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Big Data communication researchers have highlighted the need for qualitative analysis of online science conversations to better understand their meaning. However, a scholarly gap exists in exploring how qualitative methods can be applied to small data regarding micro-bloggers' communications about science articles. While social media attention assists with article dissemination, qualitative research into the associated microblogging practices remains limited. To address these gaps, this study explores how qualitative analysis can enhance science communication studies on microblogging articles. Calls for such qualitative approaches are supported by a practical example: an interdisciplinary team applied mixed methods to better understand the promotion of an unorthodox but popular science article on Twitter over a 2-year period. While Big Data studies typically identify patterns in microbloggers' activities from large data sets, this study demonstrates the value of integrating qualitative analysis to deepen understanding of these interactions. In this study, a small data set was analyzed using NVivo™ by a pragmatist and MAXQDA™ by a statistician. The pragmatist's multimodal content analysis found that health professionals shared links to the article, with its popularity tied to its role as a communication event within a longstanding debate in the health sciences. Dissident professionals used this article to support an emergent paradigm. The analysis also uncovered practices, such as language localization, where a title was translated from English to Spanish to reach broader audiences. A semantic network analysis confirmed that terms used by the article's tweeters strongly aligned with its content, and the discussion was notably pro-social. Meta-inferences were then drawn by integrating the findings from the two methods. These flagged the significance of contextualizing the sharing of a health science article in relation to tweeters' professional identities and their stances on health-related issues. In addition, meta-critiques highlighted challenges in preparing accurate tweet data and analyzing them using qualitative data analysis software. These findings highlight the valuable contributions that qualitative research can make to research involving microblogging data in science communication. Future research could critique this approach or further explore the microblogging of key articles within important scientific debates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review aimed to investigate the role of technology as a solution in Speech-Language Pathology (SLP). A total of 49 articles published between 2004 and 2023 were examined to gather information on general aspects, methodology, technology implementation, learning outcomes, and limitations and solutions related to technology-enhanced learning strategies in SLP research. The study focused on identifying the target participants, technological approaches, and the effectiveness of technology in SLP. The analysis revealed that the majority of studies included graduate students and general participants, highlighting a need for further exploration of technology's impact on babies and older adults in the field of SLP. Various technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), robots, and artificial intelligence (AI) were investigated, with computer-based, web-based, and online multimedia environments being the most used technology environments. Limitations of previous studies were identified, and potential solutions and advantages were suggested for guiding future research. The findings can be used as a reference for researchers, practitioners, schools, associations, and policy-makers intending to conduct SLP studies or implement technology-enhanced SLP solutions. The identified limitations and proposed solutions can serve as a reference for improving future studies in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 1990s, advancements in big data and information technology have increasingly driven data-centric research in the field of Library and Information Science (LIS). To assess the influence of this data-driven research paradigm on the LIS discipline, this study conducts a fine-grained analysis to uncover the evolutionary trends of research methods within the domain. Using academic papers from LIS published between 1990 and 2022, four key categories of data-driven method entities are automatically extracted: algorithms and models, data resources, software and tools, and metrics. Based on these entities, the study examines the evolution of LIS research methods from three dimensions: the characteristics of research method entities over time, their evolution within different research topics, and the evolutionary features of research method entities across various research methods. The findings highlight data resources as a pivotal driver of methodological evolution in LIS, revealing a cyclical pattern of "emergence-stability/practical application" in the development of research methods within the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, tens of thousands of scientific articles have been published. Researchers are enthusiastic to uncover the effects of COVID-19. This study aims to critically assess the methods researchers used to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on food security. The PRISMA and Bibliometric Methods were utilized in this study. The results of the PRISMA indicate that most researchers utilize quantitative methods, 61%, compared to 32% for qualitative and 7% for mixed methods. These findings provide important data. Firstly, researchers continue relying on quantitative methods (multiple linear regression and Chi-square). Secondly, 32% of the articles utilized qualitative and only two qualitative methods, phenomenological and case studies, have been identified. No researchers use grounded theory research (GTR) and ethnographic studies (SE). Thirdly, using mixed method among COVID-19 researchers is uncommon; only 3% of researchers employed it. Next, the results of the bibliometric reveal that the USA and China contribute the most to the publication on the impact of COVID-19 on food security. A review of research publications on the impact of COVID-19 on food security shows an alarming increase in food loss and waste due to excessive household food purchases. This trend has the potential to endanger food availability in the future. Recommendations to the government include offering incentives to reduce food loss and waste, improving supply chain coordination, training, and technical breakthroughs and innovations, especially for small-scale farmers. The government should support food banks and farmers' markets to shorten the value chain and connect farmers with consumers.

