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This paper analyzes the strategic decision of basket choice in the National Basketball Association. Before games start, the away team chooses whether to play on offense in front of their bench in the first or second half. Based on eight regular seasons and 9,308 games, we identify the standard strategy for away teams to play on offense at their own benches in the first half. Results indicate that both home and away teams score more points when they play on offense in front of their bench. More importantly, there is a strategic advantage for the away team to play with the offense in front of the bench in the second half, deviating from the standard strategy in the league. Finally, we demonstrate that the choice of the basket for the away team can partially offset the home advantage under normal spectator conditions and entirely nullify it in ghost games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects the professional and personal experience of a novice social worker and explores the intrinsic value of team support and camaraderie in the progression of early practice. Given the considerable current issues with retention and job satisfaction in the social work profession, it is critical to understand and reflect on what are some of the factors that might enable practitioners to sustain their early careers. This paper explores both the obstacles and opportunities in enhancing teamwork in social work practice, including personal insights and experience underpinned by current literature, and research in this area. Although this is a retrospective analysis of previous experience, the themes emerging resonate with current practice. Themes that will be explored include, relationships, resilience, joint working, team meetings, team dynamics, professional identity, confidence, humour, rituals, debriefing and peer supervision. The author reflects on their initial years of social work practice experience, within a statutory child protection team in Northern Ireland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social work assessments are ubiquitous in daily practice, containing justifications for interventions and decisions. This article seeks to bring to the fore the extensive influence of the social work team in shaping the document and the resulting decisions. Assessments are not solely the work of the allocated social worker, supported person, and linked professionals; rather, they also represent collective actions involving multiple authors within the social work team. Drawing upon ethnographic data from a local authority adult social work team in Scotland between December 2019 and January 2021, this article explores the social life of the social work assessment. The findings outline the following themes: 1) team engineering; 2) the reader; 3) writing and rewriting; and 4) story building. The article builds a nuanced understanding of social work assessment work and provides new insight into the level and significance of team interactions within the assessment process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key digested message As assessments in organisations have historically mostly focused on the individual, the critical influence of team dynamics on organisational performance has been overlooked. A team, distinct from a group, achieves success through interdependent efforts towards a shared purpose. This makes trust, psychological safety, inclusion, and shared competence vital for high performance. Assessing team level drivers of performance factors can pinpoint improvement areas and deliver higher commitment, motivation and positive organisation impact. One assessment specifically designed to do this is the Team Alignment Assessment (embedded in Produgie). A case study of a fintech leadership team demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach. This underscores the importance of integrating both individual and team-level assessments to foster personal and organisational success, ultimately enhancing overall performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The collaboration between paramedics and ambulance technicians is essential to the success of emergency medical services (EMS). This article explores the dynamics of teamwork between these two roles, emphasizing the importance of clear communication, joint training, and mutual respect in delivering high-quality patient care. It examines the factors influencing team collaboration, including environmental pressures, organizational protocols, individual attitudes, and the use of technology. The article also highlights strategies for overcoming challenges, such as promoting continuous learning, leveraging data for performance improvement, and expanding interprofessional collaboration. By understanding and enhancing these dynamics, EMS organizations can optimize team performance, improve patient outcomes, and foster a resilient emergency care system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite agreement among leadership scholars that the effectiveness of a leadership style is situationally dependent, little is known about the process of effectively switching among different leadership styles as situations unexpectedly change. Organizations rely heavily on teams to quickly and accurately adapt in dynamic contexts, and we focus here on clarifying the process of adaptive leadership style transitions in teams as they cope with situations unexpectedly shifting from requiring process efficiency to requiring collective sensemaking. We review and build on pertinent literature to develop a process model depicting switching among leadership styles not as an isolated act of a team leader, but as interdependent behaviors of a leader and team members in co-constructing the adaptive switching process. We offer testable propositions derived from the model that delineate variables influencing the adaptive leadership process and team adaptive performance. Finally, we discuss future research and practical implications based on the model's exploration. Plain Language Summary: Organizations depend on teams to pivot quickly when situations