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Background This paper presents the results of 30 years of field studies on the Caraboidea fauna of the southern Sikhote-Alin Mountain, Russian Far East. Material was collected at 300+ geographical localities within 18 administrative and seven urban districts of the Primorsky Krai, Russia. A total of 55,953 adult ground beetles belonging to 426 subspecies, 411 species, 86 genera and three families were studied. The families Rhysodidae and Trachypachidae are represented by one species each, while the family Carabidae the remaining 409 species. The resulting sampling-event dataset includes 12,852 occurrences. New information This is the first dataset underlying an accurate and referenced taxonomic composition, as well as the geographic distribution of the Caraboidea in the southern Sikhote-Alin Mountains, Primorsky Krai, Russian Far East.

The paper is an attempt to take stock of recent research on the evolutionary history of the megadiverse beetle family Carabidae. First, the evolution of the carabid body is presented in its fundamental characteristics, in relation to the thoracic structure and locomotory and morphofunctional constraints, taking into account also what we know about fossil findings. Changes are described in the ten fundamental life forms that are recognizable in the larval body, from primitive surface runner to the arboreal tree/bark dweller and the parasitoid life style. The influence of biotic factors, first of all the food preferences, are examined for the best-known subfamilies/tribes, and a synthetic frame is presented of relationships between prey and age of the lineages in the three types of feeding modes: fluid, fragment and mixed feeders. On the whole, Harpalinae lineages seem more adapted to preys that appeared in recent times after the angiosperm flourishing, though exceptions have found. The availability of the biomasses of social insect nests, ants and termites, was of fundamental importance for several carabid stems. The influence of predators surely contributed to the refinement of chemical defenses, and some avoidance behaviours as gregariousness and müllerian mimcry. Ordering the relevant fossil findings by age and taxon the absence of modern carabid fossils in the first part of mesozoic appears clearly, only in the Cretaceous some extinct forms belonging to the actual suprageneric taxa have been found. Thus, Cenozoic era should be retained the age of modern forms, even if extinct taxa are recorded at least until the late miocene. Concerning the old question of ancestral habitat of adephaga, if terrestrial or aquatic, the intermediate hypothesis of Erwin seems still valid, that is a waterside life on shores rich of animal biomass, from which both directions into inland waters and subaerial ecosystems may have started. Finally, the taxonomic position of Rhysodidae has examined in the light of recent studies. morphology of adult and larval beetles is poorly in accordance with a place in Scaritinae (Clivinini), the preimaginal features remember that of archostemata also in the probable presence of a fused labrum, molecular evidence is mainly indicating a position within Carabidae but still not conclusive. a place as separate family within basal Geadephaga should be maintained.

The habit of feeding on slime moulds (Myxomycetes) commonly present in litter or dead wood requires specific morphological adaptations of the mouthparts and sensory structures involved in the search for habitat and food. In this study, the external morphology of antenna and its sensilla were studied using scanning electron microscopy in the saproxylic beetle, Clinidium canaliculatum, Costa 1839 (Coleoptera, Rhysodidae). Their moniliform antennae consist of a scape, pedicel, and nine flagellomeres. We identified seven different types of sensilla, according to their morphological characteristics: two types of sensilla chaetica (sc1 and 2), two types of sensilla basiconica (sb1 and 2), one type of sensilla campaniformia, one type of sensilla coeloconica, and Bohm sensilla. No sexual dimorphism was found regarding antennal morphology and sensilla type and distribution, except for the sensilla coeloconica. The functional role of these sensilla was discussed in relation to their external structure and distribution, and compared with the current knowledge on coleopteran sense organs. Results are basic information for further physiological and behavioral studies to identify their role in the selection of habitat, food, mates and oviposition sites.

The distribution of the three Italian species of Rhysodidae was reviewed by re-examining published data, museum conserved and newly collected specimens. Rhysodes sulcatus chronogeonemy encloses a large majority of old findings and only two recently confirmed active populations are recorded after the year 2000. Omoglymmius germari shows a similar picture, with only one recent record (2018) in the Pollino National Park (Basilicata) but a small number of active populations after 2000. Clinidium canaliculatum populations are in a much better conservation status, with about 50 new sites detected after 2000 in the Sila National Park. Threats and research/monitoring needs have been discussed for each species and new IUCN status proposed for Italian populations: Critically Endangered (CR) for Rhysodes and Omoglymmius, Near Threatened (NT) for Clinidium., Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 51 No. 1 (2019)

