Search

Background: Little is known about the disturbance in bodily experience (BE) following ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation. The level of disturbance in BE serves as an indicator of the status of the patients' adaptation process to the device. This process encompasses coping with both the more affective, psychological conflicts and the more cognitive, practical challenges of living with the VAD. To provide an economical screening tool for everyday clinical practice, we refined and validated a questionnaire on BE in VAD patients. Methods: Seven specific items were derived from clinical experience and presented to 365 VAD patients (85% male; time since implantation: 3–36 months). The item structure was examined using factor analyses and probabilistic test theory. Discriminant validity and change sensitivity were determined in relation to associated psychometric instruments. Results: Four items were found to constitute the unidimensional bodily experience scale (BE‐S). Besides a high internal consistency of the scale (ω = 0.86), the RMSEA of >0.01 indicates a very good model fit. The BE‐S has high convergent validity with related constructs (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire). Change sensitivity analyses proved the BE‐S alone to be significantly sensitive to the temporal dynamics of psychological adaptation processes following VAD implantation. Conclusion: The BE‐S constitutes a valid and economical tool for clinical practice to assess patients' disturbance in BE after VAD implantation. It is a valuable tool for identifying patients with difficulties in adapting to the VAD. Subsequently, it enables early and focused therapeutic support for these patients at risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a virus in the coronavirus family called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to lack of effective treatment, the major way to breakdown the disease transmission is by application of preventive measures. For this, a preventive practice questionnaire was used to assess the preventive practice during COVID-19. A definite advantage of this questionnaire is its ability to identify individual level preventive practices. The objective of the study was to validate the Nepali version of Questionnaire to assess preventive practices against the COVID-19 pandemic in the General population. Methods: A web-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023 using preventive practices against the COVID-19 pandemic questionnaire and was conducted among 351 respondents. The sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaire were calculated for validation. The best cutoff point for the Nepalese version of the questionnaire was identified and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated. Results: The overall prevalence of good preventive practices was 90.6%. The best cutoff points for the Nepali version of the questionnaire were 93% sensitivity and 67% specificity, respectively at a cutoff level of 47/48. The area under the curve was 0.859. Thus, the Nepalese version of the questionnaire concerning preventive practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population had an accuracy of 85.9% (95% CI 0.757–0.961, p = 0.001). Conclusion: The Nepalese version of the questionnaire on preventive practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population can be successfully used as a survey tool. These findings might help to detect appropriate adherence to preventive practices can be achieved in busy outpatient departments. Detecting adherence to preventive practices may help local health authorities and policymakers in identifying specific populations for future awareness campaigns during infectious disease outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: A proper posture is essential for musculoskeletal health, and a poor posture can lead to low back pain. To address the limitations of traditional text-based questionnaires, this study developed and validated a visualized posture assessment questionnaire for evaluating daily postures related to low back pain. The questionnaire was administered in Taiwan and designed using Traditional Chinese language. Methods: The proposed questionnaire evaluates six categories of daily activities including lifting heavy objects, sitting, putting on shoes, face washing and tooth brushing, getting out of bed, and doing sit-ups, or similar actions. Each category comprises an ergonomic posture and a non-ergonomic posture with corresponding illustrations. The questionnaire was administered to 100 participants, and its internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's α, while test–retest reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). An expert panel reviewed the content validity, and the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) was calculated for each item and illustration. Results: Testing revealed a Cronbach's α of 0.808, indicating high internal consistency, and a test–retest reliability, as measured by ICCs, of 0.78, indicating high stability over time. The I-CVI scores were high across all items, with the illustrations unanimously rated by the experts as highly relevant, supporting the effectiveness of the questionnaire's visualized format for enhanced comprehension. Conclusions: The proposed questionnaire exhibits high reliability and validity, rendering it effective in evaluating posture-related risks of low back pain. This questionnaire also offers a more accessible and intuitive alternative to text-based questionnaires, with potential applications in clinical and research settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational thinking (CT) is an essential mathematical skill for problem-solving and students’ future lives. It is integrated into the educational curricula of several countries, including Portugal. Therefore, pre-service teachers (PST) must possess didactic knowledge to effectively develop CT in students. The aim of this study encompassed three main objectives: translating and adapting the computational thinking scale into Portuguese (study 1), validating the scale (study 2), and assessing the perceived levels of CT competencies among PST in Portuguese university students while examining differences between undergraduate and master’s level PST (study 3). The sample consisted of study 1 with 43 participants and study 2 and study 3 with 382 participants. In study 1, temporal stability was assessed indicating strong stability. The internal consistency showed good homogeneity of the items. The exploratory factor analysis revealed consistency with the structure of the original scale. In conclusion, the Portuguese version of the CT scale demonstrates adequate psychometric properties, proving valid and reliable for assessing CT in university students. Additionally, significant differences were observed between undergraduate and master’s degree students, underscoring the importance of tailored training programs to meet the specific needs of undergraduate students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a virus in the coronavirus family called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to lack of effective treatment, the major way to breakdown the disease transmission is by application of preventive measures. For this, a preventive practice questionnaire was used to assess the preventive practice during COVID-19. A definite advantage of this questionnaire is its ability to identify individual level preventive practices. The objective of the study was to validate the Nepali version of Questionnaire to assess preventive practices against the COVID-19 pandemic in the General population. Methods A web-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023 using preventive practices against the COVID-19 pandemic questionnaire and was conducted among 351 respondents. The sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaire were calculated for validation. The best cutoff point for the Nepalese version of the questionnaire was identified and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated. Results The overall prevalence of good preventive practices was 90.6%. The best cutoff points for the Nepali version of the questionnaire were 93% sensitivity and 67% specificity, respectively at a cutoff level of 47/48. The area under the curve was 0.859. Thus, the Nepalese version of the questionnaire concerning preventive practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population had an accuracy of 85.9% (95% CI 0.757–0.961, p = 0.001). Conclusion The Nepalese version of the questionnaire on preventive practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population can be successfully used as a survey tool. These findings might help to detect appropriate adherence to preventive practices can be achieved in busy outpatient departments. Detecting adherence to preventive practices may help local health authorities and policymakers in identifying specific populations for future awareness campaigns during infectious disease outbreaks.

Abstract Background The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) is one of the most commonly used questionnaires for assessing adolescents’ levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA). Although a Chinese version of the PAQ-A (comprising nine items) exists, it has been assessed for only internal consistency coefficients, test–retest reliability, and correlations with the GT3X + accelerometer. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the PAQ-A among Chinese adolescents. Methods This study included three samples of 1,101 secondary school students (12–19 years old). The first sample consisted of 518 participants (50.4% males, 49.6% females) for correlation tests and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The second sample consisted of 227 participants (55.75% males, 44.24% females) for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), convergent validity, and sample size invariance tests. The third sample consisted of 356 participants (54.50% male, 45.50% female) for the internal consistency reliability test, invariance test (cross sample size, education level and gender), and t-test. Results Pearson correlation analysis of the PAQ-A indicated that all the total-item correlations exceeded 0.2, indicating good consistency across the items. Subsequent EFA of the Chinese version of the PAQ-A revealed a two-factor structure. CFA subsequently validated this structure. One of the items exhibited a standardized loading below 0.4 and was excluded. The exclusion of this item resulted in increased standardized loadings for the remaining items, ranging from 0.40 to 0.82, which indicates improved fit indices. This adjustment underscores the questionnaire’s satisfactory convergent validity and robust discriminant validity. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.821, with the values for the first and second factors being 0.757 and 0.716, respectively. The questionnaire demonstrated stable invariance across sample sizes and education levels and additionally showed partial scalar invariance across genders. A t-test revealed a significant difference between males and females, which aligns with previous findings. These findings supported the construct validity of the questionnaire. Conclusion This study validated the Chinese version of the PAQ-A for assessing adolescent PA in China, with a two-factor structure improved by removing one item.

