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Problematic anxiety in students impairs academic functioning. Teachers are often the first among school personnel to interact with these students, but they rarely receive training in evidence-based anxiety reduction strategies. This study assessed the feasibility of a brief teacher-administered school-home intervention (TAPES; Teacher Anxiety Program for Elementary Students) to reduce student anxiety symptoms. Eight elementary teachers completed a 1-day training and administered TAPES to 10 students with elevated symptoms of anxiety (M age: 8 years old; 50% female; 90% Caucasian). Feasibility of the intervention was assessed using several indicators, including training and intervention satisfaction as well as fidelity of implementation. Pre–post intervention student outcomes were collected from parents, students, and teachers. Results indicated that the majority of teachers were satisfied with the training and reported the intervention was feasible. Paired t-tests on pre–post outcome measures revealed significant reductions in student anxiety symptoms according to teachers and parents. Preliminary results suggest TAPES is feasible and helpful in reducing anxiety symptoms. Additional evaluation using a randomized controlled design is warranted.

Sectiocaesarea is an artificial childbirth, ie the fetus is born through an intact abdominal wall and uterine incision that is still intact with the requirement, that the uterus is intact and the fetus weighs above 500 gr.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hand-held relaxation techniques on anxiety reduction in caesarean sectio patients in the midwifery room of Kepahiang Regional Hospital in 2019.The design of this study used the pre-experimental method, with the One Group Pretest-Posttest design approach. The population used in this study was about 80 women giving birth with caesarean section from March to May 2019 in Kepahiang District Hospital. Samples were taken using 45 accidental sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, data normality test and bivariate analysis using Wilcoxon sign rank test.The results of the study were obtained from 45 patients before hand held finger relaxation that experienced mild anxiety by 22 respondents (48.9%), moderate anxiety by 11 respondents (24.4%) and severe anxiety by 12 respondents (26.7%), after they were performed there are 10 respondents (22.2%) not hand worried, 27 respondents (60.0%) have mild anxiety and 8 respondents (17.8%) have severe anxiety, there is an influence between finger grip relaxation with pre-operative patient anxiety cesarean section.It is expected to provide input to Kepahiang Regional Hospital regarding the effect of hand-held relaxation techniques on reducing anxiety in patients with Preoperative Caesarea in the Midwifery Room of Kepahiang Regional Hospital in 2019

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of psychocorrection based on the methods of self­regulation in athletes.Materials and methods: the effectiveness was evaluated on 104 male athletes who had an optimal level of psychoemotional state of the body during a background examination by electroencephalography (EEG). The subjects were randomly assigned to three groups of psychocorrection: control, EEGtraining, and VR­therapy. Mathematical and statistical processing was carried out in Statistica 7.Results: the average values of the wave intensity index (WII) after psychological correction using the following methods: EEG­training and VRtherapy showed positive EEG dynamics in athletes of the second group (EEG­training) 65,6 % (21) and the third group (Vr­therapy) 73,8 % (31) of the subjects, respectively. Whereas in the control group, self­healing was recorded in 9 (30 %) athletes without psychocorrection procedures.Conclusion: the quantitative criterion of WII is a universal informative indicator of the functional activity of the brain for evaluating the effectiveness of psychocorrection aimed at optimizing the psychoemotional state. Psychocorrection of athletes using EEG­training and VR­therapy provides efficiency in 73.8 and 65.6 % of cases, which significantly softens pre­start tension as a result of reducing anxiety and restoring the psychoemotional state of the body to an optimal level by involving the psychological reserve.

Anxiety is a common mental health disorder that affects many Americans yet often goes unrecognized or undertreated. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature to assist in determining which alternative and complimentary therapy, aerobic exercise or yoga, is most beneficial in reducing anxiety symptoms. The literature search process resulted in a total of 14 articles included in the review. Results indicate that yoga is more effective in decreasing anxiety symptoms than aerobic exercise. Health care providers can use this information to help recommend an alternative form of therapy for patients.

In this study, the authors evaluated the potential role of an activity-based guitar training program on reducing anxiety and providing fulfillment for younger relatives of cancer patients. Ten active members of KHYD (The Society for Relatives of Cancer Patients), between ages 11 and 17 participated in an 8-week guitar education program. The participants filled out two questionnaires before and after their engagement in the 8-week program, one to measure changes in their anxiety levels (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and the other to measure changes in their general fulfillment levels (Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale). Wilcoxon signed rank test, as well as descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of data. Mean rank differences were observed to be statistically significant with respect to total state and trait anxiety scores; in both cases, the participants’ scores decreased after their engagement in the program. Statistically significant mean rank differences were also observed in the overall MSLSS scores and its “friends” and “environment” sub-dimensions; with respect to these, participants’ scores increased after their engagement in the program. Recommendations for more comprehensive, larger-scale studies are given at the end.

