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Trichophytosis (ringworm) is included in the category of dermatomycoses or superficial mycoses, being a fungal infection, produced by a microscopic fungus of the genus Trichophyton. Since in recent decades an increase in the incidence of trichophytosis has been observed in humans and susceptible animals, either with asymptomatic or symptomatic evolution, a more detailed knowledge of the important sources of transmission of this disease from animals to humans is still required, for the adoption of more effective parasitological surveillance measures for this dermatophytosis. In this sense, it is necessary to know some aspects related to the morphology, the epidemiological implications and the correct establishment of the diagnosis, but also the choice of effective therapeutic protocols to prevent, treat and combat this dermatomycosis in animals and humans. In this regard, a growing interest has been given in recent years to pets that represent a permanent risk of human contamination, but the evolution of this disease in farm animals cannot be neglected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The annual increase in the number of camels entails a parallel increase in the incidence of trichophytosis, which poses a great threat to the health and life of both this species of animals and other organisms that contact and surround them. Aim: The aim of the study was to develop and establish the quality of vaccines inactivated by ultrasonic exposure for the prevention and treatment of trichophytosis in camels, and to compare them with chemically deactivated vaccines. Methods: The peculiarity of the technology of production of these vaccines was the use of an innovative method of inactivation of fungal strains by ultrasonic waves, which allowed to achieve high positive results in theory, and was subsequently confirmed in practice by immunizing sick and healthy animals. The first tests of the obtained vaccines were conducted in laboratory conditions on experimental rabbits. Results: The results of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinations were one hundred percent positive, which made it possible to conduct further tests directly on camels of industrial farms, the expected result of which was also positively confirmed at the end of the research. Conclusion: As a result of this experiment, the effectiveness, stability, and safety of the manufactured vaccines were established, which made it possible to approve the regulatory and technical documentation and patent them as an innovative and effective development for the prevention and treatment of camel trichophytosis, which will reduce the growth of infection and further overcome the mass spread of the disease both among camels and among the surrounding organisms to which it is transmitted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The annual increase in the number of camels entails a parallel increase in the incidence of trichophytosis, which poses a great threat to the health and life of both this species of animals and other organisms that contact and surround them. Aim: The aim of the study was to develop and establish the quality of vaccines inactivated by ultrasonic exposure for the prevention and treatment of trichophytosis in camels, and to compare them with chemically deactivated vaccines. Methods: The peculiarity of the technology of production of these vaccines was the use of an innovative method of inactivation of fungal strains by ultrasonic waves, which allowed to achieve high positive results in theory, and was subsequently confirmed in practice by immunizing sick and healthy animals. The first tests of the obtained vaccines were conducted in laboratory conditions on experimental rabbits. Results: The results of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinations were one hundred percent positive, which made it possible to conduct further tests directly on camels of industrial farms, the expected result of which was also positively confirmed at the end of the research. Conclusion: As a result of this experiment, the effectiveness, stability and safety of the manufactured vaccines were established, which made it possible to approve the regulatory and technical documentation and patent them as an innovative and effective development for the prevention and treatment of camel trichophytosis, which will reduce the growth of infection and further overcome the mass spread of the disease both among camels and among the surrounding organisms to which it is transmitted. [Open Vet J 2023; 13(7.000): 864-872]

Trichophytosis (ringworm) is included in the category of dermatomycoses or superficial mycoses, being a fungal infection, produced by a microscopic fungus of the genus Trichophyton. Since in recent decades an increase in the incidence of trichophytosis has been observed in humans and susceptible animals, either with asymptomatic or symptomatic evolution, a more detailed knowledge of the important sources of transmission of this disease from animals to humans is still required, for the adoption of more effective parasitological surveillance measures for this dermatophytosis. In this sense, it is necessary to know some aspects related to the morphology, the epidemiological implications and the correct establishment of the diagnosis, but also the choice of effective therapeutic protocols to prevent, treat and combat this dermatomycosis in animals and humans. In this regard, a growing interest has been given in recent years to pets that represent a permanent risk of human contamination, but the evolution of this disease in farm animals cannot be neglected.