7,288 results on '"rural electrification"'
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2. Hybrid renewable energy systems for rural electrification in developing countries: A review on energy system models and spatial explicit modelling tools
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Silinto, Berino Francisco, van der Laag Yamu, Claudia, Zuidema, Christian, and Faaij, André P.C.
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- 2025
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3. Sustainable rural development by hybrid power generation: A case study of kuakata, Bangladesh
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Bagdadee, Amam Hossain and Zhang, Li
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- 2024
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4. Feasibility of renewable energy microgrids with vehicle-to-grid technology for smart villages: A case study from India
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Nadimuthu, Lalith Pankaj Raj, Victor, Kirubakaran, Bajaj, Mohit, and Tuka, Milkias Berhanu
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- 2024
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5. Evaluation of research progress and trends in mini-grids for rural electrification: A bibliometric analysis
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Odoi-Yorke, Flavio, Abbey, Agnes Abeley, Abaase, Stephen, and Mahama, Mudasiru
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- 2024
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6. Mathematical programming models for multistage rural electrification planning: Off-grid, grid and mini-grid options
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Yazıcı, Gözde, Ekin Karasan, Oya, Kocaman, Ayse Selin, and Stoner, Rob
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- 2025
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7. Fracking, farmers, and rural electrification in India
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Fetter, T. Robert and Usmani, Faraz
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- 2024
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8. Decentralization, decarbonization and digitalization in swarm electrification
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Fuchs, Ida, Rajasekharan, Jayaprakash, and Cali, Ümit
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- 2024
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9. Optimal sizing of an off-grid and grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind system with battery and fuel cell storage system: A techno-economic, environmental, and social assessment
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Adoum Abdoulaye, Mahamat, Waita, Sebastian, Wabuge Wekesa, Cyrus, and Mwabora, Julius Mwakondo
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- 2024
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10. Rural electrification in Nigeria: A review of impacts and effects of frugal energy generation based on some of e-waste components
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Olaniyan, Abdulrahman, Caux, Stéphane, and Maussion, Pascal
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- 2024
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11. Optimizing hybrid energy systems for remote communities in Asia’s least developed countries
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Prum, Mengly, Goh, Hui Hwang, Zhang, Dongdong, Dai, Wei, Kurniawan, Tonni Agustiono, and Goh, Kai Chen
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- 2024
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12. Sustainable rural electrification through micro-grids in developing nations — A review of recent development
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Mosetlhe, Thapelo, Yusuff, Adedayo, Ayodele, Temitope, and Ogunjuyigbe, Ayodeji
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- 2025
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13. Quantitative techno-economic comparison of a photovoltaic/wind hybrid power system with different energy storage technologies for electrification of three remote areas in Cameroon using Cuckoo search algorithm
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Koholé, Yemeli Wenceslas, Wankouo Ngouleu, Clint Ameri, Fohagui, Fodoup Cyrille Vincelas, and Tchuen, Ghislain
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- 2023
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14. MPC-based control for a stand-alone LVDC microgrid for rural electrification
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Negri, Simone, Giani, Federico, Massi Pavan, Alessandro, Mellit, Adel, and Tironi, Enrico
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- 2022
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15. Renewable Energy Insights: Sources and Technological Advancements
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Bhardwaj, Ankur, Singh, Vivek Kumar, Srivastava, Neha, Series Editor, Mishra, P. K., Series Editor, Kumar, Santosh, editor, and Singh, Vivek Kumar, editor
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- 2025
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16. Development of a Household Synthetic Load Profile for Rural Electrification
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Ashetehe, Ahunim Abebe, Shewarega, Fekadu, Bantyirga, Belachew, Biru, Getachew, Lakeou, Samuel, Chlamtac, Imrich, Series Editor, Birhane, Abeba, editor, Shewarega, Fekadu, editor, Bitew, Mekuanint A., editor, Wagaw, Mekonnen, editor, and Abebe Ashetehe, Ahunim, editor
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- 2025
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17. Enhancing Rural Electrification: Delivering Affordable and Clean Electricity Through Mobile Battery Solutions
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Yu, Gang, Ye, Xianming, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Zhang, Haijun, editor, Li, Xianxian, editor, Hao, Tianyong, editor, Meng, Weizhi, editor, Wu, Zhou, editor, and He, Qian, editor
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- 2025
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18. Socioeconomic indicators and their influence on the adoption of renewable energy technologies in rural Malawi
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Nkhoma, Richard, Mwale, Vincent Dodoma, and Ngonda, Tiyamike
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- 2024
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19. A two-stage linear programming optimization framework for isolated hybrid microgrids in a rural context: The case study of the “El Espino” community
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Balderrama, Sergio, Lombardi, Francesco, Riva, Fabio, Canedo, Walter, Colombo, Emanuela, and Quoilin, Sylvain
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- 2019
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20. Optimization and feasibility analysis of hybrid standalone renewable energy systems for rural electrification in Chamoli, Uttarakhand.
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Faisal, Ameer and Anwer, Naqui
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GREENHOUSE gas mitigation , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *RURAL electrification , *HYBRID systems , *RENEWABLE natural resources - Abstract
Electricity access is often a persistent challenge in remote rural areas of developing countries because of high costs and logistical difficulties in extending the national grid. This work will investigate optimizing a hybrid standalone renewable energy system to provide a sustainable and adequate power supply to dispersed villages in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand, India. Integrating locally available renewable resources includes solar, wind, biomass, and biogas. In this work, an HSRES model will be developed using HOMER Pro software and Harris Hawk Optimization to optimize the sizing and cost of the system. The proposed HSRES model significantly reduces NPC and COE in traditional fossil fuel-based systems, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating environmental degradation. The optimized values of NPC and COE are 1,024,323 $ and 0.219 $/kWh. The HHO technique provides better results than the Homer Pro technique, as the NPC of the hybrid system is 0.25% less than that obtained in the case of the HHO technique. The work highlights the economic viability, ecological benefits, and social impacts of the HSRES model as it improves living standards and creates job opportunities, which contribute to economic growth in remote areas. It shows how the complementarity of the different renewable energy sources makes the HSRES model replicable for rural electrification worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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21. Review and outlook on reinforcement learning: Its application in agricultural energy internet.
