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A defining feature of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic was a pervasive and palpable collapse of sense-making in individuals and organisations. A key factor underlying this chaos was the inability of humans to make sense of the big and noisy data environment. Such big data environments are especially amenable to interpretation by Artificial intelligence. In this study, a theoretical framework has been developed for the use of AI for sense-making in survival supply chains. The proposed framework, 'The Cognitive Model of Survival Supply Chains', is articulated as consisting of scan, store, interpret, execute, and learn as its purposive components. This framework is presented as a scaffolding to organise extant knowledge, identify gaps, synthesise new knowledge, and guide future research and practice. Research questions have been identified to develop a systematic research agenda. Implications for research, policy and practice for managing pandemics have been drawn out for researchers, policy makers, and practitioners, respectively. The paper also presents the design and architecture of an AI based solution for sense-making in survival supply chains. Such a solution is urgently needed for organising the efforts of diverse stakeholders in presenting a concerted and effective response to disasters that may unfold in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an analysis of elementary grade mathematics teaching in India focusing on mathematical reasoning. Mathematical reasoning is an important tool to make sense of mathematical ideas, which in turn makes mathematics more accessible to learners and promotes social equality. The paper analyzes 112 lessons from Grades 1 to 8 by 21 teachers in 5 schools in a big city in India. Synthesizing the literature, the paper identifies three main functions of mathematical reasoning (reasoning for sense-making, reasoning for inquiry, reasoning for justification) and concomitant reasoning actions. Working from these three functions of reasoning, a scheme that was suitable for categorizing the reasoning observed in the highly teacher-led instruction was developed and applied to identify the nature and prevalence of reasoning across grade levels and topics. No "reasoning for inquiry" was found in the analyzed lessons. Explanatory Reasoning, a limited form of "reasoning for sense-making" with little student input, was observed, usually in extremely short episodes, in about a quarter of lessons. Modelled Reasoning, a limited form of "reasoning for justification" where step-by-step deductive problem solutions were demonstrated, was more common, dominating lessons in some topics, especially in higher grades. In most lessons, the teacher stated rules and procedures without reason; sometimes providing non-mathematical justifications for procedures in lower grades (e.g., the need to follow arrows or use a mnemonic). The observed rarity of Explanatory Reasoning highlights an urgent need for teacher education programs in India to enhance the sense-making mathematical experiences offered to teachers so that they can, in turn, promote sense-making in their students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a methodological insight in using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method in a study of young adults with chronic congenital heart disease (ACHD). It is not well understood how young adults with CHD make sense of their lives beyond the existing quality of life measures. Exploring this research topic guided by the three principles of IPA: (a) phenomenology, (b) hermeneutics, and (c) idiography, we found our study elucidated one's sense making growing up with a pediatric chronicity; particularly the role of researcher 'as instrument' for its centrality as an authentic representation of the lived 'CHD' experience unfolded. Decisions relevant to data collection and the analytical phase of the research are presented. Insight further involves discussing methodological integrity and the ethical considerations associated with implementing IPA as the foundational framework. We believe using IPA in a cohort of adult congenital heart disease patients provided an in-depth exploration into the meaningfulness of these individuals' lives. Our study highlights the value of using hermeneutics to advance the growing body of ACHD evidence and other disease-related research studies. Moreover, using the IPA approach contributes to methodological development by promoting interdisciplinary scholarship that disseminates practical, real-world knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with traditional closed innovation, open innovation brings more new ideas, technologies, and resources to megaprojects, which is becoming increasingly important in the face of growing complexity and sustainability. Drawing on the application of sense-making theory in organizational change, this study conducts an empirical case study to explore how open innovation is carried out in megaprojects, as well as how to explain the processes at the micro level. The Changchun Metropolitan Circle Ring Expressway phase II project was selected as the analytical case and grounded coding technology was adopted to analyze the realization process of open innovation. The results revealed that managers as organizers first completed their own sense making and then influenced others' sense making via sense giving to unify understanding and complete innovation mode transformation. Moreover, managers need to adjust sense making for themselves and sense giving for others according to interactive feedback. This study illustrated that open innovation strategies