Search

Background: Perceived stress from schoolwork and perceived teacher care are shown to influence adolescents' life satisfaction. However, there is a need to further explore how levels of perceived school stress affect life satisfaction of Norwegian adolescents across gender and school levels using nationwide data, and whether this association is moderated by perceived teacher care. Hence, this paper sought to: (1) describe perceived school stress, perceived teacher care and satisfaction with life in Norwegian adolescents stratified by gender and school level, (2) examine the association between perceived school stress and satisfaction with life by testing perceived teacher care as a possible moderator and (3) explore the association between perceived teacher care and adolescents' satisfaction with life. Methods: We utilized cross-sectional data from the Norwegian Ungdata Survey from 2021, encompassing adolescents from lower and upper secondary school. Two-thirds of all Norwegian adolescents participated in the Ungdata Survey from 2021. All data is anonymous. The study variables are presented according to lower and upper secondary school as well as gender. Linear regressions were conducted and adjusted for socioeconomic status (SES) by using SPSS. Results: In total, 139,841 adolescents were included. Girls exhibited higher perceived school stress, lower perceived teacher care, and lower life satisfaction than boys in both lower and secondary school (all p < 0.01). Strong inverse associations on satisfaction with life were found in both genders in lower and upper secondary school among those who reported very frequent perceived school stress, with perceived teacher care moderating the relationship (B= -0.67; 95% CI [-0.70 to -0.65], P < 0.01]). Moreover, robust associations were unveiled between high and low levels of perceived teacher care and life satisfaction across gender and school level. Conclusions: Higher perceived school stress was strongly inversely associated with life satisfaction in Norwegian adolescents, in both girls and boys, and in both lower and secondary school. Teacher care was identified as a moderator and seems to play a crucial part in the everyday life of Norwegian adolescents. These implications extend to teacher education, practice, and policy, which should be aware of the pivotal role of perceived teacher care on Norwegian school-based adolescents' life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most catastrophic injuries that might lead to permanent use of a wheelchair and severely affects the quality of life, hence SCI patients report lower satisfaction with life (SWL) than the general population. Therefore, it is important to identify factors that determine SWL among wheelchair users with SCI. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of low SWL and to identify its determinants among wheelchair users with SCI in Egypt. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 105 wheelchair users with SCI from the Al Hassan Foundation for wheelchair users in Egypt. The main outcome measure was low SWL, while the independent variables included sociodemographic characteristics, injury-related characteristics, anxiety, depression, neuropathic pain, functional independence, and environmental barriers. Results: The prevalence of low SWL among study participants was 57.1%. We found significant associations between SWL and age, area of living, and age at injury. Additionally, SWL correlated negatively with anxiety, depression, neuropathic pain, and environmental barriers, and positively with functional independence. Finally, the binary multiple logistic regression revealed that living in Upper Egypt (p = 0.017, OR = 13.7), depression (p = 0.034, OR = 6.08), older age (p = 0.002, OR = 1.21), and work and school environmental barriers (p = 0.022, OR = 0.46) were the predictors of low SWL. Conclusion: To improve the SWL for wheelchair users with SCI we need to effectively manage neuropathic pain, depression, and anxiety, and promote functional independence. There is an urgent need to reinforce legislation to improve the living conditions for wheelchair users with SCI in Egypt, especially in Upper Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Korea is rapidly becoming an aging society, people are increasingly interested in the life satisfaction of the older adults. Therefore, the need for a tool that can precisely measure the life satisfaction of the older adults in Korea is also increasing. In this study, SWLS, which has been widely used to measure life satisfaction, was applied to Korean older adults. This study analyzed the life satisfaction of the older adults using item response theory that can supplement the limitations of existing research methods. Data from 3543 older adults who responded to the 2021 Korean Happiness Survey. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the goodness of fit of item 5 exceeded the standard value, and item 4 functioned differentially between the young-old and old-old. Based on the results of this study, it presented an empirical basis for the application of SWLS to the older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This research aimed to determine the impact of problematic mobile phone use on negative mental health outcomes among nursing students in India, highlighting the necessity for targeted interventions and support mechanisms to enhance the overall well‐being and adaptability of future healthcare professionals. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in three randomly selected nursing colleges in South India, employing validated and standardized tools such as the Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale and Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale. Results: The study included 402 nursing students with an average age of 20.47 years, revealing a 39% prevalence of severe problematic mobile phone usage. Positive correlations were observed between mobile phone problematic use and age, depression and insomnia. Additionally, strong negative correlations were found between satisfaction with life and self‐esteem. Depression and satisfaction with life served as chain mediators in the impact of self‐esteem on problematic mobile phone use, and both self‐esteem and satisfaction with life negatively predicted problematic mobile phone use. Conclusion: The study highlights a prevalent issue of problematic mobile phone use among nursing students, indicating a pressing need for timely intervention, as it correlates with depression, sleep insomnia, low self‐esteem and life dissatisfaction. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Over the last decade, using mobile phones has been prevalent among today's children and young people, coinciding with an increase in poor mental health in this population.Problematic mobile phone use may consist of various issues, including addiction/dependence, financial troubles, risky use (i.e. while driving) and restricted use (i.e. in prohibited places).From an epidemiological standpoint, prevalence rate estimates vary widely and there is little research and understanding regarding the aetiology of problematic and addicted mobile phone usage, particularly its progression. What this paper adds? The prevalence of severe problematic mobile phone use among nursing students is very high and needs immediate attention.There is a negative impact of mobile phone use on the mental health outcomes of nursing students.Positive life satisfaction and self‐esteem are protective variables that negatively predict problematic mobile phone use, while their influence is mediated by a chain reaction involving reduced depression, emphasizing the interconnected psychological dynamics. The implications of this paper: Further research is needed on the influencing factors of problematic mobile phone use and interventions to prevent mobile phone addiction among nursing students.The influence of mobile phone use on the mental health outcomes of nursing students can affect their clinical practice and productive life therefore the appropriate policies should be implemented.Implementation of short and rapid counselling services for the nursing students by the nurse educators should incorporate into the curriculum to achieve a better quality of nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hemodialysis (HD) patients have become a serious public health problem, the number of which is increasing every year worldwide. This study aimed to determine the relationship between satisfaction with life, dietary attitude, and comfort level in patients receiving HD treatment. Methods: This research was conducted in a relational cross‐sectional descriptive