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In this brief, we present a novel pipelined algorithm for transposing non-square matrices and describe the corresponding architecture for this algorithm. In particular, the architecture is composed of a series of identical cascaded basic circuits and can be controlled via a simple control strategy based on several counters. The architecture is optimal in terms of both memory and latency and it achieves the theoretical minimums. Moreover, the proposed algorithm and architecture could be easily extended to N-parallel implementations for matrix transposition. This architecture supports matrices whose rows and columns are integer multiples; it is mainly used for radix-2s butterfly algorithms using matrix transpositions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed single-path architecture can reduce the computation cycles and circuit area by a factor of 9.18% and 5.87%, respectively, for a 32 × 16 matrix transposition computation, compared with those of a recently proposed state-of-the-art architecture for matrix transposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, energy storage systems, such as batteries, are spreading in many applications. Among the kinds of batteries, the lithium-ion technology is one of the most promising solutions. Considering the photovoltaic (PV) plants, it is very important to perform a correct sizing of the battery pack to both maximise the self-consumption and minimise the total costs. In general, PV plants need a dc–dc converter to maximise the electric power that can be extracted from PV panels and a dc–ac converter to connect them to the ac grid. The battery pack can be connected in three different ways: dc coupled and ac coupled using a dedicated converter or through a direct connection on the dc-link between the dc–dc and dc–ac converters. In the present study, the last solution, without any dedicated converters, is used and a simple control strategy to both maximise the power extracted from the PV panel and regulate the charging/discharging of the battery is proposed.

The single-stage flyback Photovoltaic (PV) micro-inverter is considered as a simple and small in size topology but requires expensive digital microcontrollers such as Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or Digital Signal Processor (DSP) to increase the system efficiency, this would increase the cost of the overall system. To solve this problem, based on a single-stage flyback structure, this paper proposed a low cost and simple analog-digital control scheme. This control scheme is implemented using a low cost ATMega microcontroller built in the Arduino Uno board and some analog operational amplifiers. First, the single-stage flyback topology is analyzed theoretically and then the design consideration is obtained. Second, a 120 W prototype was developed in the laboratory to validate the proposed control. To prove the effectiveness of this control, we compared the cost price, overall system efficiency, and THD values of the proposed results with the results obtained by the literature. So, a low system component, single power stage, cheap control scheme, and decent efficiency are achieved by the proposed system. Finally, the experimental results present that the proposed system has a maximum efficiency of 91%, with good values of the total harmonic distortion (THD) compared to the results of other authors.

The authors are concerned in this study by bounded control of single input non‐linear under‐actuated mechanical systems. The authors focus the exposition on a feedback‐based stabilisation‐bounded control action shaped by saturation functions, and the proposed approach was illustrated via the design and the experimental evaluation of a simple stabilising controller for the cart–pendulum system, a well‐known control benchmark. The proposed simple control strategy is built around a lumped linear continuous time‐invariant description of the concerned under‐actuated non‐linear system. Namely, a model consisted of a cascade non‐linear dynamical system constituted by a chain of four integrators affected by a high‐order smooth non‐linear perturbation. Assuming initialisation of the under‐actuated system to the upper‐half plane, the proposed feedback‐based regulation design procedure involves the simultaneous combination of two control actions: one bounded linear and one bounded quasi‐linear. Control boundedness is provided in both involved control actions by specifically designed saturation functions. The first bounded control action brings the non‐actuated coordinate near to the upright position and keep it inside of a well characterised small vicinity, whereas the second bounded control action asymptotically brings the whole state of the dynamical system to the origin. The necessary closed‐loop stability analysis uses standard linear stability arguments as well as the traditional well‐known Lyapunov method and the LaSalle's invariance principle. The proposed control law ensures global stability of the closed‐loop system in the upper‐half plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The single-stage flyback Photovoltaic (PV) micro-inverter is considered as a simple and small in size topology but requires expensive digital microcontrollers such as Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or Digital Signal Processor (DSP) to increase the system efficiency, this would increase the cost of the overall system. To solve this problem, based on a single-stage flyback structure, this paper proposed a low cost and simple analog-digital control scheme. This control scheme is implemented using a low cost ATMega microcontroller built in the Arduino Uno board and some analog operational amplifiers. First, the single-stage flyback topology is analyzed theoretically and then the design consideration is obtained. Second, a 120 W prototype was developed in the laboratory to validate the proposed control. To prove the effectiveness of this control, we compared the cost price, overall system efficiency, and THD values of the proposed results with the results obtained by the literature. So, a low system component, single power stage, cheap control scheme, and decent efficiency are achieved by the proposed system. Finally, the experimental results present that the proposed system has a maximum efficiency of 91%, with good values of the total harmonic distortion (THD) compared to the results of other authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]