unexpectedly change. In some situations, teams must be as efficient as possible; in others, teams must work together to make sense of chaos. Little is known regarding why some teams can quickly switch back and forth among these situations, while other teams stumble. In this paper, we explain how the team leader and team members of adaptive teams work together to co-construct an adaptive switching process that allows the team to accurately sense when a switch is needed and switch leadership behaviors for both leader and team members when the situation so warrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We analyze the psychological and interpersonal aspects of in vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratory operations, highlighting how human factors such as leadership style, emotional intelligence (EI), and team dynamics influence the effectiveness of IVF treatments. We also examine the role of personality dynamics in team functioning and the adverse effects of toxic behaviors on laboratory performance and morale. Methods: The manuscript comprehensively reviews contemporary literature about leadership styles, EI, and team dynamics. It also includes a detailed analysis of the ramifications of their operations within IVF laboratories. The primary emphasis resides in determining how these human factors contribute to the overall efficacy of IVF treatments and following patient outcomes. Results: The findings suggest that staff well-being is not just a concern, but a critical factor in enhancing successful IVF outcomes. Leadership styles that promote emotional intelligence and healthy team dynamics significantly improve laboratory performance. On the other hand, a toxic workplace negatively impacts staff well-being and patient outcomes. The study highlights the need for management development and EI training as vital components of successful IVF laboratory operations, reassuring the audience that these measures can lead to improved outcomes. Conclusion: This manuscript presents the case for an equitable operational framework that recognizes the value of soft skills and technical expertise in IVF laboratories. It underscores the significance of emphasizing the human element in reproductive medicine, proposing that by prioritizing empathy and delineating the contributions of the human factor, the field can achieve its maximum potential and enhance outcomes for staff members and patients. The pivotal role of future research in empirically substantiating the influence of these human factors in realizing successful IVF laboratories cannot be overstated, and we urge the academic community to participate actively in this crucial area of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nursing homes face a critical need for competent healthcare professionals to deliver high-quality care. Focusing on clinical leadership is crucial for equipping healthcare professionals with the skills necessary to manage complex care needs, collaborate effectively within multidisciplinary teams, and improve care quality in nursing homes. Developing clinical leadership fosters professional growth and enhances healthcare professionals' ability to tackle the challenges unique to the nursing home environment. However, the concept of clinical leadership in nursing homes remains poorly defined and investigated. This study aimed to explore and define influencing factors for the development of clinical leadership within healthcare professionals in nursing homes. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in Flanders, Belgium, using semi-structured focus group interviews (n = 5) with healthcare professionals (n = 41), including nurse assistants, licensed practical nurses, registered nurses, occupational therapists, recreational therapists, psychologists, and gerontologists. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, analysed and interpretated by using a thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. Results: Clinical leadership development within healthcare professionals' hinges on four pivotal themes: (1) Cultivating an empowering working environment that fosters open feedback, encourages peer learning, and champions a stimulating learning climate. (2) Nurturing a supportive leadership style in formal leaders that exemplifies role modeling, accessibility, and a coaching approach. (3) Elevating well-developed professional identity through targeted training, experience, and a talent-oriented work approach. (4) Fostering team dynamics marked by commitment, collaboration, support, and trust. Conclusions: The study's findings on the influencing factors for clinical leadership development should be actively applied in nursing homes and guide the creation of targeted training programs and leadership development initiatives. Awareness of these factors are crucial to optimise and to support the development and implementation of clinical leadership in nursing homes in an attempt to reduce the workforce shortages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social workers frequent interprofessional healthcare teams, but few studies examine the day-to-day experiences of these providers on interprofessional teams. Our study utilized semi-structured interviews with 54 medical social workers practicing on interprofessional healthcare teams. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the day-to-day functions of these social workers. The analysis resulted in three primary themes: 1) Social Workers’ Self-Perceptions of their Roles within Interprofessional Teams, 2) Social Workers Shifting Roles on Interprofessional Teams, and 3) Interprofessional Team Dynamics that Impact the Role of a Social Worker. Social workers perceived their primary roles as contributing a unique systems approach to interprofessional healthcare teams while emphasizing patient self-determination. These self-perceptions influenced their shifting roles on interprofessional healthcare teams (e.g. clinician, case manager, bridge builder). In addition to individual self-perceptions, the healthcare system infrastructure influenced social work roles. For example, social workers in outpatient settings more frequently assumed the role of a mental health practitioner compared to those in inpatient settings. Last, there was variation in interprofessional communication and workflow assignment based on the healthcare infrastructure. Future research should examine the education and training efforts of social workers and other allied health professions for interprofessional healthcare teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Nursing homes face a critical need for competent healthcare professionals to deliver high-quality care. Focusing on clinical leadership is crucial for equipping healthcare professionals with the skills necessary to manage complex care needs, collaborate effectively within multidisciplinary teams, and improve care quality in nursing homes. Developing clinical leadership fosters professional growth and enhances healthcare professionals’ ability to tackle the challenges unique to the nursing home environment. However, the concept of clinical leadership in nursing homes remains poorly defined and investigated. This study aimed to explore and define influencing factors for the development of clinical leadership within healthcare professionals in nursing homes. Methods A qualitative study was conducted in Flanders, Belgium, using semi-structured focus group interviews (n = 5) with healthcare professionals (n = 41), including nurse assistants, licensed practical nurses, registered nurses, occupational therapists, recreational therapists, psychologists, and gerontologists. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, analysed and interpretated by using a thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. Results Clinical leadership development within healthcare professionals’ hinges on four pivotal themes: (1) Cultivating an empowering working environment that fosters open feedback, encourages peer learning, and champions a stimulating learning climate. (2) Nurturing a supportive leadership style in formal leaders that exemplifies role modeling, accessibility, and a coaching approach. (3) Elevating well-developed professional identity through targeted training, experience, and a talent-oriented work approach. (4) Fostering team dynamics marked by commitment, collaboration, support, and trust. Conclusions The study’s findings on the influencing factors for clinical leadership development should be actively applied in nursing homes and guide the creation of targeted training programs and leadership development initiatives. Awareness of these factors are crucial to optimise and to support the development and implementation of clinical leadership in nursing homes in an attempt to reduce the workforce shortages.

Innovation teams must navigate inherent tensions between different learning activities to produce high levels of performance. Yet, we know little about how teams combine these activities—notably reflexive, experimental, vicarious, and contextual learning—most effectively over time. In this article, we integrate research on teamwork episodes with insights from music theory to develop a new theoretical perspective on team dynamics, which explains how team activities can produce harmony, dissonance, or rhythm in teamwork arrangements that lead to either positive or negative effects on overall performance. We first tested our theory in a field study using longitudinal data from 102 innovation teams at a Fortune Global 500 company; then, we replicated and elaborated our theory in a study of 61 MBA project teams at an elite North American university. Results show that some learning activities can occur within the same teamwork episode to have harmonious positive effects on team performance, while other activities combine to have dissonant negative effects when occurring in the same episode. We argue that dissonant activities must be spread across teamwork episodes to help teams achieve a positive rhythm of team learning over time. Our findings contribute to theory on team dynamics, team learning, and ambidexterity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – We aimed to analyze the impact of the transition to the hybrid model of teamwork and team dynamics from the perspective of the five key challenges, i.e. communication, coordination, connection, creativity and culture. Design/methodology/approach – To achieve the stated aim, we conducted a literature review and then an exploratory qualitative study. We split the research into phases: December 2021 to January 2022 and July to August 2022. In the first phase, we conducted computer-assisted online interviews (CAWIs) with all members of the remote team and an in-depth interview with the manager. After the transition from remote to hybrid work in February 2022, we returned to the team to conduct in-depth interviews with team leaders and the manager. Findings – We identified key findings, i.e. managerial implications of differences across the 5 Cs (communication, coordination, connection, creativity and culture) noted in the functioning of the analyzed team as the team shifted from fully remote work to the hybrid work model. Research limitations/implications – We concluded that if people do not spend time together and are not impregnated with the unique culture and values of a given organization, they will not feel a connection to its distinctive ethos and may choose to leave. In the longer-term, the last challenge may be the biggest single opportunity for employees post-pandemic and concurrently the single biggest challenge that organizational leadership will need to address, given that sustainable market success depends on talent. Originality/value – The results showed that team communication, teamwork coordination, social and emotional connections among team members, nurturing of creativity, as well as of the organizational culture were of high importance to the team in the hybrid work model. Thus, we confirmed the findings of other authors. The study contributes to our understanding of the impact of the hybrid work model on teamwork and team dynamics and provides some guidance on how organizations can mitigate these, in particular through the team manager.

