21 results on '"tobacco industry interference"'
Search Results
2. Bridging the gap in the implementation of the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Article 5.3 in India: Insights from an opinion poll and stakeholder consultation
- Author
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Shalini Bassi, Rupesh Mahajan, Prakash Chandra Gupta, and Monika Arora
- Subjects
article 5.3 ,framework convention on tobacco control ,india ,industry ,tobacco industry interference ,Specialties of internal medicine ,RC581-951 - Abstract
Background: Article 5.3 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) outlines a roadmap for the parties to safeguard public health policies in compliance with the national law from the influence of commercial and other vested interests of the tobacco industry. Aim: The study was conducted with the aim to identify gaps and bring existing Indian policies in compliance with Article 5.3 of FCTC. Materials and Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional opinion poll involving respondents aged >18 years (n = 164) and a panel discussion (n = 31) were conducted. Results: The majority of stakeholders expressed (strongly agree = 65% and agree = 22.6%) the need for a nationwide policy to regulate interactions between public officials and the tobacco industry. About 56.7% felt the need to expand existing protocols and codes of conduct for public officials across India. Over 84% of the participants supported incorporating specific sections to implement Article 5.3 into the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act Amendment Bill 2020. The majority of participants supported the need for guidelines for medical bodies and prohibiting tobacco companies from participating in corporate social responsibility activities. Conclusion: The Government of India should comprehensively adopt Article 5.3, in all states and union territories, adopting a whole-of-government approach in partnership with the community and civil society under the “whole-of-society” approach for effective tobacco control measures.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Advocacy counterstrategies to tobacco industry interference in policymaking: a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature
- Author
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Britta K. Matthes, Praveen Kumar, Sarah Dance, Tom Hird, Angela Carriedo Lutzenkirchen, and Anna B. Gilmore
- Subjects
Tobacco industry interference ,Civil society ,Advocacy ,Tobacco control ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background There has been remarkable tobacco control progress in many places around the globe. Tobacco industry interference (TII) has been identified as the most significant barrier to further implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). Civil society has been recognised as a key actor in countering TII. While TII has been extensively studied for several decades now, there is little research that focuses on counteractions to limit it and their effectiveness to do so. This scoping review seeks to map the peer-reviewed literature on civil society’s activities of countering TII in policymaking to identify common counterstrategies and assess their effectiveness. Methods Data sources: We searched Embase, IBSS, JSTOR, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science using the following terms: (“Tobacco industry” OR “Tobacco compan*”) AND. (“corporate political activity” OR “CPA” OR “lobbying” OR “interference”) AND (“advoca*” OR “counter*” OR “activi*”), without time or language restrictions. Study selection: Our selection criteria included peer-reviewed studies that were written in English, German, or Spanish that drew on primary data and/or legal and policy documents and reported at least one specific example of civil society members or organisations countering tobacco industry action-based strategies. Data extraction: Advocates’ counterstrategies were analysed inductively and countered industry strategies were analysed using the Policy Dystopia Model (PDM). Perceptions of effectiveness of countering attempts were analysed descriptively. Results We found five common counterstrategies among 30 included papers covering five WHO regions; 1. Exposing industry conduct and false claims; 2. Accessing decision-makers; 3. Generating and using evidence; 4. Filing a complaint or taking legal action; 5. Mobilising coalition and potential supporters. These counterstrategies were used to work against a wide range of industry strategies, which are captured by five action-based strategies described in the PDM (Coalition Management, Information Management, Direct Access and Influence, Litigation, Reputation Management). While some studies reported the outcome of the countering activities, their impact remained largely underexplored. Conclusion The review shows that peer-reviewed literature documenting how civil society actors counter TII is scarce. It suggests that advocates employ a range of strategies to counter TII in its different forms and use them flexibly. More work is needed to better understand the effects of their actions. This could stimulate discussions about, and facilitate learning from, past experiences and help to further enhance advocates’ capacity.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Advocacy counterstrategies to tobacco industry interference in policymaking: a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature.
