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Introduction: Aging of skeletal muscles results in a cascade of events negatively affecting muscle mass, strength, and function, leading to reduced mobility, increased risk of falls, disability, and loss of independence. To date, different methods are used to assess muscle mechanical function, tensiomyography (TMG) being one of them. The aim of this review was twofold: to summarize the evidence-based usefulness of tensiomyography in older adults and to establish reference values for the main tensiomyography parameters in older adults. Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and tensiomyography databases were searched from inception until 25 December 2022. Studies investigating older adults (aged 60+ years) that reported tensiomyographyderived parameters such as contraction time (Tc) and/or maximal displacement (Dm) were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Results: In total, eight studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Tensiomyography has been used on different groups of older adults, including asymptomatic, master athletes, patients with peripheral arterial disease, and patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis with a mean age of 71.5 ± 5.38 (55.7% male subjects). The most evaluated were leg muscles such as vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius medialis (GM), and biceps femoris (BF). The present review demonstrates that tensiomyography is used to assess neuromuscular function in asymptomatic and diseased older adults. When compared to asymptomatic individuals, power master athletes, knee osteoarthritis patients, and patients diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease have the shortest Tc in BF, VL, and GM muscles, respectively. On the other hand, endurance master athletes showed the longest Tc in all three evaluated muscles. Less mobile, nursing-home residents showed higher Dm in VL and BF, while lower Dm in GM than the asymptomatic group. The knee osteoarthritis group showed the largest Dm in BF and VL while having the smallest Dm in GM. Conclusion: Tensiomyography can serve as a valuable tool for assessing neuromuscular function in older adults. The method is sensitive to muscle composition, architecture, and (pre) atrophic changes of the skeletal muscles and might be responsive to muscle quality changes in aging and diseased populations. Članek je del Research Topic "Spotlight on Aging: Anthropological Factors Impacting Physiology, Prevention and Management of Aging Conditions" Opis vira z dne 16. 6. 2023. Bibliografija: str. 9-11. Abstract. ARIS, Raziskovalni projekti, SI, Validacija markerja mišične kakovosti za diagnosticiranje sarkopenije ARIS, Raziskovalni programi, SI, Kineziologija za kakovost življenja

Uvod: Decembra 2019 so v mestu Wuhan na Kitajskem poročali o izbruhu nove bolezni – COVID-19. Virus se je hitro razširil po svetu in 12. marca 2020 je SZO razglasila pandemijo. Preventivni ukrepi, ki so predvsem temeljili na socialni izolaciji so močno vplivali na duševno zdravje starejših. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bilo ugotoviti učinek pandemije COVID-19 na duševno zdravje starejših in opredeliti varovalne dejavnike in dejavnike tveganja na duševno zdravje starejših v času pandemije COVID-19. Metode dela: Uporabljana je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom strokovne tuje literature s področja pandemije COVID-19 in njenim vplivom na starejše. Literaturo smo iskali preko podatkovne baze PubMed. V pregled in analizo je bilo vključenih 12 enot literature, ki smo jih kratko predstavili v tabeli in z njimi odgovorili na raziskovalna vprašanja. Rezultati: Rezultati so pokazali, da je imela pandemija COVID-19 negativni vpliv na duševno zdravje starejših. Najpogosteje so se starejši soočali s strahom pred okužbo, kroničnim stresom, porastom simptomov depresije in anksioznosti in osamljenostjo. Najpomembnejši dejavnik tveganja za poslabšanje duševnega zdravja pa je bila socialna izolacija. Po pregledu raziskav smo ugotovili, da so bile ženske in starejši, ki so živeli sami bolj dovzetni za poslabšanje duševnega zdravja. V raziskavah, kjer so udeležencem aktivno pomagali pri soočanju s spremembami, ki jih je prinesla pandemija, pa se je izkazalo, da se duševno zdravje anketirancev ni poslabšalo, ali pa se je celo izboljšalo. Razprava in zaključek: Starejši spadajo med ranljivejšo populacijo, saj so zaradi svoje krhkosti v telesnem in duševnem smislu bolj dovzetni za samo okužbo s COVID-19 in poslabšanje duševnega zdravja. Pandemija COVID-19 nas je prisilila v socialno izolacijo, zaradi katere so starejši bili izolirani od svojcev in prijateljev in imeli omejen dostop do zdravstvenih storitev ter spremenjeno dnevno rutino, kar pa je pri marsikaterem starejšem pripeljalo do osamljenosti, depresije in anksioznosti. Zagotovo bi bilo potrebno v takšnih razmerah, kot jih je povzročila pandemija COVID-19 starejšim posvetiti več pozornosti. Introduction: In December 2019, a new outbreak of COVID-19 was reported in Wuhan, China. The virus spread rapidly around the world and on 12 March 2020, the WHO declared a pandemic. Preventive measures, mainly based on social isolation, have had a major impact on the mental health of the elderly. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of older people and to identify protective and risk factors on the mental health of older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A descriptive method of work was used by reviewing the foreign literature on the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on older people. The literature was searched through the PubMed database. The review and analysis included 12 units of literature, which are briefly presented in the table and used to answer the research questions. Results: The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the mental health of older people. The most common symptoms experienced by older people were fear of infection, chronic stress, increased symptoms of depression and anxiety, and loneliness. However, the most important risk factor for deteriorating mental health was social isolation. After reviewing the research, we found that women and older people who lived alone were more susceptible to mental health deterioration. However, in studies where participants were actively helped to cope with the changes brought about by the pandemic, it appeared that respondents' mental health did not deteriorate, or even improved. Discussion and conclusion: The elderly were among the more vulnerable population, as their physical and mental frailty made them more susceptible to COVID-19 infection itself and to deterioration in mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced us into social isolation, which has isolated older people from family and friends, limited their access to health services and altered their daily routines, leading to loneliness, depression and anxiety in many older people. Certainly, in a situation such as that caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, more attention should be paid to the elderly.