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Fu, Xueqian, Zhang, Jing, Bai, Xiang, Chang, Xinyue, and Xue, Yixun
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PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems ,CLEAN energy ,AGRICULTURAL development ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,RURAL electrification ,REINFORCEMENT learning - Abstract
Agricultural Energy Internet (AEI), representing a key evolutionary direction in the integrated energy landscape of rural regions, holds a vital position in advancing the electrification of agricultural sectors. However, the disjointed control between agricultural loads and grid operations hinders the collaborative development of agriculture and energy. Addressing these issues, this paper investigates the current applications of artificial intelligence in the fields of agriculture and energy. The authors examine the evolutionary path of AEI, particularly emphasizing the critical technologies emerging from the intersection of agriculture, energy, and digital networks. Furthermore, the authors examine the critical technologies of reinforcement learning in the context of smart grid applications. In response to the challenges posed by low energy efficiency in rural areas, a reinforcement learning framework is proposed for coordinating fisheries, agriculture, livestock farming, and rural distribution networks. This framework provides a clear pathway for the application of reinforcement learning in AEI. This research acts as a conduit, merging agricultural and energy domains to promote a cohesive progression that markedly aids in the enhancement of rural electrification and the adoption of sustainable energy methodologies through reinforcement learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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22. Optimal design and techno-economic analysis of hybrid renewable energy systems: A case study of Thala city, Tunisia.
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Ayed, Yasmine, Al Afif, Rafat, Fortes, Patricia, and Pfeifer, Christoph
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GREENHOUSE gases , *HYBRID systems , *POWER resources , *RURAL electrification , *ENERGY industries - Abstract
This study explores the techno-economic feasibility of, both off-grid and on-grid, hybrid renewable energy systems for remote rural electrification in Thala City, located in the highest region of Tunisia, using wind and biomass resources. Employing Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources based on different scenarios includes grid-connected and stand-alone configurations with pumped storage hydropower and lead acid battery storage while minimizing the levelized cost of energy, the net present cost, and greenhouse gas emissions. The optimal configuration wind/biomass/pumped-hydro storage/Converter grid-connected, minimizes the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and net present cost (NPC), resulting in a cost of 501,540 US$ and LCOE of 0.042 US$/kWh. Notably, 7% of electricity is generated from olive mill waste, 69% from wind turbines, and 24% is purchased from the grid. This hybrid system emits 342 tons/year of CO2, 76% less than a grid-alone system, contributing to an annual CO2 reduction of 1000 tons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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23. Pricing the future: unveiling the effects of carbon pricing on socio-economic outcomes and energy poverty.
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Tamasiga, Phemelo, Onyeaka, Helen, Bakwena, Malebogo, and Ouassou, El houssin
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RENEWABLE energy transition (Government policy) , *RURAL electrification , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *WEB databases ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
The systematic review used PRISMA guidelines to examine the impact of carbon pricing mechanisms on energy poverty and socio-economic outcomes. Furthermore, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published between 1984 and 2023. Nine key themes emerge, including sustainable urban development, renewable energy transition, and governance challenges in energy distribution. The findings underscore the implications of the mechanisms for energy security and socio-economic aspects in developing nations. These mechanisms span multiple SDGs, including SDGs 1, 2, 4, 7, and 11. These findings have several implications, among others, (i) Strategically allocating carbon pricing revenue, e.g. targeted social programmes or investments in renewable energy, can counteract adverse effects and contribute to social equity. (ii) revenue from energy-related policies can be leveraged to alleviate energy poverty through rural electrification and infrastructural development. This study contributes insights for policymakers and practitioners emphasising the interconnectedness of environmental policies with broader development objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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24. Feasibility study of hybrid renewable energy systems for off-grid electrification in Kuwait's rural national park reserve.
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Alzuabi, Noura H. and Sh Alanzi, Sultan
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RENEWABLE energy sources , *RURAL electrification , *GREENHOUSE gases , *ENERGY consumption , *NATIONAL parks & reserves - Abstract
This study demonstrates the optimal design of a hybrid renewable energy system for the electrification of a potential rural national park reserve. The objective is to evaluate the feasibility of utilising renewable energy sources (RESs) to reduce GHG emissions. The core components studied are photovoltaic solar (PV) panels, wind turbines (WTs), diesel generators (DGs), and battery banks (BBs). The research involves estimating the reserve's load profile, assessing the potentials of RESs, and designing various system configurations. Each configuration is evaluated to derive the most efficient option. For a building with an energy demand of 832,640 kWh/yr, it is found that PV-WT-BB is the best configuration which comprises of 500-kW PV, 200-kW WT, and 1424-kW BBs and contributes an annual generation of 1,821,732 kWh/year. With a net present cost of $2,206,308 for the lifetime of the project, it saves 757,162 kg/year of total GHG emissions if the reserve operated using DGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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25. Electrification Planning for Off-Grid Communities in Sub-Saharan Africa: Advancing Energy Access.
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Lwakatare, Bertha, Vyavahare, Priyanka, Mehta, Kedar, and Zörner, Wilfried
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Sub-Saharan Africa, especially its rural areas, faces significant challenges in achieving universal electrification despite its abundant renewable energy resources. The region has the highest population without access to electricity, largely due to economic, infrastructural, and geographical barriers. Energy poverty is a critical issue that hinders sustainable development and exacerbates inequalities. Namibia's sustainable energy policy aligns with the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 7, which aims to provide affordable and reliable modern energy access for all. The policy emphasizes mini-grids and decentralized power systems as key strategies for rural electrification. However, despite increased deployment of mini-grids, these solutions often struggle with long-term sustainability. This research explores cost-effective electrification strategies through scenario-based modeling to reduce energy poverty and expand energy access in Namibia's rural communities, focusing on the existing mini-grids in Tsumkwe and Gam. Using a comprehensive methodology that incorporates HOMER Pro for mini-grid capacity expansion and MS Excel for evaluating main-grid extensions, this study aims to identify the most feasible and economical electrification solutions. The analysis compares electricity supply, total net present cost, and the levelized cost of electricity across these systems. The findings will offer insights into addressing energy poverty in Namibia and provide recommendations for sustainable and scalable rural electrification across Sub-Saharan Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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26. Sustainability of Rural Electrification Projects in Developing Countries: A Systematic Literature Review.