Abstract Background Self-stigma is associated with low self-esteem, high shame and reduced drinking-refusal self-efficacy in people with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The Self-Stigma in Alcohol-Dependence Scale-Short Form (SSAD-SF) was designed to enable a brief, but valid assessment of AUD self-stigma. Methods We reduced the 64-item SSAD, originally derived from 16 stereotypes towards people with AUD, by removing the most offensive items based on perspectives of people with lived experience. The newly created scale was then assessed and validated in a cross-sectional study involving 156 people reporting alcohol issues in various treatment settings. Results The 20-item SSAD-SF includes five stereotypes, with good internal consistency for each subscale and the overall scale. It reflects the four-stage progressive model of self-stigmatization with decreasing scores over the stages awareness of stereotypes, agreement with stereotypes, self-application of stereotypes, and harmful consequences for self-esteem, and highest correlations between adjacent stages. The subscales apply and harm were associated with internalized stigma, shame, reduced self-esteem, and lower drinking-refusal self-efficacy, as supported by multivariate regression models. Discussion The SSAD-SF is a valid instrument for measuring the process of self-stigmatization in people with AUD. Self-stigma is a consistent predictor of reduced self-esteem, higher shame and lower drinking-refusal self-efficacy in people with AUD. We discuss merits of the progressive model for understanding and addressing self-stigma in AUD.