design. The research was conducted with 174 patients (85% of the population) receiving HD treatment between March 20 and September 30, 2023. In the study, hierarchical regression analysis was performed with SPSS 25.0. Machine learning analysis and prediction were performed using R programming language, version 4.1.3. Results: The model used to determine the factors affecting satisfaction with life was significant and usable (F(2,171) = 25.855, p = 0.001). Attitudes of HD patients toward dietary therapy and their HD comfort levels together explained 22.3% of the total variance of satisfaction with life. In the regression model, according to the results of the t‐test regarding the significance of the regression coefficient, the increase in the HD comfort levels of the participants (t = 2.668, p = 0.008) and the increase in the attitude of the HD patients toward dietary therapy (t = 5.897, p = 0.001) caused a statistical increase in "satisfaction with life." According to Shapley values, the most important variable in the prediction of satisfaction with life variable is attitude for the dietary attitude. Conclusion: It was determined that the increase in the comfort levels of HD patients and their positive dietary attitudes increased satisfaction with life. It is recommended to provide education to increase patients' diet attitudes and comfort levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We tested the role of sense of coherence, social support, satisfaction with life, and resilience, as resources in the association between fear of COVID-19, perceived vulnerability to disease, and depression. Data from 804 students were collected at three South African universities in 2022 and 2023 by means of an electronic survey and analysed using structural equation modelling. We found that higher levels of fear of COVID-19 and hopelessness were associated with depression among the sample. Satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, and perceived social support had significant negative relationships with depression, indicating that these represent potential protective resources. Perceived vulnerability to disease had a positive relationship with perceived social support. While fear of COVID-19 significantly impacted depression, it did not show a significant relationship with other mental well-being measures, such as satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, resilience, or social support. Hopelessness showed a strong negative correlation, not only with resilience but also with satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, and perceived social support, making it a critical factor in mental well-being. Perceived social support acted as a mediator between both hopelessness and perceived vulnerability to disease and depression. Satisfaction with life mediated the relationship between hopelessness and depression, and sense of coherence mediated the relationship between perceived vulnerability to disease and depression. While higher levels of fear related to COVID-19 and pervasive feelings of hopelessness were robust predictors of depressive symptoms, factors such as satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, and perceived social support emerged as protective resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate stories of life's greatest challenge among men in late adulthood from a narrative and developmental perspective. The investigations focused on narrative processes and the content of challenge narratives in relation to satisfaction with life and generativity. Narrative processes were analyzed using existing frameworks (Eriksson et al. Identity 20:157–169, 2020). The study showed negative, neutral/vague, redemptive, and a combination of positive and negative emotional sequences, among which negative sequencing was the most common. An additional narrative theme, metareflections of challenges as part of life, involved the conclusion that hardship is simply part of what one may expect from life. Analyses of types of challenges revealed six categories and a secondary coding the adversity of the challenges. In contrast to expectations, redemptive sequencing was not associated with either higher satisfaction with life or generativity. The few differences that emerged in the subsequent analyses showed that participants whose challenges were coded as not expected and potentially disruptive had significantly lower satisfaction with life and lower mean age when the challenge occurred. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the saliency of the challenges' timing and adversity. Negative framing was common in the challenge narratives of the men in late adulthood, without being negatively associated with satisfaction with life or generativity. The role of negative emotional sequencing in this study adds new perspectives to the emphasis on redemption and positive emotionality for well-being and generativity in later adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a lack of studies addressing the psychological mechanisms underlying the association between individual differences in greed and well-being. This study tested the relationship between dispositional greed, and satisfaction with life, as well as the moderating effect of social comparison orientation on this association (N = 373). As expected for hypothesis 1, we found that greed correlated negatively with satisfaction with life, and positively with social comparison orientation, even after controlling for individuals' mental health index (anxiety and depression), supporting the hypothesis 2. Further, the moderating effect of social comparison strengthened the relationship between high levels of dispositional greed and dissatisfaction with life, failing to support hypothesis 3. As such, individuals high on dispositional greed were less satisfied with life if they also showed lower (vs. medium level) levels of social comparison orientation. These findings add to the psychological literature on greed by showing that social comparison is not only positively related to it but can also be a vital mechanism for boosting psychological well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine the relationship between the attitudes of physical education and sports teacher candidates toward the teaching profession and their levels of satisfaction with life. The study population consisted of 203 students studying at Bartın University, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sports in the 2022-2023 academic year. The sample of the study comprised 165 volunteer students (98 male and 67 female) selected through a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using a personal information form for the candidates, the "Attitude Toward the Teaching Profession Scale (ATTPS)" and "Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)". The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage distribution, and arithmetic mean, as well as independent sample t-test and the pearson correlation analyses. The SPSS 26.0 software package was employed for data analysis. The study results revealed a significant difference in the mean total scores of ATTPS and SWLS based on the t-test results of the active engagement in sports variable (p<0.05). Regarding the family income variable, the correlation analysis indicated a moderate and positive significant relationship with mean SWLS total scores, while no significant relationship was found with mean ATTPS total scores (p<0.05). Similarly, for the leisure time variable, a moderate and positive significant relationship was identified with mean SWLS total scores, but no significant relationship was observed with mean ATTPS total scores (p<0.05). Moreover, a low and positive significant relationship was noted between ATTPS and SWLS (p<0.05). In conclusion, the study suggests that as physical education and sports teacher candidates' attitudes toward the teaching profession increase, their levels of satisfaction with life are likely to rise. Simultaneously, an increase in satisfaction with life may contribute to a higher level of positive attitude toward the teaching profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior studies comparing Syrian refugee adolescents to their native peers in the same region have found higher anxiety and lower life satisfaction. Therefore, identifying regulatory variables is crucial for implementing support programs. This study examined the mediating effect of peer relationships and the moderating effect of being a refugee or native adolescent on the relationship between adolescent anxiety and life satisfaction across different samples. Participants and setting: The study included 2,336 adolescents