Background Sarcopenia is a common skeletal muscle syndrome that is common in older adults but can be mitigated by adequate and regular physical activity. The development and severity of sarcopenia is favored by several factors, the most influential of which are a sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity. The aim of this observational longitudinal cohort study was to evaluate changes in sarcopenia parameters, based on the EWGSOP2 definition in a population of active older adults after eight years. It was hypothesized that selected active older adults would perform better on sarcopenia tests than the average population. Methods The 52 active older adults (22 men and 30 women, mean age: 68.4±5.6 years at the time of their first evaluation) participated in the study at two time points eight-years apart. Three sarcopenia parameters were assessed at both time points: Muscle strength (handgrip test), skeletal muscle mass index, and physical performance (gait speed), these parameters were used to diagnose sarcop0enia according to the EWGSOP2 definition. Additional motor tests were also performed at follow-up measurements to assess participants’ overall fitness. Participants self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior using General Physical Activity Questionnaire at baseline and at follow-up measurements. Results In the first measurements we did not detect signs of sarcopenia in any individual, but after 8 years, we detected signs of sarcopenia in 7 participants. After eight years, we detected decline in ; muscle strength (-10.2%; p

Polimorbidnost, ki je značilna za starostnike, pogosto vodi v zdravljenje z več zdravili hkra-ti, kar je lahko zelo učinkovito in v nekaterih primerih nujno potrebno, posebej pri bolnikih z duševnimi motnjami. Z višanjem števila zdravil v terapiji se veča verjetnost nastanka mož-nih neželenih učinkov in medsebojnega delovanja zdravil, zato imajo pri optimizaciji poli-farmakoterapije, ter izbiri varnega ter učinkovitega zdravljenja z zdravili, klinični farmacevti čedalje bolj pomembno vlogo. Pozitivni vplivi vključevanja farmacevta v obravnavo pacien-tov so bili v Sloveniji dokazani predvsem na ambulantnem nivoju (farmacevt svetovalec), medtem ko je podatkov za psihiatrične bolnišnice malo. Namen raziskave je oceniti vpliv kliničnega farmacevta na kakovost zdravljenja z zdravili z optimizacijo farmakoterapije pri starostnikih (klinični vidik) ter na zmanjševanje stroškov povezanih s farmakoterapijo (ekonomski vidik). Izvedli smo neintervencijsko retrospektivno raziskavo primerov v Psihiatrični bolnišnici Ormož, v katero smo vključili paciente, ki so bili med letoma 2013 in 2018 napoteni na farmakoterapijski pregled (FTP) h kliničnemu farmacevtu. Na dan pregleda so bili stari vsaj 65 let in so prejemali vsaj pet različnih zdravil. S pomočjo analize FTP in odpustnih pisem smo vrednotili število in vrste nasvetov farmacevta (primarni izidi spremljanja kvalitete zdravljenja) ter finančno vrednost sprejetih nasvetov (sekundarni oziroma ekonomski izidi). V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 106 pacientov (povprečna starost 78,4 leta), ki so imeli v povprečju predpisanih 11,4 zdravil. Po obravnavi pri farmacevtu je vsak pacient v povpre-čju prejemal 1,1 zdravila manj, torej 10,3 zdravil. Celokupno je bilo predpisanih 9,6 % manj zdravil kot pred FTP (1089 v primerjavi z 1204). Pojavnost potencialno neprimernih zdravil za starostnike (PIM) se je zmanjšala za 53,1 % glede na Priscus listo (iz 96 na 45 PIM), ter za 37,3 % (iz 166 na 104 PIM) glede na Beersove kriterije. Število potencialnih X interakcij se je z značilno razliko zmanjšalo iz 24 na 4 (83,3 % delež zmanjšanja) (p = 0,050), število potencialnih D interakcij pa za 65,9 % (iz 129 na 44 zdravil) (p < 0,001). Število zdravil, predpisanih brez jasne indikacije, se je po FTP skoraj prepolovilo v primerjavi s številom