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Anticoagulants are prescribed to the flow diverter treated patients to diminish the risk of embolism in the arteries. In the present study, digital subtraction angiography images of a 49-year-old female patient with a left paraophthalmic aneurysm were used to build a numerical model to investigate the effect of an anticoagulant on hemodynamics at the aneurysm site. The Carreau-Yasuda viscosity model was utilized to define blood viscosity, and the coefficients of the viscosity model were updated based on the usage of warfarin. The five-cardiac cycle-long numerical simulations were performed, and Lagrangian coherent structures, hyperbolic time, and fluid particle analyses were also employed in the numerical models. These analyses allowed us to evaluate the formation of stagnated regions, recirculation zones, and the number of jailed particles inside the aneurysm sac following a flow diverter placement. It is realized that anticoagulant use caused blood to be less viscous, yielding a substantial amount of incoming blood flow to enter the aneurysm sac. Only 12% of the nearly 25,000 fluid particles seeded from the artery inlet have stayed inside the sac. Furthermore, the deviation between warfarin added blood and normal blood flow becomes more extensive, with every heartbeat undermining the effectiveness of patient-specific CFD models when the use of anticoagulants is overlooked in the viscosity models. This work has been supported by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) under 1001 Program, Project #: 117M491.

O Laboratório de Biomecânica do Porto (LABIOMEP-UP) é um centro de competências da Universidade do Porto dedicado ao ensino, investigação científica e tecnológica, inovação, prestação de serviços técnicos especializados e transferência de conhecimento e tecnologia em Biomecânica (humana e animal) de interesse ergonómico, clínico, desportivo ou biomimético (ex: design, animação computacional e desenvolvimento de modelos). A missão do LABIOMEP-UP é catalisar o potencial de crescimento e vantagem competitiva da Universidade do Porto em todos os domínios direta ou indiretamente relacionados com a Biomecânica, incluindo a interação com o tecido industrial e comercial.

“High-tech” provides a cachet of futuristic wonders to localities claiming cutting-edge technological research and industrial innovation. But the high-tech electronic manufacturing processes releas...

When it comes to evaluating the causal effect of public policies on corporate performance, most studies tend to focus exclusively on targeted firms, as if these firms have no relationship to the rest of the economy. Yet, public policies are highly likely to influence nontargeted firms indirectly due to the relationships they have with targeted firms. This paper aims to fill this gap by evaluating the indirect causal effect of a new French cluster-innovation policy on the financial and employment outcomes of non-targeted companies. To do so, it focuses on French Technological Research Institutes, which are science-industry collaborations based on technology platforms that bring together SMEs, large companies, universities, and public research bodies with the goal of accelerating the transfer of knowledge towards firms and generating spillovers (indirect effects) inside and outside the scheme. Based on the literature on spillover effects and agglomeration economies, it can be assumed that industry-specific spillovers tend to be spatially concentrated. By comparing a non-targeted firm located in the NUTS-3 regions within which the policy was implemented (referred to as "treated regions"), to a non-targeted firm outside of these "treated regions", using a difference-in-differences method with fixed effects applied to panel data (2008– 2016) combined with a double matching at the NUTS-3 region and firm level, we find that non-targeted firms located in the "treated regions" significantly improve their financial performance (turnover, financial autonomy) compared to control firms located in the NUTS-3 control regions. The dynamics of employment outcomes are ambiguous. A negative significant effect is observed on the proportion of managers at the beginning of the policy and a positive significant effect is noted later, at the end of the period of observation. An analysis of the dynamics of the effects indicates that performance does not improve immediately after the policy, but later in time.; Lorsqu'il s'agit d'évaluer l'effet causal des politiques publiques sur la performance des entreprises, la plupart des études ont tendance à se concentrer exclusivement sur les entreprises ciblées, comme si ces entreprises n'avaient aucune relation avec le reste de l'économie. Pourtant, il est fort probable que les politiques publiques influencent indirectement les entreprises non ciblées en raison des relations qu'elles entretiennent avec les entreprises ciblées. Cet article vise à combler cette lacune en évaluant l'effet causal indirect d'une nouvelle politique française de cluster-innovation sur les résultats financiers et d'emploi des entreprises non ciblées. Pour ce faire, il se concentre sur les Instituts de Recherche Technologique français, qui sont des collaborations science-industrie basées sur des plateformes technologiques qui rassemblent des PME, des grandes entreprises, des universités et des organismes de recherche publics dans le but d'accélérer le transfert de connaissances vers les entreprises et de générer des retombées (effets indirects) à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur du dispositif. Sur la base de la littérature sur les effets d'entraînement et les économies d'agglomération, on peut supposer que les retombées sectorielles ont tendance à être concentrées dans l'espace. En comparant une entreprise non ciblée située dans les régions NUTS-3 (départements Français) dans lesquelles la politique a été mise en œuvre (appelées "régions traitées"), à une entreprise non ciblée en dehors de ces "régions traitées", en utilisant une méthode de différence dans les différences avec effets fixes appliquée à des données de panel (2008- 2016) combinée à un double appariement au niveau de la région NUTS-3 et de l'entreprise, nous constatons que les entreprises non ciblées situées dans les "régions traitées" améliorent significativement leurs performances financières (chiffre d'affaires, autonomie financière) par rapport aux entreprises témoins situées dans les régions de contrôle NUTS-3. La dynamique des résultats en matière d'emploi est ambiguë. Un effet significatif négatif est observé sur la proportion de cadres au début de la politique et un effet significatif positif est noté plus tard, à la fin de la période d'observation. Une analyse de la dynamique des effets indique que les performances ne s'améliorent pas immédiatement après la politique, mais plus tard dans le temps.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank the Argentine National Council of Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET) and Rufford Small Grand (8204-2) for supporting the fieldwork and Project CONTAIN funded under the Latin American Biodiversity Programme, as part of the Newton Fund (NE/S011641/1) that constructed an international network among authors. S.J.E.V. thanks the postdoctoral fellowships supported by the National Science Foundation (Award 1853697) and the CONICET received during the time of this project. We are grateful to M. Ayup, PAPD of Jiangsu higher education, Nanjing Forestry University (China), and particularly to Professor Ruan Honghua, Zou Xiaoming and Qi Weilong to help with data collection and useful information. To P. Garcia-Diaz to improve the first version of this work. Particularly, we thank to three anonymous Reviewers and the Editor of DDI Dr Zhang, for their very useful suggestions and detailed revision.