This study examines the application of relaxation as a technique of counseling guidance to reduce anxiety in facing semester exams at STKIP Andi Matappa. The objectives of this study were: (1) to find out how the description of the implementation of systematic desensitization behavioral counseling techniques in reducing anxiety in facing student semester exams at STKIP Andi Matappa, (2) knowing how to describe the level of anxiety facing student semester exams before and after giving behavioral counseling of desensitization techniques systematic at STKIP Andi Matappa, and (3) knowing whether there is an effect of the application of systematic desensitization technique behavioral counseling on anxiety facing student semester exams at STKIP Andi Matappa. The results showed: (1) The level of student anxiety in facing the semester exams at STKIP Andi Matappa during the implementation of systematic desensitization technique behavioral counseling was in the very high category. (2) The level of student anxiety in facing semester exams at STKIP Andi Matappa during the implementation of systematic desensitization technique behavioral counseling is in the high category. (3) there is an influence on the level of student anxiety in facing the semester exams at STKIP Andi Matappa at the time of implementing the systematic desensitization technique behavioral counseling is in the low category.

Although previous research has indicated that emotions have a substantial impact on teacher well-being, research is lacking concerning the relationships between teachers' emotions, coping strategies, and quitting intentions. This current five-month, two-wave longitudinal study investigated the relations between these variables in a sample of 1086 Canadian teachers (female: 81.3%; Mage = 42). Results from cross-lagged analyses revealed that teachers' trait emotions corresponded with coping strategies and that trait emotions and coping strategies both corresponded with intentions to quit the teaching profession. Mediational latent change analyses further showed that baseline levels of teachers' anxiety corresponded with greater emotion-focused disengagement coping that, in turn, led to stronger intentions to quit the teaching profession. Finally, decreases in teachers' anxiety over time additionally corresponded with decreases in disengagement coping. Limitations and practical implications concerning the importance of providing meaningful support to teachers for reducing anxiety, improving coping, and reducing quitting intentions are discussed.

O Hatha Yoga consiste em posturas psicofísicas junto com o controle da respiração de uma maneira consciente, e parece promover vários benefícios físicos e psíquicos. Objetivo: avaliar o efeito de uma intervenção de 16 semanas com Hatha Yoga nos níveis de ansiedade e depressão em estudantes universitários. Métodos: Participaram deste estudo 17 indivíduos, com média de idade de 26,2 (±5,08) anos. Foi realizada uma intervenção de 16 semanas, duas vezes por semana com duração de 75 minutos. Uma anamnese foi aplicada e a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão foi utilizada para a avaliação dos sintomas pré e pós-intervenção. Resultados: Houve melhora nos níveis de ansiedade (p

Latar Belakang: Terapi psiko spiritual merupakan terapi yang berlandaskan faktor spiritual yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan keimanan individu terhadap tuhan untuk meningkatkan kekebalan dan daya tahan dalam menghadapi berbagai problematika. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas terapi psiko spiritual dzikir nafas dalam terhadap penuruan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien Tuberculosis Paru. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 15-19 September 2020. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pre Eksperimental dengan menggunakan pendekatan One Group Pre-Post test desain. Teknik pengambilan sample dengan non probability sampling yaitu incidental sampling. Populasi berjumlah 28 orang dengan jumlah sample sebanyak 21 orang dengan kecemasan. Analisa data menggunakan uji t-test. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil uji statisti t-test diperoleh efektifitas terapi psiko spiritual terhadap penurunan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien Tuberculosis Paru dengan terapi OAT value = 0,001 yang berarti nilai value

The objective of the study is to determine the effect of thought-stopping therapy on anxiety levels in adolescents living in earthquake-prone areas. This study used quasi-experiment pre-post test with control group, conducted in one of the earthquake-prone areas city in East Java. 112 respondents (the control and the intervention group) were included in the research. Both groups received nursing intervention. In addition to the nursing intervention, the intervention group was asked to use thought-stopping techniques. The HAM-A questionnaire was used to determine anxiety levels. A significant decrease in anxiety in both the control and intervention groups was demonstrated in the present study after the intervention. The intervention group experienced a decrease in the anxiety rating of 5.54, compared to the corresponding decrease in the control group of 2.79. Nursing intervention and thought-stopping are recommended as effective in reducing anxiety in adolescents living in earthquake-prone areas.

The prevalence of anxiety in the elderly is very high. Anxiety in the elderly is characterized by sleep disturbances, withdrawal and isolating behavior, and other compulsive behaviors. One form of behavior therapy is relaxation techniques. To determine the effect of progressive relaxation on reducing anxiety levels in the elderly in the nursing home. This study is quantitative with a quasi-experimental method. The study was conducted at the Dharma Bhakti Nursing Home in Surakarta in March 2019. The sample consisted of 17 elderly assigned to the experimental group and 17 elderly for the control group. The anxiety instrument used was Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and the tools used for relaxation were backrests or beds. The average results of the experimental group pre (17.29) post (7.24) p-value (0.001), the control group pre-mean (14.18), post (14.47) p-value (0.289). Progressive relaxation has a significant influence on reducing anxiety levels on the elderly.