need to enact some new relevant routines in order for a cognitive reorientation to take place. A multi-level and multi-dimensional micro-mechanism and process was proposed to guide open innovation behavior in megaprojects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I discuss how 'sense' is made in art therapy regarding three uses of the term: that of 'meaning', 'somatic experience' and the capacity for 'sensing'. I suggest that the patient in an art therapy session produces actions and artefacts which come into contact with the mind of the therapist/group. This allows for a dream to be generated between the creator and the observer, that the artwork can tell us something about internal mental states within the creator. I propose a theory of observation by application of an Aesthetic Grid – an adaptation of Bion's Grid of genetic epistemology. This is an attempt to bring together 'three waves of art therapy theory and practice', and incorporates the function of the art object, as well as the phases of art making and looking/talking. The Aesthetic Grid is not intended for use in sessions but rather to be utilized after the event, in order to reflect upon the status of the 'art-psychotherapy object' - the totality of the triangular relationship, creator-artwork-viewer, and whether this constitutes development and growth or its inverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractTo coordinate and understand past actions in a collaborative activity, co-workers typically access shared artifacts and the interaction histories provided by their tools. We interviewed 12 knowledge workers who collaborate on shared text documents. We found that the scattering of historical data across collaborative and personal environments and the lack of compatibility between histories hinder coordination and event recall. To explore the design of cross-application history tools, we created OneTrace, a proof-of-concept system for sharing histories amongst applications and users based on a unified structure for representing interaction traces. We then introduce TracePicker, a tool that lets users cluster traces to contextualize past actions recorded by OneTrace. We evaluated TracePicker using a questionnaire- and scenario-based observation study. Results show that participants found the system helpful for communicating, understanding and contextualizing historical data. We conclude that designing cross-application histories such as OneTrace supports coordination and event recall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When Muhammad Ali died in June 2016, media were filled with remembrances of the boxer. Some memories focused on what he meant to his home state of Kentucky, or how an individual had bonded with their father while watching Ali in the ring. Others focused on what Ali's status as a celebrity Black Muslim man meant to them. The boxer who called himself "the Greatest" joined the Nation of Islam after his first fight with Sonny Liston in 1964 and later became a Sufi Muslim. Islam, in its many forms, is viewed with suspicion in the United States and Ali was likely the most visible Muslim American during his lifetime. This research examines how writers remembered Ali in the week after his death and identifies three themes which seemed most prominent: Ali as the proud Black Muslim man, Ali as freedom fighter, and Ali as an embodiment of peace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The academic discussion on the role of experts in crisis decision making subject is scattered and diverged. The debate has foremost been connected to the discussion of centralized versus decentralized responses. Inspired by the notion of contingency and Karl Weick, this article explores the role of the Swedish Public Health Agency in coping with the Covid‐19 pandemic. One of the key findings from the study is that even if experts might have a better technical understanding, at the same time, they risk getting stuck in identity concerns and previous experiences which result in rigid responses. The study also underlines that it is risky for decision‐makers to rely upon one single body of expertise at times when uncertainty is high and there is a lack of solid evidence and knowledge, given the likelihood of fixation and rigidity. Rather, policy makers should encourage a deliberative debate, involving a diversity of experts and expertise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with traditional closed innovation, open innovation brings more new ideas, technologies, and resources to megaprojects, which is becoming increasingly important in the face of growing complexity and sustainability. Drawing on the application of sense-making theory in organizational change, this study conducts an empirical case study to explore how open innovation is carried out in megaprojects, as well as how to explain the processes at the micro level. The Changchun Metropolitan Circle Ring Expressway phase II project was selected as the analytical case and grounded coding technology was adopted to analyze the realization process of open innovation. The results revealed that managers as organizers first completed their own sense making and then influenced others’ sense making via sense giving to unify understanding and complete innovation mode transformation. Moreover, managers need to adjust sense making for themselves and sense giving for others according to interactive feedback. This study illustrated that open innovation strategies need to enact some new relevant routines in order for a cognitive reorientation to take place. A multi-level and multi-dimensional micro-mechanism and process was proposed to guide open innovation behavior in megaprojects.