El presente trabajo de investigación representa el primero de una serie de ensayos, con módulos fotovoltaicos que han sido desarrollados en el Centro de Investigaciones energéticas, medioambientales y tecnológicas (C.I.E.M.A.T.), en la ciudad de Madrid, España. Un módulo fotovoltaico (FV) viene definido eléctricamente por su curva de intensidad-voltaje (I-V). Esta curva depende básicamente de la irradiancia solar incidente. El presente estudio consistió en la medición de las curvas I-V para un módulo fotovoltaico de silicio monocristalino utilizando como herramienta el trazador de curvas I-V “PVPM 1000 CX”, donde el módulo FV se midió a varias condiciones de laboratorio, encontradas en la etapa de operación: a) manteniendo una radiación solar constante de 857 W/m2 en el módulo FV para cinco temperaturas diferentes de 38°C, 40 °C, 44,9 °C, 49,65 °C y 53,4 °C; y b) manteniendo una temperatura constante de 51,4 °C en el módulo para cuatro radiaciones solares diferentes de 857 W/m2, 596 W/m2, 727 W/m2 y 784 W/m2. Se han elaborado las curvas I-V, se ha analizado el comportamiento del módulo con las condiciones impuestas en lo que respecta a la tensión de circuito abierto (Voc) y la intensidad de corto circuito (Isc). Los resultados obtenidos de las mediciones reproducen la tradicional forma de las curvas I-V para las nueve condiciones de laboratorio, también se demuestra que en ninguno de los ensayos se ha sobrepasado los valores de condiciones estándar (Isc) y (Voc) del módulo fotovoltaico.

The development of new means for topical therapy and prevention of scar formation of moisturizing and protective action based on ectoin can be promising. The optimal form is hydrogels, because of their adhesive and plastic properties, easily distribution and remaining for a long time on the skin. The purpose of this study was the development of the composition and technological research of the gel with ectoin for the prevention of skin scars. To select the optimal gel-forming agents’ technological studies (external characteristics, drying characteristics and film quality on the skin and on model surfaces, skin moisture, pH, the active substance release, thermal and colloidal stability, rheological properties) of model samples based on gel-forming agents, used in protective and anti-scar creams carried out. The composition of polymers xanthan and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose selected, which has improved adhesion and moisturizing properties, to reduce the frequency of application and provide a prolonged effect. The optimal concentration of dimethicone to enhance the protective effect and enhance the hydrophobic effect selected. The technological characteristics of model samples of ectoin gel investigated: description, pH, thermal and colloidal stability, viscosity, microbiological purity. The results indicate that the gel has the necessary technological characteristics that determine its quality. Thus, as a result of technological research, the composition of the anti-scar ectoin gel was developed.

Purpose This study aims to present a method to carry out technological foresight exercises in university technological research and development centers (TRDCs). The results support the organizational planning process. Design/methodology/approach The authors review the literature on the frameworks of foresight. The authors propose the use of quantitative (bibliometrics) and qualitative (expert meeting, Delphi) techniques. The authors apply this method to each research topic of interest of the TRDCs. Findings The application of the method to a research topic allows us to analyze the relevant knowledge areas for the development of that topic and its global trend. For each area, the authors identify the specific lines of research with the greatest growth and relevance. Considering these lines, the authors make a diagnosis of the TRDC situation regarding how to provide knowledge to decision-makers. Research limitations/implications The paper reviews the results of the application in the Engineering Institute of the National Autonomous University of Mexico and in the research topic “Seismic risks in civil engineering.” It is necessary to adjust the application of the method in other TRDCs to the conditions of the organization and to the development achieved by the TRDCs in the analyzed research topic. Originality/value There is no detailed literature on technological foresight exercises in university TRDCs that support the planning process of the organization. The method represents a proposal to establish priority research topics and specific research lines in research institutes, particularly universities. The authors present the application in a university TRDCs in Mexico.

This paper describes a dataset consisting of 47 hyperspectral-reflectance measurements of plastic litter samples. The plastic litter samples include virgin and real samples from the Port of Antwerp. They were measured in dry conditions in the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) calibration facility, and a selection of the samples were also measured in wet conditions and submerged in a water tank at Flanders Hydraulics. The construction on top of the tank allowed us to submerge the plastics and keep sediments in suspension. The spectral measurements were performed using an Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD) FieldSpec 4 and a Spectral Evolution (SEV) spectrometer. The datasets are available on the 4TU.ResearchData open-access repository (ASD dataset: https://doi.org/10.4121/12896312.v2, Knaeps et al., 2020; SEV dataset: https://doi.org/10.4121/uuid:9ee3be54-9132-415a-aaf2-c7fbf32d2199; Garaba et al., 2020).