Background: Self-stigma is associated with low self-esteem, high shame and reduced drinking-refusal self-efficacy in people with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The Self-Stigma in Alcohol-Dependence Scale-Short Form (SSAD-SF) was designed to enable a brief, but valid assessment of AUD self-stigma. Methods: We reduced the 64-item SSAD, originally derived from 16 stereotypes towards people with AUD, by removing the most offensive items based on perspectives of people with lived experience. The newly created scale was then assessed and validated in a cross-sectional study involving 156 people reporting alcohol issues in various treatment settings. Results: The 20-item SSAD-SF includes five stereotypes, with good internal consistency for each subscale and the overall scale. It reflects the four-stage progressive model of self-stigmatization with decreasing scores over the stages awareness of stereotypes, agreement with stereotypes, self-application of stereotypes, and harmful consequences for self-esteem, and highest correlations between adjacent stages. The subscales apply and harm were associated with internalized stigma, shame, reduced self-esteem, and lower drinking-refusal self-efficacy, as supported by multivariate regression models. Discussion: The SSAD-SF is a valid instrument for measuring the process of self-stigmatization in people with AUD. Self-stigma is a consistent predictor of reduced self-esteem, higher shame and lower drinking-refusal self-efficacy in people with AUD. We discuss merits of the progressive model for understanding and addressing self-stigma in AUD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional teaching methods like lectures can hinder the integration of theoretical knowledge and practical skills in higher education. To address this challenge, digital simulation games (DSGs) offer promising solutions through immersive and interactive learning experiences. Research shows that DSGs can motivate learners, enhance subject interest, and improve practical skill development in higher education. Authentic learning, which incorporates real-world contexts, tasks, and assessments, can address this gap by enhancing engagement and critical thinking. Unfortunately, there are no validated instruments to measure the effectiveness of DSGs and authentic learning. This study aimed to develop and validate the authentic digital simulation game (ADSG) questionnaire to assess DSGs' effectiveness in higher education. The ADSG questionnaire was administered to 155 undergraduates who utilized a construction hazard identification DSG for a construction safety course. Statistical analyses were conducted, including exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA), logistic regression, and internal consistency reliability assessments. The 17-item scale generated four significant factors: (1) collaboration and sharing of ideas, (2) authenticity of context, (3) clear objectives and guidance, and (4) game design elements. The CFA confirmed the revised model's validity (CFI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.07) and the logistic regression model was statistically significant (χ2 (4, N = 155) = 28.860). The odds ratios are 0.33, 1.71, 2.28 and 0.83 respectively. Clear objectives and guidance were found to have the most significant impact on the perceived effectiveness of DSGs, while game design elements had less influence. This study provides a valuable tool for educators and practitioners to evaluate and enhance DSGs effectively in higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking coparenting into consideration is essential when assessing children and their relational environment, regardless of the family structure. This paper presents three studies we conducted with the aim of developing and validating a reliable instrument for the assessment of coparenting in Spanish. The first study consisted of developing the items to be included in the assessment tool and evaluation of this content by a panel of nine experts. In the second study, we explored both the psychometric properties and the factorial structure of the prototype instrument using a sample of 251 participants. The third study confirmed the factorial structure and tested measurement invariance, the reliability, and convergent and discriminant evidence of our tool in a general population sample of 312 participants. We obtained a 15-item unidimensional questionnaire, the Questionnaire for the Assessment of Coparenting (CECOP), with very good psychometric properties: excellent internal consistency with α of 0.97 and supported validity with the selected conceptually related metrics; convergent validity with the Instrument for the Assessment of Adaptation to Divorce–Separation's (CADS) coparenting dimension and Questionnaire on Perceived Support from the Former Partner (CARE); and divergent validity with parenting and dyadic adjustment. Furthermore, the results in terms of measurement invariance across family structures and sex allowed us to assume the configural invariance between the groups. However, it was not possible to assume metric invariance. Finally, we also provide normative scores for its interpretation. The CECOP shows excellent psychometric properties and can be considered the first questionnaire in Spanish that assesses coparenting in any family structure, which also includes the triadic conceptualization of coparenting, providing valuable information on the relational environment in which children and adolescence live. Highlights: The CECOP is the first instrument in Spanish that assesses coparenting across different family structures. The CECOP is a valid and reliable unidimensional Spanish-language self-report instrument to assess coparenting. This clinical assessment of coparenting, aimed at parents that have a child in common, is able to examine how they work together as parents while providing information regarding the relational environment in which children live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Social comparison, the process of evaluating one's characteristics in relation to others, influences individuals' self‐perception and behavior. However, instruments are scarce for assessing social comparison in the medical setting. Objectives: Our aim was to develop and validate a new scale for assessing social comparison. Materials and methods: Seven statements were developed, encompassing the perceived normality of having rashes, the tendency to compare their situation with others, and the emotional response when seeing someone better or worse off than themselves. The instrument was piloted in 15 patients for readability and face validity, then prospectively validated using modern psychometric methods in 1,053 adult patients with eczema or psoriasis from three tertiary dermatological centers in Singapore. Results: Of 1,053 adult patients, 802 (76.2%) had eczema, and 251 (23.8%) had psoriasis. Exploratory factor analysis (using a 70% sample split) showed a single factor model comprising three questions (Eigenvalue: 1.4). Confirmatory factor analysis with the remaining 30% of the sample confirmed an excellent model fit. Cronbach's alpha was 0.7, and inter‐item correlations ranged from 0.42 to 0.46. In the Rasch analysis, item fit statistics and item characteristic curves showed appropriate discrimination between response options, although reliability was suboptimal with a person separation reliability of 0.63. Conclusions: Comprising 3 questions, the newly derived social comparison scale showed acceptable psychometrics as a measure of social comparison for clinical and research purposes in dermatology. Its brief nature likely results from its brevity and applicability to conditions beyond eczema and psoriasis, which warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) has been associated with overweight and obesity during childhood. The gold standard to assess this behavior is a laboratory-based protocol, but a questionnaire to assess EAH more efficiently in children and adolescents has been developed and validated in English. We assessed construct validity (structural and convergent validity) and reliability (internal consistency and temporal stability) of a French translation of the EAH Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents among French–Canadian youths. We recruited participants in Montreal (Canada) aged 7–15 years old, who completed the questionnaire and provided anthropometric data. We asked participants to complete the questionnaire a second time ∼4 weeks later. The questionnaire consists of 14 questions and 3 subscales that assess EAH due to negative affect, fatigue/boredom, and external cues. We performed an exploratory factor analysis to test the factor structure and we calculated Cronbach alpha coefficients and intra-class correlations to assess internal consistency and temporal stability, respectively. We assessed associations between EAH and BMI z-score using Pearson correlations. We included 196 participants (50% girls; mean (SD) 11.9 (2.3) years old) for the first completion and 153 for the second completion. The exploratory factor analysis generated the same three subscales as the original questionnaire: negative affect (α = 0.86; ICC = 0.78), fatigue/boredom (α = 0.75; ICC = 0.70), and external cues (α = 0.68; ICC = 0.54). Participant's BMI z-scores were positively associated with the average scores from the negative affect subscale (r = 0.19; ρ = 0.009). Our results suggest that this questionnaire has an adequate construct validity, internal consistency, and temporal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hand10 questionnaire is a short, easy-to-understand, visual questionnaire developed for the functional assessment of upper extremity disorders. It consists of visuals of each item as well as facial expressions that reflect the degree of difficulty during the function. It has been stated that the Hand10 questionnaire is suitable for application in the elderly population due to its stated features. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the Hand10 questionnaire in hand osteoarthritis, the prevalence of which increases with age. Patients filled the Hand10, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), and Australian/Canadian Osteoarthritis Hand Index (AUSCAN) questionnaires, once. Validity of Hand10 was determined with DASH and AUSCAN questionnaires using Pearson Correlation Coefficient analysis. Sixty patients were enrolled in the study. The Hand10 score of the patients was 45.15 ± 25.81; DASH score was 76.31 ± 26.37, and AUSCAN score was 32.75 ± 15.58. The analysis revealed that Hand10 scores showed a positive correlation with DASH scores at a "very good" level (r = 0.71; p < 0.001; 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.55, 0.82]) and AUSCAN scores at an "excellent" level (r = 0.76; p < 0.001; 95% CI [0.63, 0.85]). The Hand10 questionnaire is a valid tool in patients with hand OA. This questionnaire, which consists of ten items and includes pictures that have a positive effect on repeatability, is very practical in evaluating hand function in upper extremity disorders, especially in older age individuals. • The Hand10 questionnaire is a valid questionnaire to assess disability in patients with hand OA. • Since the Hand10 survey contains visual expressions, it is easier to understand and apply than other surveys. • The Hand10 survey results in a positive correlation with the DASH and AUSCAN surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human dissections in the current medical curriculum are conducted using a checklist approach to prioritize the exposure of anatomical structures. In this setting, anatomy educators are labored to enhance their engagement during the dissection. To address this issue, we considered the current medical education pedagogies and identified a novel approach of studio‐based learning (SBL) for application in a Human Dissection Workshop. This study aimed to (1) evaluate students' perceptions of SBL, (2) appraise the impact of SBL on anatomical knowledge learning, and (3) interpret the results of a validated questionnaire. Workshop participants were recruited from Year 2 medical students at the Chinese University of Hong Kong from the 2020 and 2021 cohorts. Fifty‐one students participated in the workshop (N = 24 [2020], N = 27 [2021]), and 50 of them completed the postworkshop questionnaire rated on a 5‐point Likert scale. Nineteen items were validated using a factor analysis. The interpretation of the questionnaire results demonstrated the different learning outcomes of the workshop, which included (1) enhancing students' knowledge and spatial understanding of anatomical structures, (2) strengthening students' appreciation of gross pathologies and clinical relevance, and (3) promoting higher‐order thinking skills. To our knowledge, this is the first study to introduce SBL in medical education. The successful implementation of the workshop reflects the promising potential of SBL for enhancing human dissection and supplementing the medical curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Praxis of Otorhinolaryngology / Kulak Burun Boğaz Uygulamaları is the property of Official Journal of ENT-HNS Society of Istanbul and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this review is to assess the worldwide clinical utilisation of Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) and New Five-factor Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI-5F) for various clinical and scientific objectives, as well as to validate its application in Latvia. Numerous articles indexed in the MedLine Library (Pubmed.gov) were examined, spanning from the initial GBI publication to the present. Various applications of these questionnaires have been investigated across multiple medical specialties, including otolaryngology, ophthalmology, urology, paediatric practice, neuro-surgery, gastroenterology, oncology, and maxillofacial surgery in different countries. The use of the questionnaire in Latvia, following examples from other countries, can aid in assessing factors such as General Health, Support, Quality of Life, Self-Confidence and Social Involvement post-intervention in chronic conditions. This could help compare treatment outcome data both in clinical practice within our country and within the scientific community on an international level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractExposure to false information is becoming a common occurrence in our daily lives. New developments in artificial intelligence are now used to produce increasingly sophisticated multimedia false content, such as deepfakes, making false information even more challenging to detect and combat. This creates expansive opportunities to mislead individuals into believing fabricated claims and negatively influence their attitudes and behavior. Therefore, a better understanding of how individuals perceive such content and the variables related to the perceived trustworthiness of deepfakes is needed. In the present study, we developed and validated the Perceived Deepfake Trustworthiness Questionnaire (PDTQ) in English, Italian, and Slovene. This was done in three phases. First, we developed the initial pool of items by reviewing previous studies, generating items via interviews and surveys, and employing artificial intelligence. Second, we shortened and adapted the questionnaire according to experts’ evaluation of content validity and translated the questionnaire into Italian and Slovene. Lastly, we evaluated the psychometric characteristics via a cross-sectional study in three languages (N = 733). The exploratory factor analyses suggested a two-factor solution, with the first factor measuring the perceived trustworthiness of the content and the second measuring the perceived trustworthiness of the presentation. This factorial structure was replicated in confirmatory factor analyses. Moreover, our analyses provided support for PDTQ’s reliability, measurement invariance across all three languages, and its construct and incremental validity. As such, the PDTQ is a reliable, measurement invariant, and valid tool for comprehensive exploration of individuals’ perception of deepfake videos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addressing vaccine hesitancy requires culturally adaptable tools. This study aimed to provide a better understanding of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Israel’s ultraorthodox Jewish community, where vaccine hesitancy is prevalent. We developed and validated a COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy questionnaire and explored correlates of intention to receive the fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in this population. A mixed-methods study employing an exploratory sequential design was conducted in May-September 2022. Building on qualitative data, a questionnaire was developed and validated in a cross-sectional study when the fourth dose was recommended to all adults. Thematic analysis identified several factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine decision-making, predominantly religious authority alongside health information sources, perceived vaccine safety, effectiveness, and trust in state authorities. In the cross-sectional study, 96/106 (90.6%) participants were vaccinated against COVID-19; 5.2%, 25.0%, 65.6%, and 4.2% received 1, 2, 3, and 4 doses, respectively. Intention to receive the fourth dose (yes/maybe) was reported by 46%. A factor analysis yielded several scales expressing perceptions regarding COVID-19, with Cronbach’s Alpha mostly between 0.689 and 0.887. Correlates of intention to receive the fourth dose were age ≥ 50 years: OR = 12.45 (95% CI 1.42–108.93), male-sex: 4.97 (1.47–16.81), perceiving the vaccine as important/effective and safe: 4.11 (1.29–13.13), utilizing ultraorthodox communication channels: 5.86 (1.58–21.73), and the number of previously received doses: 3.14 (1.31–7.53). Complementary evidence emphasized the role of religious authority and information sources (ultraorthodox communication channels) and balancing perceived vaccine safety and effectiveness and disease risk in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Israel’s ultraorthodox Jewish population.