- Author
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Matthes, Britta K., Kumar, Praveen, Dance, Sarah, Hird, Tom, Carriedo Lutzenkirchen, Angela, and Gilmore, Anna B.
- Subjects
- *
TOBACCO industry , *CORPORATE political activity , *POLICY sciences , *CIVIL society , *FALSE claims - Abstract
Background: There has been remarkable tobacco control progress in many places around the globe. Tobacco industry interference (TII) has been identified as the most significant barrier to further implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). Civil society has been recognised as a key actor in countering TII. While TII has been extensively studied for several decades now, there is little research that focuses on counteractions to limit it and their effectiveness to do so. This scoping review seeks to map the peer-reviewed literature on civil society's activities of countering TII in policymaking to identify common counterstrategies and assess their effectiveness. Methods: Data sources: We searched Embase, IBSS, JSTOR, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science using the following terms: ("Tobacco industry" OR "Tobacco compan*") AND. ("corporate political activity" OR "CPA" OR "lobbying" OR "interference") AND ("advoca*" OR "counter*" OR "activi*"), without time or language restrictions. Study selection: Our selection criteria included peer-reviewed studies that were written in English, German, or Spanish that drew on primary data and/or legal and policy documents and reported at least one specific example of civil society members or organisations countering tobacco industry action-based strategies. Data extraction: Advocates' counterstrategies were analysed inductively and countered industry strategies were analysed using the Policy Dystopia Model (PDM). Perceptions of effectiveness of countering attempts were analysed descriptively. Results: We found five common counterstrategies among 30 included papers covering five WHO regions; 1. Exposing industry conduct and false claims; 2. Accessing decision-makers; 3. Generating and using evidence; 4. Filing a complaint or taking legal action; 5. Mobilising coalition and potential supporters. These counterstrategies were used to work against a wide range of industry strategies, which are captured by five action-based strategies described in the PDM (Coalition Management, Information Management, Direct Access and Influence, Litigation, Reputation Management). While some studies reported the outcome of the countering activities, their impact remained largely underexplored. Conclusion: The review shows that peer-reviewed literature documenting how civil society actors counter TII is scarce. It suggests that advocates employ a range of strategies to counter TII in its different forms and use them flexibly. More work is needed to better understand the effects of their actions. This could stimulate discussions about, and facilitate learning from, past experiences and help to further enhance advocates' capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Tobacco industry's 'wellness' tactic: Ethical dilemma and solutions.
- Author
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Sy, Deborah
- Subjects
TOBACCO ,ENVIRONMENTAL, social, & governance factors ,DRUGS - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. The Tobacco Industry’s Interference: A Vector of the Tobacco Epidemic
- Author
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Tapera, Roy, Katlholo, Thabo, Mfolwe, Leonne, Mbongwe, Bontle, and Mhaka-Mutepfa, Magen, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Evidence on article 5.3 of FCTC (tobacco industry interference in tobacco control activities) in India- a qualitative scoping study
- Author
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Sonu Goel, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar, Madhur Verma, Parthibane Sivanantham, Bijay Nanda Naik, and Deepti Gupta
- Subjects
Tobacco industry ,Tobacco industry interference ,FCTC ,Tobacco legislations ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background The Tobacco Industry (henceforth TI) yearns to portray itself as being “socially responsible” and fights for the decision-making positions; that are it used to deter, delay or dilute tobacco control measures. There is little documented evidence of Tobacco Industry Interference (henceforth TII) from India, the scope of their interference and challenges faced by the experts for effective tobacco control. This research study seeks to cover this significant gap in the literature on the TI of India. Methods A cross-sectional qualitative research design, based upon in-depth interviews (N = 26), was used to explore the key stakeholders’ opinions regarding TII in India. The interviews used a set of questions to collect information about the participant’s roles and responsibilities in tobacco control, the nature of TII faced by the participants, means of influence by TI, barriers and challenges to tobacco control efforts. Results Most of the respondents