Background Virtual reality (VR) is a computer technology that simulates the real world to allow users to communicate with a similar but artificial environment. VR technologies can be used in pregnancy to help mothers gain a better understanding of this significant yet stressful event. The aim of this study was to find and summarize VR applications to help pregnant women during their pregnancy and delivery. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched on November 11th, 2020 to access relevant studies. The following data were extracted from the collected studies: first author’s name, year of publication, country, type of study, sample size, study objective, VR components (hardware and software), data gathering method, and study outcomes. Through a descriptive summary and analysis, the results eventually presented. Results Nine studies were included in this study. Four studies (44.5%) had used VR technology to reduce the anxiety of pregnant women, four studies (44.5%) had applied VR for decreasing delivery pain, and one study (11%) used VR for exercise trainings. Five studies (56%) used VR headsets and three studies (33.5%) used VR glasses. Most studies showed that VR was a useful method to be used for different purposes in both pregnancy and delivery (n = 8, 89%). Conclusion The use of VR technology for pregnancy has been increasing in recent years. This technology has different applications in pregnancy, from reducing anxiety and pain to exercise training. However, more studies are required to reach a general common understanding about the efficacy of VR during pregnancy and delivery.

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A tudományos szakirodalomban számos kérdés fogalmazódik meg a pajzsmirigybetegségeket befolyásoló pszichológiai tényezőkről. Kevés tanulmány készült a pajzsmirigybetegségek és a megküzdési stratégiák kapcsolatáról. Célkitűzés: Jelen tanulmányunk célja felmérni a megküzdési stratégiák, a depresszió és a szorongás szintjének változásait a pajzsmirigybetegek (hyperthyreosis és hypothyreosis) esetében a gyógyszeres kezelés (Thyrozol és Euthyrox) hatására. Módszer: A betegeket a szakorvos diagnózisa, illetve a TSH- és fT4-szint alapján hyperthyreosis- (n = 10) és hypothyreosis- (n = 21) csoportba soroltuk. Mindkét csoport tagjait az endokrinológiai kezelés előtt és után pszichológiai felmérésnek vetettük alá. A felmérés során a megküzdési stratégiák felméréséhez a következő skálákat alkalmaztuk: Kognitív Érzelem Szabályozás Kérdőív (Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire – CERQ), Hobfoll-féle Megküzdési Stratégia Kérdőív (Strategic Approach to Coping Scale – SACS). A Beck Depresszió Kérdőívet (Beck Depression Inventory – BDI-II) alkalmaztuk a depresszió felmérésére, az Állapot- és Vonásszorongás Kérdőívet (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Form Y – STAI-Y) a szorongás szintjének felmérésére. Eredmények: A két csoport pszichológiai és laboreredményeit összehasonlítottuk a gyógyszeres kezelés előtt és után. Mind a hyperthyreosisban, mind a hypothyreosisban szenvedő betegeknél magas volt a depresszió és a szorongás szintje. A hyperthyreosisban szenvedő betegeknél a depresszió magasabb. A gyógyszeres kezelés után a depresszió és a szorongás szintje csökkent mindkét csoportban, a megküzdési stratégiák többnyire változatlanok maradtak. Következtetések: Pajzsmirigybetegeknél a kognitív viselkedésbeli pszichoterápiás beavatkozás a gyógyszeres kezelés kiegészítő alternatívája lehet a szorongás és a depresszió szintjének csökkentése és a diszfunkcionális megküzdési stratégiák módosítása szempontjából. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(7): 262–268. Summary. Introduction: There is a high interest in the scientific literature in psychological factors that influence the course of thyroid disease. There are a few studies on the link between thyroid disease and coping strategies. Objective: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the manifestation of depression, anxiety and coping strategies in people with thyroid disease and the impact of endocrinological medication on these psychologic items. Method: The patients were grouped into two groups, hyperthyroid (n = 10) and hypothyroid (n = 21), according to the diagnosis established by the attending physician, TSH and fT4 level. Patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were evaluated before and after endocrinological treatment with the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Strategic Approach to Coping Scale (SACS) for the evaluation of coping strategies, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for assessing the level of depression, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Form Y (STAI-Y) for assessing anxiety. These two groups have been compared. Results: The psychological and laboratory results of the two groups were compared before and after drug treatment. Both patients with hyperthyroidism and with hypothyroidism had high levels of depression and anxiety. In hyperthyroidism, depression is more severe. Following treatment with Thyrozol and Euthyrox, the level of depression and anxiety decreases in patients with hyper- and hypothyroidism; the coping strategies remained almost unchanged. Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapeutic intervention could be supplementary to drug treatment in terms of reducing anxiety, depression, and modifying dysfunctional coping strategies for patients with thyroid diseases. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(7): 262–268.

Introduction Anxiety and depression among implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) recipients can lead to physical or psychological consequences and reduce the quality of life of these patients. Few studies have compared the frequency and severity of depressive and anxiety disorders in the pacemaker (PM) and ICD recipients. The aim of the present study was to compare depression and anxiety among PM and ICD recipients. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 296 patients referred to a specialized cardiology teaching hospital from October 1, 2019 to July 1, 2020. Patients were selected using convenience sampling method. Results Regarding anxiety, the results showed that the overall prevalence of anxiety in PM, ICD, and control groups was 23.5%, 28%, and 8%, respectively. Results showed no significant difference between PM and ICD recipients regarding the anxiety prevalence (p = .46). With regard to depression, the results showed that the overall prevalence of depression in the PM, ICD, and control groups was 7.1%, 23%, and 4.1%, respectively. The results showed a significant difference between PM and ICD recipients in terms of depression prevalence (p = .03). The results also showed that the prevalence of depression was significantly higher among PM and ICD recipients than the control group (p = .01). Conclusion Considering the results of the present study and the high prevalence of anxiety and depression, it seems necessary to focus more on educating patients about the effectiveness of PM and ICD devices in reducing anxiety and depression.