The PURPOSE of the work is to determine the mass-flow characteristics of working substances and energy indicators of an installation based on a CO2 cycle with a two-stage pressure increase (Allam cycle) during oxygen combustion of methanol.METHODS. A research methodology is presented in which the mass-flow characteristics of working substances are determined based on the reactions of combustion and synthesis of methanol and electrolysis of water. These reactions are basic for ensuring operational processes in the installation. The method is based on the molar ratios of substances participating in reactions under stoichiometric conditions. Using the thermodynamic parameters of the cycle being implemented and at a given installation power, the consumption of the working fluid, the share of carbon dioxide renewal in the cycle, the amount of methanol produced in the synthesis unit, the amount of fresh methanol, the amount of hydrogen produced in the water electrolysis unit and the amount of oxygen are determined, necessary to ensure fuel combustion processes. At the same time, the amount of commercial hydrogen is determined. Electricity consumption for own needs is determined using regulatory methods and data from equipment manufacturers.RESULTS. The article shows that with similar values of thermal efficiency of CO2 cycles based on oxygen combustion of methane and methanol, the amount of carbon dioxide removed from the cycle for disposal is 11% less. It has been shown that a CO2 cycle operating on methanol is capable of producing commercial hydrogen simultaneously with electricity generation. The specific electricity consumption for hydrogen production is 22% less than for its production without combination with the CO2 cycle.

The legal technology of the contract has infiltrated modern society throughout public and private realms of law: from imaginaries and practices of citizenship, to commercial and governmental practicality. Contracts, in one form or another, underpin societal interactions across time and space as they are embedded within, and construct, networks of connections that not only regulate behaviours through immediate rights and obligations, but also reflect and produce broader social, political and economic regimes of power. Contracts also make, and unmake, places through regulation of access or exclusion, control and use in accordance with private agreements. Yet express scrutiny of contracts in geographical inquiry is scarce: geographers lack an established, contract‐focused methodology. This paper proposes a blueprint for an analytical research method that focuses on three elements of contractual relationships: formation, substance and enforcement. It will argue that concentrating analysis on these aspects of contractual relationships can generate understanding of how contracts reflect and shape power dynamics across society. This analytical framework aims to encourage and facilitate collaboration between scholars and practitioners to develop knowledge that can expose and address spatial injustice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health social work is often described as a blurred profession, as a work area based on an interdisciplinary field of science with an unclear knowledge foundation of its own. This study describes and analyses the knowledge production in Swedish doctoral dissertations in health social work, authored by social workers, from 2008 to 2019, and focuses on the differences between dissertations published by faculties of health and those in the social sciences. Descriptive statistical and content analysis was carried out on the 52 dissertations identified. Dissertations in the health sciences were often about specific patient groups within adult somatic care. They predominantly used mixed methods and psychological and psychosocial theories and models. Dissertations in the social sciences more often concerned adults in psychiatric or addiction care and the organization of social work. A majority used qualitative research methods, organization and profession theories, as well as interactionist and critical theories. The differences are discussed as being associated with different research ideals and traditions in the scientific disciplines. The findings raise questions about the core components of health social work and how a knowledge foundation and its development can enhance the professional development of social workers and their contribution to healthcare and patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aim Design Methods Results Conclusion Implications for the Profession Impact Reporting Method Patient or Public Contribution To provide a worked example informed by relevant literature and related studies that novice and early career researchers may use to reflect on, prepare and conduct a thoughtful and rigorous qualitative descriptive study.Methodological discussion of qualitative descriptive design.Seminal work and recent related literature were reviewed to situate the discussion and identify the concepts and steps to conduct a qualitative descriptive study.Qualitative descriptive design is widely used in nursing and health science research. This design offers flexible use of qualitative methods, which presents a double‐edged sword, posing challenges in preparing a well‐developed study and achieving methodological rigour. The design often borrows methods from other qualitative traditions, which may need to be clarified for novice and early career researchers, wherein studies may be conducted using a mix and match of methods without giving justice to the heart of