The metal sulfide precipitation process is a widely studied technology used to recover metals or remove pollutants from different aqueous sources. However, the conventional clarification stage used to separate the generated precipitates cannot effectively remove them from recovered solutions. Taking this into account, the current study focuses on developing a new separation method applied in metal sulfide precipitates, based on a membrane filtration process. Different operating conditions and metal concentration in the feed solution were evaluated for the separation of copper sulfide precipitates formed from synthetic cyanide solutions in ceramic microfiltration membranes. Results showed attractive values of flux and copper recovery. Flux results ranged between 0.9 L/m2s and 1.2 L/m2s for copper concentrations above 500 mg/L, and copper recoveries resulted closer to 100% at the determined optimal operating conditions (4.5 pH, 120% NaHS stoichiometric dosage, and 2 bar feed pressure). These flux values decreased up to one order of magnitude for diluted copper concentrations, due to a change of aggregation capacity of precipitates. This study has demonstrated that the membrane filtration process can be a suitable alternative for the conventional gravitational clarification, promoting better performance results in terms of equipment capacity, metal recovery, and process safety.

The dairy industry is one of the most important components of the world food system, and is undergoing dramatic change at the current time. It is highly probable that within ten years, the global dairy industry will be scarcely recognizable from its current form. So, attitudinal changes of consumers also vary in the past 2 decades. Attitude of the consumers will continuously change owing to the technological research and innovation in the dairy industry. So, this research emerged and aimed to examine the consumer attitude towards dairy products in Erode district of Tamilnadu, India. Because Erode district shows its more involvement in agriculture along with dairy products. The researcher has selected 132 consumers who have using the dairy products in different way of usage like milk, butter, butter milk, ghee, palkova, etc. The changes in their attitude would find from a structured questionnaire which consists of demographic and usage of dairy products, and their attitude on dairy products. The collected data were subdued into tables and charts with the help of MS-excel and SPSS 22.0. This research has found the results as most of the respondents were urban area consumers of dairy products, purchasing frequently Aavin products and they were using dairy products for 5 to 10 years in the study area.

Recently, cutting edge machining approaches are used extensively for answering multifarious issues in manufacturing sectors that consist of machining larger strength materials, manufacture of intricate shaped profiles, improve surface characteristics, and lower production time. In this scenario, the development of Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) is rapidly taking place. EDM is a non-conventional thermal-based machining procedure that is used for the machining of harder materials. At large, spark erosion is the main working principle performed in EDM. This meticulous review study provides based on the recently published EDM process articles where the objective is to attempt newer work material and advanced electrode that could significantly meet industrial manufacturing domain around the globe. In addition, the concluding observations turn out with defined underlines and technological research gaps making this review article useful to related academic and scientific research community with proper identification of EDM process factors, advance work materials, material electrode tools and sustainable dielectric for achieving favorable outcomes as a frontier machining technology.

Central Silk Technological Research Institute, Bangalore, India, initiated a research project, produced three types of handloom butta silk sarees with available finer variety of spun silk as warp o...

The connectivity aspect of the Internet of Things (IoT) has received most of the attention over the last years and has led to mature solutions for IoT‐connected devices. This chapter focuses on the opportunities that the provision of streams of real‐time data from a large number of IoT‐connected devices with sensing capabilities provides for monitoring, optimization, management, and intelligent service provision in modern socio‐technical systems. In such technical systems, which are often called cyber‐physical systems (CPS), real‐time computing elements and physical systems interact tightly. The chapter summarizes and analyzes the technological research and innovation (R&I) priorities in the European Union and the United States in the IoT and CPS sectors. It presents R&I themes having a large potential for EU–US collaboration. The chapter gives key recommendations for promising, concrete EU–US collaboration actions on the technology themes that were developed within the PICASSO project.

BACKGROUND: Obesity occurs due to a positive energy imbalance, leading to the expansion of adipose tissue. This phenomenon triggers a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, which is associated with comorbidities development. It is, therefore, of great interest to investigate new counteracting nutritional strategies. In this regard, polyphenol-rich Chilean native fruits, Aristotelia chilensis (Maqui) and Berberis microphylla (Calafate), and also the non-Chilean Vaccinium corymbosum (Blueberry), have been associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Maqui, Calafate, and Blueberry aqueous extracts treatments on the pathogenic response of human activated macrophages and visceral adipocytes. METHODS: THP-1 monocyte human cell line and differentiated human visceral preadipocytes were activated (with lipopolysaccharide and TNF-α, for 48 and 24 h, respectively), and treated with the aqueous extracts. Inflammation and oxidative stress markers were assessed. RESULTS: Lower NO and IL-6 secretion, and inhibited apoptosis in activated macrophages, were observed. Also, decreased gene expression of MCP-1 and secretion of IL-6, inhibited apoptosis, and increased levels of GSH in activated adipocytes were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Maqui, Calafate, and Blueberry extracts showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses in human macrophages and adipocytes.

