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Urban forests are essential recreational spaces that enhance cultural heritage, foster social integration, and provide economic benefits through local tourism. Their significance for recreation has grown due to increased leisure time, better access to information, and heightened concerns about mental and physical well-being. This study seeks to evaluate social preferences for funding recreational activities in urban forests in Warsaw and Lisbon, focusing on their appearance and societal significance. Utilizing the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), the research assessed individuals' willingness to pay (WTP) for recreational access. Advanced techniques such as logistic regression and discriminant analysis were employed to identify the factors influencing WTP in Poland and Portugal. In Poland, WTP is primarily affected by preferences related to the appearance of forests, particularly the distinction between natural forests and those equipped with more infrastructure. In contrast, in Portugal, WTP tends to decrease with a greater appreciation for natural forests and a belief in the necessity of investing in urban forestry. The findings indicate that various social factors, such as the appearance of forests and perceived maintenance requirements, influence people's willingness to fund urban forests. However, conducting research with only younger respondents limits the ability to generalize these findings to older populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors analyse the impact of seasonality on the design of the environment of hotel facilities. As a case study, the Rest House for Employees of Lublin University of Technology in Kazimierz Dolny was chosen. The problem of variability of climatic conditions, and various forms of tourist activities, which require a flexible approach to design, allowing year-round use of space, is addressed. Both examples of space development in Poland and specific seasonal solutions for Kazimierz Dolny were discussed. An analysis of local conditions, including landscape values and cultural heritage of the city, was conducted. Proposals are presented for adapting the space around the rest house, taking into account the organization of spring and summer outdoor events, autumn cultural revival and winter recreational activities. Drawings of solutions for the recreational zones of the space around the Rest House of Lublin University of Technology are an integral part of the study. The article emphasizes that flexible space design can increase interest in the recreational facility and contribute to the development of the year-round offer of Kazimierz Dolny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The development of the sub-regions of the Republic of Crimea is characterized by a difference in the performance indicators of the enterprises of the tourism industry. The paper examines the differences in the efficiency of the activities of tourism enterprises in the Crimean subregions. Resource asymmetry in the region is considered as such reasons. Methodology. As a correlation with the territorial concentration of resources, the return on total capital is used, which characterizes the efficiency of the use of all assets of the enterprise. The study used methods of correlation analysis to establish this relationship, where the factor (cause) indicator is the resource asymmetry of the region. Other methods of statistical research (sampling, data grouping) and general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, systematization) were also used. Results. As a result of the study, one can note a higher efficiency of enterprises in subregions with a greater concentration of potential. Territorial concentration of potential characterizes unequal conditions for the development of enterprises in subregions. As a result, Greater Yalta, Greater Alushta and Feodosia are developing at a faster pace than other sub-regions of the Republic of Crimea. It has been established that subregions with a high level of concentration of natural and historical and cultural potential are characterized by a higher efficiency of tourism enterprises in the subregions. The result of assessing the dependence of the return on total capital and the level of territorial concentration of natural and historical and cultural potential turned out to be 0.73, which indicates a close connection between the indicators, assessed on the Chaddock scale. Conclusions. The results of the study can be used in planning the development of areas of activity and types of recreation in the Crimean territory in accordance with its resource asymmetry. This study is necessary to assess the prospects for the development of the tourism industry in the region as a whole. ДЛЯ ЦИТИРОВАНИЯ: Pavlenko I.G., Bukreev I.A. Subregional Features of Entrepreneurship Development in the Recreational Sphere // Research of Economic and Financial Problems. 2023. № 1. 2. http://doi.org/10.31279/2782-6414-2023-1-2-1-8

Riverside areas have substantial recreational and tourist assets, but their potential in the settlements of Wielkopolska is underused due to difficult access to the river and the poor development of the embankments. The aim of the research is to analyse the functional-spatial structure and the development of River Warta areas in the settlements of Wielkopolska with respect to their usefulness in recreation. Particular attention is paid to accessibility and the location of recreational infrastructure in the Warta Valley. Out of the eleven Wielkopolska settlements which were included, only in four – Konin, Śrem, Poznań and Sieraków – had sections of embankment boulevards been built. In the riverside areas there are few recreational facilities used in connection with the close proximity of the river. However, a great tourist asset of the Warta Valley is the Great Waterway Loop of Wielkopolska, which operates successfully due to the growing number of harbours and marinas in all the settlements included in the study.