qualitative descriptive design. In this paper, we present a step‐by‐step guide, using a worked example, to demonstrate how to conduct a qualitative descriptive study.Qualitative descriptive design may be confusing due to its flexibility, which may limit the scope of research and subsequently, the quality and impact of the findings. With the appropriate application of research methods producing high‐quality and relevant findings, qualitative descriptive design is a valuable qualitative method in its own right.Novice and early career researchers may increase the impact of their findings through rigorously conducting their studies. Clarifying steps for thoughtful execution may inform novice and early career researchers, allowing for a rigorous application of the method, which, in turn, may contribute to impactful findings.A clear presentation of steps, supported by a worked example and related studies, may support novice and early career researchers in conducting a qualitative descriptive study with methodological rigour.Not applicable.No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the nature of competency required of social work students in qualitative and quantitative methods as well as the preferred learning period duration for the acquisition of proficiency in each method. Utilising a descriptive-correlational design, data was gathered from a sample of 1268 social work students who completed their dissertations during their last year of study. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that social work students need a longer duration to acquire proficiency in quantitative research strategies as opposed to qualitative and mixed methodologies. The hazard function prediction analysis indicated a significant likelihood of quantitative approaches not being utilized in students’ dissertations, in contrast to other approaches. In terms of course structure, the majority (72%) of social work students learned both qualitative and quantitative approaches simultaneously. A simple linear regression analysis revealed that the research course structure had a statistically significant effect (p < .05) in predicting the improvement in the learning curve for particular methodological methods. We propose that the research method course structure be customized to meet the specific needs of students, such as providing methodological training and capacity development, implementing a research mentorship programme, fostering a supportive learning environment in all methodological approaches, and promoting inter-professional collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing interest in Pacific issues has meant a surge in Pacific research across the globe. Sadly, some research on Pacific people has been done without Pacific knowledge, wisdom and culture. As Pacific researchers, we understand the importance of outputs that interweave our ancestral and cultural wisdom, whilst centring and privileging our people's narratives. Through the birth of our Moanaroa Pacific Research group, we explore the importance of a research collective which decolonises and re indigenises research as we know it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Street‐level bureaucrats are the "human face" of social protection delivery systems around the world. To date, most social protection literature approaches questions of gender with respect to policy and programme design and expected and unexpected outcomes. Mounting interest in gender‐responsive and rights‐based social protection systems, however, additionally begs a focus on the gendered individuals who mediate the relationship between citizens and these systems, representing the State as duty bearer of realizing the right to social protection. Much of the existing work on street‐level bureaucrats (SLBs) focuses on their use of discretion in frontline work and how this shapes beneficiary experiences. This article adapts and extends Durose and Lowndes' (2024) framework for understanding gender and SLB discretion: 1) as shaped by the gendered laws, policies and guidance of institutions where SLBs work, 2) as reflective of SLBs as gendered actors, and 3) as having gendered effects on policy beneficiaries. While their framework was developed in a high‐income context and to understand a different sector (policing), these three analytical propositions hold for SLBs in social protection systems. Yet, we suggest that understanding the role of SLBs in social protection systems requires two additional considerations from a human rights perspective: 4) discretion as shaped by the gendered social, political and economic contexts in which SLBs operate and social protection systems exist, and 5) moving beyond discretion, SLBs as rights‐holders themselves, of the right to social security and the right to decent work. The article develops this framework in conversation with scholarship on social protection systems in the broad range of contexts in which they operate. In doing so, the article offers an analytical contribution to the emerging literature on gender‐responsive social protection systems from a "frontline delivery" and human rights perspective, including their relation to Sustainable Development Goals 5 – gender equality – and 1.3 – social protection systems for all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helping university students develop productive views of what characterizes good scientific research and scientific knowledge is an important objective of science education. However, many studies show that students' views of the nature of science (NOS) do not become more informed or even