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the Malva sylvestris L. (MS) plant on the cutaneous fungus (Trichophytosis, Ringworm) in cattle. The research was carried out on a total of 20 cattle of 6 to 20 months of different races and genders in the Ardahan region. Animals diagnosed with Trichophytosis were divided as control (n=10) and experimental (n=10) groups. No substances were used in the control group. The extract of MS was sprayed with an atomizer onto the lesions of the experimental group. Spraying was done to cover the area where the lesions were located and wet enough. The procedure was conducted twice daily (morning and evening) and for 15 days. Starting from the pre-application (0th day) until the 36th day at intervals of two days, the lesion diameters of the cattle in the control and the experimental group were measured and recorded. At the end of the monitoring period (36th day), the diameter of the lesion was enlarged (29.20±3.58 mm) in the control group and reduced (6.60±5.16 mm) in the experimental group. This difference between the lesion diameters of the control and the experimental groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). In this study, it was concluded that the MS extract applied to the bovine skin fungus inhibited the growth of lesions and reduced their size. It is thought that MS extract can be used locally in the treatment of Trichophytosis in cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I have read the paper “A Terbinafine Sensitive Trichophyton indotineae Strain in Italy: The First Clinical Case of tinea corporis and onychomycosis” by Crotti et al [...]

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In order to expand the knowledge of dermatologists, this article presents the results of a study based on the main aspects of the application of an innovative method of treatment using a mud mask "FATIDERM-M" in sick children with infiltrative-suppurative form of trichophytosis. The additional inclusion of mineralized mud mask with the background traditional therapy in sick children demonstrates a high effectiveness of the treatment (97.5%-100%) regardless of the location of the pathological process (scalp or smooth skin). This was confirmed by an earlier regression of clinical manifestations, reduction in the persistence term of mycosis infection and the time patients stay in the hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Antimicrobial peptides are polypeptides that are a component of innate immunity and exhibit antifungal activity. This study aimed to investigate serum beta-defensin-1 levels in cattle diagnosed with trichophytosis, which is a zoonotic skin disease that affects several animal species. Materials and Methods: A total of 23 young cattle, aged 2-4 months, of different breeds and sexes were selected. Of these, 16 cattle were clinically diagnosed with trichophytosis and seven were healthy. Results: The mean serum beta-defensin-1 levels of the infected animals were lower than those of control animals, yet the difference between the two groups was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: No significant alterations occurred in serum beta-defensin-1 levels of cattle with trichophytosis.

Tinea gladiatorum (TG) is a fungal skin infection that occurs among wrestlers and other contact sport athletes with a varied prevalence rate. The most common causative factor responsible as well for local outbreaks of the infection is an anthropophilic dermatophyte species—Trichophyton tonsurans (T. tonsurans). The purpose of this study was to gather current data about TG, including epidemiology, possible diagnosing methods, clinical features, treatment approaches, and potential prevention techniques. We also performed a systematic review of studies describing TG incidence. The prevalence of the disease varied from 2.4% up to 100%. That wide range of variability forces medical practitioners to update knowledge about TG and points to the fact that it still may be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Spreading awareness among athletes and trainers is one of the most important preventive steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to reveal relationship between the extensiveness of trichophytosis on the body and serum zinc levels in cattle. This study was carried out on 92 cattle with trichophytosis and 50 healthy ones. Serum zinc levels of healthy cattle were evaluated as control. The cattle with trichophytosis separated into 5 groups according to diffusiveness of the diseases. Experimental groups of this study were designed as follows; Group 1: up to 1 cm, Group 2: 1-5 cm, Group 3: 5-10 cm, Group 4: 10-20 cm and Group 5: widespread on the body. Serum zinc levels measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with flame system. In general, the mean level of Zn in trichophytosis groups (0.613±0.013 mg Zn/L) was statistically lower than healthy ones (0.900±0.017 mg Zn/L). A negative correlation was determined between the diffusiveness degree of trichophytosis and serum zinc levels (r = -0.772). Serum Zinc levels were statistically decreased from the control group to group 3. However, a stable course was observed from 3 to 5. Therefore, the value of group 3 (0.6 mgZn/L) was determined as a critical value for the cattle with trichophytosis. According to regression analysis results, it was observed that the extensiveness of the trichophytosis lesions affected the levels of serum Zn levels significantly (r2=59.6%). Consequently, serum zinc levels of cattle decreased in an inversely proportional manner to the diffusiveness degree of trichophytosis and stabilization was observed at the level of 0.6 mg Zn/L.