were engaged in tobacco control, training, advocacy and awareness generation activities for 5–10 years or more. The respondents defined the TI and its scope as per their experience with the help of the power ranking methodology. Most of them perceived TI as ‘manufacturers’ while others consider them as ‘advertisers’, ‘public relation companies’, ‘wholesalers’, ‘vendors’, and ‘Government firms with TI stocks. The research team identified six significant domains: influencing the policy and administrative decisions, Interference in the implementation of tobacco control laws and activities, false propaganda and hiding the truth, manipulating front action groups (FAG), rampant tobacco advertising and promotion activities and others under which TII activities were classified. Most respondents believed that TI players were interfering in the policy decisions, implementing the tobacco control laws and activities and manipulating the FAG. A detailed taxonomic classification of the TII strategies that emerged from our analysis was linked to article 5.3 of FCTC. Conclusions The study documented a significant level of TII in different domains, with stakeholders acting at various hierarchical levels. Thus providing insight into the tactics of the TI in order to enable stakeholders to anticipate and pre-empt the kinds of alliances the TI may attempt to build; stimulating academicians and researchers to undertake in-depth analysis into various strategies and therefore underscoring the need to ensuring transparency in official interaction with the TI and its representatives.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Evidence on article 5.3 of FCTC (tobacco industry interference in tobacco control activities) in India- a qualitative scoping study.
- Author
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Goel, Sonu, Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar, Verma, Madhur, Sivanantham, Parthibane, Naik, Bijay Nanda, and Gupta, Deepti
- Subjects
- *
TOBACCO industry , *TOBACCO laws , *DECISION making , *SOCIAL responsibility - Abstract
Background: The Tobacco Industry (henceforth TI) yearns to portray itself as being "socially responsible" and fights for the decision-making positions; that are it used to deter, delay or dilute tobacco control measures. There is little documented evidence of Tobacco Industry Interference (henceforth TII) from India, the scope of their interference and challenges faced by the experts for effective tobacco control. This research study seeks to cover this significant gap in the literature on the TI of India.Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative research design, based upon in-depth interviews (N = 26), was used to explore the key stakeholders' opinions regarding TII in India. The interviews used a set of questions to collect information about the participant's roles and responsibilities in tobacco control, the nature of TII faced by the participants, means of influence by TI, barriers and challenges to tobacco control efforts.Results: Most of the respondents were engaged in tobacco control, training, advocacy and awareness generation activities for 5-10 years or more. The respondents defined the TI and its scope as per their experience with the help of the power ranking methodology. Most of them perceived TI as 'manufacturers' while others consider them as 'advertisers', 'public relation companies', 'wholesalers', 'vendors', and 'Government firms with TI stocks. The research team identified six significant domains: influencing the policy and administrative decisions, Interference in the implementation of tobacco control laws and activities, false propaganda and hiding the truth, manipulating front action groups (FAG), rampant tobacco advertising and promotion activities and others under which TII activities were classified. Most respondents believed that TI players were interfering in the policy decisions, implementing the tobacco control laws and activities and manipulating the FAG. A detailed taxonomic classification of the TII strategies that emerged from our analysis was linked to article 5.3 of FCTC.Conclusions: The study documented a significant level of TII in different domains, with stakeholders acting at various hierarchical levels. Thus providing insight into the tactics of the TI in order to enable stakeholders to anticipate and pre-empt the kinds of alliances the TI may attempt to build; stimulating academicians and researchers to undertake in-depth analysis into various strategies and therefore underscoring the need to ensuring transparency in official interaction with the TI and its representatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Tobacco Product Regulation and Tobacco Industry Interference
- Author
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Guo, Hanbing and Yang, Gonghuan, editor
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Tobacco Industry Interference Index: Implementation of the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Article 5.3 in India.
