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Geometric compression is one of the primary design parameters for internal combustion engines. It is determined by the maximum volume ratio of the combustion chamber between the bottom dead center (BDC) and the minimum size of the combustion chamber in the position of the top dead center (TDC). In this study, a new motor was designed with a variable compression ratio (VCR) to enhance its performance. The comparison between the conventional engine and the turbo variable compression was analyzed using SolidWorks software. The results showed the advantages of VCR due to the change in performance according to changes in the required torque by varying the connecting rod stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geometric compression is one of the primary design parameters for internal combustion engines. It is determined by the maximum volume ratio of the combustion chamber between the bottom dead center (BDC) and the minimum size of the combustion chamber in the position of the top dead center (TDC). In this study, a new motor was designed with a variable compression ratio (VCR) to enhance its performance. The comparison between the conventional engine and the turbo variable compression was analyzed using SolidWorks software. The results showed the advantages of VCR due to the change in performance according to changes in the required torque by varying the connecting rod stroke.

Modelling by Finite Element Method (FEM) and fatigue assessment of the single-screw of a press for obtaining fish oil through Solidworks software. Fish oil is a dietary supplement resulting from the tissues of fatty fish, such as salmon, mackerel, herring, and other different types of fish. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, and this oil is extracted using an extrusion machine. The objective of this study is to design and analyze extruder parts by finite element analysis at the Department of Agricultural Engineering - Faculty of Agriculture, Egypt. The functional parts of the machine include a feeder, nozzle (barrel), filter mesh, pressure chambers 1 and 2, screw axis, and finally a waste outlet. As for finite element analysis, 9 indicators were studied such as Von Mises, yield strength, INT (stress intensity), TRI (triaxle stress), static displacements, RFRES (resultant reaction), ESTRN (equivalent strain), SEDENS (strain energy density, and ENERGY (total strain energy), and the results for screw axle were (3.12e+07 N/m², 1.72e+08 N/m², 3.60e+07 N/m², 3.71e+07 N/m², 3.17e-02 mm, 1.91e+02N, 1.08e-04,1.41e+03 N.m/m³, 4.41e-15 N.m) when applied 100 N as a torque load, this axle can press 5 times the added weight of fish waste. Also, for screw axis, the results of fatigue indices such as load factor and biaxiality were (7.72e+08, and 9.34e-01) respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rotor blades are a critical structural component of the tidal turbine since they are responsible for harvesting the kinetic energy of the water and transmitting it through the main drive train to the generator. At hand the rotor blades are manufactured using the materials like Conventional Steels and Aluminium Alloys. With the use of these existing materials it results in relatively low fracture toughness in high strength conditions, limited performance at elevated temperature. One of the main drawback of steel is suspected to corrosion and it also loses its properties at high temperatures. To overcome this issue Composite Material is being used. Rotor blade is made up of composite materials. The materials are glass fiber epoxy and natural fiber(sugar cane fiber) with the composition 10% of natural fiber and 90% of glass fiber epoxy. The modeling of the Rotor blade is carried out in SOLID WORKS and analysed using ANSYS FLUENT, Also the rotor blade is fabricated by HAND LAY-UP METHOD. The mechanical properties are tested. The results are validated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present automobiles are running with the help of fuel. But in the future, electricity plays a significant role. The generation upgrading into electricity as the main source. Leaf springs are used for suspension for automobiles. These leaf springs are manufactured with stainless steel material. This is heavy in weight, which is one of the limitations for consuming of fuel. If this material is used in electric vehicle, it consumes more electricity. To overcome this issue the material is replaced with composites. The primary goal of this endeavour is to achieve weight rebates without diminishing in reliability. A parametric study of the leaf spring by varying the three-dimensional parameters will be carried out. Fabrication of the composite specimen is based upon the ASTM standard. Modelling and analysis of composite leaf spring with SOLIDWORKS and ANSYS WORKBENCH software. Epoxy resin and E- glass fibre is reinforced with various fractions of Prosopis Juliflora (Throne powder) composites were falsification by hand layup technique. The fabricated composite material in the form of plate were cut into corresponding profiles as per ASTM standard. The objective is to examine the Stress, Strain, Deformation, Physical property, Mechanical properties, Thermal property of composite leaf spring with that of steel, CFRP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite numerous polymerization investigations, flexural characteristics of acrylic resins have not been widely explored. The mechanical characteristics of polymers have received little attention. Photosensitive resins (PSR) may be subjected to hazardous conditions when employed in many technological applications. It is critical to understand how the