Fear of orofacial interventions is a very common problem. Procedural sedation and/or analgesia (PSA) offers added value in reducing anxiety, pain and discomfort. At the Radboud University Medical Centre (Nijmegen, the Netherlands) PSA is conducted under the guidance of physician assistants, resulting in a high degree of patient satisfaction. In this study, the 115 surgeons' satisfaction with PSA procedures for outpatient orofacial surgical interventions was evaluated by means of questionnaires. The study's conclusion is that oral and maxillofacial surgeons are highly satisfied when PSA is administered to very anxious patients. The collaboration with the department of anaestesiology ensures that the outpatient interventions can be performed safely and efficiently by the oral and maxillofacial surgeon.Angst voor orofaciale behandelingen is een veel voorkomend probleem. Procedurele sedatie en/of analgesie (PSA) biedt een meerwaarde om angst, pijn en ongemak te reduceren. In het Radboudumc wordt PSA uitgevoerd door physician assistants, resulterend in een hoge mate van patiënttevredenheid. Met dit onderzoek is de chirurgentevredenheid van 115 PSA-procedures bij poliklinische kaakchirurgische behandelingen geëvalueerd door middel van vragenlijsten. De conclusie van het onderzoek is dat er een hoge tevredenheid is bij mka-chirurgen wanneer PSA wordt toegediend bij extreem angstige patiënten. De samenwerking met de afdeling anesthesiologie zorgt ervoor dat de kaakchirurgische behandelingen poliklinisch op een veilige, doelmatige en efficiënte manier kunnen worden uitgevoerd door een mka-chirurg.

The use of audio-visual and audio distraction tools can lead to the improvement of the quality of treatment and benefit both the dentist and the patient. It is of interest to evaluate the anxiety levels using audio and audio-visual distraction aids during pedodontic care. We collected data on 30 children between 6 to 12 years old. Subjects were randomly assigned into three groups of ten each. The three groups were control group, audio distraction group and audio-visual distraction group. The pulse rate of all the patients were assessed, Venham’s picture test and Venham’s Clinical Rating scale was recorded for all the subjects during the first and second visits. A statistically significant (p

Objective To investigate self-assessments of emotional state and behavioral strategies to reduce stress related to coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in HIV-infected patients and healthcare workers Subjects and methods A questionnaire survey covered 192 respondents: 67 healthcare workers in Moscow (Group 1), 79 HIV-infected patients (Group 2), and 46 respondents in the comparison group (Group 3) Results When assessing the risks for COVID-19 infection, the respondents in Group 1 more commonly reported an increased infection risk (34 32%) When answering a question indicator, the respondents in Group 2 more often chose the option of the same risk as most people ( 72 15%) This group was noted to have also the largest share of risk denial (18 98%) 78 26% of the respondents in the comparison group considered the risk of getting coronavirus infection to be the same as the majority of people The median self-assessment of emotional state in relation to coronavirus among the respondents in Group 2 (9 0 [5 0;8 0] points) was statistically significantly higher than that in Group 1 (6 0 [5 0;8 0]points;p < 0 001) and in Group 3 (6 0 [5 0;8 0] points;p

Purpose While virtual reality (VR) has been shown to be an effective distractor in children across a range of procedures, no studies have looked at its use within paediatric orthopaedics. The purpose of this study was to look at the use of VR in reducing anxiety levels in children during cast removal. In addition, the study aimed to find ways to enhance the efficiency of future VR trials in paediatrics. Methods A non-blinded randomized control trial took place in children aged four to 18 years. Intraprocedural anxiety was measured using the Children's Emotional Manifestation Scale (CEMS), while pre- and post-procedural anxiety was measured using the Short State Anxiety Inventory Scale. Additional data was collected on trait anxiety, nausea levels, desire for future VR use and areas of improvement for future VR studies. Results A total of 90 subjects were included in the study (control n = 45, intervention n = 45) with a mean age of 10.25 years (sd 3.35). Post-procedural anxiety and intraprocedural anxiety were 18% (p = 0.03) and 24% (p = 0.01) lower in the VR group, respectively, with the CEMS facial component showing a 31% (p < 0.001) reduction in the VR group. In all, 99% (n = 89) of subjects experienced no nausea, with one patient experiencing mild nausea that may have been present prior to VR use. Finally, 90% (n = 81) of subjects said they would like to use VR again, 1% (n = 1) said ‘no’ and 9% (n = 8) said ‘maybe’. Conclusion VR appears to be an effective distraction technique in reducing anxiety levels in children during cast removal.