Professional success depends on more than just academic achievements frequently defined and evaluated as grades, academic averages and approval of semesters. Other non-cognitive factors, such as ‘grit’, or academic persistence, have been related to a decrease in academic dropout and success prediction. But it has not been measured in medical students. This study seeks cross-cultural psychometric validation in Spanish of the GRIT-S questionnaire in its original version to measure academic persistence in medical students. Cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire was carried out based on the ISPOR standards (cultural translation and adaptation of texts). The final questionnaire was applied to 427 medical students. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed. The analysis was performed with Lisrel 9.30 student version. The questionnaire did not show difficulty in content or comprehension on the part of the students. The exploratory factor analysis identified two constructs: Consistency in interests and persistence of effort. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed with a sample size of 427 subjects. The overall fit indices indicate good fit: Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) 0.0509 ( 0.9), Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.996 (> 0.9), Standardized RMR (SRMR) 0.0361 (< 0.08), chi-square p-value 0.217. The GRIT-S questionnaire in Spanish is a feasible, valid, and change-sensitive tool when applied to medical students. It presents psychometric properties comparable to the original questionnaire, allowing its application for future studies and interventions focused on the academic success of this population.

This critique examines the validation of the Gender Preoccupation and Stability Questionnaire (GPSQ-2), focusing on methodological limitations and the narrow definition of distress. While the GPSQ-2 expands its scope to include adolescents, it overlooks broader emotional and social dimensions of gender dysphoria, such as shame and societal stigma. The critique also questions the psychometric robustness of the instrument and its reliance on a unidimensional model. Suggestions for further refinement include expanding the sample size and improving the measure’s conceptual depth to better capture diverse experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to construct and validate a new instrument for assessing Academic Self-Handicapping. The instrument consists of 22 items. A total of 251 participants, consisting of high-schoolers and university students, participated in the study. The results confirm sound psychometric properties and the validity of the scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified one component that explains 28% of the total variance. Convergent and discriminant validity was tested through correlation analyses with the subscales of the instruments HEXACO-60, Self-Liking/Self-Competence scale, and Self-Handicapping Questionnaire. Academic Self-Handicapping was strongly negatively correlated with Conscientiousness, dimensions of Self-Esteem, Extraversion and Honesty, positively related with Emotionality and four Self-Handicapping strategies. In the paper we discuss potential understanding of Academic Self-Handicapping as the manifestation of depression in academic context and that the root cause of these behaviors lies in the achievement-oriented school system. We conclude that our instrument can be used to assess the Academic Self-Handicapping of students and can serve as a useful tool for understanding the psychological systems of students.

Abstract: The intimacy questionnaire by Birnie (2009; Birnie-Porter & Lydon, 2013) is a promising measure of relationship intimacy due to its strong theoretical background, the inclusion of lay conceptions and the differentiation of emotional and sexual intimacy. This study aimed to validate our German translation of Birnie’s questionnaire, which we labeled Intimacy Scale (IS). In two independent samples (379 and 203 individuals), confirmatory factor analyses showed best support for a bifactor S-1 model, with a strong general intimacy factor and a small specific factor, capturing unique portions of the variance related to sexual intimacy. The general intimacy factor correlated very highly and to the point of redundancy with relationship quality. Taken together, the IS may be useful as measure of relationship quality with a general (intimacy) factor. Future research is needed to improve the factorial structure of the scale.

