Search

Military actions on the territory of Ukraine cause a negative impact on the quality of water resources due to the ingress of contaminated effluents into underground horizons due to the destruction and/or damage of treatment facilities. This work deals with the definition of theoretical approaches to the quantitative assessment of pollution entering surface water resources through underground feeding due to damage to protective screens in ponds, storage tanks of various types and tailings storage facilities. The spread of contamination in case of screen damage was noted in three stages: wetting of the aeration zone from the damaged lining to the surface of the underground flow; non-stationary rise in the groundwater level with the formation of a water dome; became filtering in the direction of discharge of underground flow. The problem of the loss of piezometric head during the passage of the filtration flow through the screen structure and the determination of the flow of polluted water from the specified structure based on this value are considered. An analytical solution to the problem of wetting the aeration zone from the damaged lining to the surface of the pressureless underground flow is given. Taking into account the increase in the permeability coefficient of the screen due to damage, increased cracking, gusts, it was established that if its value is greater than or equal to 1.0*10-2m/day, the effect of screen protection can be ignored, and the filtration costs can be calculated according to the well-known infiltration formulas from unlined sewage treatment plant. The proposed approaches at different stages of filtration losses from the sewage treatment plant may in the future form the basis of the development of methods for calculating the migration of pollutants, taking into account the various sources of their entry into the groundwater, depending on the degree of damage to the shielded sewage treatment facilities.

The prediction of consequences for the environment from the implementation of projects on the development of tourist complexes within the Carpathian region in Ukraine and also the ecoresource provision of designing large hotel and tourist complexes is extremely relevant and needs a scientific and methodological basis. The main purpose of the research is to consider the feasibility of the designed activity in terms of eco-resource supply of a large project (over 10 thousand vacationers) of the hotel and tourist complex with water supply and sewerage subject to compliance with the requirements environmental safety with the use of authors’ scientific and methodological approaches to assessing the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the natural and technogenic safety of the hydroecosystem of the Chorna Tysa River. The research results are presented from in terms of the priority of environmental factors in relation to the economic and social factors. The authors’ calculations of the main quantitative characteristics of the natural and technogenic safety of the monitoring sites of surface hydroecosystems of the Carpathian region of the studied territory are presented in the paper. The authors have proposed the scientific approaches to defining the part of hydroresources which can be used by the designed tourist complex upon the condition of preserving the environmental safety and at the minimum technogenic risk. The component of the quantitative potential of hydroecosystems of the study area, which can be used for water supply, is theoretically determined; the maximum possible value of wastewater discharge, as a reserve for self-purification, and accumulation in catchment basins is calculated for the potential value. The authors have analyzed the obtained research data on the average, maximum and minimum concentrations of chemicals in the Black Tysa River 1.0 km upstream the urban-type settlement of Yasinia and the average, maximum and minimum concentrations of chemicals in the Black Tysa River 1.5 km downstream the urban-type settlement of Yasinia for the period 2014-2019, obtained by the Transcarpathian Hydrometeorological Center in a certified laboratory. The location of treatment facilities of the designed tourist complex is proposed

The purpose of the research is to summarise quantitative characteristics and to analyse the spatial distribution of artificial water bodies as anthropogenic fragmentation elements of medium and small rivers within the Dnipropetrovsk Region, Ukraine. The paper uses current data pertaining to existing reservoirs and mineralisation of water in rivers. Comparison included quantitative characteristics, water surface area, and the volume water in ponds and reservoirs. It has been established that although the total ratio was 97% for ponds to 3% for reservoirs, whereas their water surface area 48%, and the volume of water stored only 23% of the total resources. The paper shows the inexpediency and low efficiency of using ponds as water reservoirs feeding small rivers. Increasing the number of ponds in the river basin has a negative impact on the quality of water resources, in particular, by increasing water mineralisation - total dissolved solids (TDS). Depending on the river, the following indicator of river basin fragmentation has been determined: 6-20 reservoirs per 100 km2 of the river catchment area, and on average 18-36 ponds and reservoirs are built for every 100 km of the river in relation to the length of the hydrographic network. It has shown the regularity of growing water mineralisation due to the fragmentation of rivers by a large number of artificial reservoirs. A strong correlation between regulation and fragmentation of river basins has been established (coefficient of determination R2 ranges from 0.72 to 0.91). It proves the possibility to estimate the degree of change (increase) of water mineralisation based on the water flow coefficient Kw and the river fragmentation coefficient Ks fr in the Dnipropetrovsk Region. The paper offers ways of further research for planning and implementation of a water management strategy concerning ecologically safe levels of water use in small and medium-sized river basins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iran is among the most water-stressed countries worldwide. For this, the management of available waterresources is a central point to consider in water engineering. A portion of the surface and underground water is contaminated with heavy metals, and thereby their quality is diminished. Soil and groundwater are also contaminated with heavy metals and sulfate. To avoid contamination of drinking water aquifers in the far future, there is a need for an efficient control system. In this work, groundwater data were analyzed to design the GCS system, and geological profiles of the site were used to model the existing geohydrological state. Several water extraction well combinations were inferred from the model. The model was then promoted by introducing supplementary field data. The calculated results of the GCS items were ultimately compared with the system objectives and led to the choice of a basis for the research design. Approximately, 6,000 m3 of groundwater should be extracted daily from a combination of 17 shallow and deep wells. This work examines the quality of water resources in Garmsar plain (Semnan, Iran). The data were gathered by field surveys from wells and soil of the region and modeling was carried out in GMS. A solution was then proposed to improve the current status of quality and the results were compared with the current circumstance. From the results, the concentration of heavy metals in the water of Garmsar plain will be reduced upon adopting the proposed solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ecological Safety & Balanced Use of Resources is the property of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil & Gas (IFNTUOG) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)