aged 11–19 (M = 14.79, SD = 1.04). Participants completed the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The mediation and moderation effects were analyzed with the path analysis codes written on Mplus 8.3. SPSS 26 was used for descriptive statistics and group comparisons. The findings showed that peer relationships mediate adolescent anxiety and life satisfaction, and this relationship is moderated according to whether the participants are native adolescents or refugee adolescents. This study highlights the significant associations between peer relationships, adolescent anxiety, and life satisfaction and the moderating role of the participant identity. The findings may inform psychological interventions to improve Syrian refugee adolescents' mental health and well-being. These findings may also have implications for policies and programs aimed at supporting the integration of Syrian refugee adolescents in host communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives This study examined intraindividual change in satisfaction with life (SWL) in Swiss older adults before, during, and after COVID-19. It assessed whether predictors of adaptation influenced SWL stability, and whether this differed depending on adverse childhood experiences (ACE). Methods SWL was assessed eight times over a 21-month period. ACE, emotion regulation, meaning in life, and subjective socio-economic status (SES) were assessed as predictors. Data were analyzed using growth curve modeling. Results The sample consisted of two groups: A risk group (RG: n = 111, Mage = 69.4 years) comprised of individuals with a high risk of having been exposed to ACE, and a (low-risk) control group (CG: n = 120, Mage = 70.3 years). Intraindividual change in SWL was predicted by (presence of) meaning in life only in the RG, and by subjective SES only in the CG. Conclusion Results identified predictors of stable SWL trajectories and the potential for positive psychological functioning into later life, despite past and current prolonged adversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined whether social support and resilience mediate the association of stress with satisfaction with life and flourishing. Participants were 230 undergraduate students (54% males; mean age = 23.75±1.24 years) who completed the measures of perceived stress, social support, resilience, satisfaction with life, and flourishing. Results revealed that: (i) perceived stress was indirectly related to satisfaction with life via social support and resilience, but was not negatively related to satisfaction with life and (ii) perceived stress was indirectly related to flourishing via social support and resilience and negatively related to flourishing. These results highlight the importance of social and psychological resources (i.e. social support and resilience) in mitigating the impact of stress on the well-being and flourishing of individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Youth Research is the property of Genclik & Spor Bakanligi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

IntroductionThe extent to which the Big Five personality traits and subjective well-being (SWB) are discriminatory predictors of clinical manifestation of dementia versus dementia-related neuropathology is unclear.MethodsUsing data from eight independent studies (Ntotal = 44,531; Ndementia = 1703; baseline Mage = 49 to 81 years, 26 to 61% female; Mfollow-up range = 3.53 to 21.00 years), Bayesian multilevel models tested whether personality traits and SWB differentially predicted neuropsychological and neuropathological characteristics of dementia.ResultsSynthesized and individual study results indicate that high neuroticism and negative affect and low conscientiousness, extraversion, and positive affect were associated with increased risk of long-term dementia diagnosis. There were no consistent associations with neuropathology.DiscussionThis multistudy project provides robust, conceptually replicated and extended evidence that psychosocial factors are strong predictors of dementia diagnosis but not consistently associated with neuropathology at autopsy.HighlightsN(+), C(-), E(-), PA(-), and NA(+) were associated with incident diagnosis. Results were consistent despite self-report versus clinical diagnosis of dementia. Psychological factors were not associated with neuropathology at autopsy. Individuals with higher conscientiousness and no diagnosis had less neuropathology. High C individuals may withstand neuropathology for longer before death.

Abstract Background Perceived stress from schoolwork and perceived teacher care are shown to influence adolescents’ life satisfaction. However, there is a need to further explore how levels of perceived school stress affect life satisfaction of Norwegian adolescents across gender and school levels using nationwide data, and whether this association is moderated by perceived teacher care. Hence, this paper sought to: (1) describe perceived school stress, perceived teacher care and satisfaction with life in Norwegian adolescents stratified by gender and school level, (2) examine the association between perceived school stress and satisfaction with life by testing perceived teacher care as a possible moderator and (3) explore the association between perceived teacher care and adolescents’ satisfaction with life. Methods We utilized cross-sectional data from the Norwegian Ungdata Survey from 2021, encompassing adolescents from lower and upper secondary school. Two-thirds of all Norwegian adolescents participated in the Ungdata Survey from 2021. All data is anonymous. The study variables are presented according to lower and upper secondary school as well as gender. Linear regressions were conducted and adjusted for socioeconomic status (SES) by using SPSS. Results In total, 139,841 adolescents were included. Girls exhibited higher perceived school stress, lower perceived teacher care, and lower life satisfaction than boys in both lower and secondary school (all p

Abstract Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most catastrophic injuries that might lead to permanent use of a wheelchair and severely affects the quality of life, hence SCI patients report lower satisfaction with life (SWL) than the general population. Therefore, it is important to identify factors that determine SWL among wheelchair users with SCI. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of low SWL and to identify its determinants among wheelchair users with SCI in Egypt. Methods A cross-sectional study included 105 wheelchair users with SCI from the Al Hassan Foundation for wheelchair users in Egypt. The main outcome measure was low SWL, while the independent variables included sociodemographic characteristics, injury-related characteristics, anxiety, depression, neuropathic pain, functional independence, and environmental barriers. Results The prevalence of low SWL among study participants was 57.1%. We found significant associations between SWL and age, area of living, and age at injury. Additionally, SWL correlated negatively with anxiety, depression, neuropathic pain, and environmental barriers, and positively with functional independence. Finally, the binary multiple logistic regression revealed that living in Upper Egypt (p = 0.017, OR = 13.7), depression (p = 0.034, OR = 6.08), older age (p = 0.002, OR = 1.21), and work and school environmental barriers (p = 0.022, OR = 0.46) were the predictors of low SWL. Conclusion To improve the SWL for wheelchair users with SCI we need to effectively manage neuropathic pain, depression, and anxiety, and promote functional independence. There is an urgent need to reinforce legislation to improve the living conditions for wheelchair users with SCI in Egypt, especially in Upper Egypt.

Background: Recovery from psychopathology in patients with personality disorder (PD) after the therapeutic intervention is not necessarily accompanied by an increase in their quality of life. This phenomenon can be understood from a bifactorial model of affect and challenges our therapeutic design to focus on recovery. Method: In a sample of severe PD, we evaluate emotional and clinical variables before (N = 414) and after (N = 247) a 6-month intervention program. Results: The level of emotion intensity influences the association between positive and negative affect (PA and NA; p < .0001). Patients with a “self-constructive” affective profile improve more in PA than in NA ( p = .008). Conclusions: The specific promotion of PA, applied in a phase in which the person experiences less negative emotional reactivity, could improve satisfaction with life and psychosocial functioning of PD patients.