become less informed after learning activities that engage students in scientific practice. This could mean that the way we teach students to conduct scientific research might unintentionally strengthen or bring about uninformed views of NOS. In this article, we argue that scientific discourse (how language is used in science) might play a role in this relation between learning scientific inquiry and uninformed views of NOS. We argue that there could be implicit notions relating to NOS underlying scientific discourse that uninformed readers might translate to uninformed views of NOS. We call these implicit notions underlying scientific language use "epistemological notions." In this article, we further define this construct of epistemological notions, contrast it with explicit views of NOS and other related constructs, explain how we think epistemological notions might affect explicit views of NOS, and present a framework we developed to characterize them in scientific language use. It is a descriptive and interpretative analysis framework which combines, optimizes, and extends several text analysis methods, discourse analysis, and reflexive thematic analysis. We provide a guide to use the framework and point out quality criteria. We finish by advocating the framework for educational researchers interested in developing instructional interventions during which learning about science is combined with explicit reflection on NOS. Identifying epistemological notions in scientific language use could provide starting points for these activities by making explicit the translation from NOS understanding to scientific practice and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Big Data communication researchers have highlighted the need for qualitative analysis of online science conversations to better understand their meaning. However, a scholarly gap exists in exploring how qualitative methods can be applied to small data regarding micro-bloggers' communications about science articles. While social media attention assists with article dissemination, qualitative research into the associated microblogging practices remains limited. To address these gaps, this study explores how qualitative analysis can enhance science communication studies on microblogging articles. Calls for such qualitative approaches are supported by a practical example: an interdisciplinary team applied mixed methods to better understand the promotion of an unorthodox but popular science article on Twitter over a 2-year period. While Big Data studies typically identify patterns in microbloggers' activities from large data sets, this study demonstrates the value of integrating qualitative analysis to deepen understanding of these interactions. In this study, a small data set was analyzed using NVivo™ by a pragmatist and MAXQDA™ by a statistician. The pragmatist's multimodal content analysis found that health professionals shared links to the article, with its popularity tied to its role as a communication event within a longstanding debate in the health sciences. Dissident professionals used this article to support an emergent paradigm. The analysis also uncovered practices, such as language localization, where a title was translated from English to Spanish to reach broader audiences. A semantic network analysis confirmed that terms used by the article's tweeters strongly aligned with its content, and the discussion was notably pro-social. Meta-inferences were then drawn by integrating the findings from the two methods. These flagged the significance of contextualizing the sharing of a health science article in relation to tweeters' professional identities and their stances on health-related issues. In addition, meta-critiques highlighted challenges in preparing accurate tweet data and analyzing them using qualitative data analysis software. These findings highlight the valuable contributions that qualitative research can make to research involving microblogging data in science communication. Future research could critique this approach or further explore the microblogging of key articles within important scientific debates.

Library research is a significant method in Islamic education to examine various written sources. This paper discusses the definition, objectives, advantages and disadvantages, data sources, characteristics, types, stages, and benefits of library research in Islamic education. The objectives of library research are to build understanding, identify perspectives, analyze knowledge gaps, develop theoretical frameworks, formulate research questions, analyze data, draw conclusions, and develop new theories. Data sources are diverse, including books, journals, documents, online databases, and special collections. Library research has the characteristics of being qualitative, descriptive, non-fieldwork, and emphasizing the researcher's role in data analysis. Types of library research are classified based on purpose and data type. Based on purpose, it can be categorized as historical, descriptive, explanatory, and evaluative research. Based on the type of data, it can be categorized as historical, philosophical, or comparative research. The stages of library research include determining the topic, searching for data, analyzing data, organizing data, and writing a report. Library research has many benefits in Islamic education, such as building theoretical foundations, identifying knowledge gaps, understanding the history and development of Islamic education, studying the theory and philosophy of Islamic education, and improving PAI teaching strategies.