pred FTP (42,7 % delež zmanjšanja N = 75) (p < 0,001). Z upoštevanimi intervencijami farmacevta je bilo prihranjenih 177.758,5 € stroškov, razmerje med vloženimi in pridoblje-nimi sredstvi za en FTP je v tem primeru (16,0–22,6) € : 1 €. Visok delež upoštevanih inter-vencij (63,8 % N = 570) nakazuje na dobro sodelovanje med farmacevtom in zdravniki v bolnišnici, visoka donosnost storitve FTP pa potrebo po sistemskem financiranju in s tem omogočanje večje dostopnosti storitev za bolnike in finančna sredstva bolnišnicam za zapo-slovanje kliničnih farmacevtov z namenom izvajanja storitev FTP. Rezultati raziskave pri-kazujejo, da vključevanje kliničnega farmacevta izboljšuje kvaliteto zdravljenja z zdravili pri starostnikih. Multimorbidity is more common in advanced age and often leads to polypharmacy, which can be effective and sometimes even necessary, especially in patients with mental disor-ders. However, the more medications a patient takes, the greater the risk of drug interac-tions and adverse effects. Clinical pharmacists are gaining recognition for optimizing drug therapy and selecting the safest and most effective medications for patients. Studies in have shown that the involvement of clinical pharmacists is effective, especially in primary care, while data for psychiatric units are limited. We aimed to investigate the impact of clinical pharmacists' interventions on the quality of medication prescribing by optimizing drug therapy in the elderly (clinical aspect) and on reducing the cost of pharmacotherapy (economic aspect). We conducted a non-interventional, retrospective case study that included patients hospi-talized in the Ormož Psychiatric Unit who were referred to a clinical pharmacist for a med-ication review between the years 2013 and 2018. On the day of the consultation, patients were at least 65 years old and had prescribed at least five different medications. Using ret-rospective analysis of medical records, we collected information on the number and type of interventions made by the clinical pharmacist (primary outcomes of therapy optimization monitoring) and the financial value the suggestions adopted (secondary or economic out-comes). The study included 106 patients (mean age 78.4 years) who had been prescribed an average of 11.4 drugs before the medication review. Medication reviews conducted by clinical pharmacists reduced the number of medications prescribed in the patients' drug regiments by an average of 1.1 and 10.3, respectively. Overall, patients received 9.6 % fewer medica-tions (from 1204 to 1089) after the medication review. The number of prescribed PIMs decreased by 53.1 % according to the Priscus list (from 96 to 45 PIM) and by 37.3 % ac-cording to the Beers criteria (from 166 to 104). A statistically significant difference was observed in reducing potential drug-drug interactions of type X from 24 to 4 (83.3 % re-duction rate) (p = 0,050), and of type D from 129 to 44, corresponding to a reduction rate of 65.9 % (p < 0,001). The number of medications prescribed without a clear indication (p < 0,001) was reduced by almost half after medication review (42.7 % reduction rate N = 75). 177,758.5 € in unnecessary costs were saved by the considered interventions, and the ratio between invested and acquired funds for medication review was (16.0–22.6) €: 1 €. The high acceptance of the proposed interventions (63.8 % N = 570) indicates that the collaboration between clinical pharmacists and physicians works well. The high profitability of the medication review service indicates the need for sytematic financing of the service, allowing better accessibility for patients and financial resources for hospitals employing clinical pharmacists to perform medication review services. The results of the study show that the involvement of a clinical pharmacist positively affects the quality of drug therapy in the elderly.