Background and Objective This study was aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of Momordica charantia (MCh), along with a standard drug prednisolone, in a rat model of colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Methods After the induction of the experimental colitis, the animals were treated with MCh (4 g/kg/day) for 14 consecutive days by intragastric gavage. The colonic tissue expression levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CCL-17), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-23, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were determined at both mRNA and protein levels to estimate the effect of MCh. Besides, colonic specimens were analyzed histopathologically after staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Results The body weights from TNBS-instigated colitis rats were found to be significantly lower than untreated animals. Also, the IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, Il-23, TNF-α, CCL-17, and NF-kB mRNA and protein levels were increased significantly from 1.86-4.91-fold and 1.46-5.50-fold, respectively, in the TNBS-instigated colitis group as compared to the control. Both the MCh and prednisolone treatment significantly reduced the bodyweight loss. It also restored the induced colonic tissue levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α to normal levels seen in untreated animals. These results were also supported with the histochemical staining of the colonic tissues from both control and treated animals. Conclusion The presented data strongly suggests that MCh has the anti-inflammatory effect that might be modulated through vitamin D metabolism. It is the right candidate for the treatment of UC as an alternative and complementary therapeutics.

El estudio realizado corresponde al tipo de investigación tecnológica, ya que mediante la aplicación de las metodologías de diseño mecánico, se buscó mejorar el rendimiento de una trituradora de botellas tipo PET; el nivel de investigación es experimental, debido a que considerando el tipo de geometría de la cuchilla de corte, se buscó determinar aquel que proporciona mayor rendimiento de trituración. El objetivo de esta investigación fue diseñar un prototipo de trituradora cuya geometría de cuchilla de corte permita mejorar el rendimiento de trituración de botellas tipo PET. Considerando la metodología de diseño VDI 2221, se elaboró la lista de exigencias para el diseño de un prototipo de una máquina trituradora de plásticos PET y la matriz morfológica correspondiente y se obtuvo resultados cualitativos que indican que el rendimiento de trituración está en función de la geometría de la cuchilla de corte de la trituradora de botellas tipo PET. Así mismo, se utilizó el cálculo de diseño mecánico para seleccionar los componentes del prototipo de trituradora, el resultado cuantitativo de este estudio realizado requirió de las mediciones de rendimiento de trituración según el tipo de geometría las cuchillas de corte, luego mediante el análisis de la varianza (ANOVA) de un factor, se determinó que para un nivel de confianza del 95 % el tipo de geometría C (cuchilla con 3 uñas) proporciona mayor rendimiento de trituración con un valor promedio de 21.72 kg/h.

Демчишак Н.Б., Глутковський М.О. РОЗВИТОК ЦИФРОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ В УКРАЇНІ: КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ОСНОВИ, ПРІОРИТЕТИ ТА РОЛЬ ІННОВАЦІЙ Мета. Поглиблення концептуального розуміння цифрової економіки та обґрунтування пріоритетів цифровізації в Україні. Методика дослідження. У процесі дослідження використано загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи, зокрема: аналізу і синтезу ‒ для розкриття економічної суті цифровізації економіки; статистичний і графічний методи – при аналізі світових тенденцій розвитку інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій; методи індукції та дедукції, абстрактно-логічний метод ‒ при обґрунтуванні висновків за результатами дослідження. Результати дослідження. Встановлено, що цифрова економіка як новий сучасний тип (модель розвитку) економіки уже включає сутнісні характеристики інноваційної економіки та економіки знань. Аргументовано, що високотехнологічність у виробництві, інноваційний характер й модернізація секторів промисловості на основі інформаційно-комунікаційних і цифрових технологій, динаміка цифрових трансформацій для України повинні стати пріоритетним рішенням для досягнення стійкого економічного зростання та розвитку. Обґрунтовано пріоритети цифровізації в Україні. Доведено, що зростає потреба у науково-технологічних дослідженнях, формуванні певної ділової (цифрової) культури, імплементації ідей так званих розумних міст на основі розвитку територіальних громад й появи там нових ініціатив і пропозицій інноваційних рішень. Наукова новизна результатів дослідження. Поглиблено концептуальне розуміння цифрової економіки і запропоновано розглядати її як новий тип економіки, функціонування якої супроводжується переважним наданням найрізноманітніших послуг й реалізацією продуктів онлайн та застосуванням інноваційних рішень у фінансах, виробництві й соціальній сфері. Практична значущість результатів дослідження. Отримані результати дослідження повинні сприяти формуванню інституційного підґрунтя для подальшого розвитку сфери інноваційних технологій в Україні, їх впровадження у реальний сектор економіки, а також у майбутньому – побудови ефективної цифрової економіки, орієнтованої на інноваційність у виробництві продукції й наданні послуг. Ключові слова: цифрова економіка, інновації, цифрові послуги, концепція, цифровізація. Демчишак Н.Б., Глутковський Н.А. РАЗВИТИЕ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ В УКРАИНЕ: КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЕ ОСНОВЫ, ПРИОРИТЕТЫ И РОЛЬ ИННОВАЦИЙ Мета. Поглиблення концептуального понимания цифровой экономики и обоснование приоритетов цифровизации в Украине. Методика исследования. В процессе исследования использованы общенаучные и специальные методы, в частности: анализа и синтеза – для раскрытия экономической сущности цифровизации экономики; статистический и графический методы – при анализе мировых тенденций развития информационно-коммуникационных технологий; методы индукции и дедукции, абстрактно-логический метод – при обосновании выводов по результатам исследования. Результаты исследования. Установлено, что цифровая экономика новый современный тип (модель развития) экономики уже включает сущностные характеристики инновационной экономики и экономики знаний. Аргументировано, что высокотехнологичность в производстве, инновационный характер и модернизация секторов промышленности на основе информационно-коммуникационных и цифровых технологий, динамика цифровых преобразований для Украины должны стать приоритетным решением для достижения устойчивого экономического роста и развития. Обосновано приоритеты цифровизации в Украине. Доказано, что растет потребность в научно-технологических исследованиях, формировании определенной деловой (цифровой) культуры, имплементации идей так называемых умных городов на основе развития территориальных общин и появления там новых инициатив и предложений инновационных решений. Научная новизна результатов исследования. Углублено концептуальное понимание цифровой экономики и предложено рассматривать ее как новый тип экономики, функционирование которой сопровождается преимущественным предоставлением самых разнообразных услуг и реализацией продуктов онлайн и применением инновационных решений в финансах, производстве и социальной сфере. Практическая значимость результатов исследования. Полученные результаты исследования должны способствовать формированию институциональной основы для дальнейшего развития сферы инновационных технологий в Украине, их внедрение в реальный сектор экономики, а также в будущем - построения эффективной цифровой экономики, ориентированной на инновационность в производстве продукции и оказании услуг. Ключевые слова: цифровая экономика, инновации, цифровые услуги, концепция, цифровизация. Demchyshak N.B., Hlutkovskyi M.O. DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY IN UKRAINE: CONCEPTUAL BASES, PRIORITIES AND ROLE OF INNOVATIONS Purpose. The aim of the article is deepening the conceptual understanding of the digital economy and substantiation of digitalization priorities in Ukraine. Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods are used in the process of research, in particular: analysis and synthesis ‒ to reveal the economic essence of digitalization of the economy; statistical and graphic methods ‒ in the analysis of world trends in the development of information and communication technologies; methods of induction and deduction, abstract and logical method ‒ in substantiating the conclusions of the study. Findings. It is established that the digital economy as a new modern type (model of development of the economy) already includes the essential characteristics of the innovation economy and the knowledge economy. It is argued that high-tech production, innovative nature and modernization of industrial sectors based on information and communication and digital technologies, the dynamics of digital transformations for Ukraine should be a priority solution to achieve sustainable economic growth and development. The priorities of digitalization in Ukraine are substantiated. It is proved that the need for scientific and technological research, the formation of a certain business (digital) culture, the implementation of the ideas of so-called smart cities based on the development of local communities and the emergence of new initiatives and proposals for innovative solutions. Originality. The conceptual understanding of the digital economy is deepened and it is proposed to consider it as a new type of economy, the functioning of which is accompanied by the predominant provision of a variety of services and online products and innovative solutions in finance, manufacturing and social sphere. Practical value. The obtained results of the study should contribute to the formation of the institutional basis for further development of innovative technologies in Ukraine, their introduction into the real sector of the economy, as well as in the future – building an effective digital economy focused on innovation in production and services. Key words: digital economy, innovations, digital services, concept, digitalization.