Data from the literature and from specimens preserved at the Colección Nacional de Insectos (CNIN) Instituto de Biología, UNAM were used to compile a checklist of the fauna of Coleoptera of the state of Morelos, México. A sum of 70 families, 167 subfamilies, 361 tribes, 1,022 genera, and 2,606 species are recorded; from this 24 species are new records for Morelos. The State of Morelos ranks fourth in Coleoptera species richness for Mexico, following Veracruz (3,176 spp.), Oaxaca (2,148 spp.) and Chiapas (1,734 spp.). The checklist presented here provides a summary that can serve as a basis for future progress in the knowledge of Mexican Coleoptera.

Diversity: 23 tribes, 131 genera, 721 species. The family Carabidae, commonly known as “Ground Beetles,” is one of the ten largest beetle families and is the largest family in the coleopteran suborder Adephaga. This family was erected by Latreille in 1802 at which time it contained 29 genera. Today, the Carabidae contains an estimated 39,000 described species, in ca. 100 tribes and 1860 genera (Lorenz, 2005). Modern classifications of the Carabidae include groups that were previously ranked as families, such as Cicindelidae, Omophronidae, Paussidae, and Rhysodidae. Recognition: All adult carabids possess three features which distinguish them from other terrestrial beetles: the hind coxae are fixed in place, the hind coxae divide the first visible sternite of the abdomen, and they have an internal pair of glands in the abdomen used for generating defense chemicals. These glands cannot be seen externally; however, their use produces distinctive and powerful sprays and odors in many carabid lineages. Two carabid lineages, the Brachinini and Paussinae, are known as “Bombardier and False bombardier beetles, respectively” since they have the ability to explosively discharge defensive chemicals at temperatures of 55–100uC (Aneshansley et al., 1969). This type of defensive system is unique among the beetles (Bousquet and Larochelle, 1993).

Family Rhysodidae Laporte, 1840 Comments. Azadbakhsh & Nozari (2015) considered Rhysodidae as a subfamily of Carabidae while it is a valid family of Adephaga (Bouchard et al. 2011; A. Newton - personal communication)., Published as part of Van Vondel, Bernhard J., Ostovan, Hadi & Ghahari, Hassan, 2017, An annotated checklist of Iranian Myxophaga (Hydroscaphidae, Sphaeriusidae) and Adephaga (Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Rhysodidae) (Insecta: Coleoptera), pp. 225-246 in Zootaxa 4216 (3) on page 239, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.231790, {"references":["Azadbakhsh, S. & Nozari, J. (2015) Checklist of the Iranian ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Zootaxa, 4024 (1), 001 - 108.","Bouchard, P., Bousquet, Y., Davies, A. E., Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A., Lawrence, J. F., Lyal, C. H. C., Newton, A. F., Reid, C. A. M., Schmitt, M., Slipinski, S. A. & Smith, A. B. T. (2011) Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys, 88, 1 - 972. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 88.807"]}

Omoglymmius (s. str.) wukong sp. n. (Coleoptera: Rhysodidae: Omoglymmiini) is described from Xizang, China. Relevant morphological characters of the new species are illustrated with colour plates, and known distribution of the subgenus Omoglymmius in the Himalayan region is mapped.

A new data about the distribution in Bulgaria of the rare species Omoglymmius germari is given. His nature conservation value is discussed.

An annotated checklist of Myxophaga (Hydroscaphidae and Sphaeriusidae) and Adephaga (including Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Rhysodidae) from Iran is compiled. The total number of taxa include 39 species of 15 genera. The family Haliplidae is represented by 15 species, Gyrinidae by 12 species, Noteridae by seven species, Rhysodidae by three species, and Hydroscaphidae and Sphaeriusidae by one species each. Two species, Gyrinus (Gyrinus) dejeani Brullé 1832 (Gyrinidae) and Haliplus (Haliplidius) confinis Stephens 1828 (Haliplidae) are new records for the fauna of Iran.

Rhyz odiastes ( Temoana ) xii sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Rhysodidae: Clinidiini) is described from Hainan Island, China. Important morphological characters of the new species are illustrated. An updated key to nine species of of the R . ( T .) singularis species-group is compiled so as to include the new species.