- Author
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Chugh, Aastha, Bassi, Shalini, Nazar, Gaurang P., Bhojani, Upendra, Alexander, Cyril, Lal, Pranay, Gupta, Prakash C., and Arora, Monika
- Subjects
SMOKING prevention ,TOBACCO laws ,GOVERNMENT policy -- Law & legislation ,CONFLICT of interests ,DECISION making ,FOOD industry ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,INVESTMENTS ,MANAGEMENT ,HEALTH policy ,POLICY sciences ,PRACTICAL politics ,PUBLIC health ,RESEARCH funding ,SMOKING cessation ,MANUFACTURING industries ,SOCIAL responsibility ,GOVERNMENT regulation ,ORGANIZATIONAL goals ,EVALUATION of human services programs - Abstract
In India, there has been no attempt to measure the implementation of World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Article 5.3, which provides guidelines to address tobacco industry interference (TII). This study draws on a desk review conducted to assess the frequency and severity of TIIs and the government's response, reported between January and December 2017. This study highlights that the government of India does not allow tobacco industry to participate in policy development. However, the industry interferes by collaborating with the government's allied organizations. The tobacco industry has diversified as food industry in India, and directly or indirectly supports various government programs, by investing through their corporate social responsibility schemes. In addition, there are limited legislative measures to allow transparency in adoption of Article 5.3 guidelines across the country. Hence, the findings of this study underscore an exigent need to adopt and implement Article 5.3 at the national level in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. What hinders implementation of the WHO FCTC Article 5.3? – The case of South Korea.
- Author
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Lee, Sungkyu
- Subjects
- *
TOBACCO laws , *TOBACCO products , *LOBBYING , *POLICY sciences , *PUBLIC administration , *PUBLIC health , *RESEARCH funding , *STATISTICAL sampling , *SMOKING cessation , *SOCIAL responsibility , *HUMAN services programs , *ECONOMICS ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
The aims of this study are to identify what hinders implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) Article 5.3 in Korea, and to provide suggestions for the implementation of Article 5.3. Official governmental documents on tobacco control were reviewed. We also searched news articles for data triangulation. There were three factors that hindered the implementation of Article 5.3 in Korea. Firstly, there has been legal conflict between two tobacco-related laws, one of which is designed to promote the tobacco industry. The other is designed to promote public health. Secondly, the government has had economic interests in the tobacco industry, and its lack of action to effectively regulate the tobacco industry's corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices has hindered the implementation of Article 5.3. Thirdly, the tobacco industry's lobby and active interference in the policy-making process has been a barrier. To fully implement Article 5.3, this study suggests: defusing legal conflict between tobacco-related laws; not considering tobacco industry as a stakeholder; regulating tobacco industry's CSR activities; raising awareness of tobacco industry interference; securing transparency between the government and tobacco industry; and establishing a core group or a committee under the government to implement Article 5.3. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Evidence on article 5.3 of FCTC (tobacco industry interference in tobacco control activities) in India- a qualitative scoping study
- Author
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Parthibane Sivanantham, Bijay Nanda Naik, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar, Deepti Gupta, Madhur Verma, and Sonu Goel
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,FCTC ,Smoking Prevention ,Tobacco industry ,Promotion (rank) ,Tobacco ,Humans ,Medicine ,Tobacco industry interference ,Qualitative Research ,media_common ,Tobacco legislations ,Government ,business.industry ,Tobacco control ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Public relations ,Transparency (behavior) ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Ranking ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,business ,Social responsibility ,Research Article ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Background The Tobacco Industry (henceforth TI) yearns to portray itself as being “socially responsible” and fights for the decision-making positions; that are it used to deter, delay or dilute tobacco control measures. There is little documented evidence of Tobacco Industry Interference (henceforth TII) from India, the scope of their interference and challenges faced by the experts for effective tobacco control. This research study seeks to cover this significant gap in the literature on the TI of India. Methods A cross-sectional qualitative research design, based upon in-depth interviews (N = 