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Cuenca-Enrique, Carlos, del-Río-Carazo, Laura, Acquila-Natale, Emiliano, and Iglesias-Pradas, Santiago
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This study provides a review of the sustainability of rural electrification projects in developing countries to identify drivers of the long-term success of these initiatives. Unlike previous studies that often separate sustainability into social, economic, and environmental dimensions, this research adopts a comprehensive approach, acknowledging the interconnectedness of these aspects. Twenty-one sustainability drivers were identified. Based on these, a framework was proposed to organize them across project phases and key activities, supporting sustainable project planning and execution. This framework enables stakeholders to integrate sustainability considerations into the design and management of rural electrification projects, facilitating strategic action across diverse areas. The findings underscore well-known sustainability drivers such as renewable energy adoption while highlighting less-researched aspects, including project monitoring and waste management. Further studies should explore these under-researched areas and examine the potential of digitalization to enhance project sustainability, particularly as rural connectivity improves in developing countries. This approach can provide insights into optimizing rural electrification projects for long-term success and resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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27. A sky view evaluation of the impact of mini-grid projects on progress towards SDG7.
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Berthelemy, Jean-Claude and Maurel, Mathilde
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CLEAN energy ,RURAL electrification ,REMOTE sensing ,ELECTRIFICATION ,TEST design - Abstract
This paper proposes an evaluation study of the impact of mini-grid electrification projects on SDG7 (ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all). Questioning the effectiveness of mini-grid development programmes on electricity access is essential because we have observed many failed cases in which the mini-grids stopped delivering on their promises a few years after commissioning the equipment. Our approach is based on night-time light (NTL) data. The methodology is designed and tested using mini-grid projects precisely localised and documented in published papers. We compare NTL data for each project before and after commissioning. We show that in about half the projects, NTL detects significant positive changes after commissioning. We build a test of impact, which confirms the causal nature of the observed effects of mini-grid projects on progress being made in SDG7, based on a comparison between non-treated localities matched with treated localities. But the domain of validity of this conclusion has limitations, related in particular to remoteness, extreme initial energy poverty and insufficient inclusiveness. These factors should be considered in the design of mini-grid development programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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28. Assessing the socio-economic impact of the rural electrification programme on rural communities in Namibia: A case study in Tsumkwe area.
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Amakali, Joseph, Sunde, Tafirenyika, and Kaisara, Godwin
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RURAL electrification , *RURAL development , *SUSTAINABLE development , *ECONOMIC policy , *THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
Rural electrification is critical for socio-economic development, enhancing livelihoods, education, and productivity in rural areas. The Namibian government's Rural Electrification Programme (REP) aims to improve the socio-economic status of rural communities, many of which lack electricity access. This qualitative study uses semi-structured interviews with key informants to assess the socio-economic impacts of the REP in Namibia. Thematic analysis reveals that electrification significantly boosts productivity, income generation, healthcare, and education, yet also presents unintended challenges. For example, disparities emerge as not all residents can afford electricity, exacerbating socio-economic divides. Policy gaps, resource mobilisation, and infrastructural challenges hinder REP's full potential. This study's findings highlight the need for robust policies to ensure equitable and sustainable rural development, aligning with Namibia's Vision 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals. Further research should explore renewable energy integration and the broader impacts of rural electrification in Namibia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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29. Optimal design of off-grid hybrid system using a new zebra optimization and stochastic load profile.
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Ashetehe, Ahunim Abebe, Shewarega, Fekadu, Bantyirga, Belachew, Biru, Getachew, and Lakeo, Samuel
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HYBRID systems , *OPTIMIZATION algorithms , *POWER resources , *RURAL electrification , *COST control - Abstract
Renewable energy systems are becoming more and more popular and used these days as a result of environmental, technical, and economic concerns. The reliable and optimal economic size of the system is the primary issue with the renewable energy-based power supply system for rural electrification. A new Zebra optimization algorithm (ZOA) is used for the optimal design and to perform the techno-economic performance analysis of the renewable energy-based off-grid power supply system with the stochastic load profile of Ethiopian rural communities. The components of the power supply system are modeled, the objective function is formulated, and optimization and techno-economic analysis are performed to get the minimum total annual cost of the hybrid system with the consideration of loss of power supply probability (LPSP), stochastic load profile and solar module optimal tilt angle. Three off-grid power supply systems, such as PV-BAT, PV-WT-BAT, and WT-BAT, are proposed to evaluate the optimal configuration for the study site at various LPSP. The study's findings showed that the photovoltaic-battery (PV-BAT) system, with an optimal size of 3483.161 kW of PV, 3668 units of storage batteries (11,444.160 kWh), and 2082 kW of converter at 0.044030% LPSP, is the best configuration for electrifying the rural communities of the study site with the minimum annual total cost of 621,736.056 USD and 0.227063 $/kWh COE. It results in a 3.3% annual total cost reduction and a 1.3% unmet load (kWh/year) improvement as compared to the PV-WT-BAT system. The performance of the proposed ZOA in obtaining the optimal size of the renewable energy-based power supply system for rural communities is evaluated by comparing it with the previous studies, gray wolf optimization (GWO) and HOMER Pro software, and it was found that the proposed algorithm is best at finding the optimal size of the power supply system at the minimum annual cost. The standard deviation for ZOA and GWO, respectively, in determining the optimal configuration value for 25 runs is 14.295 and 36.360 for the PV-BAT configuration, indicating that ZOA is more reliable than GWO in determining the optimal size. Furthermore, ZOA yields a 16.76% reduction in the total net present cost when compared to the HOMER software results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Achieving universal energy access in remote locations using HOMER energy model: a techno-economic and environmental analysis of hybrid microgrid systems for rural electrification in northeast Nigeria.