Background: It is widely recognized that technologies have the potential to contribute to high-quality long-term care for older people at home. Evidence from past RCTs partly confirms the positive effects of technology use, although results are mixed and various questions remain unanswered. Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the beneficial mid- and long-term effects of using aging-in-place technologies on quality of life (QoL) indicators like perceived safety, control, and participation (ATQoL scale) and other specific psychosocial outcomes (PI-ADS) as well as general health-related QoL (EQ-5D-5L Index value and Health today). Method: We conducted an RCT with 281 older people in Austria, Italy, the Netherlands, and Slovenia. Persons in the intervention group (n=143) obtained a bundle of smart home and assistive technologies which they used for 6 or 13 months in their private homes. Persons in the control group (n=138) received no intervention. Three hypotheses were tested with Generalized Linear Mixed Models. Results: We found slightly positive impacts of technology use on some of the specific QoL indicators for persons who used the technologies for 13 months and were relatively motivated and healthy. No, or even detrimental, effects emerged after 6 months. However, persons who used the emergency watch frequently perceived more favorable outcomes than those who used it rarely. Effects had small to medium standardized effect sizes. No effects emerged for the general health-related QoL measure. Conclusion: Despite study limitations (and the COVID-19 pandemic) we conclude that aging-in-place technologies can mitigate adverse age-related developments, and have stabilizing effects on the QoL of older persons. Our trial showed that outcome indicators that are closely related to technology use should be preferred to general indicators. Findings now have to be consolidated in meta-analyses to paint a clearer picture of the beneficial effects of technology use.

A poor person–environment fit may bring various negative effects to older people’s independence and physical and psychological well-being. The presented study is especially valuable as it explores the challenges of living in cities in a country located in central and eastern Europe; namely, a less researched area when it comes to the quality of life of older people dwelling in an urban environment. The research questions that were explored are (1) what environmental pressures have people identified in the urban environment in Slovenia; and (2) what strategies have they used to deal with them? The study is based on 22 interviews with older people and three focus groups, that were then analysed using a thematic analysis approach. The study results identify a number of environmental pressures, which were divided into structural housing pressures, structural neighbourhood pressures, and formal and informal pressures. The analysis shows important behavioural responses, such as strategies of using formal and informal help, moving away from environmental pressures, mobility, actively involved in changing the environment, as well as attitudinal adaptation strategies, such as acceptance, resilience, using distraction, modesty and planning for the future. We further emphasize how these coping strategies are linked to individual and community capabilities, which function as a conversion factor. Nasl. z nasl. zaslona. Opis vira z dne 15. 3. 2023. Bibliografija: str. 11-14. Abstract.

The utilization of a non-invasive electroencephalogram (EEG) as an input sensor is a common approach in the field of the brain–computer interfaces (BCI). However, the collected EEG data pose many challenges, one of which may be the age-related variability of event-related potentials (ERPs), which are often used as primary EEG BCI signal features. To assess the potential effects of aging, a sample of 27 young and 43 older healthy individuals participated in a visual oddball study, in which they passively viewed frequent stimuli among randomly occurring rare stimuli while being recorded with a 32-channel EEG set. Two types of EEG datasets were created to train the classifiers, one consisting of amplitude and spectral features in time and another with extracted time-independent statistical ERP features. Among the nine classifiers tested, linear classifiers performed best. Furthermore, we show that classification performance differs between dataset types. When temporal features were used, maximum individuals’ performance scores were higher, had lower variance, and were less affected overall by within-class differences such as age. Finally, we found that the effect of aging on classification performance depends on the classifier and its internal feature ranking. Accordingly, performance will differ if the model favors features with large within-class differences. With this in mind, care must be taken in feature extraction and selection to find the correct features and consequently avoid potential age-related performance degradation in practice.

Thailand is a country in Southeast Asia that was once Suvarnabhumi land with a long history of 2600 years in parallel with the history of Buddhism here. Buddhi-sm, the major religion in Thailand, was originally propagated by two Indian Budd-hist monks named Sona and Uttara. Consequently, Buddhism has contributed to the Thai people for a long time. Obviously, in the first quarter of the 21st century, the situation of the elderly population around the world has been monitored and planned. Thailand is a country in Southeast Asia that has had an Ageing Society for more than 10 years. About 93.5% of the Thai population believe in Buddhism. According to Buddhism, elderly people are valuable because of their experience and contribution, and Buddhism always teaches gratitude. Therefore, to meet the challenge of an ageing society, appropriate age-related caregiving must be subject to accountability. In the Pāli Canon of Buddhism, there are many stories and tea-chings about the role and significance of elderly people along with caregiving, such as parents’ caregiving. The Buddha’s teachings have aimed to help provide human beings with physical, moral, emotional and wisdom development for the sake of their well-being. To follow the Buddha’s compassion, Buddhism in Thailand has been interpreted and applied to the well-being of ageing people. Tajska je država v jugovzhodni Aziji, ki je bila nekoč del tako imenovane »Zlate dežele« (Suvarnabhumi), z 2600-letno zgodovino in enako dolgo zgodovino bu-dizma na svojih tleh. Budizem, osrednja vera v državi (okoli 93,5 % prebivalstva je verujočih budistov), je torej že dolgo pomemben del življenja tajskega naroda. Vse od začetka 21. stoletja se položaj starejšega prebivalstva po svetu skrbno spremlja in načrtuje – Tajska že 10 let sodi med države s starajočo se družbo. Za uspešno spo-padanje z izzivi tovrstne družbe je treba predvsem odgovorno poskrbeti za ustrez-no oskrbo ostarelih. V budizmu so starejši ljudje cenjeni zaradi svojih izkušenj in preteklih prispevkov družbi, vera pa tudi uči hvaležnosti. Palijski kanon budizma vsebuje veliko zgodb in naukov tako o vlogi in pomembnosti starejših ljudi kot o starševski skrbi zanje. Namen Budovih naukov je v tem, da človeka spodbujajo k napredovanju v telesnem, moralnem, čustvenem in intelektualnem razvoju in s tem k skrbi za lastno in skupno dobrobit. Tajski budizem sledi idealu sočutja s prizadevanjem za dobrobit starejših.