26), was used to explore the key stakeholders’ opinions regarding TII in India. The interviews used a set of questions to collect information about the participant’s roles and responsibilities in tobacco control, the nature of TII faced by the participants, means of influence by TI, barriers and challenges to tobacco control efforts. Results Most of the respondents were engaged in tobacco control, training, advocacy and awareness generation activities for 5–10 years or more. The respondents defined the TI and its scope as per their experience with the help of the power ranking methodology. Most of them perceived TI as ‘manufacturers’ while others consider them as ‘advertisers’, ‘public relation companies’, ‘wholesalers’, ‘vendors’, and ‘Government firms with TI stocks. The research team identified six significant domains: influencing the policy and administrative decisions, Interference in the implementation of tobacco control laws and activities, false propaganda and hiding the truth, manipulating front action groups (FAG), rampant tobacco advertising and promotion activities and others under which TII activities were classified. Most respondents believed that TI players were interfering in the policy decisions, implementing the tobacco control laws and activities and manipulating the FAG. A detailed taxonomic classification of the TII strategies that emerged from our analysis was linked to article 5.3 of FCTC. Conclusions The study documented a significant level of TII in different domains, with stakeholders acting at various hierarchical levels. Thus providing insight into the tactics of the TI in order to enable stakeholders to anticipate and pre-empt the kinds of alliances the TI may attempt to build; stimulating academicians and researchers to undertake in-depth analysis into various strategies and therefore underscoring the need to ensuring transparency in official interaction with the TI and its representatives.
- Published
- 2021
13. Social responsibility during the COVID-19 pandemic: Tobacco industry’s trojan horse in Europe
- Author
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Filippos T. Filippidis, Enkeleint A. Mechili, Cornel Radu Loghin, and Charis Girvalaki
- Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Economic growth ,Science & Technology ,Tobacco Industry monitoring letters ,Health (social science) ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Epidemiology ,business.industry ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,pandemic ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Substance Abuse ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,Trojan horse ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) ,Tobacco industry ,Europe ,Pandemic ,tobacco industry interference ,Medicine ,business ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Social responsibility - Published
- 2020
14. Social responsibility during the COVID-19 pandemic: Tobacco industry's trojan horse in Europe.
- Author
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Girvalaki, Charis, Mechili, Enkeleint A., Loghin, Cornel R., and Filippidis, Filippos T.
- Subjects
TOBACCO industry ,COVID-19 pandemic ,CORONAVIRUS diseases ,SOCIAL responsibility - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Smokefree Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean: Making Progress
- Author
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Stanton A. Glantz, Ernesto M. Sebrié, Mark J. Travers, Verónica Schoj, and Barbara McGaw
- Subjects
Economic growth ,Civil society ,Latin Americans ,WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,public policy ,Population ,Public policy ,smokefree evaluation ,lcsh:Medicine ,Legislation ,Review ,Tobacco industry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Environmental health ,Political science ,Humans ,tobacco control legislation ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,health care economics and organizations ,Framework Convention on Tobacco Control ,secondhand tobacco smoke ,education.field_of_study ,030505 public health ,Smoking ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Legislature ,3. Good health ,Latin America ,Caribbean Region ,Government Regulation ,tobacco industry interference ,Tobacco Smoke Pollution ,0305 other medical science - Abstract
We reviewed the adoption and implementation of smokefree policies in all Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) countries. Significant progress has been achieved among LAC countries since the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) was adopted in 2005. Both national and sub-national legislation have provided effective mechanisms to increase the fraction of the population protected from secondhand tobacco smoke. Civil society has actively promoted these policies and played a main role in enacting them and monitoring their enforcement. The tobacco industry, while continuing to oppose the approval and regulation of the laws at legislative and executive levels, has gone a step further by litigating against them in the Courts. As in the US and elsewhere, this litigation has failed to stop the legislation.
