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The metaverse platform, a parallel digital virtual world to our physical reality, transcends its status as a constructed digital space. It holds the potential to become a future living environment for humanity. Chinese philosophy's existential dimension, with its focus on human life experiences and the realm of existence, offers insightful perspectives on harmonizing technology with human life. This paper adopts this existential lens to explore the potential risks associated with the metaverse under the influence of capital and power. Drawing upon the Chinese traditional view of craftmanship, the paper examines the transcendent dimension and technological potential of the metaverse's"technical domain."It then investigates the possibility of transforming the metaverse from a high-tech platform into a"suitable for life"technology. Ultimately, the paper elucidates the principle of"the Golden Mean"as a guiding principle for the ethical application of the metaverse as a technology designed to enhance human well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Events Theory posits that the perception of organizational politics affects job attitudes. The purpose of this study was to answer the question: does organizational politics have a similar impact on Chinese individuals who adhere to the doctrine of the mean?. Methods: We collected survey data from 3,059 library personnel in 36 Chinese university libraries and conducted analysis using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Results: The results showed that the perception of organizational politics reduces employee work engagement. However, this impact exhibits heterogeneity. For newly recruited employees and employees aged 50 and above who are nearing retirement, the impact of organizational politics on work engagement is relatively small. Conversely, for employees aged 30-50, organizational politics has a significant negative impact. Furthermore, the doctrine of the mean moderates the impact of organizational politics on work engagement, mitigating its negative effects. Discussion: The conclusions offer new insights into enhancing employee work motivation. The library should take more measures to safeguard employee rights to enhance work motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionEvents Theory posits that the perception of organizational politics affects job attitudes. The purpose of this study was to answer the question: does organizational politics have a similar impact on Chinese individuals who adhere to the doctrine of the mean?MethodsWe collected survey data from 3,059 library personnel in 36 Chinese university libraries and conducted analysis using the Analytic Hierarchy Process.ResultsThe results showed that the perception of organizational politics reduces employee work engagement. However, this impact exhibits heterogeneity. For newly recruited employees and employees aged 50 and above who are nearing retirement, the impact of organizational politics on work engagement is relatively small. Conversely, for employees aged 30–50, organizational politics has a significant negative impact. Furthermore, the doctrine of the mean moderates the impact of organizational politics on work engagement, mitigating its negative effects.DiscussionThe conclusions offer new insights into enhancing employee work motivation. The library should take more measures to safeguard employee rights to enhance work motivation.

The Confucian doctrine of the Mean teaches that too much is as bad as too little. The Aristotelian doctrine of the Mean coincidently articulates that there can be too much or too little of nearly every human passion and action. In neoclassical economics, it is assumed that people tend to take any action at the optimal (not too much and not too little) level to maximise the net happiness from the action. This article argues that the Confucian doctrine of the Mean concurs with the optimality principle, and therefore that the optimality principle is a representation of human nature and can be understood as universal human wisdom. It follows that people can adopt both the Confucian doctrine of the Mean and the optimality principle as worldly common wisdom beyond the blunt dichotomy of spiritual orientalism and materialistic individualism. Too much emphasis on the technical differentials between the two has undermined the common wisdom embedded in them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Events Theory posits that the perception of organizational politics affects job attitudes. The purpose of this study was to answer the question: does organizational politics have a similar impact on Chinese individuals who adhere to the doctrine of the mean?, Methods: We collected survey data from 3,059 library personnel in 36 Chinese university libraries and conducted analysis using the Analytic Hierarchy Process., Results: The results showed that the perception of organizational politics reduces employee work engagement. However, this impact exhibits heterogeneity. For newly recruited employees and employees aged 50 and above who are nearing retirement, the impact of organizational politics on work engagement is relatively small. Conversely, for employees aged 30-50, organizational politics has a significant negative impact. Furthermore, the doctrine of the mean moderates the impact of organizational politics on work engagement, mitigating its negative effects., Discussion: The conclusions offer new insights into enhancing employee work motivation. The library should take more measures to safeguard employee rights to enhance work motivation., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Su and Xie.)