Uvod: Spolnost v poznejših letih je zdaj postavljena kot ključni element staranja. Staranje lahko ponudi priložnosti in omejitve seksualnosti. Ker v starosti lahko prihaja do povečanja razvijanja simptomov kronične bolezni, to posledično vpliva na spolnost pri starostnikih. Razmerje med spolnimi odnosi in starostnikovo zmogljivostjo se zmanjša. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti problematiko in psihosocialni vidik spolnosti pri starostnikih kot tudi vlogo zdravstvenih delavcev pri obravnavi spolnosti pri starostnikih v zdravstvenih ustanovah. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela, s pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature objavljena v slovenskem ali angleškem jeziku. V analizi so uporabljeni članki, ki proučujejo spolnost, spolnost pri starostnikih, spolno disfunkcijo in vpliv zdravstvene nege na kakovost življenja in spolnosti starostnikov. Uporabljene so bile baze Medline, CINAHL, COBISS, Science Direct in iskalnik Pubmed, ter spletni portal DiKul ter Google učenjak. Rezultati: Spolnost starostnikov se v starosti spremeni zaradi različnih dejavnikov. O spolni disfunkciji običajno starostniki ne govorijo, ker mislijo, da je to naraven proces staranja in ga ne morejo preprečiti. V nasprotju s tem, kar misli družba, starejši moški in ženske še vedno skrbijo za svoje spolno življenje. Spolnost v poznejšem življenju je mnogokrat podvržena stigmi, napačnim predstavam in zmanjšanemu poudarku na varno spolnost. Razprava in zaključek: Veliko starostnikov meni, da je njihova spolnost in njen izraz pomemben sestavni del dobre kakovosti življenja. Medtem ko nekateri starostniki želijo, da njihova spolnost ostane skrivnost, je velika želja mnogih, da se lahko z zdravstvenimi delavci pogovorijo o spolni disfunkciji ali o drugih vprašanjih, povezanih s spolnostjo. Pogosto so starejši v zadregi zaradi negativnih odnosov in nezainteresiranosti zdravstvenih delavcev do razprave. Vprašanja, povezana s spolnostjo in spolnim zdravjem starostnikom ostajajo nedotaknjena tema. Potrebna je razprava brez tesnobe in nelagodja, tako da bodo starejši deležni optimalne oskrbe in zdravljenja. Tako bi morale zdravstvene službe spodbujati varno okolje za spolne razprave, kjer bi spodbujali odprto izmenjavo informacij in zagotovili, da bi starostniki prejemali oskrbo, zdravljenje, podporo in informacije, ki so potrebne za njihovo zdravstveno varstvo. Introduction: Sexuality in later life is now positioned as a key element of aging. Aging can offer both opportunities and limitations to sexuality. Since in old age there can be an increase in the development of symptoms of a chronic disease, this consequently affects the sexuality of the elderly. The relationship between sexual relations and the elderly's performance decreases. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to present the issue and psychosocial aspect of sexuality in the elderly, as well as the role of health workers in dealing with sexuality in the elderly in medical institutions. Methods: The diploma work uses a descriptive work method, with a review of professional and scientific literature published in Slovenian or English. The analysis uses articles that study sexuality, sexuality in the elderly, sexual dysfunction and the impact of nursing care on the quality of life and sexuality of the elderly. The databases Medline, CINAHL, COBISS, Science Direct and the Pubmed search engine, as well as the online portal DiKul and Google Scholar were used. Results: The sexuality of the elderly changes in old age due to various factors. Elderly people usually don't talk about sexual dysfunction because they think it's a natural aging process and they can't prevent it. Contrary to what society thinks, older men and women still care about their sex lives. Sexuality in later life is often subject to stigma, misconceptions and a reduced emphasis on safe sex. Discussion and conclusion: Many elderly people believe that their sexuality and its expression is an important component of a good quality of life. While some seniors want to keep their sexuality a secret, many want to be able to talk to health professionals about sexual dysfunction or other issues related to sexuality. Elderly people are often embarrassed by the negative attitudes and disinterest of healthcare professionals in the discussion. Issues related to sexuality and sexual health for the elderly remain an untouched topic. A discussion without anxiety and discomfort is needed so that the elderly receive optimal care and treatment. Thus, health services should promote a safe environment for gender discussions, where they encourage the open exchange of information and ensure that older people receive the care, treatment, support and information necessary for their health care.