- Author
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Lewis, Christopher Garrett, Ijeoma, Muzan Williams, Yakubu, Rahimat Oyiza, Chukwu, Benjamin Nnamdi, Chen, Hao, and Carbajales-Dale, Michael
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LIFE cycle costing ,DEVELOPING countries ,NET present value ,RURAL electrification ,DIESEL electric power-plants - Abstract
The developing world continues to face substantial obstacles to achieving affordable and dependable electricity access. This issue is especially pertinent for Nigeria, where diesel generators are widely relied upon in urban and rural regions because of an underdeveloped and unreliable national grid. The lack of grid reliability is worsened in Northeastern Nigeria, an area plagued by conflict, extreme poverty, and grid infrastructure deterioration. This study investigates the feasibility of implementing community-scale microgrids in rural areas without grid connection access. It focuses on assessing the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of utilizing these microgrids to deliver inexpensive and dependable electricity to underserved populations to increase energy access. A case study was conducted in Kabuiri, a village with an estimated population of 2,300 residents and an estimated load demand of 610 kWh per day. A hybrid microgrid system was designed and optimized to meet the community's load demand using HOMER software, sized to produce 610 kWh/day of electricity with a renewable penetration of 99%. The optimal solar PV/battery/generator system had a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of $ 0.093 per kWh, a net present cost (NPC) of $266,709, and an annual operating cost of $9,110. The system contributed 1,624 kg CO
2 eq/year of global warming potential and 56.81 kg O3 eq/year of smog formation during operation. Sensitivity analysis showed that the system could effectively react to or adapt to substantial increases in diesel prices, requiring only marginal increases in photovoltaic capacity and reduced generator usage to maintain the most cost-efficient operation. Additionally, the system model can be adapted based on the population of the remote community without substantially impacting the LCOE, however, the NPC increases with increase in population size. This research will aid in increasing energy access in remote locations by providing insights to stakeholders and energy access project developers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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31. Application of an Optimal Fractional-Order Controller for a Standalone (Wind/Photovoltaic) Microgrid Utilizing Hybrid Storage (Battery/Ultracapacitor) System.
- Author
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Albalawi, Hani, Zaid, Sherif A., Alatwi, Aadel M., and Moustafa, Mohamed Ahmed
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RENEWABLE energy sources , *SOLAR energy , *WIND power , *ENERGY storage , *RURAL electrification , *MICROGRIDS - Abstract
Nowadays, standalone microgrids that make use of renewable energy sources have gained great interest. They provide a viable solution for rural electrification and decrease the burden on the utility grid. However, because standalone microgrids are nonlinear and time-varying, controlling and managing their energy can be difficult. A fractional-order proportional integral (FOPI) controller was proposed in this study to enhance a standalone microgrid's energy management and performance. An ultra-capacitor (UC) and a battery, called a hybrid energy storage scheme, were employed as the microgrid's energy storage system. The microgrid was primarily powered by solar and wind power. To achieve optimal performance, the FOPI's parameters were ideally generated using the gorilla troop optimization (GTO) technique. The FOPI controller's performance was contrasted with a conventional PI controller in terms of variations in load power, wind speed, and solar insolation. The microgrid was modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software R2023a 23.1. The results indicate that, in comparison to the traditional PI controller, the proposed FOPI controller significantly improved the microgrid's transient performance. The load voltage and frequency were maintained constant against the least amount of disturbance despite variations in wind speed, photovoltaic intensity, and load power. In contrast, the storage battery precisely stores and releases energy to counteract variations in wind and photovoltaic power. The outcomes validate that in the presence of the UC, the microgrid performance is improved. However, the improvement is very close to that gained when using the proposed controller without UC. Hence, the proposed controller can reduce the cost, weight, and space of the system. Moreover, a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) emulator was implemented using a C2000™ microcontroller LaunchPad™ TMS320F28379D kit (Texas Instruments, Dallas, TX, USA) to evaluate the proposed system and validate the simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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32. Rural Electrification - A step towards Sustainable Development.
- Author
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Sirguroh, Momina
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RURAL electrification ,POWER resources ,RURAL development ,SUSTAINABLE development ,ELECTRICAL energy - Abstract
The diverse landscapes, climates and social structures across India's numerous regions, encompassing approximately 0.586 million villages present a spectrum of economic prospects rooted in leveraging local resources carefully. Sustainable development relies on the prudent utilization of these resources. Among various resources energy stands out as a very crucial for the sustainable development of rural areas. Rural electrification plays a pivotal role in fostering sustainable development in India by facilitating economic growth and social progress. Despite efforts, only 44% of rural households have access to electricity. The Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY), a national renewable energy scheme, aims to address this gap outlined in the National Common Minimum Programme (NCMP). While significant investments have been made in physical infrastructure, the focus has been on development rather than effective management. Ensuring reliable 24/7 power supply to essential facilities is crucial. The success of initiative like RGGVY hinges on empowering State Electricity Boards (SEBs) to enforce regulations and ensure reliable service delivery, especially during peak demand hours in rural areas. This paper delves into the significance and challenges of rural electrification, exploring technical solutions and viable strategies to empower policymakers in utilizing electrical energy effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Advancing Economical and Environmentally Conscious Electrification: A Comprehensive Framework for Microgrid Design in Off‐Grid Regions.