environment influences resin service life. This study evaluates the effect of the surrounding atmosphere on the mechanical attributes of PSR, including flexural strength, maximum force resistance, flexural strain, and morphological changes. The samples in circular rings were manufactured via 3D printing and divided into four groups according to their contact environment (exposure in water (EW), exposure in coffee (EC), exposure in salt (ES), and exposure in the air (EA)). The circular rings were first modeled via solid works and experimentally fabricated via a 3D printer parallel to the printer platform. Our experimental results demonstrate that the surrounding exposed environment and time duration significantly impact the mechanical properties of PSR. However, the mechanical characteristics of PSR are almost consistent when measured at different time intervals in an air environment. However, long-term solution exposure in liquid affects the mechanical properties of the fabricated rings. Mechanical flexural resilience decreases with increasing exposure time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to simulate the performance of helical tube shell and tube heat exchanger with several optimization techniques using computational fluid dynamics CFD. To check the performance of a designed model of heat exchanger, various techniques are available. In this study, the various possible models of the heat exchanger to enhance the performance of the device have been designed. Firstly, the straight tube is replaced by helical tube in the heat exchanger, and we used 10, 12, and 14 number helical baffles with 50% baffle cut. A total of ten models have been developed. These models are model-I 4-turns without baffle, model-II 4-turns with 10 number baffles, model-III 5-turns without baffle, model-IV 5-turns with 12 number baffles, model-V 6- turns without baffle, model-VI 6-turns with 10 number baffles 0.083m baffle space, model-VII 6-turns with 12 number 0.083m baffle space, model-VIII 6-turns with 14 number baffles 0.064m baffle space, model-IX 7-turns without baffle, model-X 7-turns with 14 number baffles, different number of baffles and baffle spaces with 50% baffle cut, and used CUO nanofluid model-XI 6-turns with 14 number baffle CUO fluid 0.083m baffle space CFD analysis simulation done on ANSYS FLUENT 18. The simulated result shows that the model XI is approximately 40% more optimized as compared to model-I and approximately 24% than model-VIII. It also found that the high heat transfer is obtained with increased number of baffles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The difference in some dimensions of the seeds prevents the optimal determination of the dimensions and shape of the holes in the feeding device, which reduces the efficiency of seed distribution during planting. The design and building of metering plates suitable for the faba bean seeds from material that is affordable and appropriate for the environmental and operational conditions during their onset on the land to cultivate the crop and enhance productivity. The plates were built by 3D printing by Tanta Motors - Egypt and tested at the Department of Agricultural Engineering - Faculty of Agriculture, Egypt. This research study was conducted for the design and development of plates. The discs were designed and built through a series of processes that were defined and plotted in proportion to the main dimensions and shape index of the seed. The materials analysis was tested by (Solidworks). Changes in materials (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene-Polyamide Nylon and Thermoplastic polyurethane) and shape index 1.7674 and 1.8782 were tested at Stress, displacement, Strain analysis, mesh, Deformation, and plate safety factor. Moreover, the simulation results indicated that the computational values were in agreement with the theoretical values. They all showed that the model and boundary conditions were correct and logical, and would provide a scientific basis for the optimal design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pipelines have a widely spread applications in industry. Water, sewage, flammable liquid, high pressure gasses and oil are transported using pipelines. These pipelines are long, interconnected and may be constructed underground or underwater. This makes their monitoring, periodic maintenance and repair a hard job when done by human operators. Hence, a robot system capable of carrying out these complicated operations in pipelines is extremely requested.in this papers a mechanical design and a prototype of an in-pipe robot system for cleaning 0.5 m inner diameter water pipes is presented. The proposed robot system is designed to perform cleaning operations for straight horizontal water pipes based on abrasion concept. The in-pipe robot system have three modules; forward and backward motion module, two identical cleaning modules which can move in rotational motion and radial motion (in and out) module. These three modules are designed to have the robot's two main positions: open position (for cleaning) and closed position (while entering and getting out of the pipe). A 3D model has been built using Solid works software, then a finite element analysis was carried out on robot’s frame using two materials: Steel and Aluminium. However, the Steel material has been selected due to its high rigidity. The robot control system was done using Adriano software. Robot dynamics were simulated in Simulink environment. The real time robot testing and measurements showed that the proposed robot mechanism can complete the cleaning operations effectively. The developed robot is expected to minimize maintenance time, effort, and cost.