Uvod: Živimo v družbi, v kateri se število starejšega prebivalstva povečuje, povečuje pa se tudi število obolelih za kroničnimi nenalezljivimi boleznimi. Življenjska doba ljudi se daljša in z naraščanjem deleža starejšega prebivalstva se povečujejo potrebe po sistemu dolgotrajne oskrbe, ki mora biti učinkovit in finančno vzdržen. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je ugotoviti stanje na področju zakonske ureditve varstva starejših oseb v Republiki Sloveniji, sekundarni namen raziskave je pridobljene rezultate za Slovenijo primerjati z ugotovitvami mednarodne raziskave in jih tako postaviti v primerjalno sobesedilo. Problemsko polje raziskave obsega razčlenitev in primerjavo zakonske ureditve pravic starejših oseb, hkrati je tudi del širše mednarodne raziskave, ki jo vodi profesor Israel Doron. Metode: V magistrskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom literature. Primarno smo pregledali predpise iz baze pravnih predpisov Pravno–informacijskega sistema Republike Slovenije, ki obsegajo področja zdravstvenega in socialnega varstva ter se nanašajo na pravice starejših oseb. Literatura je bila iskana po ključnih besedah starostnik, elderly, medicinska sestra, nurse, pravice starejših, rights of the elderly, zakonodaja, legislation, diskriminacija starejših, elderly discrimination, skrb za starejše osebe, elderly care, pokojnina, pension v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, MEDLINE, COBISS, Pub Med, EBSCO, Springerlink, Digitalna knjižnica Univerze v Ljubljani, spletne strani SAGE Publications ter Obzornika zdravstvene nege. Rezultati: Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da je dejansko stanje na področju zakonske ureditve področja starejših oseb kompleksno in da sama zakonska ureditev še ne daje vpogleda v to, kako je za to starostno skupino prebivalstva dejansko poskrbljeno. Slovenija po mednarodnem indeksu IOPHRI dosega 20 točk, kar jo uvršča v zgornjo tretjino držav z najboljšim varstvom starejših oseb. Razprava in zaključek: Demografsko staranje populacije je v večini razvitih držav sveta mnogo hitrejše, kot je bilo v preteklosti, kar je posledica podaljševanja pričakovane življenjske dobe in zmanjševanja stopnje rodnosti. Kljub razvitosti in ekonomski stabilnosti držav je kakovost življenja starejših oseb slabša od pričakovane. Introduction: We live in a society where the number of elderly is rising, together with the rising numbers of people with chronic non-contagious diseases. The life expectancy of people is prolonged and by increased numbers of older people the needs for efficient and economically stabile long-term care are becoming more and more important. Purpose: The purpose of the master thesis is to analyze the situation in the area of formal legislation of care for the elderly in Slovenia, whilst the secondary purpose is to compare the results of Slovenia with the results of an international research and by doing so, to set the comparative text. The problem area of the research encompasses the analysis and comparation of formal legislation for older people and is also a part of a wider international research, led by professor Israel Doron. Methods: In the master thesis a descriptive method with a literature review was used. Primarily, the basis of legislation that covers the area of healtcare, social welfare and the rights of older people, in the Legal Information System of the Republic of Slovenia was analysed. The literaturewas searched by using key words, namely elderly, nurse, rights of the elderly, legialsation, elderly discrimination, elderly care and pension in databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, COBISS, Pub Med, EBSCO, Springerlink, the Digital Library of the University of Ljubljana, SAGER Publications webpage and Slovenian Nursing review. Results: The results of the research show that the actual situation in the area of elderly legislation is complex and that the legislation itself does not provide the insight into actual care for older people. Slovenia classifies in the top three thirds of countries with the best care for older people by reaching 20 points in the international index IOPHRI. Discussion and conclusion: The demografical ageing of population rises much quicker and more rapidly than in the past in most of the developed countries due to the prolonged life expectancy and decreased fertility. Despite development and economical stability of countries the quality of life of older people is worse than expected.