This study aims to assess the patterns of life satisfaction with life (SwL), sexual satisfaction, and adjustment to aging (AtA), of older adults in Mexico and Portugal. A sample of 658 older adults, aged 65 years-old and older, from Mexico and Portugal were recruited for this cross-cultural study. The following measures were applied: (a) Adjustment to Aging Scale (ATAS); (b) Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS); (c) New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (NSSS); (d) Mini-Mental State Exam; and (e) Sociodemographic, health and lifestyle questionnaire. Clusters were identified and characterized by using K-means cluster analysis, encompassing SwL, AtA, and sexual satisfaction. Sexual well-being differences among clusters were analyzed with One-way ANOVAs. Findings indicated three clusters, which explained 76.4% (R-sq = 0.764) of the total variance: Cluster #1: "Moderately adjusted older adults" (n = 355, 53.9%), Cluster #2: "Moderately fulfilled older adults" (n = 265, 40.3%), and Cluster 3: "Well adjusted and satisfied older adults" (n = 38, 5.8%). Participants in Cluster #1 were mostly Mexican, with moderate levels of AtA and reduced sexual satisfaction and SwL. Conversely, Cluster #2 predominantly consisted of Portuguese participants with moderate sexual satisfaction and SwL, and lower levels of AtA. Participants from Cluster #3 were mostly Portuguese with high levels of AtA, sexual satisfaction, and SwL. This innovative study explored the intricate relationship between sexual well-being, the ability to adjust to aging, and overall SwL, in two different cultural contexts. Findings contributed to the understanding of the relationship between these three variables and for developing tailored future interventions and service planning with older adults in different cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: From a cross-cultural perspective, aging well may encompass pertinent challenges in terms of adjustment, sexual well-being, and satisfaction with life in the late years. Considering the paucity of empirical data concerning cultural diversity of experiencing aging, this study aims to help fill this gap by assessing the specific patterns of sexual satisfaction, adjustment to aging (AtA), and life satisfaction with life (SwL) of older adults in Portugal and Spain. Methods: This cross-national study included 326 older adults, age 65 and older, from Portugal and Spain. Five instruments were applied: (a) Adjustment to Aging Scale (ATAS); (b) Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS); (c) New Sexual Satisfaction Scale-Short (NSSS-S); (d) Mini-Mental State Exam; and (e) Sociodemographic, Health and Lifestyle questionnaire. K-means cluster analysis was employed to identify and characterize the clusters considering adjustments to aging, sexual satisfaction, and life satisfaction. One-way ANOVAs were conducted to analyze differences in sexual well-being among clusters. Results: Findings indicated three clusters, which explained 77.7% (R-sq = 0.777) of the total variance: Cluster 1: “Most skilled” (n = 26, 8.0%), Cluster 2: “Least adjusted” (n = 115, 35.3%), and Cluster 3: “Aging strivers” (n = 185, 56.7%). Participants in Cluster 1 were mostly Portuguese, with high levels of AtA, sexual satisfaction, and SWL. Conversely, Cluster 2 included mostly Portuguese participants with moderate sexual satisfaction and lower levels of AtA and SwL. Participants from Cluster 3 were mostly Spanish, with moderate levels of AtA and reduced sexual satisfaction and SwL. Conclusions: This study innovates by exploring the elaborate interplay among sexual satisfaction, AtA, and SwL in a cross-cultural perspective, with implications for tailoring interventions, service planning, development, and evaluation of culturally diverse older populations.

The perception of well-being through tourism improves the quality of life of tourists, and for senior tourists, this relationship is even more promising. While the association between tourism and mental health is clear, the processes involved are not always clarified. Thus, this systematic literature review aims to explore and systematise the benefits of senior tourism for well-being, happiness, and satisfaction with life. Following the PRISMA method, the search was undertaken on platforms SCOPUS and Web of Science, using the research terms “senior tourism”, “elderly tourism”, “well-being”, and “life satisfaction”. Articles were included, if published after 2018, peer-reviewed, in English, concerning an overview of senior well-being and tourism. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final sample comprised 16 articles. Senior tourists experience higher well-being, happiness, and satisfaction with life when their goals are of high valence, more likely to be achieved, coherent with the activities, and when they feel pleasure associated with achieving those goals. Still, senior tourists' happiness, life satisfaction and well-being are associated with four central elements: interpersonal relationships; time and resource management; achievement of goals and objectives; and management of the personal meaning attributed to the experience. Theoretical and empirical implications are further discussed.

Abstract Background People with different types of dementia may have distinct symptoms and experiences that affect their quality of life. This study investigated whether quality of life varied across types of dementia and over time. Methods The participants were 1555 people with mild-to-moderate dementia and 1327 carers from the IDEAL longitudinal cohort study, recruited from clinical services. As many as possible were followed for up to 6 years. Diagnoses included were Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, mixed Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia, Parkinson’s disease dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, and frontotemporal dementia. Self- and informant-rated versions of the Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease scale were used. A joint model, incorporating a mixed effects model with random effects and a survival model to account for dropout, was used to examine whether quality of life varied by dementia type at the time of diagnosis and how trajectories changed over time. Results The strongest associations between dementia type and quality of life were seen around the time of diagnosis. For both self-ratings and informant ratings, people with Parkinson’s disease dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies had lower quality of life scores. Over time there was little change in self-rated scores across all dementia types (− 0.15 points per year). Informant-rated scores declined over time (− 1.63 points per year), with the greatest decline seen in ratings by informants for people with dementia with Lewy bodies (− 2.18 points per year). Conclusions Self-rated quality of life scores were relatively stable over time whilst informant ratings showed a steeper decline. People with Parkinson’s disease dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies report particularly low levels of quality of life, indicating the importance of greater attention to the needs of these groups.