A typical laminated spring with real-world dimensions and loads is the purpose of this study's usage of CAD software. In this paper, the front-end laminated spring of TATA-1109 is examined. Jamna Auto Industries offers the laminated spring design. This model has 37 parts and CATIA creates CAD models for leaf springs. It was imported into SOLID WORKS in *STP format for preprocessing. Establishing the contact reign between various leaves, meshing the model, and setting the revolute joint between pin and eye are some of the preprocessing steps. An analysis of the leaf spring's deflection and stresses using SOLID WORKS was performed. The experimental and CAE test results were then compared for validation. In addition, this study covers the creation and examination of a mono steel leaf spring model. The outcome is compared to the FGER single leaf spring result. Also, in this research, CAD models for riveted and cast eyes were built, and their CAE results were compared to the standard eye design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Connecting rod plays a major role in damping the various load while transferring the reciprocating movement to the rotating movement in the crankshaft. The careful design of the connecting rod is an important step to avoid the unexpected failure of the engine. The connecting rod experience cyclic tensile and compressive stress during suction, compression and power stroke. Moreover, due to the combustion inside the combustion chamber, thermal stress also will develop in the connecting rod. The main focus of this research work is to compare the structural stresses of different types of connecting rods used in IC engine. In this work modeling of different connecting rods has been done using SOLID WORKS and ANSYS workbench is used to do the FEM analysis. In this analysis, three different materials like structural steel, aluminium alloy and titanium are used for comparing the mechanical properties under different operating conditions of the connecting rod. Force and fixed support are considered as the boundary conditions and force is applied on the pin end and the crank end is considered as the fixed support of the connecting rod. At the beginning of this work, structural mechanical properties like equivalent stress, equivalent strain, total deformation and safety factor are calculated under a static load condition. It is inferred from this work that structural steel is the best material among the three elements due to the less total deformation, equivalent strain, safety factor and a considerable equivalent strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic modeling of a robot manipulator is a central problem in an accurate robot control. In this paper; the dynamic equations of motion were derived by using Eular-Lagrange method for a six degree of freedom articulated robot manipulator based on the geometrical jacobian construction for each link and actuator. In addition, friction effects beside the end effector forces that act the environment are considered. A Matlab Simulink plant is developed to embrace the theoretical work and simulate the dynamic response for a designed nonlinear controller Proportional Derivative plus Gravity (PD+G), also a modified controller is applied to reject the disturbances and the internal friction effect where the settling errors were 3.57E-6, 2.09E-7, -3.63E-6, 8.84E-6, -5.39E-8 and -4.39E-5 (deg) for joints one to six respectively. The presented approach can be applicable to solve the dynamic problem of other n-link robot manipulators and achieve a suitable solution for tracking trajectories.

To solve the problems of complex structure, poor self-adaptive and single grasping mode of bionic manipulator, an adaptive underactuated bionic manipulator with simple structure, and easy control and grasp was designed. The solid model of underactuated bionic manipulator was made by Solid Works, and the forward kinematics model was established. With the motion range obtained by Matlab, the kinematics simulation analysis of the bionic manipulator was carried out, and the kinematic parameters and motion characteristic curves of the key components of the bionic manipulator were obtained. The results show that the design of the manipulator is reasonable and feasible, which meets the design requirements of manipulator. It provides a reference for the motion control of the manipulator and the optimization design of mechanical structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No-till practices play an important role in decreasing production costs, increasing soil organic matter content, improving soil structure and removing unwanted environmental impacts. However, due to a lack of access to proper machinery for direct seeding in unplowed lands, such practices have failed to produce successful results since they are incapable of providing sufficient contact between soil and seeds. Introducing a machine that can plant seeds and fertilizer at two different depths in hard (unplowed) soils covered with last season’s crop residues can be the first step towards pilot no-till initiatives. This step can finally lead to the promotion of this practice in the potential areas. In this study, different components of a disk furrow opener were optimally designed in Solid Works modelling software. ANSYS was used to analyze this furrow opener and its three main related components. Finally, the coulter’s stress was determined using the von Mises criterion. The result showed that the minimum coulter stress was 1985.5Pa throughout the plane and its maximum belonged to the holes inside the hub with 1.0819x107Pa. The safety factor of the initial coulter was 17.85, while that of the optimally designed coulter was 25.

