Search

Human fasciolosis is an important parasitic disease with some degree of incidence as an important zoonotic disease in Peru and other Latin American countries. Based on this problem, the purpose of the present investigation is to determine the effectiveness of educational sessions as a preventive measure on fasciolosis/cysticercosis/hydatidosis in families from the town of Yamos, district of Huacrachuco, Peru, during the year 2021. Results were collected of the 122 interviewee's knowledge on these diseases, both before and after they passed the educational sessions. The results were processed with the support of the t-Student test for paired samples for determining if there was a significant improvement in the level of knowledge. Additionally, we compared the level of knowledge with other factors, like genre and educational level. The main results obtained were the level of knowledge of the families after the educational sessions as a preventive measure, where 65 (53.28%) had a medium level and 57 (46.72%) had a high level of knowledge. No family with a low level of knowledge was found. From which it is possible to conclude the effectiveness of educational sessions as a preventive measure in the level of knowledge about fasciolosis/cysticercosis/hydatidosis in families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of the academic performance of the students is for its relevance and complexity one of the topics of more controversy in the educational investigation and special attention has been devoted to it in recent decades. The present study has the objective: to demonstrate how study habits are related to the level of academic performance in the Exploratory Research course in students of the Nursing Career of the Universidad Regional Autonoma de Los Andes, Ecuador. The habits of study, the organization of academic work, the willingness to carry out the work and the concentration in the moments of study are established as dimensions of study habits. The type of research is substantive, with a descriptive level and correlational design. The sample obtained was from the total population, that is, 84 students of the Exploratory Research course of the Nursing Career and a questionnaire was applied. Then the marks obtained by these students are analyzed according to the evaluation forms developed in the course. Statistical methods were applied as the tables of contingency and the Pearson's coefficient of contingency to evaluate the association among the variables. Among the main results, it was found that the dimension of study habits that requires the most attention is concentration in the moments of study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to propose the statistical treatment to investigate possible causes of dropout in a Higher Education Institution (HEI). The statistical method adopted outlined the student profile prone to dropout according to contingency tables that allows the use of the chi-square test to obtain the association between dropout and socioeconomic status. The results delineated the profile: male gender, 16 to 20 years old, single, not graduated from the University; satisfactory knowledge of the English language; basic computer science, employed, belongs to the family with a monthly income until 1.5 minimum salary, without interruption from private high school to University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En México, el Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social estableció en su medición de la pobreza multidimensional que el ingreso y las carencias en materia de derechos sociales representan espacios independientes. No obstante, dicho supuesto no fue sometido a una verificación estadística, y su fundamentación es más bien teórica. Las técnicas estadísticas aquí propuestas, dado el carácter categórico de las variables involucradas, apuntan a la existencia de asociación entre ambos espacios. Los resultados obtenidos también sugieren omitir la carencia del acceso a los servicios de salud, y adicionalmente se encuentran relaciones entre las variables del espacio de los derechos, lo que conduce a problemas de redundancia entre las dimensiones.

Copyright of Comunicaciones en Estadística is the property of Universidad Santo Tomas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artículo pretende proponer el uso de una función matemática para priorizar grupos a intervenir. Se presentan las propiedades matemáticas de la función denominada de priorización, asegurando inyectividad y consistencia. Se simula la aplicación de la función a un caso particular que considera 9 cursos en un establecimiento educacional, donde se debe decidir sobre cuál aplicar un plan de educación sexual. Se concluye que la Función es aplicable, aunque no es la solución al problema de decisión, si abre un camino a la objetivación de las decisiones. Permite enriquecer los diagnósticos cuantitativos y evitar la discrecionalidad de los criterios de priorización, lo que evidentemente se traduce en optimización de las intervenciones y por tanto de los recursos económicos.