- Author
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Azad, A M Almas Shahriyar, Oishi, Zarin Tasnim, Islam, Md. Ariful, and Islam, Md. Rakibul
- Subjects
PRODUCT life cycle assessment ,RURAL electrification ,LIFE cycle costing ,LIFE cycles (Biology) ,ELECTRICAL load - Abstract
The design of renewable energy systems traditionally emphasizes life cycle costs, often focusing primarily on emissions rather than a comprehensive life cycle impact assessment. This research proposes a four‐tier methodology to balance cost‐effectiveness and sustainability in the electrification of remote areas. Tier 1 focuses on understanding the community context by analyzing electrical load profiles, meteorological data, and component specifications for microgrid design. Tier 2 evaluates the feasibility of various systems, optimizing them through cost analysis and Multi‐Criteria Decision‐Making (MCDM) to rank alternatives. Tier 3 assesses environmental impacts using life cycle assessment, ranking alternatives based on environmental criteria. Tier 4 integrates cost and environmental rankings to determine the most suitable energy configurations, followed by sensitivity analysis to ensure robust decision‐making. The methodology is validated through a case study of an unelectrified remote community, demonstrating that the PV‐Wind Turbine‐Biomass Generator‐Converter configuration is the most robust alternative, proving to be the optimal choice in 50% of the analyzed scenarios, achieving a Cost of Energy of 0.213 USD/kWh while minimizing environmental impact across all 18 criteria considered over a 25‐year life cycle. This novel framework offers a scalable approach to designing renewable energy systems, enhancing sustainable electrification efforts in developing regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Tinjauan Implementasi Kebijakan Listrik Pedesaan di Desa Semembang dan Desa Sanglar, Kecamatan Durai Karimun
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Doni Septian Septian and Yozi Rahmadeni
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rural electrification ,development ,relocation ,semembang ,sanglar ,Political institutions and public administration - Asia (Asian studies only) ,JQ1-6651 - Abstract
This research aims to examine the implementation of rural electrification policies in Desa Semembang and Desa Sanglar, Kecamatan Durai, Karimun, as well as the influencing factors. The research employed a descriptive approach with a qualitative method, utilizing data collection techniques such as interviews and documentation. Research informants included the Head of the Electricity Sector, members of the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) of the Kepulauan Riau Province, the Secretary of UP3 Manager and UP2K Manager of PLN Tanjungpinang, Village Heads, Village Consultative Council (BPD) members, youth representatives, and community leaders in Desa Semembang. Data analysis was conducted in reference to the policy implementation theory by Van Meter and Van Horn. The research findings indicate that although electricity development in Desa Semembang and Desa Sanglar has been initiated, its implementation has not reached its maximum potential. This is attributed to various challenges, including: 1) a policy shift from acquiring new machines to machine relocation, 2) transportation challenges in the machine relocation areas, 3) a limited number of available operators for the operational area, 4) financial resource constraints due to budget refocusing during the COVID-19 pandemic, 5) communication misunderstandings between the Department and the villages, and a lack of political support from the Legislative bodies of the Province and District within the sub-district's electoral district.
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- 2024
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35. Sustainable rural electrification: small hydropower stations, electrification and rural welfare improvement in Tanzania
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Haulle, Evaristo and Ndimbo, Gabriel Kanuti
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- 2024
- Full Text
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36. Availability of Employing Biomass Resources From Forest Residues for Bioenergy Production in Ethiopia.
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Alemu, Tewabech, Feleke, Sisay, Sugebo, Berhanu, Tsegaye, Mahelete, Jebeso, Gemechu, Tantu, Tegene, Mengist, Mulatu, Tolessa, Amsalu, and Bhuyar, Prakash
- Subjects
FOREST biomass ,RENEWABLE natural resources ,SUSTAINABLE development ,FUELWOOD ,RURAL electrification - Abstract
The urgency of addressing environmental challenges has become more apparent than ever in recent years. Using existing renewable resources and reducing environmental impacts is critical for boosting economic growth and sustainable development. Ethiopia has limited access to modern bioenergy because of insufficient biomass data and policy gaps. This study estimated the theoretical potential of forest residue biomass resources for modern bioenergy production in Ethiopia. A combination of forest statistics data, publicly available data, literature models, and standard procedures was utilized. Ethiopia generates approximately 16.4 million dry tons of recoverable forest residue biomass each year. This indicates that the theoretical energy potential of forest residue available in Ethiopia is about 1.8–4.93 billion liters of ethanol each year, equivalent to 172%–469% of the country's gasoline consumption. Alternatively, the same amount of residue could generate 1.23–3.29 billion liters of biodiesel (biomass to Fischer–Tropsch) each year, accounting for 40%–107% of the country's biodiesel consumption. The theoretical estimations also show that the recoverable forest residues have the potential to produce about 12.7–34 TWh of electricity. This could significantly improve remote rural household electrification while decreasing the country's reliance on fuel wood biomass for traditional biofuels by 26%. The findings indicate that generating modern bioenergy from forest biomass residue has the potential to contribute to Ethiopia's energy mix, boost rural power access, and open new avenues for socioeconomic development. Finally, it can be concluded that the study findings reported in this study are useful to energy professionals, researchers, and policymakers interested in biomass fuel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Optimization and Evaluation of a Stand-Alone Hybrid System Consisting of Solar Panels, Biomass, Diesel Generator, and Battery Bank for Rural Communities.
- Author
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Lata-García, Juan, Zamora Cedeño, Néstor, Ampuño, Gary, Jurado, Francisco, Swarupa, M. Lakshmi, and Maliza, Wellington
- Abstract
In a modern and globalized world, the advances in technology are rapid, especially in terms of energy generation through renewable sources, which is intended to mitigate global warming and reduce all the ravages that are currently occurring around the world. Photovoltaic and biomass generation sources are attractive for implementation due to the abundant energy resources they offer; however, the intermittency of these sources is a disadvantage when it comes to the needs of the load, decreasing the reliability of the system. Therefore, it is essential to use a backup and storage system such as a diesel generator and a battery bank to continuously supply the load demand. This work presents a case study to meet the energy needs of a community made up of 17 low-income homes on an island in the Gulf of Guayaquil in Ecuador. The optimization and economic evaluation of the hybrid system is achieved using specialized software, resulting in the optimized architecture of the renewable energy system based on the available resources of the locality. The architecture is made up of a 22 kW photovoltaic generator and a 1.5 kW biomass generator, while the diesel generator is 12 kW, the battery bank is made up of 58 units of 111 Ah, and the dispatch strategy is load tracking. The results of the economic evaluation indicate that the total cost of the system (TNPC) is USD 96,033, the initial cost for the implementation of the system is USD 36,944, and the levelized cost of energy is USD 0.276, which makes it attractive for implementation. The importance of this research lies in its practical approach to solving electrification challenges in isolated and low-income communities through a hybrid renewable energy system. By demonstrating how intermittent sources like solar and biomass can be effectively combined with backup and storage systems, the study provides a reliable, economically viable, and implementable solution, addressing both the global need to mitigate climate change and the local need for accessible energy in vulnerable regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Design and Performance Analysis of a Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic System With Battery Energy Storage in a Government School of Indian Village.