Copyright of Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi is the property of Veteriner Kontrol Merkez Arastirma Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Aim: Antimicrobial peptides are polypeptides that are a component of innate immunity and exhibit antifungal activity. This study aimed to investigate serum beta-defensin-1 levels in cattle diagnosed with trichophytosis, which is a zoonotic skin disease that affects several animal species. Materials and Methods: A total of 23 young cattle, aged 2-4 months, of different breeds and sexes were selected. Of these, 16 cattle were clinically diagnosed with trichophytosis and seven were healthy. Results: The mean serum beta-defensin-1 levels of the infected animals were lower than those of control animals, yet the difference between the two groups was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: No significant alterations occurred in serum beta-defensin-1 levels of cattle with trichophytosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bu çalışmada dermatofitozisli sığırlarda 25 (OH) D3 seviyelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaçla çalışmaya küçük bir işletmede yer alan ve deride dermatofitozis şüpheli lezyonların bulunduğu 10 hasta ve 6 sağlıklı sığır dahil edildi. Fungal etkenin tanısı deriden temas frotisi ve koton svap ile alınan örneklerin mikroskop altında potasyum hidroksit ve mürekkep ile muamele edilerek direkt bakısı ve morfolojik tanısı da Sabouraud dextrose agarda izolasyonu ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma sonucunda ışık mikrokobu altında yapılan direkt bakıda silindirik, hiyalin yapıda dallı hifa ve artrosporların görüntü kayıt edilirken 2 hafta süreyle 37°C’ de inkube edilen Sabouraud dekstroz agarda küçük, kompakt, bir araya toplanmış beyazdan griye değişen koloniler ve ışık mikroskobu altında Narayan boyama ile muamele edilen kolonilerin dallanmış boynuz benzeri hifalar, rat kuyruğu şeklindeki makrokonidialar ve gözyaşı şeklindeki mikrokonidiaların görülmesiyle T. verrucosum’ a ait kesin morfolojik ayrım sağlandı. Ayrıca D vitamini seviyeleri minimum-maksimum değerler açısından bakıldığında hasta grupta (11.46-41.26 ng/mL) sağlıklı kontrol grubuna göre (49.11-112.7 ng/mL) daha düşük aralıkta tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak sığırlarda dermatofitoz etkenleri arasında bulunan T. verrucosum ile enfekte olan hayvanlarda 25 (OH) D3 seviyesinin azalabileceği ve bu azalmanın derinin immun durumunu etkileyen parametrelerinde bir arada değerlendirilmesi ile yapılacak çalışmalarla desteklenmesi gerektiği düşünüldü.

Aim. The aim was to evaluate the epidemiological situation of dermatomycosis and scabies in Krasnodar region, to identify the tendencies and the development trend of the epidemiological situation, as well as the main directions of work retrospectively and in the dynamics of 2013-2017.Materials and methods. Statistical data forms №9, №34 in the last five years, which shape the incidence of contagious dermatoses in Krasnodar region, were used in the study. The morbidity rate of the population of the region is indirectly linked to macroeconomic and social objective and subjective processes in the society.Results. The analysis of the incidence of infectious skin diseases (hereinafter – ISD) shows a negative trend for scabies and major dermatomycosis, with the exception of mycosis of the feet and hands, in the studied five-year period. Structural analysis shows the ratio of sex-age categories of patients with different nosologies: the prevalence of the feet and hands mycoses in adult female patients and microsporia in male children. The link between the number of cases of contagious skin diseases and the territorial gradation of patients was considered. Conclusion. A retrospective analysis of the epidemiological situation of dermatomycosis and scabies in Krasnodar region was conducted. Gender, age and territorial aspects of contagious dermatoses, and the development trends were identified over the analyzed period. The factors contributing to the spread of contagious dermatoses were studied: climatic features of the southern region of the Russian Federation, migration flows, and socio-economic declines. The prospects of preventive work include raising public awareness and joint activities with non-medical services with an emphasis on active detection.