The fluidized bed in this paper was studied in inclined position. The investigation was performed using a computational fluid dynamic model using SolidWorks software program, and Ansys Fluent software programs. The height of the solid particles was studied during the fluidization process with three values of inclination degree angle (20, 40, 60 degree). The model was validated using another experimental paper by Yakubov et al. (2007). The results showed that as velocity of water increased, the upgrading of solid particles inside the pipe increased, meanwhile the expansion of solid particles decreased as the inclination degree of pipe increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Timber production tests using portable timber harvesters at the cutting site have shown that the reel clutch of harvesters gets jammed during the continuous scissoring motion of the jaws, leading to lower production efficiency. To circumvent this, a new type of rotary porous cylinder reel clutch was designed by analyzing the stress force on the jaw clutch and exploring probable causes of jamming. The analytical modeling method in Solid Works was used to effectively facilitate the design process. The coupling of the jaw roller and the jaw sleeve in conventional reel clutches was replaced by fitting the cylindrical pin to the round hole in the new design. Under the same experimental conditions, the rotary cylinder pin reel clutch reduces 3.71 s and 8 s of average separation time compared to the cylinder pin reel clutch and the jaw reel clutch, respectively. Therefore, the novel reel clutch design reported here minimizes the occurrence of jamming and significantly improves the production efficiency of portable timber harvesters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extremely dangerous and complex environment caused by tremendous earthquakes or unnatural disasters usually brings great danger to survivors and salvagers. Therefore, search and rescue missions after any disaster indicate a huge need in special access to reduce the loss for human beings and, at the same time, to improve the capability of performing the tasks. In terms of the miniature robots which can go into the confined zone for the searching tasks, this project focuses specially on analysing climbing obstacle capability of the miniature robots, and introduces a new concept composed of a jumping robot which is mounted on a tracked mobile base. To design, calculate, and analyse this system, an appropriate mechanism, geometric dimensions, and specific properties are detailed, which include a dual-tracked articulated transformable locomotion system, a transmission system with a sleeve shaft, an incomplete gear jumping mechanism, and the selection and calculation of power system motors. To complete the design procedure, a three-dimensional sketch of each component of the robot was generated by means of Solidworks.

Numerical analysis of deflection for the existing solution of the friction lift carrying ropes suspension was presented in this article. A similar analysis for the optimized bracket of the carrying ropes suspension was demonstrated from the geometrical point of view. Finite Element Method was used for calculations. It allows mapping the actual operating conditions by using commercial SolidWorks software. Geometrical modifications of the bracket were proposed to save time of manufacturing the detail parts. On that basis, the calculations of percentage indicator of the construction damage and its durability were performed in both cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical analysis of the carrying frame subassemblies strength installed in the friction lift was presented in this article. Two models of the frame loading were introduced. One of them was applied during loading and the other one during regular operation with nominal load capacity. Finite Element Method was used for calculations. It allows mapping the actual operating conditions by using commercial SolidWorks software. Modifications in the frame key subassemblies from geometrical point of view were proposed. Due to them, the frame weight was reduced by 20% and a safety coefficient was maintained at the level of 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bicycle is seen as a transportation course of action upgrading distinctive normal, monetary and social points of view. A combination of bicycle plan and setups for utility are used to pass on individual resources, fundamental supplies, adolescents and essentially more. One explicit utility bicycle is the collapsing bicycle. Its arrangement empowers customers to easily transport the bicycle using less space when the bicycle is "crumbled" in to an insignificant size. While using a collapsing bicycle with a bicycle travel, it empowers individuals ability to board travel vehicles. The flexibility of a falling bicycle is furthermore appropriate for air travel and for when lacking halting and bicycle theft is an important concern. In this paper, I am will do plan and examination of a foldable bike with reference to the hummingbird cycle which is the lightest bicycle on the planet. In this undertaking principle expect to make structure of cycle which is not exactly the hummingbird utilizing distinctive materials for the suspension and innovation to make it less weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional methods of designing cam profile always leads to complicated calculation,low computational accuracy and efficiency. But by using Matlab programming language,the computational accuracy can be increased and the design period can be shortened in the process of solving and drawing cam profile.Firstly,the data points on the curve that are drawn in the Matlab can be derived. Secondly,a rough draft of cam profile is generated in Solid Works. Finally,the three- dimensional model of cam profile is created during the stretching process. This method is easy to operate and can greatly improve the design efficiency by quickly modifying the shape of cam profile according to the actual working conditions.