The integral inertial particle separator is a helicopter air inlet protection device. It has excellent performance and wide application，which is of great significance to ensure the regular operation and improve the service life of helicopter engines. This paper summarizes the research progress of integral inertial particle separators，including the following aspects：the classification and aerodynamic parameters of the integral inertial particle separators are introduced. The research methods and their results of the integral inertial particle separators are sorted out. The factors affecting the performance of the integral inertial particle separators are summarized and analyzed. The future development of integral inertial particle separators is predicted. This paper can be the reference for future study and the guide to integral inertial particle separators' optimization design.

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Stimulated recall is a qualitative research process which holds significant potential to develop understanding(s) of the ideological, philosophical, perceptual and emotional experiences that underpin observable social actions (e.g. coaching practice). Typically, video and/or audio footage is used to prompt participants to relive and elicit introspective accounts of situations, events and (inter)actions. Despite its potential to explicate concurrent thoughts, feelings and actions, as well as to generate critical reflections on (mal)alignments between beliefs and actual practice, stimulated recall research has most often followed long-standing positivist, univocal and temporally isolated conventions. The purpose of this paper, then, drawing from the authors' longitudinal experience of using stimulated recall in their respective fieldwork, is two-fold. First, we critically examine and problematise some long-standing beliefs and uses of this method. Second, we tentatively map a progressive agenda for its future utility as a productive research method for scholars, students and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Secondary data analysis is a cost-effective, accessible, and efficient means of utilizing existing data to answer new research questions. The manuscript provides an overview of the secondary data analysis process, as well as benefits and limitations inherent in the research method. An exemplar of pediatric focused research using a publicly available dataset is presented to facilitate understanding of the process. Novice and experienced researchers benefit from exploring the quantitative and qualitative secondary data analysis options available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geodesign is a participatory research and planning process that manages diverse boundaries and combines place-based local knowledge and values, design and planning expertise, and geographic information science for the purpose of collaborative and well-informed spatial planning. It is particularly effective in managing boundaries between stakeholders, knowledge frameworks, and technology· Geodesign is valuable in the early stages of planning, facilitating problem characterization and citizen involvement, as well as impact assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green industrial estates are implemented for sustainable development in the industrial sector. The industrial sector is a large consumer of energy and resources and produces pollutants. Environmentally friendly development in industrial estates is important in encouraging environmentally friendly production and ecological civilization as a strategic key to economic and social growth. This is an important basis for assessing the performance of green industrial estates. Research on green buildings in industrial estates has been conducted widely, including reviewing the performance of developing green industrial estates and using various methods. This research aims to determine research methods on the performance of green industrial estates using a literature review in reputable journals from 2014 to 2023. A mapping diagram was used to classify research types and data sources. The results showed that many researchers examined the performance of green industrial estates by reviewing environmental and economic aspects, and few researchers reviewed social aspects. Apart from these aspects, in reviewing the aspects of the performance of green industrial estate, researchers used modeling and case studies. The result of this research provides a reference for choosing the right method for assessing the performance of green industrial estates in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helping university students develop productive views of what characterizes good scientific research and scientific knowledge is an important objective of science education. However, many studies show that students’ views of the nature of science (NOS) do not become more informed or even become less informed after learning activities that engage students in scientific practice. This could mean that the way we teach students to conduct scientific research might unintentionally strengthen or bring about uninformed views of NOS. In this article, we argue that scientific discourse (how language is used in science) might play a role in this relation between learning scientific inquiry and uninformed views of NOS. We argue that there could be implicit notions relating to NOS underlying scientific discourse that uninformed readers might translate to uninformed views of NOS. We call these implicit notions underlying scientific language use “epistemological notions.” In this article, we further define this construct of epistemological notions, contrast it with explicit views of NOS and other related constructs, explain how we think epistemological notions might affect explicit views of NOS, and present a framework we developed to characterize them in scientific language use. It is a descriptive and interpretative analysis framework which combines, optimizes, and extends several text analysis methods, discourse analysis, and reflexive thematic analysis. We provide a guide to use the framework and point out quality criteria. We finish by advocating the framework for educational researchers interested in developing instructional interventions during which learning about science is combined with explicit reflection on NOS. Identifying epistemological notions in scientific language use could provide starting points for these activities by making explicit the translation from NOS understanding to scientific practice and vice versa.