María del Carmen García-Mendoza,1 Susana Coimbra,2 Inmaculada Sánchez-Queija,1 Águeda Parra1 1Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; 2Department of Psychology, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalCorrespondence: Águeda Parra; Inmaculada Sánchez-Queija, Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Pirotecnia s/n, Sevilla, 41013, Spain, Tel +34955420527 ; +34955420528, Email aparra@us.es; queija@us.esBackground: Intergenerational solidarity between parents and emerging adult offspring requires more substantial attention at the present time. Changing demographic structures and transformations in family dynamics over recent decades have increased both opportunities and the need for parent-child interactions and exchanges of support and affection during emerging adulthood.Purpose: The study had two aims: first, to explore patterns in intergenerational solidarity in accordance with different sociodemographic characteristics of emerging adults; and second, to analyse associations between intergenerational solidarity and emerging adults’ psychological distress and satisfaction with life.Methods: Participants were 644 emerging adult university students from Southern Europe (Spain and Portugal), aged between 18 and 29 years, who completed a self-report questionnaire designed to assess variables linked to sociodemographic aspects (gender, country of residence, sexual orientation, living status, family income), intergenerational solidarity, psychological distress and satisfaction with life.Results: The results indicated some differences in intergenerational solidarity patterns in accordance with a range of sociodemographic characteristics. They also revealed significant associations between intergenerational solidarity dimensions and emerging adults’ satisfaction with life and psychological distress. Moreover, affective solidarity was found to fully mediate the relationship between associational, functional and normative solidarity and emerging adults’ adjustment. In the case of conflictual solidarity, affective solidarity was found to partially mediate the relationship between this dimension of intergenerational solidarity and emerging adults’ distress and to fully mediate the relationship between this same dimension and emerging adults’ satisfaction with life.Conclusion: The results indicate that it is important to take sociodemographic diversity into account when exploring relationships between emerging adults and their parents. They also suggest that affective solidarity acts as a protective factor in promoting emerging adults’ adjustment.Keywords: intergenerational solidarity, psychological distress, satisfaction with life, emerging adults, cross-cultural study

Abstract Much research has focused on how emotional and spiritual intelligences promote well-being and help combat mental health issues. This comparative study, which was conducted in Israel and India with emerging adults enrolled in higher education, explored the relationship of emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence, anxiety and depression, and satisfaction with life. The results in Israel showed a positive correlation of emotional intelligence with satisfaction with life, but in India, only spiritual intelligence correlated positively with satisfaction with life. In both groups, female participants scored higher on all variables than male participants. We offer initial explanations for these results.

Abstract Background Sleep plays a crucial role in the health and well-being of adolescents; however, inadequate sleep is frequently reported in numerous countries. This current paper aimed to describe sleep duration, factors impacting sleep, consequences of insufficient sleep and satisfaction with life in Norwegian adolescents, stratified by sex and by adherence to the 8-hour sleep recommendation, and to examine potential associations between adherence to the 8-hours sleep recommendation and satisfaction with life. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Norwegian Ungdata Survey, collected in 2021. Adolescents from five Norwegian counties were included, comprising a total of 32,161 upper secondary school students. Study variables were collected through an electronic questionnaire administered during school hours and all data are anonymous. Descriptive data of sleep patterns are presented, and linear regressions were conducted adjusting for SES, perceived stress, physical activity level, over-the-counter analgesics use, grade level and screen time. Results 73% of adolescents did not adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation per night, with similar results for girls and boys. 64% reported tiredness at school (minimum 1–2 days weekly) and 62% reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. 23% reported that gaming affected their sleep, with a higher prevalence in boys than girls. Satisfaction with life score was 7.0 ± 1.9 points (out of 10) for the total sample, with higher scores for boys (7.3 ± 1.8 points) than girls (6.9 ± 1.9 points). Regressions revealed a positive association with satisfaction with life (B = 0.31, 95% [0.15 to 0.48]) in adolescents adhering to sleep recommendation of 8h compared to the ones not adhering to the sleep recommendation. Conclusions Most Norwegian adolescents fail to adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation and the majority feel tired at school or during activities. More than half of adolescents reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. Adhering to the sleep recommendation was associated with higher life satisfaction. Our findings highlight the importance of sufficient sleep in adolescents, while future research is needed to examine other sleep related measures on adolescents´ satisfaction with life.

Objectives: From a cross-cultural perspective, aging well may encompass pertinent challenges in terms of adjustment, sexual well-being, and satisfaction with life in the late years. Considering the paucity of empirical data concerning cultural diversity of experiencing aging, this study aims to help fill this gap by assessing the specific patterns of sexual satisfaction, adjustment to aging (AtA), and life satisfaction with life (SwL) of older adults in Portugal and Spain. Methods: This cross-national study included 326 older adults, age 65 and older, from Portugal and Spain. Five instruments were applied: (a) Adjustment to Aging Scale (ATAS); (b) Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS); (c) New Sexual Satisfaction Scale-Short (NSSS-S); (d) Mini-Mental State Exam; and (e) Sociodemographic, Health and Lifestyle questionnaire. K-means cluster analysis was employed to identify and characterize the clusters considering adjustments to aging, sexual satisfaction, and life satisfaction. One-way ANOVAs were conducted to analyze differences in sexual well-being among clusters. Results: Findings indicated three clusters, which explained 77.7% (R-sq = 0.777) of the total variance: Cluster 1: "Most skilled" (n = 26, 8.0%), Cluster 2: "Least adjusted" (n = 115, 35.3%), and Cluster 3: "Aging strivers" (n = 185, 56.7%). Participants in Cluster 1 were mostly Portuguese, with high levels of AtA, sexual satisfaction, and SWL. Conversely, Cluster 2 included mostly Portuguese participants with moderate sexual satisfaction and lower levels of AtA and SwL. Participants from Cluster 3 were mostly Spanish, with moderate levels of AtA and reduced sexual satisfaction and SwL. Conclusions: This study innovates by exploring the elaborate interplay among sexual satisfaction, AtA, and SwL in a cross-cultural perspective, with implications for tailoring interventions, service planning, development, and evaluation of culturally diverse older populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Verify the measurement equivalence by nationality (Colombia and Ecuador), internal consistency, and discrimination and difficulty from the Item Response Theory of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Instrumental study based on Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). 