Povjesnicu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revija Šport is the property of Sport: Revija Za Teoreticna in Praticna Vprasanja Sporta and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Chronic kidney disease represents a major health issue. The incidence is 12,1 per million children worldwide. The most frequent causes in the pediatric population are: CAKUT (obstructive uropathy, reflux nephropathy). If the diagnosis is made early, adequate treatment and therapy could prolongate the need for renal replacement therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uvod: Sočasna podvrženost več dejavnikom tveganja v povezavi z nezdravim življenjskim slogom vodi v nastanek kroničnih nenalezljivih bolezni in je v Sloveniji najbolj razširjena med mladimi odraslimi (25–34 let). Zdravstveni coaching je pristop zdravstvene vzgoje, ki bi bil lahko uporaben za zmanjševanje pojavnosti multiplih dejavnikov tveganja v povezavi z nezdravim življenjskim slogom med mladimi. Namen raziskave je bil pregledati in analizirati literaturo o uporabi zdravstvenega coachinga za zdrav življenjski slog mladih. Metode: Izveden je bil pregled znanstvene literature v podatkovnih bazah PubMed in PubMed Central. Upoštevana so bila priporočila PRISMA. Identificirane zadetke smo uvrstili v nivo hierarhije dokazov in ocenili kakovost s pomočjo orodja za ocenjevanje kakovosti raziskav z mešano metodološko zasnovo. Rezultati: Izmed 777 identificiranih zadetkov je bilo v končno analizo vključenih sedem izvirnih znanstvenih člankov. Zdravstveni coaching je pri obravnavi multiplih dejavnikov tveganja v povezavi z nezdravim življenjskim slogom najpogosteje uporabljen za hkratno promocijo zdrave prehrane in telesne dejavnosti. Uporaba pristopa pri mlajših od 35 let pogosto vključuje rabo sodobne informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije. Diskusija in zaključek: Zdravstveni coaching lahko pomembno vpliva na odpravo in preprečevanje multiplih dejavnikov tveganja v povezavi z nezdravim življenjskim slogom med mladimi. Implementacija pristopa mora temeljiti na premišljeni zasnovi in neprekinjeni evalvaciji uspešnosti in učinkovitosti.

Copyright of Zbornik Odsjeka za Povijesne Znanosti. Zavoda za Povijesne i Društvene Znanosti is the property of Hrvatska Akademija Znanosti i Umjetnosti, Zavod za Povijesne i Drustvene Znanosti and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historical Searches / Historijska Traganja is the property of Institute for History, University of Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The stomach contents of 104 individuals of Torquigener flavimaculosus from Cyprus were examined. The analysis revealed that it is an omnivorous species with a preference to animal prey, especially invertebrates with limited mobility (crustaceans, molluscs, echinoderms). The study of the length-weight relationship indicated a negative allometric growth for both sexes. It seems that its preference to consume invertebrates, its high toxicity due to high concentrations of tetrodotoxin in its tissues and some other biological characteristic reinforce its characterisation as invasive and monitoring actions should be designed for such species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Croatian Nursing Journal is the property of University of Applied Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: To evaluate students’ dietary vitamin D intake according to characteristics and habits concerning daily sunlight exposure. Methods: The study included 403 students of the University of Rijeka, Croatia that fulfilled questionnaire about their characteristics, habits, physical activity, supplement use, diet, and their daily sunlight exposure. For assessing diet quality, the Dietary inflammatory index (DII®) was used. Results: Average dietary vitamin D intake was 2.76 μg/day, statistically highest among men (p<0.01), medical sciences universities’ students (p<0.01), students with obesity (p=0.03), highly physically active (p=0.02) and smokers (p=0.01). Major dietary vitamin D sources were fish (42%, p<0.01) and meat and meat products (31%). Students that more frequently expose themselves to the sunlight were