The purpose of this article is to determine the objectives of public finance law, which is part of financial law. The research problem is to answer the question of whether the findings regarding the objectives of a given branch of law can be useful in developing the specific axiology for that very branch of law. The article proves the hypothesis that the objectives of public finance law are closely linked to the protection of public values to be true. Hence, it was considered particularly expe­dient to apply axiological analysis of law to the study of axiological issues of financial policy, which plays a secondary role in relation to economic and social policy.

Psychobiography is a method that aims to explore and integrate art, psychology, and biography, seeking to understand the complexity of human personality and the dynamics that influence literary or artistic creation through the systematic study of public figures' individual lives (artists, writers, etc.). This article aims to explore and define the practice and origins of psychobiography, as well as its development in the global and historical context in order to offer a contextual understanding of the foundations of the method, in addition to the criticisms commonly found and the applications of psychobiography today, highlighting its importance in understanding the complexity of human life and its contributions to the advancement of knowledge in psychology. It can be carried out based on different psychological approaches (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Positive Psychology, etc.). In conclusion, the dissemination of the method can contribute to studies of Brazilians public personalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia Regional is the property of Historia Regional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciência da Informação is the property of Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciencia da Informacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The construction of sciences started from imprecision, vague regularities and the attempt to standardize variants through explanatory rules for the diversity of natural, social and cultural phenomena. Since the 18th century, epistemological criticisms about the status of the scientific method and its inaccuracies have provoked philosophers and researchers in this regard. Based on a historical study of this theme, in this article we discuss philosophical and methodological principles about uncertainties in the exact, natural and human sciences, enunciated by a group of authors who in the 1964s pointed out reflections on research within the sciences of the imprecise, to react to scientific certainties and a precise image of science created between the 19th and 20th centuries, which strengthened prejudices against the imprecise. The discussion by the group of authors researched pointed out a list of research methods within the scope of the imprecise, such as helping to understand and explain scientific facts, related to certain natural, sociocultural and human phenomena, which cannot be explained by a single cause, or by a single epistemological or methodological model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The targeted improvement of design methods requires validation studies to record and evaluate difficulties in the application of the investigated methods. Current analysis methods for the validation of design methods are limited to the collection and evaluation of the design outcome and do not consider the applicability of the design method. In this paper, the authors evaluate an analysis method which, in addition to the benefits of a design method, also detects difficulties in its applicability. The Attention-Comprehension-Application-Performance analysis (ACAP analysis) method has been newly developed for this purpose. It investigates the applicability and captures metrics attention, comprehension, and correctness of application as well as the benefit of the design method. To evaluate the ACAP analysis method, a method for sheet metal design was examined in a laboratory study with 25 university students with mechanical engineering as their major subject. The results of the evaluation showed that the ACAP analysis method (1) identifies difficulties in the applicability of the design method; (2) determines the benefit of the design method; and (3) captures the impact of the identified difficulties on the benefit. Thus, the ACAP analysis method can evaluate causes of existing difficulties using objective metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present tutorial provides a technical overview of how to create web applications for online psychological experiments from scratch via the HTML/CSS/JavaScript framework. This approach allows virtually unlimited flexibility in accomplishing anything in an online experiment that a regular computer (or smartphone, etc.) is capable of. Apart from offering a fast introduction for complete beginners, this tutorial may also serve as a helpful guideline for more experienced programmers and researchers. Connected to the tutorial, a specific implementation is also given via the free and open-source template project at https://github.com/gasparl/expapp, intended to be improved by the community to always follow the latest technological advancements and general good practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research method provides a way to solve to a research problem or a systematic answer to it. It is a framework for collecting, organizing, analyzing and presenting data to study the research problem. Design science research has emerged as an important approach in information systems research. Thus, this study is a systematic review of theoretical literature with a narrative analysis approach to create a comprehensive understanding of key concepts and specialized attitudes around design science research methods. A road map is designed