In order to achieve a proper recreational use of urban forests, a specific infrastructure need to be designed, consisting on bike tracks, pathways, playgrounds, arrangements for areas designed for rest, meditation, education or arts, accessibility, etc. The social services provided by urban forests are for people, local communities and tourists who must be included in the decision – making process. Therefore, 146 organizations, grouped on 15 categories, defined as stakeholders and contacted in order to participate to a first meeting. In addition, with some participants other meetings followed leading to a first list of issues and measures, detailed in the paper, meant to enhance the recreational functions of near Brasov forests. The paper details, also, how to extract the needs of some stakeholder categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recreation pressure on natural resource settings, as well as the demand for new wind-energy production sites, is growing. In addition, extensive outbreaks of tree-killing insects are globally increasing. Protected-area managers are facing conflicts on proper land uses in and around their areas, and need information on visitor preferences for developing a land use policy for their area, accepted by the public. So far, little research has examined national park visitors’ responses to windmills and recreational infrastructures, visual changes in forest recreation settings resulting from forest insect infestations, high use pressures, and how visitors weigh trade-offs between these technical, biophysical, and socio-environment factors. This study explored national park visitor preferences with a discrete choice experiment that photographically simulated spruce forest stands with varying levels of recreational and technical infrastructures including the presence of windmills, bark beetle outbreaks, forest management practices, and visitor use levels. On-site surveys were conducted with visitors to the Bavarian Forest National Park in Germany (N = 514). Results revealed that the condition of the forest surrounding, followed by the presence of windmills, was the most important variable influencing visitors’ landscape preferences. Visitors preferred healthy mature forest stands and disliked forests with substantial dead wood, many windmills close to the viewpoint and high visitor numbers. Findings suggest that forest conditions and technical infrastructure are important concerns in addressing landscape preferences for forested protected areas and that trade-offs among these variables exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Riverside areas have substantial recreational and tourist assets, but their potential in the settlements of Wielkopolska is underused due to difficult access to the river and the poor development of the embankments. The aim of the research is to analyse the functional-spatial structure and the development of River Warta areas in the settlements of Wielkopolska with respect to their usefulness in recreation. Particular attention is paid to accessibility and the location of recreational infrastructure in the Warta Valley. Out of the eleven Wielkopolska settlements which were included, only in four - Konin, Śrem, Poznań and Sieraków - had sections of embankment boulevards been built. In the riverside areas there are few recreational facilities used in connection with the close proximity of the river. However, a great tourist asset of the Warta Valley is the Great Waterway Loop of Wielkopolska, which operates successfully due to the growing number of harbours and marinas in all the settlements included in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article there are analysed historic-sociocultural conditions of Palanga town development and planning peculiarities of Palanga town as a resort. These important aspects have been distinguished: target spacial structural changes in Palanga town and social factors making influence. On 29 May 1933 Palanga was provided with resort and town rights. However, planning peculiarities of Palanga town as a resort are begun to form when the counts Tiškevičiai were governing from the middle of the XIX century, when the town became a summer resort. While creating a resort different special structures were formed with professionally arranged resort part and architecture. Resort planning ideas are being analysed, such as town park, recreational, functional town model – Vanagupė’s resort as well as the resort’s expansion after restoring independence. In current Palanga resort’s development there was noticed a conflict of economical and natural interests, which makes threat to survival of the resort’s recreational attraction. Preparing an article it was referred to planning documents, iconographic material and to the authors, who analysed and arranged Palanga town planning process: V. Stauskas, M. Ptašek, L. Dringelis, P. Grecevičius, J. Bučas, and other authors’ works. Santrauka Straipsnyje analizuojamos istorinės-sociokultūrinės Palangos miesto raidos sąlygos ir Palangos miesto, kaip kurorto, planavimo savitumai. Išskiriami šie svarbūs aspektai: Palangos miesto planinės erdvinės struktūros pokyčiai ir poveikį darantys socialiniai veiksniai. 