mostly men, overweight, moderately physically active, dietary supplements users, and had a diet with more anti-inflammatory potential, higher dietary vitamin D intake and its major dietary sources. Those who rarely and never used a sunscreen had a more anti-inflammatory diet and higher vitamin D and its major food sources intakes. Diet with more pro-inflammatory potential had students that rarely or never directly expose themselves to the sunlight, likewise the students that frequently used sunscreen. Those subgroups also had the lowest dietary vitamin D intake. Conclusions: The average dietary vitamin D intake by investigated university students satisfied only the fifth of the recommended daily vitamin D intake. Students with habits that can influence the lower synthesis of vitamin D may increase the risk of diseases related to bone health, immunity and inflammation in their future life. Provided results about students’ habits of their exposure to the sunlight might be useful for public health messages toward sufficient sunlight exposure, diet quality with more anti-inflammatory potential, vitamin D supplements use, and vitamin D deficiency prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CEPS Journal is the property of University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archives of Industrial Hygiene & Toxicology / Arhiv za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Zloćudne bolesti značajan su javno zdravstveni problem. Zahvaljujući mogućnostima ranog otkrivanja zloćudnih bolesti preživljenje je, u odnosu na 70-e godine prošlog stoljeća, poraslo za 20% pa se zloćudne bolesti danas smatraju kroničnim bolestima. Hrana koju konzumiramo može smanjiti mogućnost za razvoj bolesti, a kod već oboljelih može znatno utjecati na kvalitetu života i tijek bolesti. Maligne bolesti koje se javljaju u dječjoj dobi predstavljaju medicinski i psihosocijalni problem za dijete, obitelj i zajednicu i drugi su uzrok smrtnosti iza nesreća u djece. Kod velikog broja onkoloških bolesnika nailazimo na značajan gubitak tjelesne mase, masnog tkiva te proteina, uz naglašenu upalnu aktivnost. Tijekom liječenja i oporavka iznimno je važna pravilna prehrana prilagođena stanju organizma, fazi liječenja te odgovoru na terapiju. Pravilna prehrana ne zahtijeva nužno drastične promjene, nego individualnu prilagodbu trenutnom stanju i potrebama djeteta. U uznapredovalom stadiju maligna bolest dovodi do smanjenja tjelesne težine, malnutricije, malresorpcije i kaheksije. Uzroci gubitka tjelesne težine mogu biti posljedica kemoterapije i radioterapije, zatim ubrzani metabolizam uslijed infekcija, kalorijska potrošnja tumora ili kirurški stres. Djetetove nutritivne potrebe mogu se nadoknaditi enteralnim ili parenteralnim putem, ovisno o stanju djeteta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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UVOD: Glede na trenutne trende lahko pričakujemo, da naj bi eden od dveh fantov in ena od treh deklet današnjih najstnikov do 75. leta starosti zboleli za rakom. Po podatkih državnega programa za obvladovanje raka, bi lahko kar 40 % rakov preprečili z zdravim načinom življenja in izogibanjem dejavnikom tveganja, zato bi morali najstniki dobro poznati dejavnike tveganja, da bi v prihodnosti zmanjšali pojavnost te bolezni. NAMEN: Glavni namen naše raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kako dobro najstniki poznajo dejavnike tveganja nastanka raka ter preveriti, ali obstaja razlika v znanju med spoloma ter med različno starimi najstniki. METODE DELA: V raziskavo smo vključili 185 najstnikov, starih med dvanajst in petnajst let (54 % fantov, 46 % deklic), ki so izpolnili mednarodni vprašalnik o poznavanju dejavnikov tveganja nastanka raka. Vprašalnike smo nato prenesli v elektronsko obliko s pomočjo spletnega orodja 1KA, ki nam je omogočil pripravo in tudi delno obdelavo rezultatov. REZULTATI: 58 % učencev skrbi, da bodo zboleli za rakom, pri tem pa med spoloma obstaja bistvena razlika, saj to skrb izraža 74 % deklet in le 44% fantov. Med najpomembnejšimi dejavniki tveganja slovenski najstniki na prvem mestu navajajo kajenje (55 %), na drugem alkohol (24 %), na tretjem sevanje (14 %) in na četrtem nezdravo prehrano (14 %). Med učenci se jih 83 % strinja, da nekatera živila povečajo možnost nastanka raka. Pri vprašanju o številu potrebnih dnevnih porcij sadja in zelenjave je povprečen odgovor 3,5 porcij od priporočenih 5. Večina učencev (69 %) meni, da je rdeče meso dejavnik tveganja za nastanek raka, samo polovica pa ve, da je treba dnevno zaužiti manj kot 5 g soli. Da je vzdrževanje zdrave telesne mase eden najpomembnejših načinov preprečitve raka se strinja 81 % učencev, 85 % pa jih meni, da je telesna dejavnost povezana s preprečevanjem nastanka raka. 87% učencev dobro pozna nevarnost sončenja, prav tako pa dobro opredeljujejo alkohol kot dejavnik tveganja, čeprav jih 74 % ni prepričanih ali imajo vse alkoholne pijače enak učinek. ZAKLJUČKI: V raziskavi smo ugotovili, da najstniki dobro poznajo dejavnike tveganja za nastanek raka, saj so med najpogostejšimi desetimi dejavniki pravilno opredelili 6,7 dejavnikov, kar je več kot npr. v Veliki Britaniji, kjer so najstniki pravilno opredelili samo 4,4 dejavnikov. Pokazali smo, da med spoloma obstaja razlika v poznavanju dejavnikov pri oceni nevarnosti kajenja in vpliva telesne mase. Izkazalo se je, da med različno starimi otroci ni bistvenih razlik v poznavanju dejavnikov tveganja nastanka raka.

Finds of freshwater and terrestrial malacofauna at archaeological sites can provide valuable information on the paleoenvironment, nutrition and use of mollusks as raw materials for the manufacture of objects for various purposes. The paper presents the results of archeomalacological analysis of freshwater shellfish of the genus Unio found in prehistoric strata at the site Ilok – Dvor knezova Iločkih in eastern Croatia. The analysis included 35 shell fragments originating from ten stratigraphic units. According to morphology, the species Unio crassus, Unio pictorum and Unio tumidus were determined. One specimen has a perforation on the umbo, which may indicate the use of the object as a pendant. Taphonomic changes in shellfish indicate extraction of raw meat, while a modest set of findings suggests sporadic use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breastfeeding is a natural way of feeding a newborn as it provides all the essential nutrients necessary for appropriate growth and development. Also, it is a delicate period when the emotional and physical connection between mother and child is created, providing the child with a sense of security, relaxation, and tenderness. Under that, the devotion of institutions and various associations to raise social and health awareness and promote the importance of breastfeeding is constantly increasing. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of an infant’s life, which provides the child many short- and long-term benefits. When talking about benefits, the emphasis is put primarily on the wellbeing of the child, while the focus on the needs of a nursing mother should be of equal importance. The period of lactation and breastfeeding demands the mother’s greater energy intake than the period of the last three-semester of pregnancy to meet all micro- and macronutrient needs of mother and child. The volume and the composition of milk, respectively the quality of infant’s nutrition, partially depends on the quality of the mother’s nutrition, and partially on the mother’s physical supplies from which nutrients are being compensated in the case of a dietary deficit. To avoid the negative effects of lactation and breastfeeding on the nutritional and health status of the mother in upcoming periods of life, it is crucial to give special attention to various, balanced, and energy-satisfying nutrition. Although the primary goal is to achieve the recommended intake of all essential nutrients by food intake, in cases of unbalanced nutrition, health limitations, or practicing restrictive diets, the use of dietary supplementation is needed. Because of the biological needs and fortified deficits, in dietary supplements for pregnant women could often be found iron, calcium, zinc, iodine, folate, and vitamins B12, C and D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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