Kaveinga (Ingevaka) bellorum n. sp. is described and distinguished from K. (I.) orbitosa (Broun), the only described species in the subgenus Ingevaka Bell & Bell. Its relationship to other species of Kaveinga Bell & Bell s. lat. is discussed and attention drawn to characters linking it with the subgenus Vakeinga Bell & Bell. Lectotype designations are made for Rhysodes pensus Broun, Rhysodes orbitosa Broun, Rhysodes eminens Broun and Rhysodes proprius Broun.

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In Rhysodini the greatly enlarged mentum forms the entering edge as the beetle wedge-pushes its way through wood. The mandibles cannot bite either wood fibers or food items, but function as a cover for the other mouthparts. The palpi are completely retractile. Each maxilla bears two stylets, the galea and lacinia, and the ligula consists of two bilobed structures. These are apparently the sole feeding structures enabling the beetles to prey on the amoeboid stage of slime molds. The large internal cavity of the head is interpreted as a compromise between a greatly reduced head volume, resulting from reduced jaw musculature, and the need to retain the surface of a full-sized head as part of the wedge-pushing apparatus.

National audience; Some new French and Spanish records of Rhysodes sulcatus (F., 1787) are presented with up to date distribution maps. Occurence in France of Omoglymmius (s. s.) germari (Ganglbauer, 1892) is considered. Habitus of the four European species of Rhysodidae are presented