Purpose: This piece explores the philosophical origins of sense-making as defined in Brenda Dervin's methodology. Design/methodology/approach: This conceptual paper locates the origins of sense-making's rich ontological, epistemological and etymological heritage to the Classical Greece and the Pre-Socratic period. The Greek origins of sense-making's philosophical undercurrents surface again in Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit before the idea is picked up again in twentieth century philosophy and library science. Findings: This is a conceptual paper and no empirical findings are presented. Originality/value: This paper makes an original contribution to the study of information seeking and to sense making theory and methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The middle manager in hospitals in the Netherlands is responsible for the provision of high-quality care that fits the allocated budget. Recently, he also had to implement austerity measures because the cost of healthcare has grown faster than the economy. This paper deals with the competences, knowledge and skills the middle manager should have in order to be able to deal with budget limitations. We conducted semi- structured interviews with 30 middle managers, 10 health professionals and one business controller, spread out over different hospital types and locations throughout the Netherlands and organized two focus group meetings. We identify two new roles for the middle manager in what we call the 'modern' professional bureaucracy: the roles of 'sense maker' and 'connector'. Hospital organizations have become flatter with more emphasis on horizontal flows and they have a growing technostructure. The number and variety of external signals for any department has increased. The middle manager has to explain the implications of external signals and is the connector between professionals and employees inside and outside the hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combinations of perceptual fluency and sense-making competencies contribute synergistically to learning gains in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education. However, instructional principles depend on the target of instruction, and in many fields, the targets of instruction are quite different from undergraduate STEM education. Professional learning often involves the application of previously acquired conceptual knowledge in a perceptually complex reality. This paper focuses on the field of surgery, specifically the recognition of surgical anatomy, in which the target of instruction is perceptual ability rather than conceptual knowledge. We conducted two experiments in which 42 and 44 surgical trainees participated in perceptual-fluency and sense-making interventions, followed by tests of their ability to recognize surgical anatomy in real operative images. The results showed that perceptual-fluency interventions contributed to gains in perceptual knowledge relating to surgical anatomy, whereas sense-making interventions did not. We discuss our findings in terms of alignment between instructional design and instructional goals, and the application of advances in learning sciences to adult learning of complex skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on observations of a Chinese online depression community, this article explored the members' sense making of depression by analyzing their narrative accounts of depression. Four types of sense making were predominant among the depression sufferers: complaining, regret, superiority, and discovery. The complaining narrative is the members' telling about the pain caused by family (parental control or neglect), school bullying, stress from study or work, and social norms. The regret narrative is the members' reflection on their habit of perfectionism and lack of self-disclosure. The superiority narrative is the members' attribution of depression to their intelligence and morality that surpass the average people. The discovery narrative is the members' novel understanding of the self, significant others, and key events. The findings suggest that the social and psychological explanation of the causes of depression, instead of the medical model, is popular among the Chinese patients. Their stories of depression are also stories of marginalization, visions for the future, and realizing the normalization of identity as depression patients. The findings have implications for public policy around support for mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the industry-oriented sense making competencies of engineering students. This qualitative research was carried out using the seven-step method of Sandlovski and Barroso. The metacomposite team consisted of three experts in curriculum planning and one expert in metacomposite research. 107 related research sources were used as the basis of the analysis, The result of which was extracting 11 themes of problem finding, finding a topic, choosing a topic with the aim of finding a new solution. Analyzing the information needs, designing and compiling the information search structure, implementing the information search process, evaluating the information search process, compiling the problem solving structure is based on the final information. Also the implementation of problem solving, the consequences of problem solving, and the final decision regarding the problem solving structure. The validity of the data was confirmed by using the techniques of reliability, transferability and alignment of data and trustworthiness of the data was also confirmed by the accurate guidance of the flow of information collection and alignment of the researchers. The results showed that proper sense making is necessary for success in many jobs, and a person must be able to make decisions, take action and develop an action plan in a turbulent and complex environment and in an uncertain state. Professors can show their creativity in the classroom by teaching sense making in the teaching process and combine the art of effective teaching with scientific knowledge. Based on the results of the research, on the one hand, it can provide educational planners with a wide range of experiences, on the other hand, the identification of themes analyzed in the sense masking approach has a significant impact on improving the quality of teaching in the field of engineering education. The correct understanding of these factors are very important for the university and the higher education system.