This study presents a methodology for predicting the duration of surgical procedures using Machine Learning (ML). The methodology incorporates a new set of predictors emphasizing the significance of surgical team dynamics and composition, including experience, familiarity, social behavior, and gender diversity. By applying ML techniques to a comprehensive dataset of over 77,000 surgeries, we achieved a 24% improvement in the mean absolute error (MAE) over a model that mimics the current approach of the decision maker. Our results also underscore the critical role of surgeon experience and team composition dynamics in enhancing prediction accuracy. These advancements can lead to more efficient operational planning and resource allocation in hospitals, potentially reducing downtime in operating rooms and improving healthcare delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Teamwork has become a central element of engineering education. However, the race‐ and gender‐based marginalization prevalent in society is also prevalent in engineering student teams. These problematic dynamics limit learning opportunities, isolate historically marginalized students, and ultimately push students away from engineering, further reinforcing the demographic imbalances in the profession. Purpose: While there are strategies to improve the experiences of marginalized students within teams, there are few tools for detecting marginalizing behaviors as they occur. The purpose of this work is to examine how peer evaluations collected as a normal part of an engineering course can be used as a window into team dynamics to reveal marginalization as it occurs. Method: We used a semester of peer evaluation data from a large engineering course in which a team project is the central assignment and peer evaluation occurs four times during the course. We designed an algorithm to identify teams where marginalization may be occurring. We then performed qualitative analyses using a sociolinguistic analysis. Results: Results show that the algorithm helps identify teams where marginalization occurs. Qualitative analyses of four illustrative cases demonstrated the stealth appearance and evolution of marginalization, providing strong evidence that hidden within language of peer evaluation are indicators of marginalization. Based on the wider dataset, we present a taxonomy (eight categories) of linguistic marginalization appearing in peer comments. Conclusion: Both peer evaluation scores and the language used in peer evaluations can reveal team inequities and may serve as a near‐real‐time mechanism to interrupt marginalization within engineering teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the transformative impact of remote work on team dynamics within contemporary organizational settings. As the global workforce undergoes a paradigm shift towards increased virtual collaboration, understanding the intricate dynamics that unfold within teams becomes imperative. The research focuses into the multidimensional implications of remote work on teamwork, communication, and overall group synergy. The investigation employs 309 samples in a systematic approach to scrutinize the challenges and opportunities presented by the advent of remote work. It addresses the evolution of team dynamics, exploring the factors influencing collaboration, cohesion, and task performance in virtual settings. The study incorporates both qualitative and quantitative methodologies to capture the nuanced experiences of individuals operating within remote teams. Key themes examined include the role of technology in shaping communication patterns, the influence of leadership on virtual teamwork, and the impact of geographical dispersion on team cohesion. Furthermore, the study scrutinizes the psychological aspects of remote collaboration, considering factors such as trust, motivation, and well-being. The findings of this research contribute to the growing body of knowledge on remote work by offering insights into the intricacies of team dynamics. Practical implications are discussed, providing organizations with valuable recommendations for optimizing virtual teamwork. As the business landscape continues to evolve, understanding the dynamics of remote teams is crucial for fostering collaboration, maintaining productivity, and ensuring the well-being of employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 2018, the International Council on Systems Engineering has promulgated a set of competencies for systems engineers. It is organized in a framework structure that describes the knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors that are important to systems engineering effectiveness. There are five "levels" of competence, that span from awareness to expert. The five categories of competencies are Professional, Core, Technical, SE Management, and Integrating. This paper focuses on culturally‐based characteristics of systems engineers relative to the Professional Competencies. It includes a discussion of culturally‐based research and conclusions regarding their implications for how to use them in selecting systems engineers, forming and developing systems teams, and making design decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale: Endotracheal intubation is the third most common bedside procedure in U.S. hospitals. In over 40% of intubations, preventable complications attributable to human factors occur. A better understanding of team dynamics during intubation may improve patient safety. Objectives: To explore team dynamics and safety-related actions during emergent endotracheal intubations