464 university students, 217 of Colombian (54.4% women, mean age = 20.9 years, SD = 3.4), and 250 Ecuadorian (60% women, mean age = 21 years, SD = 2.0). The SWLS presented a single-factor model for both the Colombian and Ecuadorian samples. In addition, the instrument presented measurement equivalence between countries at the metric level and has adequate internal consistency according to the CTT criteria. Finally, regarding the IRT criteria, the items present adequate discrimination and difficulty. The SWLS presents evidence of cross-cultural invariance in addition to having new properties based on the IRT that have not been fully investigated before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we examined the connections between exposure to traumatic events, contacts with the majority society and the ethnic group, psychological well-being, and sociocultural adaptation among Eritrean asylum seekers in Israel (n = 132). The obtained results demonstrate the long-term destructive effect of exposure to traumatic events on the psychological well-being but not necessarily on the sociocultural adaptation of asylum seekers and emphasize the need for accessible mental health services for this population. Moreover, our findings highlight the importance of positive social contacts with the majority society for the psychological well-being and sociocultural adaptation of asylum seekers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This longitudinal cohort study aims to investigate the relationship between self-reported childhood maltreatment (CM) and the retrospective trajectory of substance use, mental health, and satisfaction with life in individuals with substance use disorders. One hundred eleven treatment-seeking individuals with substance use disorder were recruited from clinical settings and monitored prospectively for 6 years. The participants' substance use, mental health, and satisfaction with life were assessed using standardized measures. Cluster analysis divided the cohort into two groups—low CM and high CM—based on their scores on the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form at year 6. Mixed-effects linear models were fitted to assess the association between longitudinal scores on drug use, mental health, and satisfaction with life and CM group. Most participants (92%) reported at least 1 CM. Out of all participants, 36% were categorized into the high-CM group, while 59% were categorized into the low-CM group. CM group was not associated with the amount of substance or alcohol use. CM group was significantly associated with the longitudinal course of mental health and life satisfaction. This study underscores the association between self-reported CM and mental health and life satisfaction in patients with substance use disorder. Our results may imply an increased risk of adverse outcomes in patients with high levels of CM, while bearing in mind that both current and retrospective mental health and substance use problems can influence the accuracy of recalling CM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary motive of this inquiry is to examine the connection between emotional competence, rigidity and quality of life throughout maturity. This study seeks to give precious insight into factor that contributes to grown- up’s good and academic success. To measure the relationship between emotional intelligence, resilience and life, data was collected from 150 virile and 150 womanish early grown- up( age range 18 to 29) from educational institute from Haripur district using purposive sampling technique. The sample comported of virile ( n = 150) and womanish( n = 150). Students were inked through purposeful slice by posting a check link on emotional intelligence, brief resilience, and life satisfaction at Govt. Girls Degree College No. 2 Haripur. Correlation research design was applied to the current study. The researcher used the detail Resilience Scale, Shut Self Report Emotional Intelligence Scale and Satisfaction with life Scale for study purpose. The statistical technique applied for finding were descriptive statistic, correlation test and t- test. The findings indicate that emotional intelligence has significant negative correlation with detail resilience, and positive correlation with satisfaction with life, and. especially, female showed advanced emotional intelligence compared to males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Urban corporate sector relies heavily on workplace well‐being, with meditation being a potent stress reduction method that significantly enhances the quality of life (QoL) and wellness. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of meditation on wellness management among corporate employees in India. Methods: The quasi‐experimental controlled study design was employed from May to June 2021, which assessed stress, QoL, and wellness indices (satisfaction with life, well‐being) with meditation practice as the intervention. The online questionnaire incorporates questions from the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale, World Health Organization (WHO) QoL Scale, Five‐item Satisfaction with Life scale and WHO‐5 Well‐being Index. A nonrandom sampling technique selected 146 and 74 subjects in the intervention and control groups, respectively, among the employees of Star health‐ and allied insurance company. The data was analyzed using SPSS V27 (©IBM SPSS Statistics). The Wilcoxon signed rank test for the dependent groups, and Mann–Whitney U test for the independent groups (between subjects) was performed. Results: Among a total of 220 subjects who enrolled in the recruitment survey, 146 subjects underwent the intervention thus providing a response rate of 66.4%. For the intervention group, the difference (within group) in mean scores between baseline and endline assessment shows a reduction in stress (0.02) and significant improvement in QoL (0.21) and wellness indices (satisfaction with life: 0.21, well‐being: 0.24). The difference (between the experimental and control groups) in mean endline scores shows a decrease in stress (0.07), an increase in wellness indices (satisfaction with life: 0.12, well‐being: 0.23), and a significant change in the QoL (0.17). Conclusion: Meditation intervention in corporate wellness programs enhances the QoL, wellness, and stress management, establishing the effectiveness of health profile‐raising ingenuities at the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: People with different types of dementia may have distinct symptoms and experiences that affect their quality of life. This study investigated whether quality of life varied across types of dementia and over time. Methods: The participants were 1555 people with mild-to-moderate dementia and 1327 carers from the IDEAL longitudinal cohort study, recruited from clinical services. As many as possible were followed for up to 6 years. Diagnoses included were Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, mixed Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia, Parkinson’s disease dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, and frontotemporal dementia. Self- and informant-rated versions of the Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease scale were used. A joint model, incorporating a mixed effects model with random effects and a survival model to account for dropout, was used to examine whether quality of life varied by dementia type at the time of diagnosis and how trajectories changed over time. Results: The strongest associations between dementia type and quality of life were seen around the time of diagnosis. For both self-ratings and informant ratings, people with Parkinson’s disease dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies had lower quality of life scores. Over time there was little change in self-rated scores across all dementia types (− 0.15 points per year). Informant-rated scores declined over time (− 1.63 points per year), with the greatest decline seen in ratings by informants for people with dementia with Lewy bodies (− 2.18 points per year). Conclusions: Self-rated quality of life scores were relatively stable over time whilst informant ratings showed a steeper decline. People with Parkinson’s disease dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies report particularly low levels of quality of life, indicating the importance of greater attention to the needs of these groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While dual-caring responsibilities have increased for some middle-aged adults, due to caring for parents and children, limited research exists on the effects on well-being of this dual care role on working carers, and specifically with respect to women. For this ‘Sandwich Generation’, especially for those who work outside the home, these increased demands may adversely affect their life and job satisfaction, and their well-being, inclusive of their general health. The present research explored the impact of care responsibilities on the overall self-reported quality of life of women dual carers who work. It explored the usefulness of resources for working dual carers, in supporting them in their distinct roles. Employed women (N = 433, aged 23–69, M = 51.27 years) mainly from the United Kingdom and Australia completed an online structured survey. Findings indicated that higher levels of personal and work resources, in particular optimism, self-efficacy, job autonomy, skill discretion, and social support, were able to buffer deleterious outcomes, such as poor well-being (depression, anxiety, stress, negative affect), while supporting well-being (positive affect, general health), increasing job satisfaction and life satisfaction. The dual carer role was not a significant predictor of the participants’ well-being, with only the women’s general health being slightly reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intergenerational solidarity between parents