The exploration of higher education (HE) teachers' approaches to teaching has mainly been done using quantitative instruments which have been criticised for being too narrow in examining the dimensions of teaching. Higher education approaches to teaching (HEAT) inventory is a recently developed instrument to capture the dimensions of HE teaching more broadly. Moreover, teacher self-efficacy has been shown to be an important element influencing approaches to teaching, but still, the research on it has been scarce. The aims of the study are thus (1) to validate the HEAT inventory and (2) to explore what kind of individual teaching profiles can be identified among higher education teachers and their relation to teachers' self-efficacy. The results showed that HEAT is a valid instrument to measure various dimensions of approaches to teaching and that several profiles of approaches to teaching can emerge among HE teachers. These profiles also differ in terms of teachers' self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The escalation of global obesity is driving research to understand environmental influences on this process, particularly during vulnerable developmental stages such as childhood and adolescence. Efforts include the development of various structured data collection tools. We aimed to adapt a series of previously validated questionnaires from the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE), the Child Feeding Questionnaire, and elements from the World Health Organization Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) in order to assess local lifestyle patterns among Romanian high school students and their families that may predispose them to obesity. To this goal, an expert committee was formed as part of a research partnership to oversee the questionnaire's translation and adaptation. It consisted of education and school management specialists, clinical research professionals, language experts, and public health experts. The adapted questionnaires were then applied to 114 students enrolled in the 9th and 10th grades attending a high school situated in Sibiu, and their parents. The variables measured were investigated for correlations with overweight and obesity and, as a secondary objective, academic performance. The study revealed several critical findings, including suboptimal sleep durations and physical activity levels among students, a significant amount of screen time, and correlations between weight status and physical activity, sedentary time, and maternal weight status and education levels. The adapted questionnaires proved to be effective tools in capturing the multifaceted factors implicated in adolescent obesity, providing a foundation for targeted interventions and broader public health strategies to address this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractConsidering the crucial role of education in offering mitigation and adaptation strategies for climate change, there is a clear need for objective tools to assess its impact on the understanding of the issue among secondary school students. This paper describes the methodological design used to build and validate an instrument that explores secondary education students’ climate change knowledge. The design is organized into several steps: literature and document review; item design; Expert judgment; pilot testing; and instrument quality criteria analysis. Thus, a questionnaire comprising 27 4-points Likert scale items was designed. Two rounds of pilot testing and statistical analyses were conducted on the difficulty indexes, factor analysis, Spearman coefficient (flit-half method), and alpha coefficient. The result is an instrument with a degree of feasibility, validity and reliability suitable for comparative research as was found in a Spanish macro-study involving 6398 secondary school students. Preliminary results for the Spanish context are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) literacy is at the top of the agenda for education today in developing learners' AI knowledge, skills, attitudes and values in the 21st century. However, there are few validated research instruments for educators to examine how secondary students develop and perceive their learning outcomes. After reviewing the literature on AI literacy questionnaires, we categorized the identified competencies in four dimensions: (1) affective learning (intrinsic motivation and self‐efficacy/confidence), (2) behavioural learning (behavioural commitment and collaboration), (3) cognitive learning (know and understand; apply, evaluate and create) and (4) ethical learning. Then, a 32‐item self‐reported questionnaire on AI literacy (AILQ) was developed and validated to measure students' literacy development in the four dimensions. The design and validation of AILQ were examined through theoretical review, expert judgement, interview, pilot study and first‐ and second‐order confirmatory factor analysis. This article reports the findings of a pilot study using a preliminary version of the AILQ among 363 secondary school students in Hong Kong to analyse the psychometric properties of the instrument. Results indicated a four‐factor structure of the AILQ and revealed good reliability and validity. The AILQ is recommended as a reliable measurement scale for assessing how secondary students foster their AI literacy and inform better instructional design based on the proposed affective, behavioural, cognitive and ethical (ABCE) learning framework. Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic AI literacy has drawn increasing attention in recent years and has been identified as an important digital literacy.Schools and universities around the world started to incorporate AI into their curriculum to foster young learners' AI literacy.Some studies have worked to design suitable measurement tools, especially questionnaires, to examine students' learning outcomes in AI learning programmes.What this paper adds Develops an AI literacy questionnaire (AILQ) to evaluate students' literacy development in terms of affective, behavioural, cognitive and ethical (ABCE) dimensions.Proposes a parsimonious model based on the ABCE framework and addresses a skill set of AI literacy.Implications for practice and/or policy Researchers are able to use the AILQ as a guide to measure students' AI literacy.Practitioners are able to use the AILQ to assess students' AI literacy development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the potential benefits and the desire for end-of-life communication, it rarely occurs in the familial context. Relatives play a significant role in the communication process; thus, it is crucial to understand the difficulties that they face. To develop and evaluate the relatives' version of the Difficulties in End-of-Life Discussions - Family Inventory (DEOLD-FI-r) regarding its factor structure, reliability and validity. Relatives of patients with advanced cancer were recruited in a German hospital. The factor structure of the questionnaire was explored. Construct validity was examined through correlations between the DEOLD-FI-r and measures of avoidance of cancer communication, quality of life, distress, and experienced difficulty during end-of-life discussions. Additionally, we examined the group difference between those who had and had not engaged in the conversation. About 111 relatives completed the survey (mean age 55.5 years, 52% female). The final version of the DEOLD-FI-r contained 23 items (α =.92). The exploratory factor analysis resulted in three factors explaining 74% of the variance. Each factor described another dimension of potential communication barriers in end-of-life discussions: 1) Own emotional burden, 2) Relational and patient-related difficulties, 3) Negative attitudes. Construct validity was supported by correlations consistent with our hypotheses and less reported communication difficulty by those who had already talked about the end-of-life with their relative (t (106) = 5.38, P <.001, d = 0.8). The results indicate that the DEOLD-FI-r is a valid and reliable instrument for the systematic assessment of difficulties in family end-of-life communication. By focusing on relatives, it complements the already validated patient-version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease (PsAID-12) questionnaire, a recommended measure of patient-reported impact for psoriatic arthritis (PsA), was initially developed in Europe and may lack universal validity. Recognizing the need for a culturally appropriate tool for Arab patients, this study aimed to TranslAte, CulTurally adapt, and validate the PsAID in ArabIC (TACTIC). The PsAID-12 was translated into Arabic using a rigorous process of double translation, back-translation, and cognitive debriefing. The Arabic version was then validated through a study conducted in 13 Arab countries in 2022. Participants were consecutive literate adult patients diagnosed with PsA and fulfilling the CASPAR criteria. Collected data included PsAID-12, disease activity, and legacy patient-reported outcomes. Psychometric properties, such as internal consistency, construct validity, and test–retest reliability, were examined. Factors associated with high PsAID-12 total scores (> 4) were explored using multivariable binary logistic regression. A culturally adapted Arabic PsAID-12 questionnaire was achieved with minor rephrasing. The validation study included 554 patients from 13 countries (mean age 45 years, 59% females), with a mean PsAID score of 3.86 (SD 2.33). The Arabic PsAID-12 demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.95), and correlations with other measures ranged from 0.63 to 0.78. Test–retest reliability (N = 138 patients) was substantial (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC 0.90 [0.86–0.93]; Cohen's kappa 0.80). Factors associated with a high PsAID score were disability (odds ratio, OR 3.15 [2.03–4.89]), depression (OR 1.56 [1.35–1.81]), widespread pain (OR 1.31 [1.12–1.53]), and disease activity (OR 1.29 [1.13–1.47]). Pain and fatigue were identified as the most impactful PsAID-12 domains for PsA patients. The Arabic PsAID is a valid and reliable measure that reflects the priorities of patients with PsA. PsAID scores correlated with disease activity and legacy outcome measures, as expected, indicating PsAID is a consistent measure of PsA impact across cultures. These findings highlight the potential of the Arabic PsAID in improving the care provided to Arabic-speaking patients worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cocaine use has tended to increase over the past decade, particularly among younger populations. Cocaine is the second most commonly used illicit substance in France. Over the past few years, there has been an uptick in cocaine consumption in the country. The observed increase in consumption raises questions about the underlying motives. The goal of the present study is to construct and validate a questionnaire that explores the motivation behind cocaine use. This paper consists of two studies conducted on different data collections. In the first study, one thousand, one hundred and thirteen (n = 1113) individuals participated and six hundred and seventy (n = 670) individuals participated in the second study. All participants were current or former cocaine users. These participants completed an online sociodemographic questionnaire, a constructed questionnaire exploring motivations for cocaine use. This questionnaire was developed using the self-determination theory of (Deci & Ryan, 1985) and 11 semi-structured interviews with users. The purpose of these interviews was to explore the motivation for cocaine use, the expected benefits, and the negative consequences. From literature and the corpus of previously completed interviews, a first version of the questionnaire with 31 items was produced. The research respects the ethical recommendations of Helsinki and has received a favorable opinion from the research ethics committee. The data was collected anonymously and on a voluntary basis. In the first study, 574 (51.6%) men and 539 (48.4%) women participated. The mean age of the participants was 25.0 years (SD = 5.83) ranging from 18 to 65 years old. In the second study 310 (46.3%) men and 360 (53.7%) women participated. The mean age of the participants was 25.7 years (SD = 4.23) ranging from 18 to 48 years old. Initially, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out. This first analysis resulted in a 23-item questionnaire with a four-factor solution: pleasant sensations, social pressure and self-image, absence of motivation, and curiosity and experience. The psychometric indicators were quite satisfactory with X2 (465) = 15951, P < 0.001 for the Bartlett test and 0.91 for the KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) test. In the second part of the research, the confirmatory factor analysis indicated a solution with three factors and 21 items. Psychometric indicators showed CFI (Comparative Fit Index) = 0.89, RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) = 0.06 and SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.06. The three main factors for cocaine use were: pleasant and positive sensations, social pressure and self-esteem, and amotivation. This study laid the groundwork for the development of a valid questionnaire to explore and better understand the cocaine users' motivations, thereby enabling preventive and therapeutic measures to be adjusted accordingly. This questionnaire can also be used for future research on cocaine use, which is focused on mental health as well as family history and history of traumatic life events, as associated with cocaine use. We may also consider replicating this study on a clinical population with a cocaine-dependency diagnosis, potentially revealing additional motivations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The present study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating questionnaires for evaluating the public health students' knowledge, performance, and satisfaction (KPS) in the course of educational technology. Methods: The present study was conducted with qualitative‐quantitative approach. Qualitative stage was done based on experts' opinion and related articles and questionnaires for developing, designing, and validating the tools. For validating the tools, face validity and content validity was done based on the opinion of the 10 expert panel. In quantitative stage, all initial validated tools were implemented on 50 students of public health for determining the reliability. The reliability of the tools was calculated using the internal consistency method of the items with Cronbach's ⍺ coefficient, and Kuder–Richardson. All analyses were conducted using SPSS‐19 software. Results: In the field of qualitative research, an assessment tool consisting of 20 four‐option questions was designed. The content validity of this tool was confirmed based on the opinions of 10 educational experts, with CVI Total = 0.862 and CVR = 0.885. Additionally, the reliability of the tool was validated through testing on 50 public health students, resulting in a reliability coefficient of r = 0.780. Furthermore, for performance evaluation, four assessment tools each comprising 20 questions (totaling 80 questions) were designed. The validity values for these tools in the areas of PowerPoint (CVI = 0.981, CVR = 0.960), pamphlet (CVI = 0.866, CVR = 0.877), poster (CVI = 0.871, CVR = 0.906), role‐playing (CVI = 0.871, CVR = 0.980), and the reliability of the tools with Cronbach's ⍺ r > 0.80 were confirmed. In the satisfaction assessment section, a researcher‐made questionnaire consisting of 18 questions across seven domains was designed, with confirmed content validity (CVI = 0.949, CVR = 0.861) and reliability (r = 0.928). Conclusions: It seems that this tool can be used to measure the KPS of students from the educational technology course of the health field and similar fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a new questionnaire, the “Diagnostic Inventory for Self-Regulated Language Learning” (DISLL), for assessing self-regulated learning strategies of students of English as an additional language. We discuss self-regulated learning models, evaluate existing questionnaires for assessing language learners’ selfregulated strategy use, and present a rationale for the DISLL. We explain Zimmerman’s (2000) three-phase model, adapted with simplified phase names: planning, doing, and reflecting. Every DISLL phase starts with a brief scenario to help learners judge how often they employ each strategy in that phase. Already completed are a review of the DISLL 1.0 by 18 international researchers, the step-by-step creation of the DISLL 1.1, and the profiling of vocabulary in the DISLL 1.1 to ensure the simplicity necessary for intermediate-level learners. We present an argument-based validation framework, to be supported by piloting the DISLL 1.2 in Iran, Saudi Arabia, Spain, and Poland and even broader piloting of the DISLL 1.3. Statistical analyses will involve quantitative methods, e.g., exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and confirmatory composite analysis. At least one site will also use qualitative think-aloud protocols. The DISLL will be released into the public domain for free use after version 1.3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite being in temperate zone, India is endemic to nutritional rickets. However, very little has been studied on knowledge, perception and cultural practices of Indian communities, towards calcium and vitamin-D deficiency in children. Aim & Objective: The study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire in Hindi language for the assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents towards calcium and vitamin D deficiency among children. Methodology: We searched electronic databases for item generation. The questionnaire was developed in Hindi language by five experts in the field of pediatrics, pediatric orthopaedics and community medicine using Delphi method. After language correction from Hindi language experts, a convenient sample of 30 participants filled the questionnaire and tested for internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results: The overall Cronbach's alpha value for the finalized 46-item scale indicated an acceptable reliability (alpha = 0.91). The internal consistency reliability for six domains created was acceptable. The results revealed 'high' test-retest reliability, and there was no statistically significant difference noted between any of the first test and re-test corresponding values (p>0.05). Conclusion: The present questionnaire developed in Hindi Language to assess knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of parents towards Calcium & Vitamin-D deficiency in children, has a good validity and reliability. This newly developed instrument could prove its use to highlight the gaps that may exist among parents. The use of this tool may help clinicians, health educators and policy makers to identify key areas of intervention with regards to Calcium & Vitamin-D deficiency in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Teaching Innovations / Inovacije u Nastavi is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Teacher Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