Background: The present article aims to measure the extent to which the physical and recreational needs of elderly persons in the communities of Posorja and Puna are being met. Nowadays, it is known that physical activity is beneficial for the elderly, as it helps to diminish illness and all kinds of diseases. Method: The population in this study is comprised on 378 elderly persons between 65 and 90 years of age: 200 belong to the community of Posorja and 178, to the community of Puna in Guayas Province. The tools used for this research include, among others, the ADL Test (Activities of Daily Living), which evaluates the degree of self-care and mobility; the Lawton and Brody Scale, which is an appropriate instrument to evaluate the level of independence and skills; and the MMT (Mini Mental Test), which evaluates cognitive functions such as memory, language, praxis and attention. They all are essential to detecting and diagnosing Alzheimer´s disease. Results: Various statistical techniques were used to obtain the results, such as descriptive analysis, contingency tables and main components. Conclusions: The population between 65 and 90 years of age was analyzed and it accounted for 35.9% of the total population back in 2010, which means there was a variation. Nowadays, it represents 56.6% of the obtained sample. This generational group refers to the elderly, who should be favored by public policies that are intended to improve health programs, generate recreational areas, and create senior care centers. Generally, the demographic dynamics of Posorja show a structured pyramid, with an expanding population, a large amount of young people and adults who contribute to the economic dynamics and productivity of the area. The questionnaire could be adapted and contain the specifications required to suit the true dimensions of this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recursos Rurais is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nóesis: Revista de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Revista Noesis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia, Docencia y Technologia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Entre Rios and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A la luz del “Plan estratégico Colombia libre de tuberculosis 2006-2015”, se identificaron factores relevantes de tipo demográficos, ambientales y sociales; que inciden sobre las condiciones de transmisión de la tuberculosis. Los datos obtenidos del Sistema de Vigilancia de Salud Pública (SIVIGILA) de la ciudad de Bogotá, se analizaron mediante la construcción de tablas de contingencia y de la asociación de las variables cualitativas mediante la prueba chi-cuadrado; todo ello con el fin de definir un diagnóstico temprano de la tuberculosis y el inicio oportuno del tratamiento, debido a que ésta es una de las enfermedades más infecciosas en el mundo y ha resurgido especialmente en los países en vías de desarrollo. Al ser Bogotá la ciudad en Colombia que recibe el mayor número de habitantes por condiciones de desplazamiento, búsqueda de oportunidades de trabajo y mejores condiciones de vida, entre otros; se hace importante y prioritaria la atención de dicha enfermedad.AbstractIn the light of the "Strategic Plan Colombia free of Tuberculosis 2006-2015”, relevant factors were identified, such as demographic, environmental and social factors, that affect the conditions of transmission of tuberculosis. The data obtained from the Public Health Surveillance System (SIVIGILA) of Bogota city, were analyzed by the construction of contingency tables and the association of qualitative variables, using the chi-square test; in order to define an early diagnosis of tuberculosis and a timely initiation of the treatment, since this is one of the most infectious diseases in the world and has emerged, especially, in developing countries. The attention of this disease must be a high priority for Bogota city in Colombia, taking into account that it receives the greatest number of people per shift conditions, search of job opportunities and better living conditions, among others.

For square contingency tables with ordered categories, the present paper proposes a measure to represent the degree of departure from the extended quasi-symmetry (EQS) model. It is expressed by using the Cressie-Read power-divergence or Patil-Taillie diversity index. The present paper also defines the maximum departure from EQS which indicates the maximum departure from the uniformity of ratios of symmetric odds-ratios. The measure lies between 0 and 1, and it is useful for not only seeing the degree of departure from EQS in a table but also comparing it in several tables.El presente artículo propone una medida para representar el grado de alejamiento del modelo extendido cuasisimétrico (EQS, por su sigla en inglés) para tablas de contingencia con categorías ordenadas. Esta medida se expresa mediante el uso de la divergencia de potencia de Cressie-Read o el índice de diversidad Patil-Taillie. Nuestro trabajo también define el máximo alejamiento de EQS, el cual indica el alejamiento máximo de la uniformidad de razones de odds-ratios simétricos. La medida cae entre 0 y 1 y es útil no solo para determinar el grado de alejamiento de EQS en una tabla, sino también para comparar este grado de alejamiento en varias tablas.