1933 m. gegužės 29 d. Palangai suteiktos kurorto ir miesto teisės, tačiau Palangos miesto, kaip kurorto, planavimo savitumai pradedami formuoti valdant grafams Tiškevičiams, nuo XIX amžiaus vidurio, kai miestelis tapo vasarviete. Kuriant kurortą susiformavo skirtingos planinės erdvinės struktūros su profesionaliai suplanuota kurortine dalimi ir architektūra. Analizuojamos kurorto planavimo idėjos, pavyzdžiui, miesto–parko, rekreacinis funkcionalistinio miesto modelis – Vanagupės kurortas bei kurorto plėtra atkūrus Nepriklausomybę. Dabartinės Palangos kurorto plėtros procese pastebimas ekonominių ir gamtinių interesų konfliktas, kuris kelia grėsmę kurorto rekreaciniam patrauklumui. Rengiant straipsnį, remtąsi teritorijų planavimo dokumentais, ikonografine medžiaga ir autorių, tyrusių bei organizavusių Palangos miesto planavimo procesą, darbais (žr. Stauskas 2012; Ptašek 1995, 2012; Dringelis 1988, 1989, 1995; Grecevičius 1986, 1988, 2006, 2014; Bučas 1990, 1995 ir kiti). Reikšminiai žodžiai: Didžioji Palanga, Senoji Palanga, giluminė – lizdinė sistema, istorinė sociokultūrinė raida, privatizacija, rekreacinė infrastruktūra.

Tourism and recreation are popular in natural areas but can damage plant communities, including those of high conservation value in protected areas. This includes impacts from recreational trails, but what type of trail has the most impact and why? We compared the impacts of five different trails (narrow, intermediate and wide bare earth trails, intermediate gravel trails and wide tarmac trails) on the endangered grey box grassy-woodland (Eucalyptus microcarpa (Maiden) Maiden) in Belair National Park near Adelaide in South Australia. First, the extent, width and area of recreational trails in the remnant woodland were mapped. Then, vegetation parameters were recorded in quadrats at three distances from the edge oftrails in the woodland, with 10 replicate sites per trail type and single quadrats at 10 control sites (i.e. total 60 sites, 160 quadrats). All trails resulted in vegetation loss on the trail surface and along the edges of the trails, as well as changes in vegetation composition, including reductions in shrubs and bulbs close to the trail. The most common types of trail were bare earth trails with an average width of 2.5 m (50% of trails) which resulted in the greatest soil loss (>88 000 m3) and vegetation loss (33 899 m2 or 3.4 ha) in the 167 ha woodland remnant overall. Wider (5.4 m) hardened tarmac trails, however, were associated with low species richness, high cover of exotic grasses and few herbs, shrubs and bulbs compared with vegetation away from trails and closer to other trails. Therefore a mixed approach to the provision of trails may be most appropriate, with hardened trails used in areas of highest use, but in some circumstances leaving trails unhardened may be more appropriate where they are likely to remain narrow and where there is less likely to be erosion and/or safety issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science: Future of Lithuania / Mokslas: Lietuvos Ateitis is the property of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article highlights the sources of recreational resources, scientific and methodological issues of their study, medical geographic analysis of recreational resources. It contains some historical information on recreation geography, sanatorium and resort facilities in Uzbekistan, as well as information on the Ammonxona Sanitary Center and its bolomological significance in Surkhandarya Region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Journal of Chernihiv State Institute of Economics & Management. Series 1, Economics is the property of Chernihiv State Institute of Economics & Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of research was the assessment of sport-recreational infrastructure in Sopot resort by its residents with reference to expectations resulting from free time needs. Adult residents of Sopot from different social groups were examined. It allowed to show variables (ways and sizes) and benefiting from free time groups included in three decades: 25-34 years, 35-44 years and 45-54 years. According to the line set in the Strategic Plan of Sopot city, development of tourism should contribute to increase of visitors, particularly off season and to laying out those arrivals during the year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on literature-based studies, as well as material collected by the author over more than 30 years on the shores of the Southeast Baltic Sea. In order to protect roads running along the shoreline from East Prussia to Königsberg, local shore reinforcement works