IntroductionTeaching professionalism is a fundamental aspect of medical undergraduate education, delivering important domains of professional attitudes, ethics, and behaviors. The effects of educational interventions can be assessed by measuring the change in such domains, but validated assessment tools for these professionalism domains are lacking. In this study, we constructed and conducted expert validation of a modified theory of planned behavior (TPB) questionnaire to assess changes in professional behaviors (PBs) in medical students.MethodsTo validate that, we modified an existing TPB questionnaire, and an 18-item questionnaire was subjected to expert panel evaluation using the content validation method. The clarity and relevance of items were assessed using a four-point rating scale (i.e., 1 = not relevant to 4 = highly relevant). Ratings of experts and free-text comments were analyzed. Quantitative evaluation of relevance and clarity was undertaken through analyses of the Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Scale-level Content Validity Index (S-CVI). A qualitative assessment of the comments of experts was conducted to refine items, any disagreements were discussed, and a consensus decision was developed among authors for item changes.ResultsQuantitative evaluation of the Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) scored 0.9–1 for relevance and 0.7–1 for clarity. Qualitative evaluation resulted in (i) changes to the wording of items (e.g., choices such as “worthless/worthwhile” were replaced with “not important/important”); and (ii) suggestion of the addition of social media in the construct of subjective norms.DiscussionThe proposed tool exhibits content validity and can assess TPB constructs in professionalism education. This study of content validity may help to ensure the modified TPB questionnaire accurately measures the TPB constructs, ensuring its effectiveness in accurately measuring the TPB constructs for PB in diversified educational medical institutions.