Internet privacy has been proposed as a new dimension of the digital divide. Although Internet privacy relates to all segments of the population, older Internet users are particularly vulnerable because they generally have lower Internet skills. Coupled with their high level of privacy concerns, this can dissuade them from fully engaging in a variety of Internet uses. As older adults overcome their limited Internet skills by asking others to perform online activities on their behalf, a practice known as use-by-proxy, it is likely that this is also a strategy for dealing with Internet privacy concerns. Therefore, we examine how Internet skills, along with Internet privacy concerns and perceived privacy control, influence their Internet uses and use-by-proxy. To this end, we develop an integrative conceptual model and test it with structural equation modelling using data collected in November 2021 from a nationwide sample of 460 Internet users aged 65+ in Slovenia.

Internet privacy has been proposed as a new dimension of the digital divide. Although Internet privacy relates to all segments of the population, older Internet users are particularly vulnerable because they generally have lower Internet skills. Coupled with their high level of privacy concerns, this can dissuade them from fully engaging in a variety of Internet uses. As older adults overcome their limited Internet skills by asking others to perform online activities on their behalf, a practice known as use-by-proxy, it is likely that this is also a strategy for dealing with Internet privacy concerns. Therefore, we examine how Internet skills, along with Internet privacy concerns and perceived privacy control, influence their Internet uses and use-by-proxy. To this end, we develop an integrative conceptual model and test it with structural equation modelling using data collected in November 2021 from a nationwide sample of 460 Internet users aged 65+ in Slovenia. Bibliografija: str. 17-20. Abstract.

Background: Self‐efficacy (SE) can be used to explain informal caregivers’ ability to cope with the challenges of caregiving. Although SE impacts informal caregivers’ subjective well‐being, its effects have not yet been studied from the perspective of telecare use. This study aimed to explore informal caregivers’ perceptions of and associations between SE and subjective well‐being when using different telecare functionalities. Methods: A four‐month intervention study using a qualitative research design was conducted. In‐depth interviews were conducted with 22 informal caregivers of older people who tested one of two telecare devices in their homes. Results: Five task‐specific dimensions of caregiver SE were identified that were shaped by telecare use: controlling upsetting thoughts about the care recipient, managing protective vigilance, obtaining support in emergency situations, managing caregiving, work, family life, and responding in a timely manner to changes in the care recipient’s daily routine. These SE dimensions were associated with caregivers’ subjective well‐being. Conclusions: Telecare use may contribute to greater caregiver SE and higher subjective well‐being. Therefore, future studies should pay more attention to these potential benefits of telecare. Additional dimensions of caregiver SE should be included in existing caregiver SE scales when examining caregiver SE related to telecare use. Nasl. z nasl. zaslona. Opis vira z dne 24. 8. 2022. Article no. 86. Bibliografija: str. 18-22. Abstract.

Assistive telecare systems (ATSs) have great potential to be beneficial for informal carers (ICs) providing long-term care to older people (OP). However, little is known about ATS acceptance among ICs. This scoping study aims to investigate various factors that influence the ICs' acceptance of ATSs over time in the pre- and post-implementation phases. A five-stage scoping study was conducted. A systematic search of five bibliographic databases (Science Direct, Scopus, CINAHL, PubMED and Proquest Social Sciences Database) was conducted in September 2020, supplemented by a round of grey literature searches. Using the established selection criteria, 37 publications published between 2000 and September 2020 were included. The data were analysed with Atlas.ti 8 using content-based analysis and a combination of deductive and inductive approaches. The results show that work on understanding acceptance of ATS only gained wider attention after 2010. Seven key factors of ATS acceptance were identified: benefits and concerns about ATS, care situation, the influence of the OP, carer characteristics, perceived need to use and social influence. Several subfactors were also found. The post-intervention acceptance factors were found to be more nuanced than the pre-implementation factors, indicating that first-hand experience with ATSs enabled study participants to provide a more tangible, extensive and in-depth overview of the various ATS acceptance factors. This scoping review is useful for ATS developers, providers, health and social care scholars and practitioners, policy makers and commissioners, all of whom seek to improve and facilitate the provision of long-term care in the community.

Assistive telecare systems (ATSs) have great potential to be beneficial for informal carers (ICs) providing long-term care to older people (OP). However, little is known about ATS acceptance among ICs. This scoping study aims to investigate various factors that influence the ICs' acceptance of ATSs over time in the pre- and post-implementation phases. A five-stage scoping study was conducted. A systematic search of five bibliographic databases (Science Direct, Scopus, CINAHL, PubMED and Proquest Social Sciences Database) was conducted in September 2020, supplemented by a round of grey literature searches. Using the established selection criteria, 37 publications published between 2000 and September 2020 were included. The data were analysed with Atlas.ti 8 using content-based analysis and a combination of deductive and inductive approaches. The results show that work on understanding acceptance of ATS only gained wider attention after 2010. Seven key factors of ATS acceptance were identified: benefits and concerns about ATS, care situation, the influence of the OP, carer characteristics, perceived need to use and social influence. Several subfactors were also found. The post-intervention acceptance factors were found to be more nuanced than the pre-implementation factors, indicating that first-hand experience with ATSs enabled study participants to provide a more tangible, extensive and in-depth overview of the various ATS acceptance factors. This scoping review is useful for ATS developers, providers, health and social care scholars and practitioners, policy makers and commissioners, all of whom seek to improve and facilitate the provision of long-term care in the community. Bibliografija: str. e1501-e1504. Abstract.