To reconstruct the technological methods and technical achievements of Northern Selkup blacksmiths, the components of the Northern Selkup shaman costume, which is composed of ferrous metal, were studied using metallographic analysis methods. The materials were found in two graves in a Kikki-Akki burial ground from the XVII–XVIII centuries (Western Siberia, Taz river). It was found that the basic raw materials for production were unevenly carbonized steel and soft iron; high-carbon steel was also found in rare instances, which was most likely received by Northern Selkup blacksmiths from Russia. The iron items of the shaman costume were forged by professional blacksmiths who possessed complex technological skills and production equipment.

En este artículo de investigación científica y tecnológica se exponen resultados de dos investigaciones relacionadas con las identidades discursivas y las operaciones de construcción semiótica y discursiva de la pintura mural del Templo de Santa Bárbara de Tunja. A partir de la perspectiva teórica y metodológica de la semiótica de la Escuela de París, se analizó la relación entre los colores de las pinturas y las identidades discursivas enunciadas en los murales del templo citado. Cabe destacar que las identidades de los sujetos y colectivos culturales se proponen como signos discursivos multidimensionales, constituidos por su cognición, axiología, pasiones y sistemas semióticos, entre ellos, los cromáticos. El análisis semiótico del color en la pintura mural permitió concluir sobre la enunciación de identidades discursivas que hibridan formas de vida católicas, de origen europeo occidental, y nativas americanas. De igual manera, se coligió que las significaciones del color identificadas, que datan del siglo XVII, se mantienen hasta la actualidad en el universo cultural de ubicación del espacio de ritual religioso.

Purpose: This study conducts a systematic review of policy reforms for the evaluation of scientific and technological research (E-STR) in China’s colleges. In doing so, it identifies changes to past policies, as well as the objectives and realizability of the most recent policy reform. Design/Approach/Methods: This study systematically reviews the contexts of E-STR policy reforms in China’s colleges post 2000 using three important related policy documents from 2003, 2013, and 2020 as samples. Research findings were obtained via content analysis. Findings: Unlike previous attempts, the most recent policy reform has incorporated the lessons learned while introducing highly targeted measures and a monitoring mechanism. Such reform should accelerate the promotion of major original scientific research in China’s colleges, enhance the contribution of scientific research to socioeconomic development, and strengthen support for the cultivation of undergraduate talents. Originality/Value: Initiated in the early part of 2000, China’s latest E-STR policy reform constitutes an important turning point in the initiative to burst the research bubble and return to the essence of innovation. It will drive China’s colleges to embark on a research path that places value on original innovation and contribution to socioeconomic development.

