10 results on '"residue carbon"'
Search Results
2. Magnetization roasting characteristic and mechanism of gasification slag from coal-water slurry gasifier.
- Author
-
Feiyong Lyu, Mo Chu, Xingbo Sun, Jiabao Hu, Xu Shi, and Yifan Yuan
- Subjects
- *
ROASTING (Metallurgy) , *MASS transfer , *SLAG , *SUPERCRITICAL water , *SLURRY , *MAGNETIC declination , *MAGNETIC particles , *SIZE reduction of materials - Abstract
Iron content in gasification slag is second only to silicon and aluminum, which is expected to be a new breakthrough in the integrated application of gasification slag. Magnetization roasting is an efficient method to change the form of iron-containing phases as well as to enhance magnetic properties from slags. The magnetic variation of different particle size fractions of gasification slags (GS1, GS2) during roasting was investigated by the yield of magnetic ash particles. The magnetic transformation mechanism of iron-containing phases was revealed by the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X–ray diffractometer (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS). The results showed that the magnetic ash particle yield rose as the roasting temperature increased. When the roasting temperature was 750°C, the magnetic ash particle yield of each particle size fractions increased from 14%–21% (GS1) and 7%–18% (GS2) to 81%–99% and 29%–96%, respectively. Specially, the magnetic ash particle yield of 0.125–0.074 mm fractions increased from 21% (GS1) and 18% (GS2) to 98% and 94%, and the saturation magnetization increased from 1.80 emu/g (GS1) and 5.45 emu/g (GS2) to 10.25 emu/g and 8.23 emu/g, under the conditions of 750°C (roasting temperature), 30 min (roasting time) and 2.5 A (magnetic excitation current) when the gasification slag was roasted in air, a part of iron–containing phases was transformed from Fe(II) to Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3, another part of iron-containing phases could be substituted into the feldspar and pyroxene minerals by homogeneous substitution. Furthermore, residue carbon combustion and gas diffusion lead to reduction of ash particle size, rough and porous surface, and increase of magnetization reaction sites, which can strengthen the mass transfer process and promote magnetic transformation of iron-containing phases in slags. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Investigation of the Heteroatom Doping Effect on Gasification Fine Slag Residue Carbon Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts.
- Author
-
Wang, Simin, Li, Heng, Gong, Yan, Guo, Qinghua, and Yu, Guangsuo
- Subjects
OXYGEN reduction ,CHEMICAL elements ,COAL gasification ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,ACTIVE nitrogen ,CALCIUM chloride ,BIOMASS gasification ,CATALYSTS recycling ,IRON - Abstract
Coal gasification fine slag (GFS) is a kind of solid waste that is produced from industrial entrained‐flow gasification plants. Using the GFS flotation residue as a carbon source for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst is therefore an effective recycling method that will gain great attention. Herein, the carbon residue after the flotation of GFS is used as the precursor to prepare ORR catalysts through CO2 activation. Combined with the characterization of Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, the influence of N, P, Fe, Ca, and other doped elements on the physical and chemical structure of the catalyst is explored. The results demonstrate that calcium chloride causes the decrease of reactive nitrogen, and has a negative effect on the development of pore structure. The active nitrogen content of ammonium phosphate as a nitrogen source is lower than that of ammonium chloride as a nitrogen source. The codoping of ammonium phosphate and ferrocene produces a mutual inhibitory effect, resulting in lower doping levels of phosphorus and iron. This study has great significance for the activation and heteroatom doping treatment of ORR catalysts prepared from gasification residue carbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Paddy soil drainage influences residue carbon contribution to methane emissions.