to express how to use DSR to find the answer to the research question(s) about the design of information technology artifacts. The research is conducted with a systematic review method in two main steps. In the first step, the search for reliable sources was carried out using automatic approaches and snowball forward and backward in reliable databases. After the qualitative evaluation of the obtained sources, 52 articles were approved and selected based on specific criteria. In the second step and during the study, based on the narrative analysis method, four narratives emerged: the philosophical foundations of design science research, the theoretical development approach of research in design science, the methodological choice of design science research, and the strategy of design science research. Finally, using the narratives and concepts identified in each narrative, a mapping of the concepts and topics related to the four emerged theme of design science research was done and summarized and drawn in the form of a road map. The compiled roadmap presents the process of using the design science research method in the information technology artifacts design in a structured and accurate way for conducting design science research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the number of journals that have adopted the registered report format has increased rapidly in recent years, they still account for only a tiny portion of academic journals. This article provides a summary and overview of the number and proportion of journals that accept the registered report format in the various scientific domains. The Center for Open Science was searched for journals that have adopted the registered report as a regular submission option. The numbers of such journals in each scientific domain were then counted based on their group and category classification in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR). In July 2023, 278 journals had adopted the registered report format, with 186 of these journals included in the JCR. The percentage of journals that had adopted the registered report format ranged from 0 to 7% across the different major research fields (groups in JCR) and from 0 to 34% across the research subfields (categories in JCR). The group "Psychiatry/Psychology" and category "Psychology, Experimental" had the highest percentage of journals that had adopted registered reports. Four large-scale replication projects have been published, focusing on psychology, social science, medicine, and economics, respectively. Although all four studies showed unsatisfactory replication success rates, ≤ 1% of the journals in the corresponding scientific domains had adopted registered reports, with the exception of psychology (7%). To improve research reliability and transparency, it is critical to increase the use of the registered report publishing format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the research streams of user studies in Knowledge Organization literature. Authors give particular attention to the distinction of use and user, which has not been clearly defined thus causing lack of consensus in theoretical and methodological approaches to users. Qualitative content analysis was used to systematically review the literature and to identify the emerging themes. This analysis provides insights for future discussions on the validity of user studies in Knowledge Organization (KO) and suggestions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gesture elicitation is a fundamental method for constructing gesture-based interactive systems. Existing research has shown that this method allows users’ knowledge to serve as a design basis, minimizing biases that may occur from relying excessively on an expert’s preference. However, how to conduct effective gesture elicitation studies remains an uncertain and open-ended issue. Through a thorough literature review, this study aims to identify important aspects that have significant impacts on the implementation of the elicitation study. The main findings of this paper are as follows: (1) Factors such as the choice of participants, referents, elicitation techniques, elicitation environments, and tasks can have a significant impact on the results of gesture elicitation; (2) Researchers have proposed various metrics for selecting gesture sets and evaluating their effects, but there is still debate over the sufficiency of these metrics; (3) Various methods have been proposed to improve gesture elicitation research, but there is still a lack of broad consensus on the best practices for gesture elicitation research, how to evaluate and report results, and how to compare results across studies. These findings indicate that gesture elicitation has become a valuable research and practical tool, but further study is needed to utilize it better.

Abstract Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have traditionally been considered the gold standard for medical evidence. However, in light of emerging methodologies in data science, many experts question the role of RCTs. Within this context, experts in the USA and Canada came together to debate whether the primacy of RCTs as the gold standard for medical evidence, still holds in light of recent methodological advances in data science and in the era of big data. The purpose of this manuscript, aims to raise awareness of the pros and cons of RCTs and observational studies in order to help guide clinicians, researchers, students, and decision-makers in making informed decisions on the quality of medical evidence to support their work. In particular, new and underappreciated advantages and disadvantages of both designs are contrasted. Innovations taking place in both of these research methodologies, which can blur the lines between the two, are also discussed. Finally, practical guidance for clinicians and future directions in assessing the quality of evidence is offered.