Cementitious materials have relevant applications related to the civil construction sector, such as concretes and mortars. However much of the existing technological research favors concrete, which makes mortar a still deficient material for research. The water / cement ratio is an extensively investigated parameter for concretes, however, it is still very little studied in mortar. The Abrams, Lyse and Molinari equations, for example, are consecrated in their application in concrete, but not yet evaluated for mortars, being a scientific gap. The objective of this work was to evaluate for the first time the effect of the water / cement ratio in mortars, using three different mixtures, in proportions of [1: 1: 6], [1: 2: 9] and [1: 0: 3] for cement: lime: sand combined with two different types of Portland cements. Based on these relationships the aforementioned equations investigating mortars were characterized. Mass consistency tests as well as mechanical resistance to compression and flexion test at 14 and 28 days as well as water absorption by capillarity and by immersion together with density measured in the hardened state were performed to verify the Abrams, Lyse and Molinari laws, and their possible validation for use in mortars. The results prove that the water / cement ratio considerably affects the evaluated technological properties and that the Abrams and Lyse equations are viable for application in mortars, just as they are applied to concretes. As for the Molinari equation, it requires mathematical modification, and the fresh mortars density.

By taking the projects which are carried out in the universities in Turkey and are funded by the Scientific and Technological Research Council (TÜBİTAK) as an output, the paper tries to estimate the knowledge production function of Turkey. In the study, an OLS analysis is made with cross-section data by utilizing the datum of state universities operating in Turkey at the NUTS III level. The dependent variable of the knowledge production function that is developed by using Cobb-Douglas production function is the annual R&D fund transferred to universities by TÜBİTAK for the projects. Other variables in the analysis are the annual R&D expenditures of universities, the number of academic staff, number of postgraduate students and the existence of Technology Transfer Office and/or Technopolis. According to the analysis results there is a positive and significant relationship between R&D fund, and postgraduate students and technology transfer offices/technopolis. However, the relationship between R&D expenditures and the R&D funds transferred to the universities is found to be statistically insignificant. A negative and insignificant relationship is found when R&D funds and academic staff are estimated together, but in the models in which academic staff is decoupled, the results differ.

The aim of this study is to review the opinions of principals and teachers on TUBITAK-4006 (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) science fairs which are organized in about 10.000 schools every year in Turkey. This study is a qualitative research and it is formed with phenomenological design. The study group is determined with criterion sampling method, and it comprises 10 teachers and 10 school administrators who have participated in TUBITAK-4006 science project fairs. The data are collected with a semi-structured interview form, and the interviews are carried out face to face. The data collected have been evaluated using content analysis method. As a result of the analysis, the viewpoints of the school administrators and teachers are presented in two themes and seven categories. For the both participant groups, the themes are analysed by categorizing them as the effects on teachers, the effects on students and parents. Besides, the suggestions category is indicated under one single title. According to the findings, all the participants stated that TUBITAK-4006 science project fairs are useful if carried out considering their purposes while they cause more harm when their objectives are disregarded.

Advances in digital technologies move incredibly fast from the research stage to practical use, and they generate radical changes in the world, affecting humans in all aspects of their life. The chapter illustrates how this can have profound implications on the way technological research is developed. It also discusses the need for researchers to engage more actively in public debates with society.

The Intelligent Recognition Industry Service (IRIS) Center, which is part of National Yunlin University of Science and Technology (YunTech), Taiwan, connects industry and academia in order to develop artificial intelligence (AI) solutions for pressing challenges in industrial automation, healthcare and industrial living. Professor Chuan-Yu Chang is Director of IRIS and Distinguished Professor at the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, YunTech. IRIS has four strategic principles: its human resource strand, international strategy, industrial strategy and technology pillar. Key foci centre on advancing international collaborations, introducing intelligent recognition technology within industry, promoting the use of AI and prompting its core technologies. Via its industrial service process, which begins with the identification of an industrial requirement and flows from diagnosis and resource matching, through to the provision of a customised service and problem resolution through the implementation and upgrade of technology, IRIS offers the expertise of its academic research staff to companies with a view to solving industry problems. IRIS is a leader in R&D in Taiwan and beyond, with particular strength in intelligent recognition technology, integrating sound recognition, medical imaging, UAV image recognition and vision inspection. The Centre seeks to advance R&D in these areas in order to improve lifestyles and workflow within Taiwan and highlight IRIS's status as a powerhouse in AI research on a global stage. An example of technology being developed at IRIS is the 'Infant Crying Translator' project, in which Chang and his team are using baby cry recognition technology and have launched the world's first baby cry recognition app to help parents understand the meaning of their baby's cries.