- Published
- 2012
16. Success Counteracting Tobacco Company Interference in Thailand: An Example of FCTC Implementation for Low- and Middle-income Countries
- Author
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Nipapun Kungskulniti, Nicholas Kojetin, Naowarut Charoenca, Jeremiah Mock, Stephen Hamann, and Sunida Preechawong
- Subjects
Economic growth ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Developing country ,lcsh:Medicine ,Smoking Prevention ,Tobacco Industry ,Article 5.3 ,World Health Organization ,Tobacco industry ,Article ,Grassroots ,Promotion (rank) ,transnational tobacco companies ,Environmental health ,policymaking ,Humans ,Enforcement ,Policy Making ,Developing Countries ,Health policy ,Framework Convention on Tobacco Control ,media_common ,Consumer Advocacy ,Health Policy ,Tobacco control ,Smoking ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Thailand ,tobacco control ,tobacco industry interference ,Health education ,Business - Abstract
Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) interfere regularly in policymaking in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control provides mechanisms and guidance for dealing with TTC interference, but many countries still face ‘how to’ challenges of implementation. For more than two decades, Thailand’s public health community has been developing a system for identifying and counteracting strategies TTCs use to derail, delay and undermine tobacco control policymaking. Consequently, Thailand has already implemented most of the FCTC guidelines for counteracting TTC interference. In this study, our aims are to describe strategies TTCs have used in Thailand to interfere in policymaking, and to examine how the public health community in Thailand has counteracted TTC interference. We analyzed information reported by three groups with a stake in tobacco control policies: Thai tobacco control advocates, TTCs, and international tobacco control experts. To identify TTC viewpoints and strategies, we also extracted information from internal tobacco industry documents. We synthesized these data and identified six core strategies TTCs use to interfere in tobacco control policymaking: (1) doing business with ‘two faces’, (2) seeking to influence people in high places, (3) ‘buying’ advocates in grassroots organizations, (4) putting up a deceptive front, (5) intimidation, and (6) undermining controls on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. We present three case examples showing where TTCs have employed multiple interference strategies simultaneously, and showing how Thai tobacco control advocates have successfully counteracted those strategies by: (1) conducting vigilant surveillance, (2) excluding tobacco companies from policymaking, (3) restricting tobacco company sales, (4) sustaining pressure, and (5) dedicating resources to the effective enforcement of regulations. Policy implications from this study are that tobacco control advocates in LMICs may be able to develop countermeasures similar to those we identified in Thailand based on FCTC guidelines to limit TTC interference.
- Published
- 2012
17. Implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in Africa: Current Status of Legislation
- Author
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Jacqueline Tumwine
- Subjects
Economic growth ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,International Cooperation ,FCTC ,lcsh:Medicine ,Legislation ,Guidelines as Topic ,World Health Organization ,Tobacco industry ,Tobacco smoke ,public smoking bans ,Convention ,Political science ,Environmental health ,Tobacco ,legislation and jurisprudence ,Humans ,Treaty ,Drug Packaging ,Framework Convention on Tobacco Control ,Marketing ,smoke-free environments ,Communication ,Tobacco control ,Smoking ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,bans on cigarette advertising and promotions ,Capacity building ,tobacco control policies/interventions ,clean-indoor air laws, public smoking bans, smoke-free environments ,Africa ,Government Regulation ,Drug and Narcotic Control ,tobacco industry interference ,clean-indoor air laws ,Tobacco Smoke Pollution ,Guideline Adherence ,Packaging and labeling ,cigarette labeling - Abstract
Objective: To describe, as of July 2011, the status of tobacco control legislation in Africa in three key areas of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC)—(1) Protection from exposure to tobacco smoke, (2) Packaging and labelling of tobacco products, and (3) Tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. Methods: Review and analysis of tobacco control legislation in Africa, media reports, journal articles, tobacco industry documents and data published in the 2011 WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic. Results: Modest progress in FCTC implementation in Africa with many countries having legislation or policies on the protection from exposure to tobacco smoke, however, only a handful of countries meet the standards of the FCTC Article 8 and its Guidelines particularly with regards to designated smoking areas. Little progress on packaging and labelling of tobacco products, with few countries having legislation meeting the minimum standards of the FCTC Article 11 and its Guidelines. Mauritius is the only African country with graphic or pictorial health warnings in place and has the largest warning labels in Africa. Slightly better progress in banning tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship has been shown by African countries, although the majority of legislation falls short of the standards of the FCTC Article 13 and its Guidelines. Despite their efforts, African countries’ FCTC implementation at national level has not matched the strong regional commitment demonstrated during the FCTC treaty negotiations. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for Africa to step up efforts to adopt and implement effective tobacco control legislation that is fully compliant with the FCTC. In order to achieve this, countries should prioritise resources for capacity building for drafting strong FCTC compliant legislation, research to inform policy and boost political will, and countering the tobacco industry which is a major obstacle to FCTC implementation in Africa.