- Author
-
Tariq, Azeem, Jensen, Lars Stoumann, Sander, Bjoern Ole, De Tourdonnet, Stephane, Ambus, Per Lennart, Thanh, Phan Huu, Trinh, Mai Van, and De Neergaard, Andreas
- Subjects
- *
PADDY fields , *WATERLOGGING (Soils) , *METHANE content of soils , *MEASUREMENT of carbon in soils , *EFFECT of drainage on crops - Abstract
Abstract Water drainage is an important mitigation option for reducing CH 4 (methane) emissions from residue-amended paddy soils. Several studies have indicated a long-term reduction in CH 4 emissions, even after re-flooding, suggesting that the mechanism goes beyond creating temporary oxidized conditions in the soil. In this pot trial, the effects of different drainage patterns on straw-derived CH 4 and CO 2 (carbon dioxide) emissions were compared to identify the balance between straw-carbon CH 4 and CO 2 emissions influenced by soil aeration over different periods, including effects of drainage on emissions during re-flooding. The water treatments included were: continuous flooding [C] as the control and five drainage patterns (pre-planting drainage [P], early-season drainage [E], midseason drainage [M], pre-planting plus midseason drainage [PM], early-season-plus-midseason drainage [EM]). An equal amount of 13C-enriched rice straw was applied to all treatments to identify straw-derived 13C-gas emissions from soil carbon derived emissions. The highest fluxes of CH 4 and δ13C-CH 4 were recorded from the control treatment in the first week after straw application. The CH 4 flux and δ13C-CH 4 were reduced the most (0.1–0.8 μg CH 4 g−1 soil day−1 and -13 to −34‰) in the pre-planting and pre-planting plus midseason drainage treatments at day one after transplanting. Total and straw-derived CH 4 emissions were reduced by 69% and 78% in pre-planting drainage and 77% and 87% in pre-planting plus midseason drainage respectively, compared to control. The early-season, midseason, pre-planting plus midseason and early-season-plus-midseason drainage treatments resulted in higher total and straw-derived CO 2 emissions compared to the control and pre-planting drainage treatments. The pre-planting and pre-planting plus midseason drainage treatments lowered the global warming potential by 47–53%, and early-season and early-season-plus-midseason drainage treatments reduced it by 24–31% compared to control. By using labelled crop residues, this experiment demonstrates a direct link between early drainage and reduced CH 4 emissions from incorporated crop residues, eventually leading to a reduction in total global warming potential. It is suggested that accelerated decomposition of the residues during early season drainage prolonged the reduction in CH 4 emissions. Therefore, it is important to introduce the early drainage as an effective measure to mitigate CH 4 emissions from crop residues. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • The effect of drainage regimes on straw-derived CH 4 emission were studied. • Pre-transplant drainage lowered CH 4 fluxes during drainage and after re-flooding. • Early drainage stabilized the residue carbon (C), and limits the C for methanogens. • Pre-transplant and early-season drainage reduced the straw-derived CH 4 emission. • Total CH 4 and GWP in pre-transplant drainage was lower than early-season drainage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Long-term plastic film mulching and fertilization treatments changed the annual distribution of residual maize straw C in soil aggregates under field conditions: characterization by C tracing.
- Author
-
Jin, Xinxin, An, Tingting, Gall, Aaron R., Li, Shuangyi, Sun, Liangjie, Pei, Jiubo, Gao, Xiaodan, He, Xuan, Fu, Shifeng, Ding, Xueli, and Wang, Jingkuan
- Subjects
PLANT fertilization ,SOIL structure ,MULCHING - Abstract
Purpose: Plastic film mulching and fertilization strongly affect soil aggregation and dynamics of the total soil organic carbon (C) pool. However, there is limited information on how these agricultural management practices influence the fate and seasonal dynamics of crop residue-derived C in soil aggregates. Therefore, a better understanding of the fate of C derived from crop residues and their location in soil aggregates is crucial to improve our prediction of C sequestration and stabilization in soil. Materials and methods: In this study, an in situ C-tracing technique was used to identify the dynamic distribution and accumulation patterns of crop residue-derived C in soil aggregates as affected by long-term plastic film mulching and four fertilization treatments (control, CK; nitrogen, N; organic manure, M; nitrogen and organic manure, MN). The fate of C-labeled maize straw in loam soil was studied over 360 days using in situ incubation of 0.2% equivalent dry straw incorporated into the soil and aggregate size fractionation. Soil samples were separated into four particle-size fractions [large (>2 mm) and small (1-2 mm) macroaggregates; large (0.25-1 mm) and small (<0.25 mm) microaggregates] by dry-sieving. Results and discussion: Long-term (27-year) application of fertilizers significantly increased the soil organic carbon (SOC) content in brown earth compared to the no-fertilizer control at the onset of our annual study, with the order of M > M N > N > CK. Both the content of straw-derived C in aggregate fractions and the proportion of C in total soil samples decreased considerably from the microaggregate fractions and increased moderately in the macroaggregate fractions in a manner enhanced by plastic film mulching and by seasonal transitions, specifically from spring (day 0) to summer (day 60). In addition, the decomposition of maize straw and soil aggregation exhibited a direct correlation in which the content of C-SOC and mean weight diameters decreased over the course of the 360-day experiment. Conclusions: Our results suggest that certain amounts of straw-derived C could accumulate in microaggregates, which play an important role in long-term C sequestration, while a large part of straw-derived C tends to transfer from microaggregates to macroaggregates over time as affected by long-term plastic film mulching coupled with fertilization. This study improves our understanding of the effect of plastic film mulching and different fertilization regimes on the retention and stabilization processes of straw-derived C in soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Distribution and storage of crop residue carbon in aggregates and its contribution to organic carbon of soil with low fertility.