and emerging adult offspring requires more substantial attention at the present time. Changing demographic structures and transformations in family dynamics over recent decades have increased both opportunities and the need for parent-child interactions and exchanges of support and affection during emerging adulthood. Purpose: The study had two aims: first, to explore patterns in intergenerational solidarity in accordance with different sociodemographic characteristics of emerging adults; and second, to analyse associations between intergenerational solidarity and emerging adults' psychological distress and satisfaction with life. Methods: Participants were 644 emerging adult university students from Southern Europe (Spain and Portugal), aged between 18 and 29 years, who completed a self-report questionnaire designed to assess variables linked to sociodemographic aspects (gender, country of residence, sexual orientation, living status, family income), intergenerational solidarity, psychological distress and satisfaction with life. Results: The results indicated some differences in intergenerational solidarity patterns in accordance with a range of sociodemographic characteristics. They also revealed significant associations between intergenerational solidarity dimensions and emerging adults' satisfaction with life and psychological distress. Moreover, affective solidarity was found to fully mediate the relationship between associational, functional and normative solidarity and emerging adults' adjustment. In the case of conflictual solidarity, affective solidarity was found to partially mediate the relationship between this dimension of intergenerational solidarity and emerging adults' distress and to fully mediate the relationship between this same dimension and emerging adults' satisfaction with life. Conclusion: The results indicate that it is important to take sociodemographic diversity into account when exploring relationships between emerging adults and their parents. They also suggest that affective solidarity acts as a protective factor in promoting emerging adults' adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neurological disorders are one of the leading causes of disability globally. Studies emphasise that the course and effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions may be influenced by emotional factors. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with neurological disorders and examine whether depression and tendency to respond with anxiety are predictors of disability in these patients. The study included 229 individuals with neurological disorders aged over 55. Our findings show that stroke patients are more likely to experience depressive symptoms and are more likely to display trait anxiety as compared with patients with other neurological disorders. Advanced age, female sex, low level of education and the presence of trait anxiety are associated with a higher severity of depressive symptoms. Stroke survivors have significantly poorer ECOG performance scores and are more likely to be incapable for work. Both depression and trait anxiety are significant predictors of neurological patients' performance status, and the presence of depressive symptoms is a determinant of these patients' level of satisfaction with life. An understanding of psychological risk factors for poorer performance status in individuals with neurological disorders will make it possible to plan prophylactic interventions in order to minimise negative health impacts and facilitate access to mental health facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sleep plays a crucial role in the health and well-being of adolescents; however, inadequate sleep is frequently reported in numerous countries. This current paper aimed to describe sleep duration, factors impacting sleep, consequences of insufficient sleep and satisfaction with life in Norwegian adolescents, stratified by sex and by adherence to the 8-hour sleep recommendation, and to examine potential associations between adherence to the 8-hours sleep recommendation and satisfaction with life. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Norwegian Ungdata Survey, collected in 2021. Adolescents from five Norwegian counties were included, comprising a total of 32,161 upper secondary school students. Study variables were collected through an electronic questionnaire administered during school hours and all data are anonymous. Descriptive data of sleep patterns are presented, and linear regressions were conducted adjusting for SES, perceived stress, physical activity level, over-the-counter analgesics use, grade level and screen time. Results: 73% of adolescents did not adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation per night, with similar results for girls and boys. 64% reported tiredness at school (minimum 1–2 days weekly) and 62% reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. 23% reported that gaming affected their sleep, with a higher prevalence in boys than girls. Satisfaction with life score was 7.0 ± 1.9 points (out of 10) for the total sample, with higher scores for boys (7.3 ± 1.8 points) than girls (6.9 ± 1.9 points). Regressions revealed a positive association with satisfaction with life (B = 0.31, 95% [0.15 to 0.48]) in adolescents adhering to sleep recommendation of 8h compared to the ones not adhering to the sleep recommendation. Conclusions: Most Norwegian adolescents fail to adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation and the majority feel tired at school or during activities. More than half of adolescents reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. Adhering to the sleep recommendation was associated with higher life satisfaction. Our findings highlight the importance of sufficient sleep in adolescents, while future research is needed to examine other sleep related measures on adolescents´ satisfaction with life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regular physical activity (PA) is linked with greater satisfaction with life (SWL), but is this effect equivalent for all PAs? Or do effects and causal paths of PA on SWL differ depending on goal contents in PA? PA practitioners (N = 1900) reported goal contents in exercise (GCE), psychological need satisfaction (PNS), and flow in PA, as well as SWL. Cluster analyses and multi-group structural equation modeling were used to analyze differential effects of study variables on SWL. Four clusters based on GCE were identified and labeled (health-management, n = 652; team-skill, n = 412; social-recognition, n = 494; and low-goals, n = 342). Differential effects on SWL were observed via distinct causal paths: social affiliation and relatedness predicted SWL in the health-management cluster; skill development, competence, and flow in the team-skill cluster; and flow alone in the low-goals cluster. The amounts and the ways in which SWL can be derived from PA practice differ between clusters based on different goal contents. Thus, tailored PA programs may identify distinct goal profiles in order to cater to these separately, orienting them towards either sports-like team practices fostering skill development, perceived competence, and flow; or individually practised and autonomously endorsed PAs facilitating health management, group affiliation and relatedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the links between the Big Five personality traits and self‐efficacy, perceived stress, and life satisfaction during the COVID‐19 pandemic on a large sample of Czech university students and lecturers (N = 11,824). The study's findings indicate that during the pandemic, negative emotionality was strongly associated with both perceived stress and life satisfaction. The study also reveals a positive link between extraversion and perceived stress across the entire sample, and in the student group specifically, extraversion was negatively associated with life satisfaction. This suggests that a high level of extraversion may not act as a protective factor in situations of limited social contact, for example, under the social restriction mandates during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Additionally, self‐efficacy was associated with higher satisfaction with life but also higher perceived stress. This finding contradicts previous research conducted before and during the pandemic and warrants further investigation. Interestingly, the links between personality traits, self‐efficacy, perceived stress, and life satisfaction were not significantly moderated by professional position. Both lecturers and students experienced similar disruptions to their daily routines, social isolation, and financial concerns during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine the predictability of satisfaction with life on the basis of subjective happiness, positive and negative affect, psychological disturbance and emotion of gratitude. It also seeks to assess whether the emotion of gratitude is a mediating variable with