Early childhood is a critical period for social-emotional development; during this period, the child's immediate family is the system with the greatest influence on his or her development. The parents' capacity to reflect on the children's ability to process and interact within a social environment, called parental reflective functioning (RF), is considered an important factor in protecting children from highly prevalent social-emotional difficulties and may have a strong influence on children's long-term development.To describe and analyze the relationships among parents' RF, the quality of the mother-father-child triadic interaction, and children's social-emotional difficulties.A nonexperimental, cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted. Fifty mother-father-child triads, each in a current relationship that included at least one child aged 12-36 months, were evaluated. Sociodemographic background, triadic interaction, parental RF, and social-emotional difficulties were assessed.Triadic interaction was found to have a significant effect on the child's social-emotional difficulties, explaining 9% of the variance. In addition, the mothers' RF had a significant influence on triadic interaction, explaining 19% of the variance. An exploratory finding showed that triadic interaction mediates the relationship between mothers' RF and children's social-emotional difficulties.La temprana niñez es un período crítico para el desarrollo socio-emocional; durante este período, el núcleo familiar del niño es el sistema con la mayor influencia en su desarrollo. La capacidad de los padres de reflexionar sobre la habilidad del niño de procesar e interactuar dentro del ambiente social, llamada la función reflexiva de los padres (RF), es considerada un factor importante en la protección del niño en cuanto a dificultades socio-emocionales altamente prevalentes y pudiera tener una fuerte influencia en el desarrollo del niño a largo plazo. OBJETIVO: Describir y analizar la relación entre la función reflexiva de los padres (RF), la calidad de la interacción tríadica entre mamá, papá y niño, y las dificultades socio-emocionales de los niños. MÉTODO: Se llevó a cabo un estudio no experimental, transversal y correlacional. Se evaluaron cincuenta tríadas de mamá, papá y niño, cada una de ellas en una relación presente que incluía por lo menos un niño de edad entre 12 y 36 meses. Se evaluaron el trasfondo demográfico, la interacción tríadica, la RF de los padres, así como las dificultades socio-emocionales. RESULTADOS: Se encontró que las interacciones tríadicas tenían un efecto significativo en las dificultades socio-emocionales del niño, lo cual explica el 9% de la variación. Adicionalmente, la RF de las mamás tuvo una influencia significativa en la interacción tríadica, lo cual explica el 19% de la variación. Un resultado exploratorio mostró que la interacción tríadica sirve de mediadora en la relación entre la RF de la mamá y las dificultades socio-emocionales de los niños.La petite enfance est une période critique pour le développement socio-émotionnel. Durant cette période la famille proche de l'enfant est le système ayant la plus grande influence sur son développement. La capacité des parents à réfléchir à la capacité des enfants à traiter et à interagir avec l'environnement social, appelée le fonctionnement de réflexion parentale (abrégé en anglais RF), est considérée comme étant un facteur important qui protège les enfants de difficultés socio-émotionnelles extrêmement prévalente et qui peut avoir une forte influence sur le développement long-terme des enfants. OBJECTIF: Décrire et analyser les relations entre le RF des parents, la qualité de l'interaction triadique mère-père-enfant, et les difficultés socio-émotionnelles des enfants. MÉTHODE: Une étude non-expérimentale, corrélationnelle, avec une coupe transversale a été effectuée. Cinquante triades mère-père-enfant, chacune dans la relation actuelle qui incluait au moins un enfant âgé de 12 à 36 mois, ont été évaluées. Le contexte sociodémographique, l'interaction triadique, le RF parents, et les difficultés socio-émotionnelles ont été évalués. RÉSULTATS: On a trouvé que l'interaction triadique avait un effet important sur les difficultés socio-émotionnelles de l'enfant, expliquant 9% de l’écart. De plus, le RF des mères s'est avéré avoir une influence importante sur l'interaction triadique, expliquant 19% de l’écart. Un résultat exploratoire a montré que l'interaction triadique affecte la relation entre es le RF des mères et les difficultés socio-émotionnelles des enfants.Triadische Interaktionen, elterliche Reflexionsfähigkeit und frühe sozial-emotionale Schwierigkeiten Die frühe Kindheit ist entscheidend für die sozial-emotionale Entwicklung. In dieser Zeit ist die Kernfamilie des Kindes das System mit dem größten Einfluss auf seine Entwicklung. Die Fähigkeit der Eltern zu reflektieren, inwiefern das Kind dazu in der Lage ist, ein soziales Umfeld zu verstehen und in ihm und zu interagieren, wird als elterliche Reflexionsfähigkeit (reflective functioning; RF) bezeichnet. Sie spielt eine wichtige Rolle darin, Kinder vor weit verbreiteten sozial-emotionalen Schwierigkeiten zu schützen und kann einen starken Einfluss auf ihre langfristige Entwicklung haben. ZIEL: Beschreibung und Analyse der Zusammenhänge zwischen der elterlichen RF, der Qualität der triadischen Mutter-Vater-Kind-Interaktion und der sozial-emotionalen Schwierigkeiten der Kinder. METHODE: Eine nicht experimentelle Korrelationsquerschnittsstudie wurde durchgeführt. 50 Mutter-Vater-Kind-Triaden, mit jeweils mindestens einem Kind im Alter von 12 bis 36 Monaten, wurden in die Analyse aufgenommen. Der soziodemografische Hintergrund, die triadische Interaktion, die elterliche RF und sozial-emotionale Schwierigkeiten wurden beurteilt. ERGEBNISSE: Es wurde festgestellt, dass die triadische Interaktion einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die sozial-emotionalen Schwierigkeiten des Kindes hat und 9% der Varianz aufklärt. Außerdem hatte die mütterliche RF einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die triadische Interaktion und klärte 19% der Varianz auf. Ein exploratives Ergebnis zeigte, dass die triadische Interaktion den Zusammenhang zwischen der mütterlichen RF und den sozial-emotionalen Schwierigkeiten der Kinder mediiert.三者間相互作用、親の内省機能と早期の社会・情緒的困難性 乳幼児期は、社会・情緒的発達において重要な時期である。つまりこの時期、乳幼児の直系家族が乳幼児の成長に多大なる影響をもたらすシステムなのである。社会環境内における物事の処理をしたり相互交流をしたりする乳幼児の能力を省みる親の能力−親の内省機能(RF)と呼ばれるもの−は、非常に多く見られる社会・情緒的困難性から乳幼児を防ぐための重要な要素と考えられる。そして、乳幼児の長期の発達に強い影響をもたらすであろうと考えられている。 目的: 親の内省機能、母親-父親−乳幼児の三者間相互作用、乳幼児の社会・情緒的困難性の関係性を説明し、分析する。 方法: 非実験的研究、横断研究、相関研究を実施した。少なくとも生後12ヶ月から36ヶ月の乳幼児が1人いる50組の母親-父親−乳幼児に対して査定をした。社会人口統計学の背景、三者間相互作用、親の内省機能と社会・情緒的困難性を評価した。 結果: 三者間相互作用は、乳幼児の社会・情緒的困難性に有意な影響があることが、9％の分散ということから判明した。さらに、母親の内省機能が三者相互交流に有意な影響があることが、19％の分散から判明した。探査的研究の結果は、三者相互作用は、母親の内省機能と乳幼児の社会・情緒的困難性の関係に介在することを示していた。.幼儿时期是社交情感发展的关键时期。在此期间, 儿童的直系亲属是对其发展影响最大的体系。父母反思儿童在社交环境中处理和互动水平的能力, 称为育儿反思功能 (RF)。它被认为是保护儿童免受高度普遍的社交情感困扰的重要因素, 并且可能对儿童的长期发展产生重大影响。 研究目的: 描述和分析父母的育儿反思功能、母亲-父亲-儿童三元互动、儿童社交情感障碍之间的关系。 研究方法: 开展了一项非实验性的、横断面、相关性研究。对50个母亲-父亲-儿童三元组进行了评估, 每组中至少包括一名12-36个月大的儿童。对社会人口背景、三元互动、育儿反思功能和社交情感障碍进行了评估。 研究结果: 我们发现三元互动对儿童社交情感障碍有显著影响, 解释了9%的差异。此外, 母亲反思功能对三元互动有显著影响, 解释了19%的差异。一项探索性的发现表明, 三元互动介导了母亲反思功能与儿童社交情感障碍之间的关系。.التفاعلات الثلاثية، الأداء التأملي للوالدين، والصعوبات الاجتماعية والعاطفية المبكر الملخص الطفولة المبكرة هي فترة حاسمة في النمو الاجتماعي والعاطفي؛ وخلال هذه الفترة، تكون الأسرة المباشرة للطفل هي النظام الذي له أكبر تأثير على نموه. وتعتبر قدرة الوالدين على التفكير في قدرة الأطفال على التفاعل في بيئة اجتماعية، والتي تسمى الأداء التأملي للوالدين، عاملا هاما في حماية الأطفال من الصعوبات الاجتماعية - العاطفية المنتشرة إلى حد كبير، وقد يكون لها تأثير قوي على نمو الأطفال على المدى الطويل. الهدف: وصف وتحليل العلاقات بين الوالدين، ونوعية التفاعل الثلاثي بين الأم والأب والطفل، والصعوبات الاجتماعية والعاطفية للأطفال. الطريقة: أجريت دراسة غير تجريبية ومقطعية. وتم تقييم خمسين مجموعة ثلاثية للأم والأب والطفل، كل في علاقة حالية شملت طفلاً واحداً على الأقل يتراوح عمره بين 12 و36 شهراً. وتم تقييم الخلفية الاجتماعية الديمغرافية، والتفاعل الثلاثي، والأداء التأملي الأبوي، والصعوبات الاجتماعية - العاطفية. النتائج: تبين أن التفاعل الثلاثي له تأثير كبير على الصعوبات الاجتماعية والعاطفية للطفل، مما يفسر 9٪ من التباين. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان للأداء التأملي الأمهات تأثير كبير على التفاعل الثلاثي، حيث شرح 19 في المائة من التباين. وأظهرت نتيجة استكشافية أن التفاعل الثلاثي يتوسط العلاقة بين الأداء التأملي للأمهات والصعوبات الاجتماعية والعاطفية للأطفال.