- Author
-
Li, Shuangyi, Gu, Xin, Zhuang, Jie, An, Tingting, Pei, Jiubo, Xie, Hongtu, Li, Hui, Fu, Shifeng, and Wang, Jingkuan
- Subjects
- *
CROP residues , *CARBON in soils , *SOIL fertility , *SOIL structure , *SOIL quality - Abstract
Long-term intensive cultivation leads to the decrease of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil fertility. Crop residue amendment to soil is documented as an effective measure to increase SOC and improve soil productivity. However, there is limited information on the turnover and storage of crop residue carbon (C) in soil aggregates after the residue is added to soil with low fertility. The objectives of this research were to investigate the distribution and storage of residue C in soil aggregates and its contribution to different physical fractions of SOC, and to quantify the turnover of residue C in soil with low fertility. Soil samples added with 13 C-labelled maize straw residue were put into carborundum tubes for two-year long in-situ incubation. Soil aggregates were separated by wet sieving and then physically fractionated. During the whole incubation process, 12–15% of residue C was stably distributed to 2000–250 μm aggregates, while the percentage of residue C distributed to microaggregates (<250 μm) increased with incubation time. The contribution of residue C to particulate organic C (POC) fractions decreased from average 63% on day 60 to average 43% on day 720 and that to mineral-associated organic C (mSOC) fraction increased from average 23% on day 60 to average 28% on day 720. More than 50% of fine POC (fPOC) was derived from residue C, especially 71% in microaggregates on day 360. Within aggregates, the percentages of residue C distributed to free light organic C (fLOC) and coarse POC (cPOC) reduced and these to fPOC and mSOC strengthened with incubation time. Mean residence time (MRT) of residue C was shortened with the increase of the aggregate sizes. MRT of mSOC was longer compared to other SOC physical fractions. These results suggest that microaggregates could provide favorable conditions for microbial activities and conduce to fPOC accumulation in a low fertility soil amendment with crop residue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Experimental study on preparation of oxygen reduction catalyst from coal gasification residual carbon.
- Author
-
Guo, Qinghua, Li, Heng, Wang, Simin, Gong, Yan, Ren, Liang, and Yu, Guangsuo
- Subjects
- *
OXYGEN reduction , *CATALYSTS , *METAL catalysts , *WASTE recycling , *COAL gasification , *CRYSTAL defects , *SOLID waste ,CATALYSTS recycling - Abstract
• Preparation of ORR catalyst from gasification fine slag. • Two-step heat treatment generates non-precious metal ORR catalyst. • The catalyst exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and stability. Coal gasification fine slag (GFS) produced from industrial entrained-flow gasification plants typically contains a large amount of residual carbon. Using the GFS coal flotation residue as a carbon source for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst is therefore an effective recycling method that will further promote utilization of the solid waste generated during coal gasification. In this study, ORR catalysts were prepared by the acid treatment, activation, and heteroatom doping of residual GFS carbon. The specific surface area (SSA) of the nitrogen-doped porous carbon catalyst, calculated using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, was 1657 m2/g. In addition, N and/or Fe are in the composition of ORR-active sites which are uniformly distributed on the catalyst surface. Although the catalyst exhibited a rich porous structure and a high degree of graphitization, several graphite lattice defects were also present. In the ORR test, the Fe-N-C catalyst reached a limiting diffusion current density of 4.86 mA/cm2 and a half-wave potential of 0.76 V in a 0.1 M KOH electrolyte, in addition to giving a high electron transfer number of 3.77 and following a predominant four-electron pathway. In the zinc-air battery test, the power density of the Fe-N-C catalyst reached 124.2 mW/cm2, and the battery maintained a charging voltage of 1.99 V after 250 charge/discharge cycles. This ORR catalytic performance obtained for the Fe-N-C catalyst indicates the feasibility of preparing an ORR catalyst from GFS carbon residue, and paves the way for further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Paddy soil drainage influences residue carbon contribution to methane emissions
- Author
-
Mai Van Trinh, Bjoern Ole Sander, Stephane de Tourdonnet, Phan Huu Thanh, Azeem Tariq, Per Ambus, Andreas de Neergaard, Lars Stoumann Jensen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences [Copenhagen], Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Sustainable Impact Platform, International Rice Research Institute [Philippines] (IRRI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] (IGN), Institute for Agricultural Environment, Vietnamese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), International Rice Research Institute, and Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
- Subjects
Crop residue ,Environmental Engineering ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Nitrous Oxide ,methane emission ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Global Warming ,01 natural sciences ,Methane ,Soil ,mitigation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,stable isotope ,residue carbon ,Transplanting ,Drainage ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,2. Zero hunger ,food and beverages ,Agriculture ,Oryza ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Soil carbon ,Carbon Dioxide ,Straw ,Carbon ,6. Clean water ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,13. Climate action ,Carbon dioxide ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,climate smart ,Seasons ,Aeration ,early drainage - Abstract