Abstract Background The present study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating questionnaires for evaluating the public health students' knowledge, performance, and satisfaction (KPS) in the course of educational technology. Methods The present study was conducted with qualitative‐quantitative approach. Qualitative stage was done based on experts' opinion and related articles and questionnaires for developing, designing, and validating the tools. For validating the tools, face validity and content validity was done based on the opinion of the 10 expert panel. In quantitative stage, all initial validated tools were implemented on 50 students of public health for determining the reliability. The reliability of the tools was calculated using the internal consistency method of the items with Cronbach's ⍺ coefficient, and Kuder–Richardson. All analyses were conducted using SPSS‐19 software. Results In the field of qualitative research, an assessment tool consisting of 20 four‐option questions was designed. The content validity of this tool was confirmed based on the opinions of 10 educational experts, with CVI Total = 0.862 and CVR = 0.885. Additionally, the reliability of the tool was validated through testing on 50 public health students, resulting in a reliability coefficient of r = 0.780. Furthermore, for performance evaluation, four assessment tools each comprising 20 questions (totaling 80 questions) were designed. The validity values for these tools in the areas of PowerPoint (CVI = 0.981, CVR = 0.960), pamphlet (CVI = 0.866, CVR = 0.877), poster (CVI = 0.871, CVR = 0.906), role‐playing (CVI = 0.871, CVR = 0.980), and the reliability of the tools with Cronbach's ⍺ r > 0.80 were confirmed. In the satisfaction assessment section, a researcher‐made questionnaire consisting of 18 questions across seven domains was designed, with confirmed content validity (CVI = 0.949, CVR = 0.861) and reliability (r = 0.928). Conclusions It seems that this tool can be used to measure the KPS of students from the educational technology course of the health field and similar fields.

The aim of this research is to identify the latent structure of the website quality construct in adolescents and its statistically significant predictive contribution to the variance in adolescent attitudes towards organic food. The research included a pertinent sample of high school students of both genders (N = 178). The average age of high school seniors was 18.04 ± 1.08 years. The Quality of Website and Attitudes towards Organic Food Scale (Kocić et al., 2022) was used in this research. Exploratory factor analysis - Principal Component Analysis (PCA), applied on the 12 manifest variables, was used to extract four hypothetical basic factors interpreted as: General external contributions (F1), Irrigation (F2), Finance (F3), and Material and human resources (F4). The research also discusses theoretical and practical implications of the empirical findings obtained for the operationalization of the isolated three-component model in the adolescent population. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that attitudes towards organic food were explained by the selected predictors with statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) and more than half of the variance. It has also been determined that high school graduates who use the construct of a better designed, higher quality, and more informative website manifest more pronounced cognitive and affective attitudes towards organic food. This study provides more detailed explanations of these findings and implications for future research.

Relevance: repetitive behaviors, limited interests, and other unusual sensory behaviors often significantly affect the lives of many people with developmental disabilities, including but not limited to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and childhood schizophrenia (PSD). Identification of specific patterns of atypical behavior in these disorders can improve the specificity of diagnoses and monitor response to treatment. Therefore, it would be useful to have an approved questionnaire for the assessment of pathomorphosis and pathoplasty of stereotypes in ASD and schizophrenia in childhood, aimed at parents and caregivers of children in this cohort. Objective: To develop and validate a questionnaire for assessing the manifestations and dynamics of stereotypes in ASD and ADHD in childhood, aimed at parents and guardians of children in this cohort, for further use in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: in accordance with international and Russian standards, a questionnaire was developed to assess the manifestations and dynamics of stereotypes and tested on a focus group of parents (legal representatives) of children diagnosed with ASD and PSD, followed by an assessment of the results of psychodiagnostic testing - reliability, validity and sensitivity of the results obtained. developed questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica, version 9.0. Results: according to the results of testing with the participation of a group of parents (legal representatives) of the selected cohort, the acceptability of the questionnaire and high validity rates were confirmed. The conducted factor analysis testifies to the adequacy of the grouping of questions of the questionnaire according to the expected factors and stable construct validity. Conclusion: the results obtained indicate the reliability, validity and sensitivity of the questionnaire for assessing the manifestations and dynamics of stereotypes in ASD and SDV in childhood and the possibility of its use in epidemiological studies both for clinical practice and for scientific purposes in the field of psychiatry.

Abstract Background The World Health Organization characterizes infertility as a disease since 2009; however, in many countries, reproductive health is not prioritized. Characterizing a target population and knowing the barriers to accessing reproductive care may allow for a broadening of the discussion on how to provide equal opportunities. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire that seeks to identify socioeconomic and cultural characteristics of Brazilian infertile couples to open the discussion on the principle of fair access to health. Methods (1) literature review in the main databases, (2) questionnaire elaboration by researchers within the areas of human reproduction and bioethics, concerned with content adequacy and comprehension, using the Google Forms online platform, (3) pilot study - the questionnaire was applied to 54 couples, over 18 years of age, that were seeking treatment for infertility and accepted to participate in the study and (4) statistical analysis - for continuous numerical variables, mean, standard deviation and 95% CI of the means were presented. For discrete numerical variables, median, interquartile range, minimum and maximum were presented. Results Forty-four questionnaires were fully completed and with adequate answers. The questionnaire proved to be objective and easy to understand. It was possible to obtain information on education, race of the couple, the impact of infertility on the couple’s life, socioeconomic conditions, and the main difficulties in accessing medical care for treatment of infertility. Conclusion The questionnaire proved to be feasible in collecting appropriate information to characterize a target population and the only limitation was that there was no academic expert evaluation prior to the pilot test.

In human-computer interaction, much empirical research exists. Online questionnaires increasingly play an important role. Here the quality of the results depend strongly on the quality of the given answers, and it is essential to distinguish truthful from deceptive answers. There exist elegant single modalities for deception detection in the literature, such as mouse tracking and eye tracking (in this paper, respectively, measuring the pupil diameter). Yet, no combination of these two modalities is available. This paper presents a combined approach of two cognitive-load-based lie detection approaches. We address study administrators who conduct questionnaires in the HCI, wanting to improve the validity of questionnaires.

Abstract Background Bespoke self-report resource-use measures (RUMs) are commonly developed or adapted for each new randomised controlled trial. Consequently, RUMs lack standardisation and validation is rarely conducted. A new generic RUM, ModRUM, has been developed using a rigorous process, including consultation with health economists and patients. ModRUM includes a concise core healthcare module, designed to be included in all trials, and depth-adding questions, which can replace or be added to core questions as needed. Modules covering other sectors are under development. The aim of this study was to test the acceptability, feasibility, and criterion and construct validity of the healthcare module of ModRUM. Methods Patients who had a recent appointment at their GP practice were invited to complete ModRUM (core module or core module with depth questions), a characteristics form and the EQ-5D-5L. Acceptability was assessed via response rates and questionnaire completion time. Feasibility was assessed by reviewing issues observed in participants’ responses and question completion rates. Construct validity was tested via hypothesis testing and known-group analyses, using Wilcoxon rank-sum and Kruskal–Wallis tests, and a generalised linear model. Criterion validity was tested by comparing ModRUM results with primary care medical records. Sensitivity, specificity, and agreement using Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (pc) were estimated. Results One hundred patients participated from five GP practices in the South-West of England. Acceptability was higher for the core module (20% versus 10% response rate). Question completion rates were high across both versions (> 90%). Some support was observed for construct validity, with results suggesting that healthcare costs differ dependent on the number of long-term conditions (p 0.83), while specificity varied (0.33–0.88). There was a good level of agreement for GP contacts and costs, and prescribed medication costs (pc > 0.6). Conclusion This study provided preliminary evidence of the acceptability, feasibility, and criterion and construct validity of ModRUM. Further testing is required within trials and with groups that were less well represented in this study.