Extensive research has been published on the effects of music in reducing anxiety. Yet, for most of the existing works, a common methodology regarding musical genres and measurement techniques is missing, which limits considerably the comparison between them. In this study, we assess, for the first time, markedly different musical genres with both psychological and physiological measurements. Three previously studied musical samples from different genres—classical (Pachelbel’s Canon in D), Turkish (Hüseyin Makam), and electroacoustic (pure electronic)—were employed to influence “everyday anxiety” in 50 German participants (25 females, 25 males). Psychological (self-perception assessment) and physiological (heart rate measurement) indicators of anxiety, as most typical of prior work, were considered. Our study shows that listening to Pachelbel’s Canon increases the self-perception of calm, whereas listening to the electroacoustic sample decreases it; the Turkish sample is in between. No differences in heart rate are found for any of the musical genres. Our study also suggests that listeners’ self-perception might be biased by the statements used in the psychological evaluation (positive or negative), which are interpreted differently by the subjects depending on their current state.

Anxiety can be overcome by non-pharmacological anxiety management, for example by relaxation therapy, which is a therapy that is often used to overcome anxiety or negative emotions using various types of relaxation. The purpose of this literature review is to examine the results of the past 10 years of research related to the effect of relaxation therapy on reducing anxiety in post-sectio caesarean mothers. The method used in the preparation of a literature review is to search for several articles by searching through nursing journals, science direct, google scholar, Pubmed, and EBSCO. The results of 8 previous research articles showed that relaxation therapy was effective in reducing maternal anxiety levels. Although there are various types of relaxation techniques autogenic relaxation has a medium-high effect size and is recommended for dealing with anxiety compared to other relaxation techniques

Dialysis causes many psycho-social problems in patients with chronic renal failure and decreases their quality of life by increasing their anxiety. We aimed to determine the influence of artistic activities on quality of life and reducing or eliminating dialysis anxiety.Methods. Among 180 hemodialysis patients, 8 patients were randomly selected as a study group and 8 patients as a control group. We performed our theater rehearsals in 16 sessions, two hours per week. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), STAII and Social Anxiety Scales (SAS) were employed in both groups before and after the play. Results. The means of the eighth-month SAS fear and avoidance measures of the study group were found to be significantly lower than the control group and significantly lower than the baseline. The mean difference of the initial eighth-month SAS fear and avoidance in the study group was statistically significantly higher than the control group.Initial and eighth month SAS fear and avoidance difference averages of the study group were found statistically significantly higher than the control group.Conclusions. We determined that the therapies to be done with art have an important place in relieving or reducing anxiety in hemodialysis patients. In addition, it was the opinion that our patients would make positive contributions to their quality of life. However, further studies are needed to demonstrate whether theater rehearsals reduce anxiety in hemodialysis patients.

Objective: Spiritual intelligence is manifested when a person spends his life in complete spirituality. Anxiety and test anxiety are among the most common psychological and emotional problems during student life that have a negative impact on students' mental health and academic performance. Therefore, this study was conducted to explain the role and relationship between spiritual intelligence and hidden anxiety and test anxiety. Methods: This analytical study was performed on 503 nursing and midwifery students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran (2018) using the available sampling method. King spiritual intelligence scale, Sarason's test anxiety scale, and Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire were used to collect data. To analyze the data, statistical methods of path analysis and correlation coefficients were used. Results: The overall effect of test anxiety variable on spiritual intelligence variable is 0.1632 and the overall effect of hidden anxiety variable on spiritual intelligence variable is -0.07. Spiritual intelligence has a significant relationship with test anxiety, so that with increasing mental intelligence, test anxiety is decreased. While in the case of significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and hidden anxiety, with increasing spiritual intelligence, hidden anxiety is also increased. There was no significant relationship between hidden anxiety and test anxiety. The two variables of hidden anxiety and test anxiety have a very weak effect on spiritual intelligence. The effect of hidden anxiety is not significant at all, and the effect of test anxiety is very weak, although being significant. Conclusion: High spiritual intelligence indicates lower test anxiety, while it is inversely related to hidden anxiety. As a result, high spiritual intelligence does not indicate less hidden anxiety in individuals. So it cannot be said for sure that spiritual intelligence plays an important role in reducing anxiety.

المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة إلى قياس مدى فعالية برنامج إرشادي في تحسين دافعية الإنجاز الأکاديمي لدى طلبة قسم التربية الخاصة منخفضي المعدل بجامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية، والتعرف على تأثير هذا البرنامج في خفض قلق المستقبل لدى طلبة قسم التربية الخاصة منخفضي المعدل بجامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية، وتکونت عينة الدراسة من (32) طالبا من طلاب قسم التربية الخاصة بجامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية مثلوا المجموعة التجريبية؛ ويتراوح العمر الزمني للطلاب من 18 إلى 19 سنة، وذلک بطريقة عمدية، واستخدم الباحثان المنهج شبه التجريبي، وتم تطبيق مقياس دافعية الإنجاز لدى طلاب الجامعة (إعداد/ الباحثان)، ومقياس قلق المستقبل لدى طلاب الجامعة (إعداد/ الباحثان)، والبرنامج الإرشادي (إعداد/ الباحثان). وأسفرت نتائج الدراسة عن فعالية البرنامج المستخدم في تحسين دافعية الإنجاز الأکاديمي مما کان له أثر في خفض قلق المستقبل لدى المشارکين، حيث توصلت النتائج إلى وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى (0,01) بين متوسطات رتب درجات المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين القبلي والبعدي على مقياس دافعية الإنجاز– وأبعاده الفرعية - وذلک لصالح القياس البعدي، ووجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى (0,01) بين متوسطات رتب درجات المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين القبلي والبعدي على مقياس قلق المستقبل – وأبعاده الفرعية - وذلک لصالح القياس القبلي. کما توصلت النتائج إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين البعدي والتتبعي لمقياسي دافعية الإنجاز وقلق المستقبل، مما يعني استمرار بقاء أثر البرنامج الإرشادي. Abstract: The current study aims to measure the effectiveness of a counseling program in improving the motivation of academic achievement among low-achieving students of the Department of Special Education at Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University. It also attempts to identify the impact of this program in reducing the rates of the students’ future anxiety. The sample of the study consists of (32) purposefully sampled students from the Department of Special Education at Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University who represent the experimental group. The age range of the students is from 18 to 19 years. The quasi-experimental approach was selected for this study. In addition, the researchers developed the following measurement scales for testing the research variables: an achievement motivation scale, a measurement of future anxiety, and the counseling program. The study results show that an academic advising program was effective in increasing academic achievement and reducing anxiety over the future. The results of the study show the effectiveness of the program in improving the participants’ motivation toward academic achievement, which ultimately leads to the reduction of future anxiety among the participants. Moreover, the results reveal that there are statistically significant differences at the level of (0.01) between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pre and post measurements of the Motivation achievement scale - and its sub-dimensions - in favor of the post-measurement. Furthermore, it shows statistically significant differences at the level of (0.01) between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pre- and post-measurements of the future anxiety scale - and its sub-dimensions - in favor of the pre-measurement. The results also show no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group in the two dimensions: the successive measures of achievement motivation and future anxiety measures, which indicates the continuing impact of the counseling program.

One of the recommended treatments for reducing anxiety is spiritual care. This study surveys the effect of prayer painting on spiritual life and anxiety in 7–11-year-old children with immunodeficie...

Introduction. International research works have revealed that Russian children and teenagers tend to have one of the highest anxiety levels in the world. Anxiety at school can be a risk factor causing certain diseases. Purpose. To assess the relation between anxiety at school and morbidity among boys attending 5-11 grades at secondary schools in the Perm region. Material and methods. We conducted our research in spring 2019 in two secondary schools in the Perm region (in Perm and Kungur). Anxiety at school was estimated with F. Taylor questionnaire modified by N.M. Peisakhov (there were 30 statements in it that characterized various anxiety parameters; children filled it themselves). Morbidity was assessed by analyzing children’s medical profiles kept at schools (0.26/u-2000 form) and clinical examinations performed by medical experts. To establish a relation between certain anxiety parameters and morbidity, we applied non-parametric Spearman’s correlation test. To assess the risks of diseases for children with different anxiety levels, we applied the odds ratio (OR). Results and discussion. We revealed the greatest number of relations between anxiety and endocrine diseases, nutritional disorders, and metabolic disorders. Children who were anxious about controlling their knowledge were nervous, stress-filled, and had no self-confidence, authentically more frequently suffered from overweight, obesity, and protein-energy deficiency as well. This relation can be mediated with emotion-induced nutrition behavior which is especially typical for teenagers. Children who were anxious about controlling their knowledge and had no self-confidence (assessed as per three parameters) ran higher risks of functional dyspepsia than those who didn’t have anxiety. The same relations were detected regarding disorders in the immune mechanism and nervous system diseases. These relations can be explained by looking into psychosomatic mechanisms of disease occurrence. Established relations between anxiety and diseases of the eyes, respiratory organs, and musculoskeletal system more likely indicate that children and teenagers with somatic pathologies run higher risks of anxiety at school. Conclusion. It is necessary to perform complex activities aimed at reducing anxiety at school among schoolchildren attending secondary schools; their activities should involve the participation of medical experts with a wide range of specialties as well as parents.

Clerkship students feel increased anxiety and lack of confidence when it comes to surgery. This study assessed whether participation in Surgical Exploration And Discovery (SEAD), a 2-week intensive surgical program that includes career information, simulation workshops, and operating room observerships, would help decrease anxiety, increase confidence, and foster interest in a surgical career.This study took place at The Ottawa Hospital in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.Thirty first year medical students were randomly selected for the SEAD program and 32 were only given the program's instruction manual during the duration of the program serving as the control. At baseline and after the completion of SEAD, both groups were given a survey containing the State Trait Anxiety Inventory that measures self-reported anxiety levels with an adjunct that gauges confidence and interest in a surgical career.Students who participated in the program showed significant improvements in self-perceived knowledge and confidence for each surgical skill: scrubbing (p-value0.001, p-value0.001), maintaining sterility (p-value0.001, p-value0.001), and surgical assisting (p-value0.001, p-value0.001). However, there was no difference in the average state anxiety with procedural skills (p-value = 0.190) between students who participated in SEAD and those who did not. Students who completed SEAD had a notable increase in their interest in pursuing a career in surgery compared with their pretest (p-value = 0.020) and compared with the control group (p-value = 0.600).The SEAD program may increase medical students' confidence and interest in pursuing a surgical career. These results encourage offering medical students with similar opportunities that provide exposure to surgery in preclerkship.

