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We establish a fluctuation theorem for an open quantum bipartite system that explicitly manifests the role played by quantum correlation. Generally quantum correlations may substantially modify the universality of classical thermodynamic relations in composite systems. Our fluctuation theorem finds a non-equilibrium parameter of genuinely quantum nature that sheds light on the emerging quantum information thermodynamics. Specifically we show that the statistics of quantum correlation fluctuation obtained in a time-reversed process can provide a useful insight into addressing work and heat in the resulting thermodynamic evolution. We illustrate these quantum thermodynamic relations by two examples of quantum correlated systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider characterizations of departure functions in Markovian queueing networks with batch movements and state-dependent routing in discrete-time and in continuous-time. For this purpose, the notion of structure-reversibility is introduced, which means that the time-reversed dynamics of a queueing network corresponds with the same type of queueing network. The notion is useful to derive a traffic equation. We also introduce a multi-source model, which means that there are different types of outside sources, to capture a wider range of applications. Characterizations of the departure functions are obtained for any routing mechanism of customers satisfying a recurrent condition. These results give a unified view to queueing network models with linear traffic equations. Furthermore, they enable us to consider new examples as well as show limited usages of this kind of queueing networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]