Uvod: V Evropi delež starejšega prebivalstva iz dneva v dan eksponentno narašča in predstavlja enega izmed resnih izzivov, pred katerim se je znašlo človeštvo. O staranju prebivalstva govorimo takrat, ko se delež starostnikov v populaciji povečuje. Po definiciji so starostniki osebe, ki so stare več kot 65 let. Njihov delež v Sloveniji znaša 20,9?%. Poškodbe in padci se pogosteje pojavljajo pri starostnikih. Za preprečevanje le-teh je potrebna preventiva, ki jo lahko izvajamo tudi z uporabo sodobnih digitalnih tehnologij. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je proučiti uporabo digitalnih tehnologij na področju preventive padcev starostnikov v domačem okolju, saj so padci velik gospodarski in javnozdravstveni problem, ter ugotoviti vlogo medicinske sestre pri uporabi digitalnih tehnologij za preprečevanje padcev starostnikov v domačem okolju. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela. Pregledali smo domačo in tujo literaturo, dostopno v podatkovnih bazah: CINAHL with full text in MEDLINE. Iskalni nizi v angleškem jeziku s ključnimi besedami so bili: digital technology, ict, wearable, eldery, geriatric, older adult, aged, falls prevention, preventing falls, prevent falls, reduce falls. Literaturo smo zbirali v obdobju od decembra 2020 do oktobra 2021. V omenjenih podatkovnih bazah je bilo najdenih 384 člankov. V končno analizo smo vključili 18 člankov. Rezultati: Rezultate smo razdelili na štiri področja. Prvo področje se nanaša na ugotovitve raziskav, ki so povezane s tehnologijami za spremljanje telesne aktivnosti, med njimi sta pametna ogrlica in vadba v navidezni resničnosti. Drugo področje se nanaša na pametna oblačila, kot sta pametni pas in pametni čevelj, tretje področje na prilagoditev bivalnega okolja, kamor sodita koncept pametnega doma in pametna tla, ter zadnje področje, ki se nanaša na samostojne senzorje, kjer predstavljamo nosljive senzorje, radarsko tehnologijo, sistem za odkrivanje padcev in mobilne aplikacije. Razprava in zaključek: Na voljo je ogromno digitalne tehnologije, ki lahko olajša življenje starostnikom in preprečuje padce v domačem okolju. V pregledu literature smo zaznali uporabo digitalne tehnologije tudi v slovenskem prostoru. Spoznali smo slovenski projekt, imenovan Dom IRIS in napredni sestrski klicni sistem NurseCare, ki uporabnikom ponuja več programskih rešitev. Introduction: Europe’s population is ageing rapidly and steadily on a daily basis, which poses a significant challenge for the humankind. Population ageing occurs when there is an increase in the proportion of elderly people in the population. By definition, the elderly are people over the age of 65 and their proportion in Slovenia is 20.9%. Injuries and falls occur more often among the elderly. They can be avoided by taking preventive measures, for instance, with the help of modern digital technologies. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma thesis is to examine the use of digital technology for preventing falls among the elderly in the home environment, since falls represent a major economic and public health problem, as well as to determine the role of nurses in using digital technologies for preventing falls among the elderly. Methods: A descriptive working method was used. We reviewed domestic and foreign literature, available in databases CINAHL with full text and MEDLINE. The following search strings with keywords in English were used: digital technology, ict, wearable, elderly, geriatric, older adult, aged, falls prevention, preventing falls, prevent falls, reduce falls. The literature was being collected from December 2020 until October 2021. Overall, 384 articles were reviewed in the above-mentioned databases, and 18 articles were included in the final analysis. Results: The results were divided into four areas: the first area consists of research findings related to technologies for physical activity monitoring, i.e., a smart necklace and virtual reality exercises the second area covers smart clothing, such as a smart belt and smart shoes the third area is the adaptation of the living environment, which includes the concept of a smart home and smart floors the last area focuses on stand-alone sensors, where wearable sensors, radar technology, fall detection systems and mobile applications are presented in more detail. Discussion and conclusion: A wide range of digital technologies is available to make life easier for the elderly, which prevents falls in the home environment. While reviewing the literature, we detected the use of digital technology for this purpose in Slovenia. We discovered a Slovenian project Dom IRIS and an advanced nursing call system NurseCare, which offers several software solutions for its users.