in the emergency department and intensive care unit and to engage members of the care team in reflection for process improvement through a novel video-based team debriefing technique. Methods: Video-reflexive ethnography involves in situ video recording and reflexive discussions with practitioners to scrutinize behaviors and to identify opportunities for improvement. In this study, real-time intubations were recorded in the emergency department and intensive care unit at Mayo Clinic Rochester, and facilitated video-reflexive sessions were conducted with the multidisciplinary procedural teams. Themes about team dynamics and safety-related action were identified inductively from transcriptions of recorded sessions. Results: Between December 2022 and January 2023, eight video-reflexive sessions were conducted with a total of 78 participants. Multidisciplinary members included nurses (n = 23), respiratory therapists (n = 16), pharmacists (n = 7), advanced practitioners (n = 5), and physicians (n = 26). In video-reflexive discussions, major safety gaps were identified and several solutions were proposed related to the use of a multidisciplinary intubation checklist, standardized communication and team positioning, developing a culture of safety, and routinely debriefing after the procedure. Conclusions: The findings of this study may inform the development of a team supervision model for emergent endotracheal intubations. This approach could integrate key components such as a multidisciplinary intubation checklist, standardized communication and team positioning, a culture of safety, and debriefing as part of the procedure itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Systematic biases in group decision making (i.e., group biases) may result in suboptimal decisions and potentially harm patients. It is not well known how impaired group decision making in patient care may affect medical training. This study aimed to explore medical residents’ experiences and perspectives regarding impaired group decision making and the role of group biases in medical decision making. Methods This study used a qualitative approach with thematic analysis underpinned by a social constructionist epistemology. Semi-structured interviews of medical residents were conducted at a single internal medicine residency program. Residents were initially asked about their experiences with suboptimal medical decision making as a group or team. Then, questions were targeted to several group biases (groupthink, social loafing, escalation of commitment). Interviews were transcribed and transferred to a qualitative data analysis software. Thematic analysis was conducted to generate major themes within the dataset. Results Sixteen interviews with residents revealed five major themes: (1) hierarchical influence on group decision making; (2) group decision making under pressure; (3) post-call challenges in decision making; (4) interactions between teamwork and decision making; and (5) personal and cultural influences in group decision making. Subthemes were also identified for each major theme. Most residents were able to recognize groupthink in their past experiences working with medical teams. Residents perceived social loafing or escalation of commitment as less relevant for medical team decision making. Conclusions Our findings provide unique insights into the complexities of group decision making processes in teaching hospitals. Team hierarchy significantly influenced residents’ experiences with group decision making—most group decisions were attributed to consultants or senior team members, while lower ranking team members contributed less and perceived fewer opportunities to engage in group decisions. Other factors such as time constraints on decision making, perceived pressures from other staff members, and challenges associated with post-call days were identified as important barriers to optimal group decision making in patient care. Future studies may build upon these findings to enhance our understanding of medical team decision making and develop strategies to improve group decisions, ultimately leading to higher quality patient care and training.

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Introduction: Non-US international medical graduates (IMG) represent a gradually increasing portion of emergency medicine (EM) residents in the United States. Yet there are no previous studies that explore the needs of this learner population. We conducted a qualitative study to examine non-US IMGs’ perceptions of challenges they face specifically regarding team dynamics during their first year of an EM residency.Method: Nine non-US IMGs in EM from all over the US participated in anonymous, semi-structured phone interviews lasting 45-60 minutes. We then coded and analyzed the interviews to identify axes and themes using an inductive approach informed by grounded theory. Focused coding and member checking were employed.Results: Non-US IMGs’ perceptions of challenges regarding team dynamics during their first year of an EM residency coalesced into two themes: system-based challenges, such as a new power dynamic and understanding the local hospital system, and interpersonal challenges, such as establishing rapport and articulation of critical thinking.Conclusion: Non-US IMGs perceived several unique challenges regarding team dynamics during their first year of an EM residency, whether system-based or interpersonal-based. We propose solutions such as a transitional curriculum (as suggested by the participants as well) and cultural-competence training for academic leadership.