No-till practices play an important role in decreasing production costs, increasing soil organic matter content, improving soil structure and removing unwanted environmental impacts. However, due to a lack of access to proper machinery for direct seeding in unplowed lands, such practices have failed to produce successful results since they are incapable of providing sufficient contact between soil and seeds. Introducing a machine that can plant seeds and fertilizer at two different depths in hard (unplowed) soils covered with last season's crop residues can be the first step towards pilot no-till initiatives. This step can finally lead to the promotion of this practice in the potential areas. In this study, different components of a disk furrow opener were optimally designed in Solid Works modelling software. ANSYS was used to analyze this furrow opener and its three main related components. Finally, the coulter's stress was determined using the von Mises criterion. The result showed that the minimum coulter stress was 1985.5Pa throughout the plane and its maximum belonged to the holes inside the hub with 1.0819x107Pa. The safety factor of the initial coulter was 17.85, while that of the optimally designed coulter was 25. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chhattisgarh is one of the major rice growing states of India, and paddy is the main crop, cultivated in about 76 % of area under agriculture. Mechanical weed control helps reduce the drudgery involved in manual hoeing. Manufacturing process of paddy weeder involves several operations that are to be performed sequentially, repeatedly, effectively, and hence, emphasis is to perform all the operations more efficiently as well. Jigs were designed with the help of software Solid Works and were then developed at the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Raipur. The saving in cost of weeding was 60 %, and saving in time was 65 % compared to manual weeding. The improved jigs facilitated the production in 60 % of time taken by traditional jigs. Taguchi method was used to solve the problems related to improving the yield and productivity. Taguchi's design of experiments (DOE) helped pin-point the source of yield and increase the yielding efficiency. The DOE based on L8-orthogonal array of Taguchi methodology were implemented. The paper outlines Taguchi methodology to optimize the control factors having high and low settings in the production of paddy weeder. The analysis of the results showed that the optimal combination for minimum time consumption in production process is maximum number of bending with minimum welding operation and minimum number of drilling operations. The optimized process by implementation of Taguchi methodology showed a reduction of 30 % in average production time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the water retaining structure, seepage through the body wall and foundation plays a major role in the failure of structures. To design any kind of structure for proper retaining, the effect due to seepage should be considered widely. In this paper, % of increase in arrested seepage is arrived from various analyses. Compressive strength of nano silica, nano alumina and carbon nano tube is found out by the experiment and Elastic modulus is calculated. Stress analysis is carried out with analysis software 3D SOLID WORKS. The critical location of the crack is noticed for various service conditions like water filled for full height ( h d ), more than half height (0.75 h d ) and half height (0.5 h d ). The seepage analysis is carried out on the basis of two-dimensional Laplace equations. The partial differential equation (PDE) Toolbox in MATLAB, by the method of finite element method (FEM), provides a powerful and flexible environment for the seepage study. Values of the velocity contours are recorded for various sizes of the crack at the critical location before treatment. Later, these cracks are filled with the mortar of nano-silica, nano alumina and carbon nano tube. The values of the velocity contours are recorded again after the treatment. Finally, the percentage increase in arrested seepage is calculated and it is found that carbon nano tube has behaved better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]