- Author
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Shukla, Aradhana, Yadav, Satish Kumar, Srivastava, Ashrya, Singh, Jyotsna, and Singh, Rajendra Bahadur
- Subjects
- *
BATTERY storage plants , *PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems , *RURAL electrification , *POWER resources , *SOLAR energy - Abstract
In India, energy security and electrification of rural area remains significant challenges. In addressing energy changes, solar photovoltaic (SPV) systems will play a major role, particularly in remote and rural areas. This research presents the design and performance assessment of a hybrid SPV plant integrated with battery energy storage system (BESS) at a government school within an Indian village. This hybrid SPV system is designed to utilize grid electricity when available, switch to solar power during the day when it is available, and use stored battery power at night time. The designed SPV system is of 1785 Wp, capacity coupled with a 560 Ah battery pack. The performance metrics, energy production, and storage efficiency, are analyzed using simulation data from PVsyst software. The results shows that system produces an annual energy of 2149.28 kWh/year and shows a performance ratio (PR) of 72.75% and a solar fraction (SF) of 98.31%. This proposed hybrid SPV system ensures continuous power supply, reduces dependency on the grid, and significantly lowers CO₂ emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Optimizing Solar Potential Analysis in Cuba: A Methodology for High-Resolution Regional Mapping.
- Author
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Domínguez, Javier, Bellini, Carlo, Martín, Ana María, and Zarzalejo, Luis F.
- Abstract
The development of solar energy at a regional scale necessitates a thorough understanding of available resources. Cuba, facing prolonged economic, environmental, and energy crises, urgently needs to enhance its sustainability through solar energy. Although solar resource mapping is widespread, Cuba lacks extensive field measurements, often relying on models that may not be ideally suited for large regions, like Matanzas province. Spanning over 12,000 km² with nearly 150 km between its northern and southern extremes, Matanzas presents challenges for high-resolution solar mapping. This study introduces a methodology that integrates various methods and databases to achieve the maximum resolution in the resulting solar map. This approach is designed for large areas, where conventional high-resolution models fall short. By optimizing calculation times and parameterizing the entire surface latitudinally, a high-resolution solar resource map for Matanzas has been developed. This map significantly enhances the understanding of solar resources in Cuba and enables the proposal of new methodologies for analyzing solar potential in similarly large regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Political Geographies of Rural Electrification: The Tennessee Valley Energy Region.
- Author
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Rutenberg, Micah
- Subjects
- *
ENERGY infrastructure , *RURAL geography , *RURAL electrification , *POLITICAL geography , *ARCHIVAL resources - Abstract
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) played a central role in delineating the Tennessee Valley as an energy region. Utilizing mapping as critical practice, this study delves into the spatial history of the region, examining how the construction of an integrated network of hydroelectric dams by the TVA underpinned a regime of techno-environmental development. By bringing together historical cartographic information and archival sources, mapping reveals how environmental, technological, and social infrastructures intertwined to create a complex geopolitical terrain. The emergent geography of the region demonstrates the TVA's belief that techno-environmental region-building could serve as a vehicle for progressive social change and provide a substitute for existing racialized political geographies. However, despite the TVA's public intentions, the benefits of development were unevenly distributed, ultimately perpetuating racial disparities and socioeconomic inequities. As our need to rethink energy infrastructure gains urgency, the map and accompanying text hope to provide reflection on the infrastructural underpinnings of the Tennessee Valley, offering potential insight for contemporary discussion on energy transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Design and optimization of an off-grid integrated renewable energy system for remote rural electrification in India.
- Author
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Saini, Vishal and Singal, S. K.
- Subjects
- *
LIFE cycle costing , *RURAL electrification , *DISCOUNT prices , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *SOLAR radiation - Abstract
This study aims to design the best off-grid integrated renewable energy (IRE) system for the electrification of twelve villages located in the Munsyari Block of district Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand state (India). Three off-grid IRE systems consisting of a solar photovoltaic (SPV) system/micro-hydro power (MHP)/biogas generator (BGG) and various battery energy storage (BES) devices like Lead-Acid (LA), Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion), and Sodium-Sulfur (NAS) have been proposed and optimized on the MATLAB to meet 8760-hour load demand. According to the simulation results, the total life cycle cost (LCC) and cost of energy (COE) of the SPV/MHP/BGG/NAS (base case) are INR 68.77 million and 16.77 INR/kWh, respectively. It offers approximately 20% and 100% lower LCCs than LA and Li-Ion battery-based IRE systems, respectively. The proposed system includes 676 SPV panels (NSPV), 648 BES devices (NBES), micro-hydro power of 25 kW capacity, biogas generator of 40 kW capacity, and power converter of 114 kW. Furthermore, the performance of the IRE system was evaluated by taking into account the load-resource associated uncertainties, and it was discovered that the LCC, COE, NSPV, NBES, and excess energy are increased by approximately 66%, 75%, 17%, 318%, and 373%, respectively, when compared to the base case. Finally, the sensitivity analysis has been conducted with the variable input parameters, such as inflation rate, discount rate, solar radiation, and dung collection efficiency. It is found that the variation in inflation rate significantly reduces the system LCC by 21.81 million INR. Whereas, variation in discount rate significantly increases the system COE by 5.72 INR/kWh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Electricity Accessibility and Household Business Start-ups in Rural Uganda: Evidence from Quasi-Experimental Analysis.
- Author
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Kamanyire, Maxwell Clovice, Matovu, Fred, and Wabiga, Paul
- Subjects
NEW business enterprises ,RURAL development ,ELECTRICITY ,PROBABILITY theory - Abstract
This article examines the impact of access to electricity on rural household business startups across 3 channels: (1) access to rural electrification programmes, (2) access to power (irrespective of the source) and (3) connection to the grid. We use inverse probability weighted regression adjustment on survey data collected from the central region of rural Uganda and apply propensity score matching (PSM) as a check to the robustness of our results. Our primary results reveal substantial and significant impacts of electricity access on household business start-ups across the three channels. Our findings remain robust, and hidden bias does not affect our results. We find that access to power seems to have a more significant impact than access to the other two channels. This suggests that for a better understanding of how electricity affects rural areas, a comprehensive analysis of all power sources is crucial. Additionally, we show that access to electricity primarily influences the establishment of service-related enterprises rather than manufacturing and processing enterprises. From a policy standpoint, our results indicate that developing a rural transformation program through enhanced electrification interventions necessitates multiple support programmes beyond merely extending the grid lines to rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
43. Out of the Darkness and into the Light? Development Effects of Rural Electrification.
- Author
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Burlig, Fiona and Preonas, Louis
- Subjects
RURAL electrification ,INTERNAL rate of return ,RURAL development ,DEVELOPING countries ,ECONOMIC impact - Abstract
Nearly 1 billion people still lack electricity access. Developing countries are investing billions of dollars in "last-mile" electrification, although evidence on its economic impacts is mixed. We estimate the development effects of rural electrification in the context of India's national electrification program, RGGVY (Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana), which reached over 400,000 villages. Using regression-discontinuity and difference-in-differences designs, we estimate that RGGVY meaningfully expanded electricity access. However, the program generated limited economic impacts after 3–5 years. Scaling our intent-to-treat estimates using instrumental variables, we find that "full electrification" reduces welfare in small villages but has a 33% internal rate of return in large villages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Energy needs within the rural community in Makueni County, Kenya.