All species-group names of Trachypachidae, Rhysodidae, and Carabidae (including cicindelincs) correctly recorded from America north of Mexico are catalogued with state and province records. Valid names are listed with the author(s), date of publication, and page citation in their current and original combinations while all synonyms are provided in their original combinations. Genus-group names are recorded with the author(s), date of publication, page citation, type species, and kind of type species fixation. Species groups were preferred to subgenera but subscneric names are also listed.The following nomenclatural changes are proposed and discussed:Bembidion neocoerulescensBousquet, new replacement name forB.coerulescensVan Dyke, 1925;Chlaenius circumcinctusSay, 1830 forC.perplexusDejean, 1831;Cyclotrachelus dejeanellus(Csiki, 1930) forC.morio(Dejean, 1828);Cyclotrachelus freitagiBousquet, new replacement name forC.obsoletus(Say, 1830);Dyschirius aeneolusLeConte, 1850 forD.frigidusMannerheim, 1853;Harpalus laevipesZetterstedt, 1828 forH.quadripunctatusDejean, 1829;Harpalus providensCasey, 1914 forH.viduusLeConte, 1865;Harpalus reversusCasey, 1924 forH.funerariusCsiki, 1932;Notiophilus sierranusCasey, 1920 forN.obscurusFall, 1901;PseudamaraLindroth, 1968 forDisamaraLindroth, 1976;Pterostichus trinarius(Casey, 1918) forP.ohionisCsiki, 1930;Stenolophus carboBousquet, new replacement name forS.carbonarius(Dejean, 1829).Thirty-six new synonyms are established and seven, considered as questionable, are confirmed. They are (with the valid names in parentheses):Agonothorax planipennisMotschulsky, 1850 (= ?Agonum affineKirby, 1837);Platynus variolatusLeConte, 1851 (=Agonum limbatumMotschulsky, 1845);Agonum nitidumHarris, 1869 (= ?Agonum melanariumDejean, 1828);Amerinus fuscicornisCasey, 1914 andA.longipennisCasey, 1914 (=Amerinus linearis(LeConte, 1863));Apristus fuscipennisMotschulsky, 1864 (=Apristus latensLeConte, 1848);Batenus aeneolusMotschulsky, 1865 (=Agonum exaratum(Mannerheim, 1853));Brachystylus curtipennisMotschulsky, 1859 (=Pterostichus congestus(Ménétriés, 1843));Brachystylus parallelusMotschulsky, 1859 (= ?Pterostichus californicus(Dejean, 1828));Cratacanthus cephalotesCasey, 1914,C.subovalisCasey, 1914, andC.texanusCasey, 1884 (=Cratacanthus dubius(Palisot de Beauvois, 1811));Cymindis commaT.W. Harris, 1869 (= ?Cymindis limbatusDejean, 1831);Feronia praetermissaChaudoir, 1868 (=Pterostichus commutabilis(Motschulsky, 1866));Galerita angusticepsCasey, 1920 (=Galerita janus(Fabricius, 1792));Gonoderus cordicollisMotschulsky 1859 (=Pterostichus tristis(Dejean, 1828));Anisodactylus alternansLeConte, 1851 (=Anisodactylus alternans(Motschulsky, 1845));Hypherpes spissitarsisCasey, 1918 (=Pterostichus tarsalisLeConte, 1873);Lebia brunnicollisMotschulsky, 1864 (=Lebia lobulataLeConte, 1863);Lebia subfigurataMotschulsky, 1864 andL.sublimbataMotschulsky, 1864 (=Lebia analisDejean, 1825);Lophoglossus bispiculatusCasey, 1913 andL.illiniCasey, 1913 (=Lophoglossus scrutator(LeConte, 1848));Platysma leconteianumLutshnik, 1922 (=Pterostichus commutabilis(Motschulsky, 1866));Loxandrus irisMotschulsky, 1866(=Loxandrus rectus(Say, 1823));Masoreus americanusMotschulsky, 1864 (=Stenolophus rotundicollis(Haldeman, 1843));Notaphus laterimaculatusMotschulsky, 1859 (=Bembidion approximatum(LeConte, 1852));Notiophilus cribrilaterusMotschulsky, 1864 (=Notiophilus novemstriatusLeConte, 1848);Omaseus brevibasisCasey, 1924 (=Pterostichus luctuosus(Dejean, 1828));Notaphus incertusMotschulsky, 1845 (=Bembidion breve(Motschulsky, 1845));Peryphus concolorMotschulsky, 1850 (=Bembidion platynoidesHayward, 1897);Peryphus erosusMotschulsky, 1850 (=Bembidion transversaleDejean, 1831);Peryphus subinflatusMotschulsky, 1859 (=Bembidion petrosum petrosumGebler, 1833);Planesus fuscicollisMotschulsky, 1865 andP.laevigatasMotschulsky, 1865 (=Cymindis platicollis(Say, 1823));Poecilus pimalisCasey, 1913 (=Poecilus diplophryusChaudoir, 1876);Pterostichus arizonicusSchaeffer, 1910 (=Ophryogaster flohriBates, 1882);Pterostichus sequoiarumCasey, 1913 (=Pterostichus tarsalisLeConte, 1873);Scaphinotus grandisGistel, 1857 (= ?Scaphinotus unicolor unicolor(Fabricius, 1787));Stenocrepis chalcasBates, 1882 andS.chalcochrousChaudoir, 1883 (=Stenocrepis texana(LeConte, 1863));Stenolophus humeralisMotschulsky, 1864 (=Stenolophus plebejusDejean, 1829); andStenolophus laticollisMotschulsky, 1864 (=Stenolophus ochropezus(Say, 1823)).Olisthopus iteransCasey, 1913 andPterostichus illustrisLeConte, 1851, listed as junior synonyms ofO.parmatus(Say, 1823) andP.congestus(Ménétriés, 1843), respectively, are considered in the present work as valid species.The type species (listed in parentheses) of the following 14 genus-group taxa are designated for the first time:CircinalidiaCasey, 1920 (Agonum aeruginosumDejean, 1828);EvolenesLeConte, 1853 (Oodes exaratusDejean, 1831);LeucagonumCasey, 1920 (Agonum maculicolleDejean, 1828);MegaliridiaCasey, 1920 (Cychrus viduusDejean, 1826);MegalostylusChaudoir, 1843 (Feronia lucidulaDejean, 1828 =Feronia rectaSay, 1823);MicragraChaudoir, 1872 (Micragra lissonotaChaudoir, 1872);OnotaChaudoir, 1872 (Onota bicolorChaudoir, 1872);OodiellusChaudoir, 1882 (Oodiellus mexicanusChaudoir, 1882 =Anatrichis alutaceaBates, 1882);OxydrepanusPutzeys, 1866 (Dyschirius rufusPutzeys, 1846);ParanchomenusCasey, 1920 (Platynus stygicusLeConte, 1854 =Anchomenus mannerheimiiDejean, 1828);PemphusMotschulsky, 1866 (Cychrus velutinusMénétriés, 1843);PeronoscelisChaudoir, 1872 (Tetragonoderus figuratusDejean, 1831);RhomboderaReiche, 1842 (Rhombodera virgataReiche, 1842 =Lebia trivittataDejean, 1831); andStenousChaudoir, 1857 (Oodes cupreusChaudoir, 1843).Two new family-group names are proposed, Cnemalobini (= Cnemacanthini of authors) based onCnemalobusGuérin-Méneville, 1839 and Loxandrini based onLoxandrusLeConte, 1852.The work also includes a synopsis of all extant world carabid tribes, a bibliography of all original descriptions, a full taxonomic index, and, as appendices, lists ofnomina nudaand unjustified emendations, and annotated lists of species incorrectly or doubtfully recorded from America north of Mexico and of new North American records.