commenced in the fifteenth century, although some individual attempts had been made before. In 1684, M. Ch. Hartknoch theoretically substantiated the necessity for, and methods of, shore reinforcement. The state of the shores deteriorated considerably during the Seven Years War (1756–1763), when woodlands growing along the shores were completely destroyed; hence, nearly 100 km length of the coast of the Kuršių Nerija (Curonian) sand spit was left without any vegetation. Aeolian sand buried as many as fourteen settlements. This situation forced the authorities to organise maintenance of the coast and the dunes at the governmental level, and to start the formation of an uninterrupted dune ridge. The second half of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century are notable for the extensive construction of new ports. Along the shores running from the Sambian Peninsula to the Gulf of Riga, eight port engineering structures had been constructed with the intervals of approximately 26 km between the ports of Klaipėda and Liepaja, and every 13 km between Palanga and Pape. Shore management measures were being implemented simultaneously, thus ensuring the functioning of the above-mentioned coastal protection structures and the reduction of impacts upon the shores. In the second half of the twentieth century, ports were dredged and developed significantly. Their entrance channels reduced the long-shore sediment transport. Moreover, total sand reserves in the shore zone also diminished. The processes of erosion of the beaches and the dune ridge made it necessary to actively reinforce the shore. A number of countries passed legal acts governing the protection and use of the shore zone. At the turn of the twenty-first century, the incompatibility of such priorities in human activities as sea transport and recreation with nature protection has become evident. The conflict of interests in the Kuršių Nerija National Park, the port of Klaipėda, and the resort of Palanga serve as good examples of such incompatibility. The conclusion that can be drawn that in twenty-first century is that the priorities in general coastal management should be as follows: harmonisation of interests among the states and individual fields of activities, as well as measures aimed at neutralisation of negative natural trends (higher frequency of storms, global rise of water level, etc.). The protective beach dune ridge will further play the role of efficient means for reducing shore erosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Some recreational activities in urban forests can cause extensive damage to soil and vegetation. In Switzerland, forest visitors frequently build fires outside picnic sites for barbecuing. This indicates that the existing picnic sites are either not attractive enough for these visitors, or that there are not enough sites for all the visitors during peak days. We used an on-site survey to assess the requirements of picnickers in two forest areas in the vicinity of Basle. Results showed that the existing picnic sites do not meet the requirements of some visitor groups, causing the respective visitors to make their own fires in locations that suit them better. There was a preference for sites near streams, away from forest roads and close to open spaces. Furthermore, while some visitors highly appreciated the well-equipped official sites, others preferred more natural infrastructure with pieces of stones forming a fire ring rather than concrete rims, and logs to sit on instead of benches. Picnic sites that are closer to the requirements of visitors who normally steer away from official sites might reduce the number of self-made fire rings. The study shows that understanding visitor behaviour is a prerequisite for the implementation of measures to reduce ecological impacts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article presents the results of research conducted in order to determine the comprehensibility (intelligibility) of the text of signs on educational paths in Warsaw's city forests. This evaluation was carried out with the use of an online IT tool—Promovolt. The obtained results were confronted with the assessment of users of educational paths and the opinion of an expert group, which consisted of people involved in the design of educational materials. The results indicate that the majority of the analyzed interpretative signs are dedicated to secondary school students because of the level of text comprehensibility. At the same time, 20% of the text is understandable only to recipients with higher education. This means that the educational paths in the urban forests of Warsaw, with interpretative signs allowing independent learning, do not sufficiently support the ecological education of children and youth from primary schools up to 15 years of age, as well as people with basic or vocational education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]