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This document is a comment on a research paper titled "A Terbinafine Sensitive Trichophyton indotineae Strain in Italy: The First Clinical Case of tinea corporis and onychomycosis." The author expresses interest in the paper and acknowledges the significance of the emerging pathogen T. indotineae as a global health concern. However, they raise concerns about the claim that this is the first case of onychomycosis caused by T. indotineae, as the evidence provided is not particularly suggestive of onychomycosis. The author emphasizes the importance of considering alternative causes of nail dystrophy and highlights the need to not overlook the fundamental semiotics of skin fungal infections. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose of Review: This article summarizes the main epidemiological characteristics of tinea gladiatorum, new outbreaks that have been presented over the years, and theories about their transmission, diagnosis, treatment, and prophylactic measures. Recent Findings: Despite the controversy, recent studies defined that the transmission of tinea gladiatorum is by skin-to-skin contact and through fomites. Once the infection is acquired, it is difficult to control due to its rapid dissemination to other wrestlers, so great importance has been taken to prevention. Summary: Despite dermatophytosis still being considered as one of the major public health problems in wrestlers, very little attention has been paid by the medical community. In the literature, the majority are reports of outbreaks, so the challenge would be to conduct a more conclusive study that allows us to have a broader picture of this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to comparatively assess the antidermatophyte and antioxidant activities of enilconazole, Nigella sativa (NS) and enilconazole with NS in the treatment of dermatophytosis in cattle. A total of 24 cattle with clinically established diagnosis of dermatophytosis were used in the study. Trichophyton verrucosum was isolated and identified from all of the specimens stemming from the dermatophytosis-suspected animals. The lesion areas in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were treated as follows: enilconazole (three times at 3-day intervals), NS (once a day for two weeks) and enilconazole with NS, respectively. There were significant increases (P < 0.05) in plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels and non-significant increases (P > 0.05) in creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels after treatment in Group 1 when compared with Groups 2 and 3. After treatment, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione levels increased (P < 0.05) and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels decreased (P < 0.05) in Groups 1, 2 and 3 in comparison with before treatment. However, there were significant decreases (P < 0.05) in plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels and significant increases (P < 0.05) in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione levels after treatment in Groups 2 and 3 when compared with Group 1. This study indicates that NS might have antidermatophyte and antioxidant effects in the treatment of dermatophytosis in cattle and the antidermatophyte effects of NS plus enilconazole was stronger among all groups.