- Author
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Kitetu, Job, Thoruwa, Thomas, and Omosa, Isaiah
- Subjects
- *
GLOBAL Positioning System , *WATER supply , *RURAL electrification , *ELECTRIC power distribution grids , *WATER power - Abstract
Literature shows that only 56% of Kenyan households had access to electricity, with rural areas having the lowest access rate at percent. The high cost of extending the power grid to remote areas and power losses on distribution are significant challenges facing rural electrification. In addressing power accessibility problems, especially in rural areas, there is a need for tapping hydropower generation through the invention and implementation of in‐duct turbines to maximize the utilization of already existing pressurized water ducts that supply water in various parts of Kenya for hydropower generation. Makueni County is endowed with gravity‐fed water ducts with high potential for hydropower which can innovatively be produced by application of in‐duct turbines. This paper focuses on the assessment of energy needs and applications in rural areas. The research design was exploratory and experimental in nature. It was exploratory because, through an assessment, it sought to explore and identify the potential areas within the water supply lines for the production of hydropower to supply hydropower in Makueni County. It was experimental because the researcher developed (designed and fabricated) a hydro turbine for use in the production of hydropower from gravity water ducts of a diameter raging 100 mm. The research revealed that 62% (98) used solar power for lighting their homes, while 17% (28), 12% (20), and 8% (12) used lanterns, electricity, and kerosene lamps, respectively. Among the fuels assessed was firewood which was identified as the most used fuel at 89% (140). This was followed at a distance far by paraffin at 6% (9) of respondents. The households at 100% (158) identified electricity as a potential source of lighting for their household. The study recommends harnessing hydropower to enhance reach to 100% of the rural communities. The energy availability will provide opportunities for communities and institutions in rural areas to open their minds to business development and engage in income‐generating activities like the rearing of poultry and the development of light industries like the gridding of maize and other cereals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. 宾县三生空间格局演变的碳流转路径动态研究.
- Author
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尚雅婕, 王 蕾, 贾 佳, 翟雅琳, and 陈媛媛
- Subjects
- *
CARBON cycle , *LAND use planning , *REGIONAL development , *CARBON emissions , *PUBLIC spaces , *RURAL electrification , *CARBON nanofibers - Abstract
[Objective] It reveals the spatial distribution of carbon flow and the key path of carbon element transfer in Bin County, grasps the existing problems of Bin County's Production-Living-Ecological (PLE) space ecological environment, and then provides theoretical support for the future low-carbon rural planning and land-use resilience planning and management decisions in Bin County area. [Methods] Bin County was taken as an example. The overall metabolic network model of rural carbon elements' was constructed to identify and master the evolution law of the PLE spatial pattern, to quantitatively measure the characteristics of carbon sources, carbon sinks and the spatial-temporal dynamic changes of carbon elements in Bin County. [Results] (1) The predominant use of land continued to be for cultivation, while other types of land use displayed varying degrees of change, impacting the ecological environment. (2) Bin County's expanding residential areas had resulted in an initial surge, followed by a decrease in overall carbon emissions. In 2010, carbon emissions of Bin County spiked to 3.07 times of their previous levels, marking a crescendo. In 2020. the emissions of Bin County decreased by 2.25 million tons. The increase in the carbon sink was associated with the alteration in the area of the ecological space. (3) The spatial distribution of high carbon sink and source density mainly concentrated in the central and western parts of Bin County. The cultivated land production space and urban living space were the key components of carbon transfer in the two periods, respectively, and the mutual carbon transfer between the two land uses was also the dominant transfer path in different periods. [Conclusion] The spatial distribution of carbon flow and key paths of carbon element transfer in Bin County mainly concentrate in the areas with rapid urbanization process, where the ecological environment has serious problems. In the future, land use elasticity planning can promote regional sustainable development by formulating sustainable rural low-carbon emission reduction strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. IntiGIS-Local: A Geospatial Approach to Assessing Rural Electrification Alternatives for Sustainable Socio-Economic Development in Isolated Communities—A Case Study of Guasasa, Cuba.
- Author
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Domínguez, Javier, Bellini, Carlo, Arribas, Luis, Amador, Julio, Torres-Pérez, Mirelys, and Martín, Ana M.
- Subjects
- *
RURAL electrification , *GEOGRAPHIC information systems , *HYBRID systems , *ENERGY industries , *RENEWABLE energy sources ,SOLAR chimneys - Abstract
Rural electrification is a crucial step for the socio-economic development of isolated communities. Decentralized power generation, typically more favorable for renewable energies, requires an accurate analysis of the different electrification options, whose convenience depends on multiple factors. The application of Geographical Information Systems (GISs) to energy planning allows the assessment at a local level, considering the variability and demand distribution of spatial resources. This work introduces IntiGIS-local, a GIS-based model implemented in the ArcGIS environment, designed to calculate the levelized energy cost (LEC) for different electrification options. The model allows the comparison between three power generation alternatives: solar system, diesel generator set and solar–diesel hybrid system. Configurations are adjustable through input variables, with a special focus on the confrontation between individual systems and microgrids. The objective is to provide an adequate groundwork for developing a decision-making tool to assess diverse rural electrification options in future studies. The model IntiGIS-local is tested in the case study of the Guasasa community (Cuba). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Improving the performance of PV/diesel microgrids via integration of a battery energy storage system: the case of Bilgo village in Burkina Faso.