Objectives: Conspiracy theories are associated with significant COVID‐19 health consequences including lower engagement with protective behaviours. This study uses sensemaking theory, a process of constructing meanings through interpersonal exchanges that enable people to interpret their world to explain the theoretical process underlying the development of conspiratorial beliefs around COVID‐19 within Black African and Caribbean communities in the UK. Design: Qualitative, in‐depth interviews were used. Methods: Twenty‐eight members of the communities were recruited: semi‐structured interviews were analysed using grounded theory. Results: Our findings provide an explanation of how an environment of crisis combined with current and historical mistrust, perceived injustice and inequality provided a context in which alternative conspiracy narratives could thrive. The nature of these conspiratorial beliefs made more sense to many of our respondent's than institutional sources (such as the UK Government). Critically, these alternative beliefs helped respondents shape their decision‐making, leading to non‐engagement with COVID protective behaviours. Conclusions: We conclude that the uncertainty of the pandemic, combined with historical and contemporary perceived injustice and mistrust, and a lack of specific identity‐aligned messaging, created a perfect environment for conspiratorial sense‐making to thrive. This alternative sensemaking was inconsistent with the health‐protection messaging espoused by the Government. To ensure all groups in society are protected, and for health promotion messages to take purchase, the experiences of different target audiences must be taken into account, with sensemaking anchored in lived experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines differentiated financial risk tolerance attitudes between three listing branches within the Australian Securities Exchange's (ASX) standardised listing environment. Western Australia's (WA) concentration of earlier‐stage IPOs (51% of all ASX small, (predominately mining) initial public offerings (IPOs)) appears to reflect a localised 'entrepreneurial' risk attitude towards smaller, higher‐risk transactions, comparative to New South Wales and Victoria. Our mixed method approach identifies that the concentration of small‐cap, capital raising experiences that are (in)/formally shared through key 'gatekeepers', shape locally adopted funding capabilities, business processes, and risk attitudes. Underlying risk attitudes were influenced by the shared confidence in the recognition and management of risk, thereby increasing the propensity to participate in more speculative opportunities, and WA's presumptive higher risk tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concerning the legislative role of members of parliament in Iran, the present paper aimed to identify factors affecting their perception during passing laws through a behavioral approach. Sampling was carried out via judgmental method and was continued till reaching saturation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parliament member. The answers to interview questions in addition to documents such as negotiation proceedings were analyzed. Employing grounded theory, codes, concepts and categories were obtained as a result of data analysis. Five propositions were obtained after linking three categories at selective coding stage. Data analysis found personality, education, experience, personal feelings, emotions and feelings as individual factors affecting perception of MPs. Perceptions, the main category of research consists of direct and indirect perception as two subcategories and sense making, sense breaking, and sense giving as its concepts. Introduction *Studies regarding perception of MPs (members of parliament) could be divided into several categories; however, they are not sufficient. In one group, the legislative process is described by MPs at individual and collective level through distinct steps. Cognitive and perceptual dimensions of each step are discusses (Slembeck, 2016).In second group, value systems are mentioned as key factors affecting the perception of the political elite while analyzing environment. In relevant studies, there is no emphasis on the decision-making process and its step-by-step analysis (e.g. Brosch & Sander, 2013).In third group, system and process approaches were used simultaneously. In these works, both top-down and bottom-up processes such as political pressures, interpersonal issues, personality and genetics have been examined at the same time (Jost et al., 2016). In another group of research, subjective frameworks and decision-making styles of MPs from various parties in developed countries namely the United States, Britain, and Germany have been investigated (e.g. Rokeach, 2006; Altemeyer, 1998; Duckitt, 2001). Members of parliament are largely unaware of the effect of their cognitive characteristics on their decisions. If MPs are aware of factors affecting their perception, they might avoid biases and decision-making errors. This could reduce their severity as well. Thanks to the significance of the aforementioned issue the present study attempts to identify individual and personality variables affecting the perception of MPs during the legislative process. MethodologyGrounded theory is a qualitative research method aiming to develop a theory based on data.The classical method of grounded theory has been used in present research due to the lack of a codified model for factors affecting the perception of MPs during legislative process. In order to collect data, the researcher employed semi-structured interviews and archived data such as recorded parliament sessions. Using theoretical and judgmental sampling, a number of participants were selected for the study. Research sample size was finalized based on the principle of theoretical saturation. In this study, theoretical saturation was achieved by interviewing 22 MPs and analyzing the recordings of sessions in detail. FindingsThere are three stages of open, selective, and theoretical coding in classical grounded theory. Fifty-five categories were obtained in open coding stage. Ten concepts emerged subsequently. In selective coding stage, the perception of the MPs was considered as the central category around which the data were organized.Finally, three categories were obtained: perception, individual