subjective happiness, affect, and satisfaction with life. Statistical analyses of Pearson's correlation, multiple linear regression tests, and mediation models were conducted on a sample of 1537 Spanish adults, 73.6% were females, 26.4% males, age between 18-88 years old (M = 42.56; SD = 16.29). The emotions of gratitude were found to mediate the relationship between subjective happiness and satisfaction with life and between positive affect and satisfaction with life. Of the variables studied, positive affect is the most related to satisfaction with life, followed by subjective happiness and emotions of gratitude. Male participants are more satisfied with life when they feel the less negative affect. Regarding mediation models, emotions of gratitude mediate the relationship between subjective happiness and satisfaction with life and between positive affect and satisfaction with life. The main difference is that emotions of gratitude are stronger in females than in males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This research was conducted to evaluate the mediation effect of anxiety and life satisfaction on the relationship between Care burden and Parent Child Relationship in Turkish parents during the COVID‐19 epidemic. Methods: The research was carried out with parents (221 women and 219 men) who have children between the ages of 6–18 living in Turkey. Data were collected in June–July 2021 using the demographic data form, "Care Burden Scale," "Pervasive Anxiety Disorder‐7 Test," "Satisfaction with Life Scale," and "Parent Child Relationship Scale." Path analysis was used to analyse the relationships. In this study, structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine the path analysis. Results: It was found that the burden of care and anxiety of the parents and the parent–child conflict relationship were positively correlated and negatively correlated with the life satisfaction and parent–child closeness relationship (p < 0.05). Path model analyses revealed that the burden of care had a direct effect on anxiety and life satisfaction, and an indirect effect on the parent–child relationship, respectively. Conclusions: It shows that parents' perceptions of how the COVID‐19 pandemic is affecting their mental health have implications for parent and child well‐being, with stronger relationships for low‐income families. Anxiety and life satisfaction had a mediating effect between care burden and parent–child relationship. Given the demonstrable impact of COVID‐19 on the parent–child relationship, this study may guide the planning of coping strategies and programmes focused on mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: A cancer diagnosis is commonly associated with a decline in patient’s life satisfaction and more pessimistic expectations about the future. The identification of strategies to improve life satisfaction in patients with cancer is of great interest to health practitioners since it may be associated with a better prognosis of cancer and higher survival rates. Previous meta-analyses and reviews concluded that exercise could significantly improve health-related quality of life in this population, but the effects of exercise on life satisfaction are still not well-known. This review aims to analyse the effects of exercise programs on life satisfaction in people with cancer and individuals who have overcome cancer. Methods: The present systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A thorough search of databases including Web of Science and PubMed/MEDLINE was carried out. Six studies (535 participants) in which the effect of an exercise program was compared to a non-exercise program control condition in patients with cancer were considered eligible. A subsequent meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model to calculate the standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Exercise intervention improved satisfaction with life compared with a control condition (SMD = 1.28; p = 0.02 with a 95% CI of 0.22 to 2.34). Conclusion: Exercise could be considered an effective tool to improve life satisfaction in patients with cancer. Hence, professionals might consider the possibility of integrating physical exercise into strategies aimed at enhancing the low life satisfaction often experienced by patients. PROSPERO: CRD42023438146 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homelessness is a major threat to overall wellbeing. Individuals and families experiencing homelessness have higher rates of chronic and infectious diseases than the general population, including most mental illnesses. They also tend to have much lower levels of hope than the general population. While working to obtain stable housing, people experiencing homelessness can benefit from psychosocial support strategies. Strategies to leverage positive psychological factors, such as hope, satisfaction with life, and perceived standing in society, are associated with improved health status and other wellbeing indicators in vulnerable populations. The primary objective of this exploratory study was to determine if a brief, open, small-group intervention at a homeless daytime drop-in center could increase levels of hope, satisfaction with life, and perceived standing in society. This intervention did not produce significant changes in dispositional hope, satisfaction with life, or perceived standing in society. The principal findings of this exploratory study signal a possible need for more thorough and long-term efforts in populations experiencing homelessness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Progressive loss of visual acuteness is known to be associated with anxiety, insecurity, loss of independence, and altered social functioning, which may lead to low mood and subsequently depression. Emotionally adjusting to vision loss can dramatically change one’s independence. Reduced workplace productivity in adults with visual impairment is associated with lower rates of workforce participation and increased rates of anxiety and depression. Most studies for psychological comorbidities in the legally blind population are conducted in individuals who present to the psychiatry or psychology department/clinics or to facilities for blindness certification. Due to the paucity of community-based data in the Indian scenario, the current study was undertaken. Aim: To evaluate the psychological distress and satisfaction with life of people who were diagnosed as blind in the community. Materials and Methods: The sample was based on the identification of blind persons in a door-to-door screening for eye and vision problems in 44535 individuals conducted in 2015–16 in the middle to lower socioeconomic populations in the suburban area of Yerawada, Maharashtra. Those who were suspected of having low vision underwent a detailed clinical examination including visual acuity estimation, portable slit lamp examination, I-Kare tonometry, and fundoscopy, conducted by an ophthalmologist to assess and verify the lack of vision. Subsequently, the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were also applied upon revisiting the participants in 2020–2021. Results: The majority of participants were middle-aged or elderly and no significant gender variation was noted in terms of blindness. Maximum psychological disability was seen after 6 to 15 years after the onset of blindness. More than 80% of the patients with complete blindness had some psychiatric comorbidity or distress and more than half reported that their daily activities were affected due to their diagnosis. Blind persons had significantly higher scores on the GHQ-12 and significantly lower scores on SWLS. Complete blindness was positively correlated with GHQ-12 scores and negatively correlated with SWLS scores and the age of the subject. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that psychological distress and low levels of satisfaction with life are common among the severely visually impaired and blind. There is a dire need to improve access to rehabilitation services and psychological support for the blind and their caregivers.

The study aimed to determine whether self-efficacy acts as a moderator between the severity of menopausal symptoms and life satisfaction. The research tools were: The Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) The Menopause – Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL), and a standardized questionnaire comprising questions on the participants’ characteristics. 516 women using health care services who had menopausal symptoms took part in the study. Self-efficacy (GSES) (r = −0.176; p 0.05). Self-efficacy moderates the relationship between the severity of menopausal symptoms and life satisfaction in menopausal women. The moderating function of self-efficacy is that, at its low level, an increase in the severity of menopausal symptoms reduces life satisfaction, while at medium and high levels, an increase in the severity of menopausal symptoms does not reduce life satisfaction.