Why are there numerous cases of esports teams with superstar rosters that have failed? This question highlights that having top professional players with extraordinary individual skills may not be enough to achieve success. Since winning is a primary goal, it is crucial to understand all the variables that positively influence performance. While individual performance is critical to success as part of an esports team, team dynamics, structures, and processes also foster group functioning and performance. Thus, this research aims to conduct a systematic review of the team variables involved in the performance of esports teams. For this purpose, we conducted a literature search following the PRISMA guidelines in Science Direct, Web of Science, and PsycInfo databases since 2023. This search resulted in 371 articles, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of twenty-three scientific articles were analyzed. The results were grouped under seven main topics: 1) Organigram, 2) Stages of a team, 3) Team structure, 4) Team variables and processes, 5) Leadership, 6) Lack of experience in team integration, and 7) Holistic and integral perspective. To conclude, more research is needed to study the effect of team dynamics in esports, as well as to highlight the role of the psychologist in fostering group dynamics to improve team cohesion, coordination, motivation, performance, and synergy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Systematic biases in group decision making (i.e., group biases) may result in suboptimal decisions and potentially harm patients. It is not well known how impaired group decision making in patient care may affect medical training. This study aimed to explore medical residents' experiences and perspectives regarding impaired group decision making and the role of group biases in medical decision making. Methods: This study used a qualitative approach with thematic analysis underpinned by a social constructionist epistemology. Semi-structured interviews of medical residents were conducted at a single internal medicine residency program. Residents were initially asked about their experiences with suboptimal medical decision making as a group or team. Then, questions were targeted to several group biases (groupthink, social loafing, escalation of commitment). Interviews were transcribed and transferred to a qualitative data analysis software. Thematic analysis was conducted to generate major themes within the dataset. Results: Sixteen interviews with residents revealed five major themes: (1) hierarchical influence on group decision making; (2) group decision making under pressure; (3) post-call challenges in decision making; (4) interactions between teamwork and decision making; and (5) personal and cultural influences in group decision making. Subthemes were also identified for each major theme. Most residents were able to recognize groupthink in their past experiences working with medical teams. Residents perceived social loafing or escalation of commitment as less relevant for medical team decision making. Conclusions: Our findings provide unique insights into the complexities of group decision making processes in teaching hospitals. Team hierarchy significantly influenced residents' experiences with group decision making—most group decisions were attributed to consultants or senior team members, while lower ranking team members contributed less and perceived fewer opportunities to engage in group decisions. Other factors such as time constraints on decision making, perceived pressures from other staff members, and challenges associated with post-call days were identified as important barriers to optimal group decision making in patient care. Future studies may build upon these findings to enhance our understanding of medical team decision making and develop strategies to improve group decisions, ultimately leading to higher quality patient care and training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We review the current state-of-the-art in team cognition research, but more importantly describe the limitations of existing theories, laboratory paradigms, and measures considering the increasing complexities of modern teams and the study of team cognition. Background: Research on, and applications of, team cognition has led to theories, data, and measures over the last several decades. Method: This article is based on research questions generated in a spring 2022 seminar on team cognition at Arizona State University led by the first author. Results: Future research directions are proposed for extending the conceptualization of teams and team cognition by examining dimensions of teamness; extending laboratory paradigms to attain more realistic teaming, including nonhuman teammates; and advancing measures of team cognition in a direction such that data can be collected unobtrusively, in real time, and automatically. Conclusion: The future of team cognition is one of the new discoveries, new research paradigms, and new measures. Application: Extending the concepts of teams and team cognition can also extend the potential applications of these concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite concerted efforts, LGBTQ + inclusivity is not fostered across all sporting contexts. Interpersonal relationships with teammates and coaches are particularly significant when it comes to cultivating positive and inclusive LGBTQ + experiences within sport. Using online qualitative data collected from 741 LGBTQ + adults, this study examined how relationships with coaches, teammates and sport-related staff impacted sport experiences and participation. Participant responses were independently coded using reflexive thematic analysis. Data were used to develop a new visual model to understand different types of relationships LGBTQ + individuals experience in sport and how this impacted their sport experiences. Exclusive sport relationships were characterised by experiences of discrimination and were found to greatly influence how participants viewed sport and physical activity contexts as adults. Inert or neutral sport relationships were maintained through protective self-distancing techniques. Inclusive relationships with coaches and teammates were primarily based on acceptance and associated with viewing physical activity positively. Identity-concealment strategies and athletic ability were identified as factors that impacted LGBTQ + adults' relationships within sport. Our overall findings demonstrate how discrimination in the form of overt or subtle sexual and gender prejudice can thwart feelings of relatedness among LGBTQ + athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The globalization of software development processes and outsourcing of software development projects worldwide has led to the creation