The organization and results of selection and technological research in the Federal Research Center «Nemchinovka» (Moscow oblast’), and their significance for the grain economy of Russia are considered. Information about the best varieties of grain and leguminous crops of Nemchinovka selection and the use of the latest methods and techniques for their breeding is given. Adaptive resource-saving cultivation technologies developed by scientists of Nemchinovka allow us to fully realize the high productivity potential of varieties. The successful work of Nemchinovka breeders and technologists is largely facilitated by cooperation with scientific institutions in various regions of the country and international cooperation.

Sound-producing organs generate acoustic signals that have a fundamental role in communication systems. In species exhibiting different biogeographic patterns, variations of these structures can explain a large part of interpopulation differences of their signals. Pleurodema thaul is an anuran with an extensive geographic distribution in Chile and presents an evident divergence in its acoustic signals among three genetic/bioacoustic groups (i.e. northern, central and southern). By means of classic histology and 3D-reconstructions, we study the geographic variation in the larynx of P. thaul males from these three groups. In addition, volumes of six laryngeal structures are used as predictors of acoustic characteristics of advertisement calls recorded in previous studies for the same subjects used in the current study. After removing the effect of body size, the arytenoid cartilage, dilator muscle and vocal cords show significant differences between the three bioacoustic groups. Furthermore, arytenoid cartilage and dilator muscle volumes predict some temporal parameters and also the dominant frequency of advertisement calls. Our results show important geographic variation in laryngeal morphology, which is in correspondence with acoustic, behavioural and genetic variation in this species.