Trichophytosis is one of the most common skin diseases in cattle. Trichophytosis is a transmissible infectious skin disease caused most often by Trichophyton verrucosum with spores which can remain alive for years in a dry environment. This is a zoonotic disease, as it can equally infect people and animals. The infection spreads rapidly, and this fungal disease leads to certain economic losses. Direct contact with infected animals is the most common method of spreading the infection. During this research, beef cattle aged 4 months were transported from southern Serbia to the part of Vojvodina - Mačva. One month after the transportation, the characteristic gray-white round changes occured on the skin of beef cattle. Affected animals from five individual farms did not receive any treatment, while animals from other five farms were treated with Decanol® solution. As a conclusion, application of therapy or vaccination along with a high quality diet is the best way to to suppress triphophytosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to comparatively assess the antidermatophyte and antioxidant activities of enilconazole, Nigella sativa (NS) and enilconazole with NS in the treatment of dermatophytosis in cattle. A total of 24 cattle with clinically established diagnosis of dermatophytosis were used in the study. Trichophyton verrucosum was isolated and identified from all of the specimens stemming from the dermatophytosis-suspected animals. The lesion areas in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were treated as follows: enilconazole (three times at 3-day intervals), NS (once a day for two weeks) and enilconazole with NS, respectively. There were significant increases (P < 0.05) in plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels and non-significant increases (P > 0.05) in creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels after treatment in Group 1 when compared with Groups 2 and 3. After treatment, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione levels increased (P < 0.05) and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels decreased (P < 0.05) in Groups 1, 2 and 3 in comparison with before treatment. However, there were significant decreases (P < 0.05) in plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels and significant increases (P < 0.05) in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione levels after treatment in Groups 2 and 3 when compared with Group 1. This study indicates that NS might have antidermatophyte and antioxidant effects in the treatment of dermatophytosis in cattle and the antidermatophyte effects of NS plus enilconazole was stronger among all groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Immunity against ringworm has been well examined, but the knowledge of its development after repeated infection is limited. Therefore, the immunity developed after a single or double contact with various doses of Trichophyton verrucosum strain was investigated in calves which had or had not shown any signs of ringworm after contact with dermatophyte. In total six individual experiments were performed on 117 calves. Experimental infection with the virulent T. verrucosum strain was used to investigate the animals’ immunity. Calves showing severe trichophytosis after application of high doses of T. verrucosum culture were immune to reinfection by equally high doses of this dermatophyte. A similar protection level was reached after intramuscular revaccination or after recovery from trichophytosis with moderate course induced by two inoculations of low doses. If moderate course of illness had been induced by same single dose, the immunity was lower. Animals displaying no signs of trichophytosis after inoculation with the low doses developed insufficient immunity. There was no immunity against reinfection in animals having previous contact with subinfectious doses through undamaged skin. The results obtained suggest that the level of postinfection immunity depends on the disease extent and the frequency of administration of the infectious agent. The development of postcontact immunity cannot be excluded in calves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The aim of our study was to extend knowledge about possibilities of replacing challenge tests by in vitro methods in cattle on the model of trichophytosis. We correlated results of three in vitro tests for the detection of immune response, i.e. a specific antigen-driven lymphocyte transformation test measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation, specific antigen-induced production of interferon-gamma and detection of IgG1 and IgG2 isotypes of specific antibodies, in calves vaccinated against the disease or challenged with Trichophyton verrucosum as causative agent. The results obtained in the present study by different methods are correlated together. Lymphocyte transformation test correlated positively with interferon-gamma production. Ratio of IgG1 to IgG2 isotypes of antibody correlated negatively with both cell-mediated methods. Moreover the results show that any of the methods might in future replace the in vivo challenge tests that are still conventionally used for testing of newly developed vaccines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The purpose of this study was to determine the zinc levels in calves with trichophytosis and to research the importance of zinc for fungi. The sera of 20 calves with trichophytosis and 10 healthy calves were used in this study. Zinc levels of the sera were measured by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer method. Serum zinc levels of diseased and healthy animals were found to be 42.0±16.6 μg/dL and 75.8±5.9 μg/dL, respectively. Serum zinc levels of diseased calves were lower than healthy ones and this difference were found to be important statistically ( p<0.001), whereas there is