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Sports federations are the great promoters of sport at the national level. Their public-private structure requires them to maintain a strong relationship with the public administration. That is why the economic situation of a country, as well as the sports support policy, significantly influence the structure, projects and sports results obtained. This work shows the evolution of public funding in the Spanish federative sport, as well as the evolution of the medals obtained in the Olympic Games held in the period 2008-2017. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What are the myths and realities of the Scandinavian sport model? The author analyses four constituents of the Scandinavian sport model, using Norwegian football as an example. For adult football, there is clear discrepancy between conceptions and realities, while the current model describes the realities of children's and youth football fairly accurately. The author reports and analyses interviews with leaders of an elite sports club and a sport-for-all club, as well as the results of a survey of 155 coaches of children's and youth football. The survey and interviews reveal that Norwegian football is a divided house, possibly signalling future trends in Scandinavian sport as a whole. Whether the distinguishing features of Scandinavian sport will continue is an open question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In Hungary, with respect to the organizational issues associated with sports, there has occurred the demand for clarifying structural forms. The domestic development of sports raises the question in which fields the association-based sports model can be sustained, and operated further, and where organizational structures aligned with business models are viable. This article has described an example from German professional football, i.e. given an overview of the operation of Borussia Dortmund as a potential form for the enterprise and organizational solution. The strength of the demonstrated model is that the pursuance of business activities that cannot be or can be just hardly handled in the environment offered by associations is transferred to a setting dominated by economic conditions, whereas self-regulating civil values are not lost either, because the association remains the “parent company”.

Although sport offers many psychological and physical health benefits, only a minority of youngsters become seriously involved.   One construct that has potential to describe psychological commitment and longer term participation in sport is sport identity.    The purpose of this study was to a) identify key psychosocial and socio-environmental variables related to sport identity, and b) provide a preliminary test of a sport identity model to predict children's sport participation.   Participants were 55 boys and 45 girls aged 12 to 13 from a secondary school in England.   A series of established questionnaires including the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire, Self-Regulation Questionnaire, Sport Competence Subscale from the Physical Self-Perception Profile and Perceived Importance Profile, and Athletic Identity Measurement Scale were used to assess psychosocial variables.   In addition, socio-environmental questionnaires were developed for the study to assess the influence of parents, peers, and schools.   Regression analysis indicated that sport identity was the strongest predictor of sport participation.   A preliminary model featuring sport identity as a mediator between psychosocial, environmental variables and sport participation was tested. Results indicated that the data provided a good fit.   This study has provided initial evidence that sport identity is an important construct for the study of children's sport participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]