of virtual teams. These teams are fraught with challenges due to the geographical dispersion of members, differences in time zones, and different cultures. Virtual teams have become an essential aspect of software development projects. Even after many advancements in this area and the challenges posed by virtual teams, the current rate of software project success generates the need to study this area. A quantitative approach is used to study the responses provided by team members working as a part of a virtual team and involved in software projects in the Indian IT industry. The responses received were analyzed using regression analysis to propose and evaluate the proposed research model. The finding of the research indicates that virtual team attributes, such as technological augmentation, team dynamics, diversity, and strategic decision-making, have a significant impact on software project outcomes. In a Virtual team setting, the model developed during this research will serve as a valuable resource for the project leaders to comprehend the factors that influence project success and assist in implementing policies towards successful software projects. The research findings substantiate the previous research done for Virtual teams in developed countries, and the dimensions are evaluated in a completely new environment for developing countries like India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Existing research points to the role of Eurocentric epistemic values—scientific objectivity, value‐neutrality, depoliticization, and technical rationality—as a cornerstone of engineering ways of thinking, knowing, and doing. However, less is known about the role of Eurocentric epistemologies in team communication and decision making. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how dominant Eurocentric epistemologies shape individual‐ and team‐level design thinking and, by extension, students' learning in engineering design education. Method: This work draws on a critical ethnography in which I observed three focal design teams during a semester‐long design project in a cornerstone design course. Following the conclusion of the design project, I conducted semi‐structured interviews with each member of the focal teams, asking students to reflect on incidents, their thinking, and team dynamics during the individual and team design processes. Findings: At the individual level, students' concerns about adhering to Eurocentric epistemic values made them hesitant to pursue design ideas. These concerns also shaped their design thinking, communication, and decision making at the team level, leading students to withhold or not advocate for ideas. Finally, students appeared to leverage the normative supremacy of Eurocentric epistemologies in engineering rhetorically to exert influence over their team's design decisions. Conclusions: If engineering education is to create a more just and inclusive learning environment for engineering students, we must construct learning environments that allow students to draw on all their epistemic resources during the learning process. This study suggests the dominance of Eurocentric epistemologies is a barrier to that end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This comparative study investigates the effectiveness of two teaching methods, individual verbal encouragement and collective verbal encouragement, in enhancing the technical–tactical skills and mood state of obese students during handball matches. This study employs a randomized controlled design and involves 28 overweight students (50% females), age: 17.4 ± 2.08 years and BMI: 26.8 ± 1.5 for females and 27.3 ± 2.1 for males. Technical–tactical skills are assessed through performance metrics (individual evaluation proposal by Gréhaigne) such as Ball Played (BP), Conquered Ball (CB), Lost Ball (LB), Shoots/Goals, Conservation index, and defensive index, while mood states are evaluated using pre- and post-tests (BRUMS Scale). Results reveal that individual verbal encouragement significantly enhances technical–tactical skills and positively influences the mood state of overweight students compared to collective verbal encouragement. Boys in Session 1 with VEI displayed a significantly higher number of ball plays (mean difference = 0.94 standard deviations, p = 0.004) and conquered balls (mean difference = 0.78 standard deviations, p = 0.006) compared to VEC. They also had a lower number of Lost Balls (mean difference = −0.62 standard deviations, p = 0.018) and a higher shooting efficiency (Shoots/Goals ratio, mean difference = 0.67 standard deviations; p = 0.013). Similar trends were observed in Session 2, with VEI, again, demonstrating advantages. Girls exhibited analogous improvements with VEI in both sessions. Notably, these performance enhancements coincided with positive emotional changes, with VEI leading to a greater decrease in depression and fatigue scores for both boys and girls. The study highlights the importance of tailoring teaching methods to the specific needs of overweight students in the context of handball, emphasizing the effectiveness of individualized verbal encouragement for skill development and emotional well-being. These findings offer practical implications for educators and coaches involved in physical education, advocating for personalized approaches to optimize learning experiences for overweight students in sports settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an editorial titled "Fluid teams" published in Frontiers in Psychology. The editorial discusses the concept of fluid teams, which are rapidly assembled teams that address immediate problems and disband after completing the task. The article highlights the advantages and disadvantages of fluid teams and explores their application in various contexts such as healthcare, innovation teams, and the military. It also presents research topics and gaps in understanding fluid team performance. The editorial provides a comprehensive overview of the topic and offers practical recommendations based on the research presented. [Extracted from the article]