factors and legislation. The central category of perception consisted of direct perception like sense making and indirect perception such as sense giving or sense breaking. Individual factors consisted of the following concepts: personality, education, background, personal interests, feelings and emotions. Legislation entails approving plans and bills. At theoretical coding stage, the relationships between categories are conceptualized.Perception is the central category for this study. By analyzing narratives and stories of interviewees, it was clarified that MPs analyze and perceive events, bills and plans in two ways: They gain perception about a bill or plan either directly through studying documents and reports or indirectly through attending meetings of the commissions or fractions and listening to their colleagues’ opinion. Using the literature on perception, they were introduced to the topics of sense making, sense giving, and sense breaking, which, were placed under subcategories of direct and indirect perception.Direct perception: All the attempts of MPs to perceive environmental events and laws in the process of passing laws are considered as sense making.Indirect perception: Observations showed that some MPs in different sessions try to destroy the meaning and perception of a bill or plan in the minds of other MPs by using discourses, narratives, stories and arguments (sense breaking) or presenting different arguments. They try to communicate their own meaning (sense giving) and create a new perception in minds of MPs. Individual factorsMuch evidence showed the influence of individual factors on the perception of MPs while conducting the present study. Results showed that individual factors are composed of the following concepts: personality, education, feelings and emotions, background and personal interests. Personality: The personality of MPs has a considerable effect on their sense making, sense giving, and sense breaking in the process of passing laws as well as comprehension of topics discussed in parliament and commissions. The personality of MPs was evaluated based on dimensions of Big Five Personality Traits model including extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and emotional stability (Robbins & Judge, 2017).Some of MPs were extroverts interacting with so many MPs. This group of MPs spoke frequently about their experiences and how they influenced others with their words about a bill or an act.Some MPs admitted that they have repeatedly tried to persuade other MPs with agreeable personalities.Some MPs were highly conscientious. They examined all bills and plans carefully. They claimed that they never voted for any bills or plans without having sufficient information. Their perceptions of bills or plans differed due to the amount of time they spent on each bill or act.Openness to experience was another dimension of the personality of MPs affecting perceptions. Some MPs mentioned issues concerning art and literature in their statements. They talked about performances of politicians and the structure of parliament in other countries openly. These MPs exhibited more openness than other MPs who had traditional or local perspectives or descriptions limited to their own electoral constituency.Individuals with low emotional stability reacted quickly and were more sensitive to performances of other MPs. Those who get low scores in this dimension are typically nervous, anxious and impulsive. MPs with low emotional stability would take a stand against the statements of other MPs in examining plans and bills. The other group of MPs on the contrary were calm and in no hurry to answer other MPs during sessions of the commissions.Education: MPs’ level of education affects their attention. Those who have studied medicine, agriculture, civil engineering or sociology do not share the same concerns. They examine the bills and plans relevant to their own field of study more carefully.Feelings and Emotions: The mood of an MP while examining or commenting on a plan or bill affects their perception. Analysis of parliament sessions indicated that when examining a bill is postponed to subsequent session of commission, the behavior and reactions of some MPs change. During the interval between the sessions, MPs may study the issue or have conversations with other people which could influence their studies (sense making) or attitudes (sense breaking and sense giving). Background: The background of MPs could have an effective role in their perception. Those who have been MPs for several terms have a different perception than those who have become MPs for the first time. The alignment of an individual’s career background with their commission could also affects his perception of the plans and bills. Personal interests: Many MPs believed that their colleagues are concerned with their personal interests. They explained that as soon as their colleagues become MPs, they begin planning for participation in the next elections and their main aim is to secure a seat in the parliament in subsequent terms. Discussion and conclusionResults of the present research showed that individual factors affecting the perception of MPs include personality, education, background, personal interests, feelings and emotions. Perception was considered the central category of the present research, which consists of the two subcategories of direct and indirect perception.In previous studies, a number of factors affecting perception in general or perception of politicians and MPs in particular have been mentioned. Value systems, personality, and cognitive biases are among key factors found in foreign research (e.g. Brosch & Sander, 2013; Slembeck, 2016; and Altemeyer, 1998). However, as far as literature shows, no similar study has been conducted on the effect of the aforementioned five variables on the perception of MPs in Iranian parliament.The present research faced a number of limitations. First, it was difficult to reach MPs. Second, MPs interviewed were all male. Third the statistical community of the research consisted of MPs of the Iranian parliament. Fourth, Selecting MPs was conducted using the judgmental method and finally participants were only 22 people.Future researchers can investigate factors mentioned in this research independently. It is recommended that future researchers examine perceptions of other politicians and managers and study factors affecting perception of individuals such as city council members, ministers and CEOs. * Corresponding author