During the pandemic of COVID-19 that has stricken almost the whole world, including Indonesia, Pancasila as Indonesia’s solid foundation should and could be implemented in the effort of reducing anxiety and fear among the people. When practiced wholeheartedly, the five principles are effective weapons to combat every obstacle caused by COVID-19. The challenges of being different in term of race, religion, and culture may not be impossible to handle because Pancasila lives in the heart of the people of Indonesia. This article aims to see each sila as our guidance in facing the pandemic that may still threaten humanity in the next several months, as well as encouraging us to learn and be transformed, seeing the future with optimism. Optimism, which can take the value of unity in diversity, will give great hope for all components in the society, when we as citizens are able to integrate the values with our character.

Lavender essential oil is one of the famous essential oils which is used in aromatherapy. Lavender oil is known to relieve psychological problems and also helps in treating fungal infections, allergies, insomnia, etc. Lavender oil possesses certain properties like antibacterial, antifungal and antidepressant. Lavender oil is found to be useful in the treatment of acute as well as chronic pain. Thus the aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and awareness about the benefits of the lavender oil among people. A questionnaire comprising 10 questions was posted on an online survey platform. The data collection was done through Google forms and the statistical software used for the analysis included the SPSS software. Descriptive analysis was used. In this study, 69% of the people were aware that lavender oil helps in reducing anxiety and 78% of them believed that lavender oil is good for skin. From this survey, it is evident that the majority of them were aware about uses and medicinal benefits of lavender oil. The present study assessed the knowledge and awareness about the benefits of lavender oil among people, by using a survey on one hundred persons. This survey may help the people to use lavender oil in day to day life and thereby they can improve their mental health and relax themselves.

This study investigated the prevalence and determined forms of intimate partner abuse (IPA) common to undergraduates of Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. It also investigated the gender differentials (Gender Symmetry and Asymmetry) in the perpetration of IPA among undergraduates and assessed the therapeutic effectiveness of self-talk therapy in reducing anxiety associated with IPA. The study adopted a mixed-method research design incorporating both descriptive survey and pretest-posttest control group experimental research designs. The sample for the descriptive survey was 1,448 undergraduates using the Sample Determination Table (Bartlett, II, Kotrlik & Haggins, 2001), which represents 6.5% of the total of undergraduates in OAU. The sample for the experimental stage of the study consisted of 32 undergraduates victims of IPA induced anxiety. Questionnaire on Prevalence and Types of Intimate Partner Abuse (QPTIPA) was used to collect data for the first stage of the study while the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to determine the levels of anxiety experienced by undergraduate victims of intimate partner abuse. Self-talk therapy was administered on the victims of IPA induced anxiety. The results showed that more females experienced intimate partner abuse of 74.76%, than male victims at 25.24%. The results also showed that “Stalking”, “Exploring partner's vulnerability/disability/status”, “Presenting false information with intent to exploit partner” were the first three in rank of the forms of IPA common among the undergraduates with RSI scores of 0.547, 0.529, and 0.527 respectively. The three least common forms were “beating”, “physically restraining Partner’s movement” and “forcing partner to have sex with someone else” with RSI scores of 0.475, 0.465, and 0.406 respectively. The study further revealed that Self-talk therapy has a significant effect (F (1, 64) = 63.360, p < 0.05) in reducing anxiety induced by IPA.Dr

Background: Low- and moderate-intensity exercise training has been shown to be effective for reducing general anxiety and anxiety sensitivity among adults with asthma. Exercise frequency and intensity have been shown to play an integral role in reducing anxiety sensitivity; however, less is known about the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on anxiety in adults with asthma. Methods: A 6-week HIIT intervention was conducted with adults with asthma. Participants completed HIIT (10% peak power output for 1 min, 90% peak power output for 1 min, repeated 10 times) 3 times per week on a cycle ergometer. Preintervention and postintervention assessments included the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 and the Body Sensations Questionnaire. Results: Total Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (PRE: 17.9 [11.8]; POST 12.4 [13], P = .002, Cohen d = 0.4, n = 20) and Body Sensations Questionnaire (PRE: 2.4 [1.0]; POST: 2.0 [0.8], P = .007, Cohen d = 0.3) improved from preintervention to postintervention. Conclusion: A 6-week HIIT intervention leads to improved anxiety among adults with asthma. Future research should determine the impact of HIIT among adults with asthma with clinical anxiety.