Environmental problems, especially in the case of water and air pollution, are the harmful result of the overconsumption of fossil fuels as well as various forms of industrial sewage water discharge. Recently, growing environmentally friendly purchasing behaviour of consumers has become regarded as an effective method for alleviating such environmental problems. Due to concerns regarding the natural environment, consumers have increasingly begun to exhibit favourable attitudes towards environmentally friendly products, and as a result, are more likely to purchase "green" products. However, green purchasing behaviour of consumers varies across different nations and cultures. This study aims to reveal how Chinese cultural values (specifically, the Doctrine of the Mean) influence green purchasing intention of Chinese consumers. As the lifestyles of consumers will be deeply affected by their cultural values, this study examines the mediating effects of the four dimensions of Chinese lifestyle have on consumers. At the same time, environmental knowledge is considered as a moderating variable in order to investigate the relationship between the Doctrine of the Mean and green purchasing intention. The study's data were collected from Chinese consumers. Empirical results reveal that such Chinese cultural values are positively associated with green purchasing intention, and that three dimensions of consumer lifestyle (namely leadership, cost consciousness and development consciousness), are all found to play mediating roles in the relationship between the Doctrine of the Mean and green purchasing intention in Chinese consumers. The moderating effects of environmental knowledge are exhibited in the influence of leadership as well as development consciousness on green purchasing intention. The study's findings have theoretical implications for understanding green purchasing intention as well as behaviour of Chinese consumers further. The study's findings also present practical implications for how to promote green purchasing intention in Chinese consumers better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A thorough understanding of the study of the Classics in the Chosŏn dynasty requires careful analysis of all of the classics. In this article, I will focus on one specific classical book, the Doctrine of the Mean. The interpretation of the Doctrine of the Mean can be divided into two main academic scholarly groups: one group deepened and developed the Neo-Confucian system of thought inherited from Zhu Xi, while the other emphasized the superior practical applications of the original Confucian philosophy and criticized the theory of Neo-Confucianism as too ideological without clear practical application. The former group emphasized two points. First, they expanded the theory of self- cultivation to include Neo-Confucianist theory concerning mind-nature. Second, proponents of this group eventually developed the Neo-Confucianist theory of mind-nature as one of the core topics in the seventeenth-century Horak debate. The second group scholars rejected Zhu Xi's authority with respect to the Doctrine of the Mean, including, for example, his thirty-three-chapter system of dividing the previously undivided text of the book. Instead, this group criticized Zhu Xi's addition of two chapters of his own to the Doctrine of the Mean, and used their own chapter system to divide the book, excluding Zhu Xi's additions. They not only criticized Zhu Xi's stance on metaphysical analysis, but also emphasized that the core of the Doctrine of the Mean should be to put the course of the Mean into practice in everyday life and human relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discussion of benevolence (ren) is a prominent theme in East Asian Confucianism. Following the assertion of Ito Jinsai (1627-1705), a Japanese Tokugawa Confucianist, that "Phonetic gloss is not orthodox," this essay surveys the elaborations of benevolence across the East Asian region and delineates the distinction between "phonetic gloss" and "meaning of words" as two major types, each of which represents a specific intellectual paradigm. In this way, a paradigm shift is observed in the development of East Asian Confucianism. In addition, this essay also lays stress on the "meaning of words" as a strategic method of exposition applied by East Asian Neo-Confucianists. Through the comparison between the Neo-Confucian Terms Explained (The Pei-hsi Tzu-i) by Chen Chun (1159-1223), one of Zhu xi's disciples, and The Meaning of Words in the Analects and Mencius by Ito Jinsai, this essay then investigates the debate over the qualification of a "orthodox gloss" between the philosophy of Zhu Xi (1130- 1200) and Jinsai as well as the consciousness of orthodoxy within this debate. In short, the overall intention of this essay aims at exposing the deep-rooted linguistic nature in humanistic discourses and testifying to the versatility and vitality among East Asian Confucianists as they strive to elevate the condition and meaning of human existence in an interacting context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhong ... is a very important philosophical concept in early Confucianism. Both the received ancient Confucian classics and the newly discovered ancient bamboo manuscripts tell us that adhering to the principle of zhong was an important charge that had been transmitted and inherited by early ancient Chinese political leaders from generation to generation. Confucius and his followers adopted the concept of zhong and further developed it into a sophisticated doctrine, which is usually called zhongdao ... (the Way of zhong) or zhongyong .... Being a polysemous word, zhong has several different but philosophically related meanings. However, for a long time, people usually understood zhong in the sense of only one of its meanings, and zhongdao or zhongyong has been commonly interpreted as "the doctrine of the mean." My argument in this paper is that a synthetic interpretation, which includes all the semantic meanings of zhong is necessary in order to acquire a deep and well-rounded comprehension of the philosophical significance of the Way of zhong. The Way of zhong features a dialectal view of the relationship between heaven and human beings, mind and materials, subjective desire and the available objective conditions, self and others, centrality and diversity, and so on. The Way of zhong has become a widely applied philosophical methodology in Confucianism, as well as a political principle and a kind of personal moral merit in early Confucian doctrines. Today, it still has relevance in contemporary Chinese social and cultural contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language expresses and embodies cultural reality. People identify themselves and others through their use of language. There is no exception for Chinese language. Chinese language represents a system of signs with its own cultural value. The present paper focuses on the interdependence between Chinese culture and language and to what extent one may constitute the other. Three aspects will be discussed: characters, words, and grammar. We may conclude that characters contribute to keeping the old traditional culture alive after the lapse of a thousand years; numerous social values are encoded in words and the grammar is intimately linked to the way that Chinese people think or look at the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the relevance and value of Confucian Ethics to contemporary Business Ethics by comparing their respective perspectives and approaches towards business activities within the modern capitalist framework, the principle of reciprocity and the concept of human virtues. Confucian Ethics provides interesting parallels with contemporary Western-oriented Business Ethics. At the same, it diverges from contemporary Business Ethics in some significant ways. Upon an examination of philosophical texts as well as empirical studies, it is argued that Confucian Ethics is able to provide some unique philosophical and intellectual perspectives in order to forge a richer understanding and analysis of the field of contemporary Business Ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]