- Author
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Yamegueu, Daniel, Nelson, Henri Thomas, and Boly, Amidou Singho
- Subjects
BATTERY storage plants ,DIESEL electric power-plants ,FOSSIL fuel power plants ,RURAL electrification ,POWER plants ,PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems ,MICROGRIDS - Abstract
Background: PV/diesel microgrids are getting more popular in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa, where the national grid is often unavailable. Most of the time, for economic purposes, these hybrid PV/diesel power plants in rural areas do not include any storage system. This is the case in the Bilgo village in Burkina Faso, where a PV/diesel microgrid without any battery storage system has been set up. This power plant is composed of three diesel generators operating in parallel (two of 16 kW and one of 24 kW), coupled with a photovoltaic field of 30 kWp. It was observed that for such power plants, the grid management is not always efficient due to constantly fluctuating solar output and loads. This inconsistency in energy output raises the question if integrating battery energy storage systems could improve the grid's performance. While many studies in the literature focus on hybrid energy systems, only a few of them have tackled the optimization of existing and operational systems. Methods: This study investigated three scenarios based on the existing microgrid's characteristics: conventional standalone diesel generators, PV/diesel without battery storage and PV/diesel with a battery storage system which are the main technologies used for off-grid rural electrification in Burkina Faso. The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) was used to assess the economic performance of each scenario, and the calculations were made using the HOMER software. Results: It was found that the best among the scenarios considered is the PV/diesel/battery configuration which has the lowest LCOE of US$ 0.524/kWh. The battery storage system for the optimal configuration has a capacity of 182 kWh with about 8 h of autonomy. Conclusions: It can be inferred from this study that a storage unit is necessary for an optimal management of a PV/diesel microgrid. Indeed, the storage unit significantly reduces the operating and maintenance costs associated with running diesel generators, as well as the excess electricity. The storage system also allows for a greater reduction in CO
2 emissions compared to systems without storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The effect of mini‐grid rural electrification on urbanization: Evidence from the pilot mini‐grid systems in Ghana.
- Author
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Gyimah, Justice, Liu, Yang, Nyantakyi, George, and Yao, Xilong
- Subjects
RURAL electrification ,URBANIZATION ,CITIES & towns ,RURAL population ,RURAL development ,HEALTH literacy - Abstract
Mini‐grid electrification constitutes an increasingly important solution to universal access to energy, notably in off‐grid rural Africa. Rural electrification has important implications for mitigating the immigration trends of the rural population toward urban regions. In this study, we adopted a mediation model to investigate the direct and indirect effects of mini‐grid electrification on the urbanization process, and multivariate regression is employed as a robustness check. More specifically, with the support of a mini‐grid project in Ghana, we conducted a survey to assess the perception of the local population about the impact of rural electrification on healthcare, education, employment, and security and further examined the impact of these development outcomes on their willingness to immigrate to cities. The study's findings suggested that the development of rural electrification helped improve education, healthcare, security, and employment, significantly affecting urbanization. Our study concluded that increased electricity access through mini‐grids tends to reduce the urbanization trends in rural Ghana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Advancing Economical and Environmentally Conscious Electrification: A Comprehensive Framework for Microgrid Design in Off‐Grid Regions
- Author
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A M Almas Shahriyar Azad, Zarin Tasnim Oishi, Md. Ariful Islam, and Md. Rakibul Islam
- Subjects
life cycle assessment ,multi‐criteria decision making and sensitivity analysis ,renewable energy ,rural electrification ,sustainability ,Technology ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Abstract The design of renewable energy systems traditionally emphasizes life cycle costs, often focusing primarily on emissions rather than a comprehensive life cycle impact assessment. This research proposes a four‐tier methodology to balance cost‐effectiveness and sustainability in the electrification of remote areas. Tier 1 focuses on understanding the community context by analyzing electrical load profiles, meteorological data, and component specifications for microgrid design. Tier 2 evaluates the feasibility of various systems, optimizing them through cost analysis and Multi‐Criteria Decision‐Making (MCDM) to rank alternatives. Tier 3 assesses environmental impacts using life cycle assessment, ranking alternatives based on environmental criteria. Tier 4 integrates cost and environmental rankings to determine the most suitable energy configurations, followed by sensitivity analysis to ensure robust decision‐making. The methodology is validated through a case study of an unelectrified remote community, demonstrating that the PV‐Wind Turbine‐Biomass Generator‐Converter configuration is the most robust alternative, proving to be the optimal choice in 50% of the analyzed scenarios, achieving a Cost of Energy of 0.213 USD/kWh while minimizing environmental impact across all 18 criteria considered over a 25‐year life cycle. This novel framework offers a scalable approach to designing renewable energy systems, enhancing sustainable electrification efforts in developing regions.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Enhanced demand side management for solar‐based isolated microgrid system: Load prioritisation and energy optimisation
- Author
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Yaju Rajbhandari, Anup Marahatta, Ashish Shrestha, Anand Gachhadar, Anup Thapa, Francisco Gonzalez‐Longatt, and Petr Korba
- Subjects
distributed energy resources ,particle swarm optimization ,renewable energy resources ,rural electrification ,stochasticity ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Abstract A novel control mechanism is presented for rural microgrids, standing out in the current literature with its advanced approach to load prioritisation and energy allocation. The system's main goal is to maximise energy supply to essential loads while effectively managing available resources. Distinct from traditional methods, this mechanism dynamically classifies loads according to user‐defined priorities, adjustable based on the control system's computational power and complexity. A critical feature is the utilisation of the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm to optimise demand side management (DSM). This innovative approach leverages day‐ahead load and generation forecasts to ensure optimal energy distribution across load levels, maintaining continuous power supply to high‐priority loads and reducing blackout risks due to generation and load fluctuations. Analyses under stochastic scenarios demonstrate the robustness of the control action, with percentile‐based day‐ahead forecasting allowing for adaptation to significant variations in renewable energy generation patterns. The implementation results are significant, maintaining 100% supply continuity to essential loads throughout the day, even with generation fluctuations up to ‐20%. This marks a considerable improvement in load satisfaction, increasing it from 83% to 96%. A significant advancement in microgrid control is contributed, providing an adaptive, user‐centric approach that enhances load management and energy distribution, and facilitates more resilient and efficient microgrid systems in the face of highly variable renewable energy sources (RESs).
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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