Background: Spontaneous abortion is the most common complication of pregnancy which is considered an unfavorable experience both physically and psychologically. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of group counseling through cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the anxiety of pregnant women with a history of spontaneous abortion. Methods: This study was randomized clinical trial type, in which convenient sampling was performed to select 64 subjects from healthcare centers in Arak province. After receiving written consent from the participants, the sampling was performed and the subjects were categorized randomly into two 32-subject groups as intervention and control. The intervention was performed as six 60- min sessions through cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Control group, however, only routine cares of pregnancy were provided. For data collection, The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was utilized at the beginning and end of the study. Then, the collected information was analyzed by SPSS 21 through paired t-test, independent t-test. Results: The mean anxiety after the intervention in the intervention and control groups was 65.13±8.11 and 75.91±5.56, respectively, whereby a significant difference was observed between the two groups (p≤0.05). Conclusion: It seems that women with a previous history of abortion require psychological support during pregnancy. It is recommended that the skills of midwives also be improved to psychologically support these women.

This research set out to investigate the effect of pilates method to reduce anxiety for pregnant women, especially in third trimester. Hypothesis proposed: there is anxiety difference for pregnant women in third quarter between control group and experimental group. Subject of research contains pregnant women who check their pregnancy at private childbirth clinic in Yogyakarta. On the basic of medical record data, it was obtained that eight pregnant women meeting research criteria, that was: first pregnancy and entered third trimester data collection methods used were personal quesioner, pregnancy anxiety scale. Analysis technique used U Mann – Whitney test. To see the differences of anxiety condition before and after treated with Pilates method in experimental group, Wilcoxon Rank Test was used. As results, it has been shown that (Z = -1.964; p 0.05). Experimental group’s anxiety level is lower (mean = 62.33) than control group’s anxiety level (mean = 100.33). Experimental group, in particular, has been proved that movements in Pilates method for pregnancy were effective in reducing anxiety in facing first pregnancy in third trimester (t = 7.821; p 0.05) with mean before = 95.00; mean after = 62.33. So pilates method effective to reduce anxiety for pregnant women in third trimester.

Background: Interest in delivering psychological interventions within schools to facilitate early intervention is increasing. However, most reviews have focused on universal or preventative programmes rather than interventions designed to decrease existing symptoms of depression or anxiety. This paper aims to provide a meta-analytic review of randomised controlled trials of indicated psychological interventions for young people aged 10-19 with elevated symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. \ud Methods: Eight electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to April 2019 for eligible trials. Study quality was assessed using two scales designed to evaluate psychotherapy intervention trials. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted separately for trials that recruited participants based on symptoms of depression and based on symptoms of anxiety.\ud Results: Data from 45 trials were analysed. Most interventions studied used cognitive and behavioural strategies. Few studies met methodological quality criteria, but effect size was not associated with study quality. Indicated school-based interventions had a small effect on reducing depression symptoms (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI -0.48, -0.21) and a medium effect on reducing anxiety symptoms (SMD=-0.49, 95% CI -0.79, -0.19) immediately post-intervention. Subgroup analyses indicated that interventions delivered by internal school staff did not have significant effects on symptoms. Reductions in depression were maintained at short-term (≤6 months) but not medium (>6 months ≤12) or long-term (>12 month) follow up. Reductions in anxiety symptoms were not maintained at any follow up. \ud Conclusions: Indicated school-based interventions are effective at reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescents immediately post-intervention but there is little evidence that these reductions are maintained. Interventions delivered by school staff are not supported by the current evidence-base. Further high quality randomised controlled trials incorporating assessment of longer-term outcomes are needed to justify increased investment in school-based interventions for adolescent depression and anxiety.

Aim: Virtual Reality (VR) is the artificial depiction of a three-dimensional (3D) environment using computer-generated technology which allows users to interact with a simulated setting. VR has been used in a variety of clinical scenarios due to its efficacy as a distraction intervention, reducing anxiety and pain associated with medical procedures. The aim of this review is to provide clinicians with an overview of VR use in clinical dermatology.Methods: A search on VR use in clinical dermatology was conducted using PubMed Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.Gov in July 2019. Results related to burn care were excluded.Results: This review identifies studies that utilized VR in the management of skin diseases and discusses considerations for its future use.Conclusion: The findings of these studies indicate that VR has beneficial effects as a complementary tool in the treatment of dermatological conditions.

Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) is a surgical procedure to treat benign prostate hyperplasia. The planned surgical procedure will make the patient feel anxious. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Islamic-based preoperative teaching on the anxiety level of TUR-P preoperative patients in the Azzara 2 hospital room. Islam Jemursari Surabaya. Quasi-experimental research design with a pre and post-test control group design approach. The sample size used 24 residential respondents, which were then divided into 12 respondents in the intervention group and 12 respondents in the control group. The procedure is performed when the patient is hospitalized until near the operation. Data collection was carried out by measuring the level of anxiety before and after the Islamic-based preoperative teaching. Data were then analyzed using the Willcoxon and Mann Whitney tests. The results showed that Islamic-based preoperative teaching affected reducing anxiety levels in pre-operative patients. TUR-P analysis of the Mann-Whitney test showed a p-value of 0.002. The conclusions of the study show that Islamic-based preoperative teaching can reduce patient anxiety levels, nurses should be able to apply Islamic-based preoperative teaching to overcome anxiety experienced by patients before surgery.Keywords: TUR-P, Islami Preoperative Teaching, Anxiety