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Combining the conceptual tools and methods of resilience engineering (RE) with naturalistic decision‐making (NDM), in the context of police critical incident command, this study explores the capacity of individual commanders to manage occupational stress during a critical incident or crisis. A case scenario and interviews, together with cognitive task analysis (CTA), are used to investigate how stress affects decision making and performance. The analysis shows: (1) As a social process, sensemaking goes beyond an individual's cognitive capacity. It depends on teams and involves collaboration, sharing and assessing risks and uncertainties. (2) In terms of improvisation, decision‐making requires organisational support in training and authorisation. (3) The mechanisms that ensure the synchronisation of activities link to an operational communication strategy grounded on transparency and trust between the parties involved. (4) Individual adaptive capacity also has organisational characteristics. It improves by facilitating and stimulating proactive learning across the organisation. Bringing RE and NDM together, clarifies interdependencies. Thus, the gap between the organisational system and the individual's performance might be closed, which improves performances at the sharp end by a feedback loop that reconciles bottom‐up and top‐down views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concerning the legislative role of members of parliament in Iran, the present paper aimed to identify factors affecting their perception during passing laws through a behavioral approach. Sampling was carried out via judgmental method and was continued till reaching saturation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parliament member. The answers to interview questions in addition to documents such as negotiation proceedings were analyzed. Employing grounded theory, codes, concepts and categories were obtained as a result of data analysis. Five propositions were obtained after linking three categories at selective coding stage. Data analysis found personality, education, experience, personal feelings, emotions and feelings as individual factors affecting perception of MPs. Perceptions, the main category of research consists of direct and indirect perception as two subcategories and sense making, sense breaking, and sense giving as its concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines discourses in five Finnish municipalities' energy transition processes to identify and explain different ideological discourses among its members. The study fills a gap in research extending the idea of sense making to capture the ideologies that hide in discourses during socio-technical transitions. We identify three types of ideological discourses labelled as Clan, Solarpunk and Native. The implications of the ideologies embedded in municipal, multi-partner networks that participate in energy transition affect who will be heard in a local context. This impacts future choices directly related to sustainability outcomes. We propose that discourses in these multi-partner networks, conceptualized from the perspective of municipal energy systems, help us to uncover underlying ideologies that imperil change. And yet at the same time, these revelations offer opportunities for sustainability-oriented innovation.

Studies of transformative change have been making headway in understanding the complexity of societal transformation processes. Yet, we lack understanding of how people's lived experiences of transformations both shape and are shaped by meaning-making processes. In addressing this gap, we make two assumptions: Firstly, change processes comprise interactions between social actors that shape the way they are made sense of and experienced by the people involved in such interactions. Secondly, such change processes involve transformative experiences, which can bring to light previously taken-for-granted dimensions of lived experience. To address this research gap, we describe two complementary tools for analysing transformations: dialogical sense-making and critical phenomenology. These approaches share a focus on the experiential and sense-making dimensions, yet ask distinctly different kinds of questions and use different methods. Dialogical sense-making explores how people create meanings around transformations through various social interactions. Critical phenomenology analyses subjectivity, lived experience and structures that make possible and help shape experience. When brought into dialogue with each other, they allow for richer analyses of how the sense or meaning of transformations is constituted in experience. • People shape and are shaped by transformative change. • How people experience and make sense of transformative change is not well understood. • Here we introduce two approaches from social sciences and philosophy that address this gap. • Each provides distinct yet complementary tools for understanding the situated experience of transformative interactions. • This can help us understand how experiences of transformative change shape people's responses to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we will see how an eleven-year-old girl discusses and presents her solution to a problem involving fractions and rates. The readers will be able to watch a video of the girl's presentation of a middle school problem. An analysis of the solution and the presentation is discussed in the context of current mathematics education research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is argued that Kull's approach to aesthetics complements a cognitive semiotic approach to culture. The concept of 'ecological, semiotic fitting' allows us to connect the three main concepts of beauty we encounter in discussions about the aesthetic, where the term beauty is, firstly, used to refer a positive experience in relation to what is perceived, or, secondly, to a positive experience in relation to an intentional action or, thirdly, to a positive experience in relation to a sense making process. Kull makes a strong case for the 'ecological, semiotic fitting' being the common underlying structure of all three manifestations of the aesthetic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]