- Published
- 2011
18. Smokefree policies in Latin America and the Caribbean: making progress.
- Author
-
Sebrié EM, Schoj V, Travers MJ, McGaw B, and Glantz SA
- Subjects
- Caribbean Region, Government Regulation, Humans, Latin America, Public Policy legislation & jurisprudence, Smoking legislation & jurisprudence, Tobacco Smoke Pollution legislation & jurisprudence
- Abstract
We reviewed the adoption and implementation of smokefree policies in all Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) countries. Significant progress has been achieved among LAC countries since the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) was adopted in 2005. Both national and sub-national legislation have provided effective mechanisms to increase the fraction of the population protected from secondhand tobacco smoke. Civil society has actively promoted these policies and played a main role in enacting them and monitoring their enforcement. The tobacco industry, while continuing to oppose the approval and regulation of the laws at legislative and executive levels, has gone a step further by litigating against them in the Courts. As in the US and elsewhere, this litigation has failed to stop the legislation.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Success counteracting tobacco company interference in Thailand: an example of FCTC implementation for low- and middle-income countries.
- Author
-
Charoenca N, Mock J, Kungskulniti N, Preechawong S, Kojetin N, and Hamann SL
- Subjects
- Consumer Advocacy, Developing Countries, Humans, Smoking legislation & jurisprudence, Thailand, World Health Organization, Health Policy, Policy Making, Smoking Prevention, Tobacco Industry
- Abstract
Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) interfere regularly in policymaking in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control provides mechanisms and guidance for dealing with TTC interference, but many countries still face 'how to' challenges of implementation. For more than two decades, Thailand's public health community has been developing a system for identifying and counteracting strategies TTCs use to derail, delay and undermine tobacco control policymaking. Consequently, Thailand has already implemented most of the FCTC guidelines for counteracting TTC interference. In this study, our aims are to describe strategies TTCs have used in Thailand to interfere in policymaking, and to examine how the public health community in Thailand has counteracted TTC interference. We analyzed information reported by three groups with a stake in tobacco control policies: Thai tobacco control advocates, TTCs, and international tobacco control experts. To identify TTC viewpoints and strategies, we also extracted information from internal tobacco industry documents. We synthesized these data and identified six core strategies TTCs use to interfere in tobacco control policymaking: (1) doing business with 'two faces', (2) seeking to influence people in high places, (3) 'buying' advocates in grassroots organizations, (4) putting up a deceptive front, (5) intimidation, and (6) undermining controls on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. We present three case examples showing where TTCs have employed multiple interference strategies simultaneously, and showing how Thai tobacco control advocates have successfully counteracted those strategies by: (1) conducting vigilant surveillance, (2) excluding tobacco companies from policymaking, (3) restricting tobacco company sales, (4) sustaining pressure, and (5) dedicating resources to the effective enforcement of regulations. Policy implications from this study are that tobacco control advocates in LMICs may be able to develop countermeasures similar to those we identified in Thailand based on FCTC guidelines to limit TTC interference.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Implementation of the framework convention on tobacco control in Africa: current status of legislation.