We discuss a situation in which, once a logit model is fitted to the data in a contingency table, some factor levels are grouped. Generally, researchers reapply a logit model on the pooled data, however, this approach leads to the violation of the original distributional assumption, when the probabilities of success of the random variables of aggregation differ. In this paper we suggest an alternative procedure that operates under the unsaturated, multifactorial, binomial, logit model. Based on asymptotic theory and taking advantage of the decrease in the variance when the correct distributional assumption is made, the suggested procedure significantly improves the estimates, reduces the standard error, produces lower residuals and is less likely to reject the goodness of fit test on the model. We present the necessary theory, the results of an extensive simulation designed for this purpose, and the suggested procedure contrasted with the usual approach, through a complete numerical example.Se discute la situación en la que, una vez ajustado un modelo logit a los datos contenidos en una tabla de contingencia, se selecciona un factor cualquiera de los participantes y se agregan algunos de sus niveles. Generalmente los investigadores proceden a postular nuevamente un modelo logit sobre los datos agrupados, sin embargo, este proceder conduce a la violación del supuesto distribucional original, cuando las probabilidades de éxito de las variables aleatorias de la agregación, son disímiles. En este trabajo se sugiere un procedimiento alternativo que opera en el marco del modelo logit binomial no saturado, multifactorial. Con base en la teoría asintótica y aprovechando la disminución en la varianza cuando se postula el modelo distribucional correcto, el procedimiento sugerido mejora apreciablemente las estimaciones, reduce el error estándar, produce valores residuales más cercanos al cero y menores probabilidades de rechazo en la prueba de bondad del ajuste del modelo. Sustentan tales afirmaciones tanto los desarrollos teóricos necesarios, como los resultados de una extensa simulación diseñada al efecto. También se expone el procedimiento sugerido contrastado con el habitual, mediante un ejemplo numérico completo.

El presente trabajo se propone avanzar en la reflexión metodológica respecto a las diferentes etapas y supuestos que articulan el desarrollo de tipologías de sujetos agrarios, en tanto instrumentos de análisis social. Para ello revisamos los alcances y limitaciones de distintas estrategias metodológicas para el armado de tipologías y la construcción de tipos sociales agrarios correspondientes a la región pampeana argentina. El artículo se ocupa de explorar el uso de las denominadas tablas de contingencia y luego las denominadas técnicas multivariadas, focalizando la atención en el análisis de conglomerados. Particularmente interesa avanzar en el debate acerca de las características que asumen los sujetos agrarios pero desde la perspectiva que provee la reflexión metodológica sobre las herramientas que suelen utilizarse en el proceso de identificación y clasificación de los sujetos agrarios

En este artículo se describe un procedimiento para la estimación de parámetros fijos y aleatorios en modelos multinivel para proporciones. El procedimiento de estimación se basa en el método de los mínimos cuadrados generalizados. Una vez que se formula el modelo, se demuestra que es posible aplicar la teoría asintótica de estimación en el marco del modelo lineal general. Se elabora un algoritmo que permite calcular los estimadores propuestos. La aplicación se ilustra con un ejemplo de meta-análisis. Se concluye que el procedimiento presentado puede ser una estrategia favorable en investigaciones aplicadas.This paper describes a procedure for the estimation of fixed and random parameters in multilevel model for proportions. The estimation procedure is developed using Iterative Generalized Least Squares. Once the model is formulated, we demonstrate that it is possible to apply the asymptotic estimation theory in the framework of the general lineal model. An algorithm to calculate the proposed estimators is elaborated. We illustrate the application using an example of meta-analysis. It is concluded that the proposed procedure can be favorable strategy to do applied research.

Se discute el efecto que se produce sobre el modelo logit binario con un único factor explicativo cuando el investigador decide agrupar algunos niveles de dicho factor. Con base en la parametrización de referencia y el modelo saturado se sugiere un procedimiento que, aprovechando los cómputos de un primer ajuste logit y corrigiendo el supuesto distribucional sobre la varianza, produce estimaciones más eficientemente y con mayor precisión que las que se producen si solo se decide reiterar un ajuste logit. Una vez colocado el tema en perspectiva, se desarrollan las ecuaciones que sustentan el procedimiento sugerido, apelando a la teoría asintótica. Se ilustra mediante un ejemplo la diferencia entre el procedimiento sugerido y el habitual y, con base en una extensa simulación, se muestran tendencias sólidas a favor del primero, en la medida en que las probabilidades de éxito de la variable respuesta (Y=1), asociadas con las categorías del factor explicativo incluidas en la agrupación, sean más disímiles entre sí.We discuss the effect that is produced on the binary logit model with one explanatory factor, when the researcher decides to join some levels of the factor. Based on the reference parametrization and the saturated model a procedure is suggested, that takes advantage of the calculations of the first adjustment and corrects the distribucional supposition around the variance. As a result, it produces estimations more efficiently and with more precision, than those which take place if it is decided to repeat the usual logit fit. Once placed the topic in perspective, we develop the equations that support the suggested procedure, based on asymptotic theory. We illustrate with an example the difference between the suggested procedure and the usual one. By developing an extensive simulation, some solid trends appear in favour of the first one, especially when the probabilities of success of the response (Y=1), associated with the categories of the explanatory factor included in the group, are less similar each other.