Background: Medication non-adherence is a significant concern in tuberculosis (TB) treatment, requiring a precise understanding of the associated risk factors. However, there is a lack of appropriate means to assess the risk factors among TB patients in Indonesia, leading to the development and validation of a structured questionnaire for this purpose. Method: This study unfolded in two distinct phases, namely, the first included questionnaire construction through framework development, item generation, item screening, and pretesting (in 50 patients). The second comprised questionnaire validation with 346 participants using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling-partial least squares (SEMPLS). Additionally, reliability testing was conducted using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability statistical techniques. Results: In the development phase, 168 items were defined, consisting of sociodemographic characteristics (8 items) and risk factors for medication non-adherence (160 items). Expert evaluation reduced the number of items to 60, which decreased to 22 after performing a pilot study. Subsequent SEM-PLS modeling resulted in the identification of 14 valid items, representing five major risk factors, namely, socioeconomics (4 items), healthcare team (4 items), condition (3 items), therapy (2 items), and patient (1 item). Only conditionrelated factors were found to influence non-adherence, and all constructs showed good reliability based on Cronbach's alpha (>0.6) and composite reliability (0.7) values. Conclusion: The final 22 items that emerged from this rigorous process indicated a valid and robust questionnaire for assessing risk factors of medication nonadherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Indonesia. The developed questionnaire was positioned to be a valuable tool for healthcare professionals, policymakers, and scientists in creating patient-centered strategies and interventions to address non-adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of political-educational measures aimed at achieving total and effective equality between genders must be anchored in a realistic and updated analysis of the initial situation. To this end, it is essential that data collection be carried out in a reliable and contrasted manner. The aim of this work is to validate a questionnaire on the perception of co-responsibility in the young population. To this end, content validation was carried out by means of an adaptation of the Delphi method and the study of the Moriyama criteria. As a final phase, Cronbach's alpha and the explained variance were studied by means of different statistics. The results show the adequate structure of the questionnaire, as well as the quality and interpretability of its items. In the Cronbach's alpha tests, factor analysis, Bartlett's sphericity and the internal correlation of the components, acceptable results were presented, evidencing the strength of the instrument. Therefore, the results confirm the validity and reliability of the instrument, providing a reliable and easy-to-apply tool for evaluating the perception of co-responsibility in the young population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intimacy questionnaire by Birnie (2009; Birnie-Porter & Lydon, 2013) is a promising measure of relationship intimacy due to its strong theoretical background, the inclusion of lay conceptions and the differentiation of emotional and sexual intimacy. This study aimed to validate our German translation of Birnie's questionnaire, which we labeled Intimacy Scale (IS). In two independent samples (379 and 203 individuals), confirmatory factor analyses showed best support for a bifactor S-1 model, with a strong general intimacy factor and a small specific factor, capturing unique portions of the variance related to sexual intimacy. The general intimacy factor correlated very highly and to the point of redundancy with relationship quality. Taken together, the IS may be useful as measure of relationship quality with a general (intimacy) factor. Future research is needed to improve the factorial structure of the scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A subset of Covid-19 survivors will develop persisting health sequelae (i.e. Long Covid/LC or Post Covid/PC) similar to Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). In the absence of a reliable biomarker to diagnose LC/PC and ME/CFS, their classification based on symptoms becomes indispensable. Hence, we translated and validated the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire−2 (DSQ-2), to offer a screening tool for the German-speaking population. A sample of healthy adults, and adults with ME/CFS and LC/PC (N = 502) completed a reduced-item version of the DSQ-2 and SF-36 questionnaire online. We performed an exploratory factor analysis, assessed construct validity, diagnostic accuracy and compared the symptom profiles of individuals with ME/CFS versus LC/PC versus healthy adults. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a 10-factor solution with excellent internal consistencies. The sensitivity of the DSQ-2 was excellent. The specificity was moderate with moderate inter-rater reliability. Construct validity of the DSQ-2 was supported by strong negative correlations with physical health subscales of the SF-36. A visual comparison of the symptom profiles of individuals with ME/CFS versus LC/PC revealed a comparable pattern. Despite lower symptom severity, individuals with LC/PC reported significantly stronger limitations in general health and physical functioning and were more likely to meet ME/CFS diagnostic criteria with ongoing sickness duration, suggesting that ME/CFS can be considered a long-term sequela of LC/PC. This study offers a translated and validated version of the reduced-item DSQ-2 that can guide medical evaluation and aid physicians in identifying a ME/CFS-like subtype of LC/PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Adicciones is the property of Sociedad Cientifica Espanola de Estudios sobre el Alcohol and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to answer the following research questions: 1) What observable variables can create constructs stemming from technology acceptance theory, where the technology under study is electric cars? 2) Do the observable variables creating constructs such as economic utility, environmental utility, social pressure, perceived ease/difficulty of use, attitudes, promotions and regulations, intentions to use electric cars form scales with acceptable validity and reliability? 3) Which of the studied constructs significantly affect the intention to use electric cars? Design/methodology/approach: In order to achieve the stated purpose, literature research and empirical studies were conducted. The literature research was based on technology acceptance theory, which provided the theoretical basis for the questions for the survey, which was then conducted on a sample of 147 people. The obtained survey data were analyzed and used to: 1) validate the questionnaire scales that represent electric car acceptance factors and consist of observable variables; 2) model the factors affecting the acceptance of electric car technology. Structural Equation Modeling (pls-SEM) was used. Findings: We found sets of statements, or observable variables building scales based on technology acceptance theory, where the technology under study was electric cars. Not all of these scales are of acceptable accuracy and reliability. Scales for the constructs of attitudes and promotions proved problematic. Therefore, these scales must be reexamined in another study. The remaining scales, after removing or recoding some variables, can be considered acceptable. We built a model in which the construct of attitudes toward electric cars was not included, while all other constructs except social pressure and promotion of electric cars were found to significantly affect intentions to use electric cars. Research limitations / implications: The study sample was quite small, so we assume that our research will be repeated on a larger number of respondents. Practical implications: Nevertheless, we consider our results on the validation of the scales of economic and environmental utility, social pressure and perceived difficulty of using electric cars to be valid. The scales we have proposed may prove useful for studying the acceptance of electric cars. Originality/value: The originality of our article comes from a set of observable variables measuring constructs derived from Technology Acceptance Theory, where the technology under study is electric car technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]