The purpose of this study is to examine experiences female collegiate athletes encountered with Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) legislation. Ten collegiate female athletes across multiple divisions and geographic regions were interviewed for this study. Participants discussed various facets of their experiences with NIL, such as team dynamics and personal branding. The results of this study suggest differences in (1) their institutional educational processes for NIL, (2) their attitudes toward NIL, (3) shifts (or lack thereof) in their team's group cohesion and leadership, and (4) their experience with forming and managing their personal brand. This study adds to the current body of literature illuminating the ways in which NIL legislation has impacted team dynamics and athlete branding, an area of research previously unexplored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In spite of the sudden onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many instructors who used team-based pedagogies shifted them online rather than suspending them entirely, but with limited time and resources. To examine the difference in team dynamics and outcomes for courses in Spring 2019 and Spring 2020 of over 1500 first-year engineering students per semester, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and random forests method were used. Results show that students reported less improvement in team-member effectiveness, lower psychological safety, and less satisfaction in the semester with the emergency transition. However, students also reported lower conflict. The most important factor predicting project grades shifted from 'Interacting with teammates' to 'Having relevant knowledge, skills, and abilities' amid the emergency shift, accompanied by a reduction in team interdependence. In spite of the collection of data during an emergency transition, the foundation of face-to-face interaction before moving to virtual cooperation represents a useful contribution to research that has focused exclusively on virtual learning circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose – This article considers how the evaluation of research teams can better account for the challenges of transdisciplinarity, including their larger team size and more diverse and permeable membership, as well as the tensions between institutional pressures on individuals to publish and team goals. Design/methodology/approach – An evaluation team was retained from 2015 to 2020 to conduct a comprehensive external evaluation of a five-year EPSCoR-funded program undertaken by a transdisciplinary research team. The formative portion of the evaluation involved monitoring the program’s developmental progress, while the summative portion tracked observable program outputs and outcomes as evidence of progress toward short- and long-term goals. The evaluation team systematically reviewed internal assessments and gathered additional data for an external assessment via periodic participation in team meetings, participant interviews and an online formative team survey (starting in Year 2). Findings – Survey participants had a better understanding of the project’s “Goals and Vision” compared to other aspects. “Work Roles,” and particularly the timeliness of decision-making, were perceived to be a “Big Problem,” specifically in regard to heavy travel by key managers/leadership. For “Communication Channels,” Year 2 tensions included differing views on the extent to which management should be collaborative versus “hierarchical.” These concerns about communication demonstrate that differences in language, culture or status impact the efficiency and working relationship of the team. “Authorship Credit/Intellectual Property” was raised most consistently each year as an area of concern. Originality/value – The study involves the use of a unique survey approach.

Ahreum Lee,1 Mastaneh Torkamani-Azar,2 Bin Zheng,3 Roman Bednarik4 1Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; 2University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; 3Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 4University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, FinlandCorrespondence: Roman Bednarik, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland, Email roman.bednarik@uef.fiPurpose: The main goals of this mixed-methods systematic review are to identify what types of intraoperative stressors for operating room personnel have been reported in collected studies and examine the characteristics of each intraoperative stressor.Methods: With a systematic literature search, we retrieved empirical studies examining intraoperative stress published between 2010 and 2020. To synthesize findings, we applied two approaches. First, a textual narrative synthesis was employed to summarize key study information of the selected studies by focusing on surgical platforms and study participants. Second, a thematic synthesis was employed to identify and characterize intraoperative stressors and their subtypes.Results: Ninety-four studies were included in the review. Regarding the surgical platforms, the selected studies mainly focused on minimally invasive surgery and few studies examined issues around robotic surgery. Most studies examined intra-operative stress from surgeons’ perspectives but rarely considered other clinical personnel such as nurses and anesthetists. Among seven identified stressors, technical factors were the most frequently examined followed by individual, operating room environmental, interpersonal, temporal, patient, and organizational factors.Conclusion: By presenting stressors as multifaceted elements affecting collaboration and interaction between multidisciplinary team members in the operating room, we discuss the potential interactions between stressors which should be further investigated to build a safe and efficient environment for operating room personnel.Keywords: intraoperative stressors, team dynamics, communication and teamwork in health care, medical devices and technologies

Group projects are expected in contemporary engineering curricula, and yet they often pose a challenge to students and instructors alike. Could making projects personally relevant help? The present study created and tested a conceptual framework regarding the impact of personal relevance on groupwork in a project-based learning (PBL) course. We examined how measures of personal relevance (PR), both at the course level (value, interest in specialisation) and specifically regarding projects (interest and investment in the project, and contribution to the project idea) relate to students' expectancy, group connectedness, team dynamics (effectiveness, conflict, satisfaction, interdependence, and cohesiveness), and perceived effort; whether PR differs based on students' gender, academic year, or time of the semester; and whether PR predicts students' project performance. Seventy-one undergraduates in a project-based computer science course at a large public US university completed surveys assessing these constructs at five timepoints during the semester. Our findings suggest PR is related to positive outcomes in PBL courses, with interest and investment predicting an increase in the project grade. Similarly, gender predicted project grade with female students having significantly higher scores overall, above and beyond other measures. We discuss implications for creating project-based courses in higher education engineering courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]