Some remarkable elements of the saproxylic entomofauna from Pyrenees and neighbouring regions (Coleoptera). The Pyrenees hold a numerous fauna which has not been extensively studied yet, specifically in hill and montain forests. In those areas, saproxilic and relic insect fauna is still present in places where wood ressources have not been exploited by men or, on the contrary, which have been maintained beyong the age limit. New data records are reported regarding distribution or biology of some rare coleóptera such as : one Rhysodidae :Rhysodes sulcatus Fabricius, 1787 ; one Lucanidae : Aesalus scarabaeoides (Panzer, 1794) ; one Buprestidae : Eurythyrea austriaca (Linnaeus, 1 767) ; seven Elateridae : Lacon quercus (Herbst, 1784), L. lepidopterus (Panzer, 1801), Ampedus quadrisignatus (Gyllenhal, 1817), A. cardinalis (Schiödte, 1865), A. melanurus Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1855, A. elegantulus Schönherr, 1817 and Denticollis rubens Piller & Mitterpacher, 1783 ; one Eucnemidae : Isorhipis nigriceps (Mannerheim, 1823) ; one Tenebrionidae : Neomida haemorroidalis (Fabricius, 1787) and two Cerambycidae : Cyrtoclytus capra (Germar, 1824) and Acanthocinus reticulatus (Razoumovsky, 1789). The use of those taxons as quality sensors of the landscape patrimony is relevant for monitoring and conservation programs. Nevertheless other taxons need to be defined and added to the existing list of bioindicators., Les Pyrénées recèlent un patrimoine faunistique riche et mal connu, en particulier les étages collinéen et montagnard où une entomofaune saproxylique au caractère relictuel se maintient dans certains peuplements peu remaniés par l'exploitation forestière ou, au contraire, volontairement soumis à des survieillissements. Des observations originales sur la distribution ou la biologie de certains coléoptères rares sont présentées dont un Rhysodidae : Rhysodes sulcatus Fabricius, 1787 ; un Lucanidae : Aesalus scarabaeoides (Panzer, 1794) ; un Buprestidae : Eurythyrea austríaca (Linnaeus, 1767) ; sept Elateridae : Lacon quercus (Herbst, 1784), L. lepidopterus (Panzer, 1801), Ampedus quadrisignatus (Gyllenhal, 1817), A. cardinalis (Schiödte, 1865), A. melanurus Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1855, A. elegantulus Schönherr, 1817 et Denticollis rubens Piller & Mitterpacher, 1783 ; un Eucnemidae : Isorhipis nigriceps (Mannerheim, 1823) ; un Tenebrionidae : Neomida haemorroidalis (Fabricius, 1787) et deux Cerambycidae : Cyrtoclytus capra (Germar, 1824) et Acanthocinus reticulatus (Razoumovsky, 1789). L'usage de ces taxons en tant qu'indicateurs de la qualité patrimoniale des milieux est recommandable, en vue de programmes de conservation. Cette évaluation doit cependant reposer sur une liste plus large de taxons bioindicateurs., Brustel Hervé, Van Meer Cyrille. Sur quelques éléments remarquables de l'entomofaune saproxylique pyrénéenne et des régions voisines (Coleoptera). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 104 (3), août 1999. pp. 231-240.

Rhysodes boysi Arrow is described for the first time, sexual dimorphism is shown with figures, distinguishable characters of R. Boysi with its related species is given and systematic position of the family Rhysodidae is discussed.