- Author
-
Tumwine J
- Subjects
- Africa, Drug Packaging legislation & jurisprudence, Humans, International Cooperation, Marketing legislation & jurisprudence, World Health Organization, Drug and Narcotic Control legislation & jurisprudence, Government Regulation, Guideline Adherence, Guidelines as Topic, Smoking legislation & jurisprudence, Nicotiana, Tobacco Smoke Pollution legislation & jurisprudence
- Abstract
Objective: To describe, as of July 2011, the status of tobacco control legislation in Africa in three key areas of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC)-(1) Protection from exposure to tobacco smoke, (2) Packaging and labelling of tobacco products, and (3) Tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship., Methods: Review and analysis of tobacco control legislation in Africa, media reports, journal articles, tobacco industry documents and data published in the 2011 WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic., Results: Modest progress in FCTC implementation in Africa with many countries having legislation or policies on the protection from exposure to tobacco smoke, however, only a handful of countries meet the standards of the FCTC Article 8 and its Guidelines particularly with regards to designated smoking areas. Little progress on packaging and labelling of tobacco products, with few countries having legislation meeting the minimum standards of the FCTC Article 11 and its Guidelines. Mauritius is the only African country with graphic or pictorial health warnings in place and has the largest warning labels in Africa. Slightly better progress in banning tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship has been shown by African countries, although the majority of legislation falls short of the standards of the FCTC Article 13 and its Guidelines. Despite their efforts, African countries' FCTC implementation at national level has not matched the strong regional commitment demonstrated during the FCTC treaty negotiations., Conclusion: This study highlights the need for Africa to step up efforts to adopt and implement effective tobacco control legislation that is fully compliant with the FCTC. In order to achieve this, countries should prioritise resources for capacity building for drafting strong FCTC compliant legislation, research to inform policy and boost political will, and countering the tobacco industry which is a major obstacle to FCTC implementation in Africa.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Evidence on article 5.3 of FCTC (tobacco industry interference in tobacco control activities) in India- a qualitative scoping study
- Abstract
peer-reviewed, Background: The Tobacco Industry (henceforth TI) yearns to portray itself as being “socially responsible” and fights for the decision-making positions; that are it used to deter, delay or dilute tobacco control measures. There is little documented evidence of Tobacco Industry Interference (henceforth TII) from India, the scope of their interference and challenges faced by the experts for effective tobacco control. This research study seeks to cover this significant gap in the literature on the TI of India. Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative research design, based upon in-depth interviews (N = 26), was used to explore the key stakeholders’ opinions regarding TII in India. The interviews used a set of questions to collect information about the participant’s roles and responsibilities in tobacco control, the nature of TII faced by the participants, means of influence by TI, barriers and challenges to tobacco control efforts. Results: Most of the respondents were engaged in tobacco control, training, advocacy and awareness generation activities for 5–10 years or more. The respondents defined the TI and its scope as per their experience with the help of the power ranking methodology. Most of them perceived TI as ‘manufacturers’ while others consider them as ‘advertisers’, ‘public relation companies’, ‘wholesalers’, ‘vendors’, and ‘Government firms with TI stocks. The research team identified six significant domains: influencing the policy and administrative decisions, Interference in the implementation of tobacco control laws and activities, false propaganda and hiding the truth, manipulating front action groups (FAG), rampant tobacco advertising and promotion activities and others under which TII activities were classified. Most respondents believed that TI players were interfering in the policy decisions, implementing the tobacco control laws and activities and manipulating the FAG. A detailed taxonomic classification of the TII strategies that emerged from our ana
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