Abstract Background The issues of replication and scientific transparency have been raised in exercise and sports science research. A potential means to address the replication crisis and enhance research reliability is to improve reporting quality and transparency. This study aims to formulate a reporting checklist as a supplement to the existing reporting guidelines, specifically for resistance exercise studies. Methods PubMed (which covers Medline) and Scopus (which covers Medline, EMBASE, Ei Compendex, World Textile Index, Fluidex, Geobase, Biobase, and most journals in Web of Science) were searched for systematic reviews that comprised the primary studies directly comparing different resistance training methods. Basic data on the selected reviews, including on authors, publication years, and objectives, were summarized. The reporting items for the checklist were identified based on the objective of the reviews. Additional items from an existing checklist, namely the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template, a National Strength and Conditioning Association handbook, and an article from the EQUATOR library were incorporated into the final reporting checklist. Results Our database search retrieved 3595 relevant records. After automatic duplicate removal, the titles and abstracts of the remaining 2254 records were screened. The full texts of 137 records were then reviewed, and 88 systematic reviews that met the criteria were included in the umbrella review. Conclusion Developed primarily by an umbrella review method, this checklist covers the research questions which have been systematically studied and is expected to improve the reporting completeness of future resistance exercise studies. The PRIRES checklist comprises 26 reporting items (39 subitems) that cover four major topics in resistance exercise intervention: 1) exercise selection, performance, and training parameters, 2) training program and progression, 3) exercise setting, and 4) planned vs actual training. The PRIRES checklist was designed specifically for reporting resistance exercise intervention. It is expected to be used with other reporting guidelines such as Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials and Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials. This article presents only the development process and resulting items of the checklist. An accompanying article detailing the rationale for, the importance of, and examples of each item is being prepared. Registration This study is registered with the EQUATOR Network under the title “Preferred Reporting Items for Resistance Exercise Studies (PRIRES).” PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021235259.

The symbiotic relationship between humanities and technology constitutes the two pillars of the modern acupuncture academic system. However, in the process of disciplinary technological development, the humanistic aspect of acupuncture has not received deserved attention. Against the backdrop of interdisciplinary integration in scientific and educational development, acupuncture as a field needs to reexamine its own humanistic attributes. Building upon the fruitful achievements of previous scholars in humanistic research, it is essential to continue and expand the research of acupuncture humanities. This article reviews the current accomplishments in acupuncture humanistic research, highlighting the necessity of such research from three perspectives: the humanistic background of traditional Chinese medicine, the need for and inevitability of acupuncture discipline development, and the significance deficit faced by acupuncture research. The article puts forth four research directions: acupuncture literature and theoretical studies, acupuncture history research, acupuncture sociocultural studies, and acupuncture digital humanities research. Additionally, it proposes three fundamental method for conducting acupuncture humanistic research, namely, reading, interviewing, and practical application. Acupuncture and the humanities are, in fact, two sides of the same coin, both driven by the pursuit of truth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have traditionally been considered the gold standard for medical evidence. However, in light of emerging methodologies in data science, many experts question the role of RCTs. Within this context, experts in the USA and Canada came together to debate whether the primacy of RCTs as the gold standard for medical evidence, still holds in light of recent methodological advances in data science and in the era of big data. The purpose of this manuscript, aims to raise awareness of the pros and cons of RCTs and observational studies in order to help guide clinicians, researchers, students, and decision-makers in making informed decisions on the quality of medical evidence to support their work. In particular, new and underappreciated advantages and disadvantages of both designs are contrasted. Innovations taking place in both of these research methodologies, which can blur the lines between the two, are also discussed. Finally, practical guidance for clinicians and future directions in assessing the quality of evidence is offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]