Le comunita a coleotteri geoadefagi di alcune faggete ed abetine appenniniche, dal Casentino al M. Pollino (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Rhysodidae)qq PIETRO BRANDMAYR E TULLIA ZETTO BRANDMAYR Dipartinzento dz‘ Biologia - Um'1Jer_rz'ta2 di Trieste SUMMARY Ground beetle communities of the beech woods on the appennine chain, from Casentino to M. Pollino. The ground beetle communities of 14 beech and/or fir stands of the Appennine chain have been studied by means of pit-fall traps and hand collecting. A zoosociological table is given with data on the abundance (activity density) of about 60 species of Carabidae and Rhysodidae, based on the capture of 20.000 specimens. The ground beetle groupings of the Appennine Fagetum can easily be ordered in two main types: i) «cold» Fagetum of higher altitudes above 1500 m, northern exposures, well developed brown soil, where the Plerortic/mt (Oreop/Jilztx) laico/or-— Trz'c/Jolie/mz/5 nitem community is living. This association is characterized by a number of cold-preferent and hygrophilous species; it shows high biomass and higher presence or abundance of european and alpine-appenninic chorologies, and covers the ecological range of the Abieti- Fageta and Eu-Fageta. ii) Warm Fagetum of lower altitudes, southern slopes and less evolved soils, inhabited by an association with Sy/zzzc/ms 21z‘vzI[1‘.t and Carabz/5 z/iolaceus picem/5, low biomass, small numbers of european and alpine-appenninic forms, partly replaced by. southeastern-european ones (M. Pollino). This more thermophilous grouping covers at least in part the Cephalanthero-Fageta of geobotanists. Some indicators of humid-mediterranean, oceanic climate conditions have been recognized. Among these the most interesting is Calzzl/Jz/r mozzlizzagz/5, which inhabits only the Aquifolio-Fagetum, the warm bechwood type of the Southern Appennines and of Sicily. The carabid coenosis of Aquifolio-Fagetum shows scarce similarity (sorensen index) with other stands of the Central and Nortern Appennines. In Sicily the same Fagetum type bears also a greater number of «oceanic indicators», forest dwellers wich are mostly endemic of the W-Mediterranean Basin and have probably to be considered «historical indicators» of the montane evergreen forest belt of the Pliocene age. The geographical and ecological origin of the ground beetle coenoses of the Appennine beech forests is briefly discussed. Nel corso degli anni 1976 e 1977 abbiamo censito mediante trappole a caduta e ticerca diretta 14 stazioni d’ambiente forestale dell’Appennino, tutte appartenenti alla fascia altitudinale montana e caratterizzate da faggio o abete. Le faggete e le abetine dell’Italia centrale e meridionale rappresentano una parte cospicua del patrimonio forestale della penisola e sono abbastanza note dal punto di vista fitosociologico (es. Gentile 1969, 1974; Hofmann 1965, 1969; Feoli e Chiappella 1974; Feoli et al. 1974; etc.). Scopo della ricerca era la descrizione quantitativa o almeno qualitativa del (*) Ricerche svolte con il contributo finanziario del C.N.R., Programma finalizzato «Promozione della qualita dell’ambiente», Zoocenosi terrestri, Responsabile della linea di ricerca: Prof. Marcello La Greca (Catania). 685

Estimating the effectiveness of various dispersal methods is of basic importance to zoogeography. Rafting of colonizers in or on floating logs has often been hypothesized for groups in which other means of crossing water barriers seem highly improbable. It seems the only rational explanation for the crossing of water barriers by muroid rodents, lizards, and tree frogs on islands where the absence of other flightless terrestrial vertebrates precludes the possibility of past land connections. Among carabid beetles, rafting must have occurred; but it is hard to sort out its effects from those of flight or passive aerial transport. The Rhysodini (or Rhysodidae) provide an excellent means of studying the effectiveness of rafting because the way of life of these beetles gives them an excellent chance of being rafted, and because there are good reasons for believing that they are very poorly equipped to cross geographic barriers by other means.

RHYSODIDAE Clinidium (Clinidium) haitiense Bell, 1970:322. Erwin & Sims, 1984:428 *H Clinidium (Clinidium) smithsonianum Bell & Bell, 1985:134 *DR Clinidium (Clinidium) trionyx Bell & Bell, 1985:124 *DR Clinidium (Clinidium) xenopodium Bell, 1970:316. Erwin & Sims, 1984:428 *DR, Published as part of Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E., 2008, Arthropods of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti): A checklist and bibliography, pp. 1-530 in Zootaxa 1831 (1) on pages 83-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1831.1.1

RHYSODIDAE Clinidium (Clinidium) haitiense Bell, 1970:322. Erwin & Sims, 1984:428 *H Clinidium (Clinidium) smithsonianum Bell & Bell, 1985:134 *DR Clinidium (Clinidium) trionyx Bell & Bell, 1985:124 *DR Clinidium (Clinidium) xenopodium Bell, 1970:316. Erwin & Sims, 1984:428 *DR

(1888). LXIII.—On the mouth-organs of two species of Rhysodidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Vol. 2, No. 12, pp. 483-484.