Water drainage is an important mitigation option for reducing CH4 (methane) emissions from residue-amended paddy soils. Several studies have indicated a long-term reduction in CH4 emissions, even after re-flooding, suggesting that the mechanism goes beyond creating temporary oxidized conditions in the soil. In this pot trial, the effects of different drainage patterns on straw-derived CH4 and CO2 (carbon dioxide) emissions were compared to identify the balance between straw-carbon CH4 and CO2 emissions influenced by soil aeration over different periods, including effects of drainage on emissions during re-flooding. The water treatments included were: continuous flooding [C] as the control and five drainage patterns (pre-planting drainage [P], early-season drainage [E], midseason drainage [M], pre-planting plus midseason drainage [PM], early-season-plus-midseason drainage [EM]). An equal amount of 13C-enriched rice straw was applied to all treatments to identify straw-derived 13C-gas emissions from soil carbon derived emissions. The highest fluxes of CH4 and δ13C-CH4 were recorded from the control treatment in the first week after straw application. The CH4 flux and δ13C-CH4 were reduced the most (0.1–0.8 μg CH4 g−1 soil day−1 and -13 to −34‰) in the pre-planting and pre-planting plus midseason drainage treatments at day one after transplanting. Total and straw-derived CH4 emissions were reduced by 69% and 78% in pre-planting drainage and 77% and 87% in pre-planting plus midseason drainage respectively, compared to control. The early-season, midseason, pre-planting plus midseason and early-season-plus-midseason drainage treatments resulted in higher total and straw-derived CO2 emissions compared to the control and pre-planting drainage treatments. The pre-planting and pre-planting plus midseason drainage treatments lowered the global warming potential by 47–53%, and early-season and early-season-plus-midseason drainage treatments reduced it by 24–31% compared to control. By using labelled crop residues, this experiment demonstrates a direct link between early drainage and reduced CH4 emissions from incorporated crop residues, eventually leading to a reduction in total global warming potential. It is suggested that accelerated decomposition of the residues during early season drainage prolonged the reduction in CH4 emissions. Therefore, it is important to introduce the early drainage as an effective measure to mitigate CH4 emissions from crop residues.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Long-term plastic film mulching and fertilization treatments changed the annual distribution of residual maize straw C in soil aggregates under field conditions: characterization by 13C tracing
- Author
-
Jin, Xinxin, An, Tingting, Gall, Aaron R., Li, Shuangyi, Sun, Liangjie, Pei, Jiubo, Gao, Xiaodan, He, Xuan, Fu, Shifeng, Ding, Xueli, and Wang, Jingkuan
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Investigation into the catalytic gasification of coal gasification fine slag residual carbon by the leachate of biomass waste: Gasification reactivity, structural evolution and kinetics analysis.
- Author
-
Lv, Peng, Bai, Yonghui, Wang, Jiaofei, Song, Xudong, Su, Weiguang, and Yu, Guangsuo
- Subjects
BIOMASS gasification ,COAL gasification ,LEACHATE ,POULTRY manure ,SLAG ,SCANNING electron microscopes - Abstract
In this study, the applicability of chicken manure leachate (CML) to catalytic gasification of coal gasification fine slag residue carbon (RC) was investigated in order to guide the large-scale application of RC as a potential gasification feedstock. Firstly, the effects of different CML loading amount and gasification temperature on RC reactivity were investigated. The structural evolution of RC loaded with CML in gasification was deeply analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and in-situ high temperature stage coupled with optical microscope system (HSOM). The results showed that CML is rich in water-soluble alkali and alkaline earth metallic species, especially potassium, which can significantly improve the gasification reactivity of RC. The gasification activity increased with the increase loading amount of CML, but higher gasification temperature will weaken the catalytic ability of CML. The model free method can well predict the kinetics of RC gasification reaction. The existence of CML reduced the activation energy of gasification obviously. The activation energy of RC20CML was 100.96 kJ/mol, which was 37.81 kJ/mol lower than that of RC. Furthermore, the surface complexes produced during RC gasification were determined by temperature programmed desorption (TPD) technique. The results showed that CML loaded RC released more CO during TPD process, which indicated that CML promoted the formation of more active sites on the RC surface, thus accelerating the gasification reaction. This work will contribute to the classification and resource utilization of coal gasification fine slag. [Display omitted] • The application of RC as a potential gasification feedstock was explored. • CML can be used as a cheap additive for catalytic gasification of RC. • CML can reduce the activation energy of RC gasification reaction. • Possible mechanism of RC gasification catalyzed by CML was deduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.