We propose and illustrate a new graphical method to perform diagnostic analyses in two-way contingency tables. In this method, one observation is added or removed from each cell at a time, whilst the other cells are held constant, and the change in a test statistic of interest is graphically represented. The method provides a very simple way of determining how robust our model is (and hence our conclusions) to small changes introduced to the data. We illustrate via four examples, three of them from real-world applications, how this method works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Derecho UNED is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It presents an overview of the quality of education in secondary education in the department of Sucre. Its objectives are: to identify the main problems facing the territory educational and describe the situation with educational institutions regarding the area, physiographic region, day, legal ownership, municipality and areas assessed. Statistical analysis is multivariate. From the results, it was found that the quality of education in the department of Sucre is related to many factors within and outside the school that influence this categorized as lower and inferior. The levels reached are far from ideal, moreover, are highly unsatisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes an approach to social forms of household production, theoretical reflection on articulating the dimensions of interest comprising the proposed definition and identification of different subtypes farm, within the category of family farm. Also review a number of factors are considered when explaining and / or define the family nature of family production units, then move through an exercise of estimating the importance of different family subtypes. From this exercise, we will look closer to the debate on the obstacles to the development of capitalism in agriculture on the basis of the data obtained. The article is based on census data reprocessing original National Agricultural Census of 2002, on the application if the Buenos Aires de Rojas.En este artículo proponemos un abordaje de las formas sociales de producción familiar, articulando la reflexión teórica sobre las dimensiones de interés que comprenden su definición y la propuesta de identificación de distintos subtipos agrarios, dentro de la categoría de explotación familiar. Asimismo revisamos una serie de factores que suelen considerarse al momento de explicar y/o definir el carácter familiar de las unidades productivas familiares, para luego avanzar a través de un ejercicio de estimación de la importancia de los distintos subtipos familiares.A partir de este ejercicio, buscaremos acercarnos al debate sobre los obstáculos al desarrollo del capitalismo en el agro a la luz de los datos obtenidos. El artículo se basa en el reprocesamiento de los datos censales originales del Censo Agropecuario Nacional del año 2002, tomando como caso de aplicación el partido bonaerense de Rojas.

Copyright of Revista Daena: International Journal of Good Conscience is the property of Spenta University Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the light of the "Strategic Plan Colombia free of Tuberculosis 2006-2015", relevant factors were identified, such as demographic, environmental and social factors, that affect the conditions of transmission of tuberculosis. The data obtained from the Public Health Surveillance System (SIVIGILA) of Bogota city, were analyzed by the construction of contingency tables and the association of qualitative variables, using the chi-square test; in order to define an early diagnosis of tuberculosis and a timely initiation of the treatment, since this is one of the most infectious diseases in the world and has emerged, especially, in developing countries. The attention of this disease must be a high priority for Bogota city in Colombia, taking into account that it receives the greatest number of people per shift conditions, search of job opportunities and better living conditions, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mundo Agrario is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The goal of present work is to analyze the persistence of profitability in Chilean Mutual Funds through investment in capitalization instruments (variable income) for the 1996- 2006 period. The non-parametric methodology of contingency tables and contrast statistics was used. The statistical tests of Malkiel (1995); Brown and Goetzmann (1995); and Kahn and Rudd (1995) were applied to determine the significance level of the persistence phenomenon. The results show the existence of persistence of profitability in the reviewed Mutual Funds during the 2003-2004, 2004-2005, and 2005-2006 periods. Based on this, it can be concluded that the Chilean variable income Mutual Funds market for the 2003-2006 period is quite predictable, that is to say, the winner funds in one a year continue to be winners in the following year, and the loser funds in one year have the same condition in the following year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Trabajos de Estadística is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)