no statistical difference on the levels of lymphocyte, monocyte, granulocyte, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume between groups. These parameters were not influenced by low zinc levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microconidia suspension ofTrichophyton verrucosumvirulent culture isolated originally from the mycotic lesions of cattle was inoculated epicutaneously to calves in various doses. Four application methods were selected, namely, onto the sheared and gently scarified skin, onto the sheared and non-scarified skin, onto the non-sheared and gently scarified skin, and onto the non-sheared and non-scarified skin. The inoculated area was 10 × 10 cm for all cases mentioned. When the application was performed onto the sheared and scarified skin, at least 18 000 microconidia ofT. verrucosumper one animal had to be used to induce the mycotic disease in 100% of animals. This value was 10 times higher when the application was performed onto the non-sheared and scarified skin, 100 times higher in the case of the sheared and non-scarified skin and 1 000 times higher in the case of the non-sheared and non-scarified skin. The minimum infectious dose still capable of inducing dermatophytosis was 180 microconidia per 100 cm2 of the scarified skin, 18 000 microconidia per 100 cm2 of the sheared and non-scarified skin, and 180 000 microconidia per 100 cm2 of the non-sheared and non-scarified skin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat shock proteins (hsp) were identified in many infectious agents as immunodominant antigens with a protective effect. Immunization of laboratory animals by selected representants of hsp60, hsp70 and hsp90 isolated from several pathogens induced protective host immunity and significantly reduced clinical manifestation of infection. The present study involves preparation of a recombinant protein vaccine and a DNA vaccine. Both vaccines were derived from the hsp60 of the dermatophyte,Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Challenge trials with evaluation of the protective effect of vaccination were performed on calves and guinea-pigs. Both vaccination procedures reduced, in statistically significant fashion, the clinical course of skin mycosis in calves experimentally inoculated with the dermatophyte,T. mentagrophytes. In experiments with guinea-pigs, increased protection was only seen with DNA vaccination. After DNA vaccine application, no paravaccination side-effects (granulomas at the injection site, changed total state of the animal) were observed. Only vaccination with the recombinant protein in calf's experiment induced specific serum antibodies. This observation indicates that antibodies are not associated with protection. In summary, DNA vaccine hsp60 is the most promising for prevention of bovine trichophytosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Old, evolving, and new infectious agents continually threaten the participation of competitors in sports. Objective: To provide an update of the medical literature on infectious disease outbreaks in sport for the last 5 years (May 2005-November 2010). Main Outcome Measure(s): A total of 21 outbreaks or clusters were identified. Results: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (n = 7, 33%; mainly community acquired) and tinea (trichophytosis: n = 6, 29%) were the most common pathogens responsible for outbreaks. Skin and soft tissue was the most common site of infection (n = 15, 71%). Conclusions: The majority of outbreaks reported occurred in close-contact sports, mainly combat sports (ie, wrestling, judo) and American football. Twelve outbreaks (57%) involved high school or collegiate competitors. Common community outbreak pathogens, such as influenza virus and norovirus, have received little attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine whether severe kyphosis is one of the risk factors of umbilical trichophytosis in elderly people. Patients and Methods: Four cases with umbilical trichophytosis in the last 3 years and all 143 patients who visited to our clinic during from April 2018 to March 2019 were included in this study. The relationship between the condition of umbilical region and kyphosis was investigated. As regards the levels of senile kyphosis, simple visual classification of the kyphosis method was used (Level 0-4). Results: All four cases with umbilical trichophytosis were elderly women aged ≥80 years, had severe kyphosis, skin overlaps, filthy umbilical region, and lumps of dirt in the umbilical region and had nail tinea. Only two cases had umbilical trichophytosis among 143 patients who visited our clinic during the 1 year study period, with incidence is of 1.4%/year. About 65.7%, 60%, and 37.1% of 35 patients with kyphosis with forward-bent posture had skin overlap, moist, and filthy umbilical regions, respectively. However, these symptoms were not found in patients without severe kyphosis. Conclusion: Severe kyphosis with forward-bent posture could be one of the risk factors of umbilical trichophytosis in elderly people., (©2020 The Japanese Association of Rural Medicine.)

Cutaneous infections with Trichophyton species of Arthroderma (A.) benhamiae are increasingly being detected in Germany. This dermatophyte typically causes tinea corporis, tinea faciei or tinea capitis with in part heavy clinical manifestation like kerion celsi. In special cases diagnosis and therapy can be difficult. In this article, four clinical cases are presented, whereby attention is given to special clinical situations and therapeutic aspects with regard to Trichophyton species of A. benhamiae: Case 1: Kerion celsi by in a 6-year-old boy; Case 2: Deep trichophytia at the mons pubis in a 32-year-old man working in a pet shop and his 27-year-old female partner; Case 3: Tinea manuum in a 7-year-old girl; Case 4: Tinea corporis in an 8‑year-old girl.