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1. Multiple imputation in data that grow over time: A comparison of three strategies

Author

Kavelaars, X. M., van Buuren, S., and van Ginkel, J. R.

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

Multiple imputation is a highly recommended technique to deal with missing data, but the application to longitudinal datasets can be done in multiple ways. When a new wave of longitudinal data arrives, we can treat the combined data of multiple waves as a new missing data problem and overwrite existing imputations with new values (re-imputation). Alternatively, we may keep the existing imputations, and impute only the new data. We may do either a full multiple imputation (nested) or a single imputation (appended) on the new data per imputed set. This study compares these three strategies by means of simulation. All techniques resulted in valid inference under a monotone missingness pattern. A non-monotone missingness pattern led to biased and non-confidence valid regression coefficients after nested and appended imputation, depending on the correlation structure of the data. Correlations within timepoints must be stronger than correlations between timepoints to obtain valid inference. In an empirical example, the three strategies performed similarly.We conclude that appended imputation is especially beneficial in longitudinal datasets that suffer from dropout., Comment: 15 pages, 5 tables, 1 figure

Published
2019
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2. Impute-then-exclude versus exclude-then-impute: Lessons when imputing a variable used both in cohort creation and as an independent variable in the analysis model

Author

Austin, P, Giardiello, D, van Buuren, S, Austin, PC, Austin, P, Giardiello, D, van Buuren, S, and Austin, PC

Abstract

We examined the setting in which a variable that is subject to missingness is used both as an inclusion/exclusion criterion for creating the analytic sample and subsequently as the primary exposure in the analysis model that is of scientific interest. An example is cancer stage, where patients with stage IV cancer are often excluded from the analytic sample, and cancer stage (I to III) is an exposure variable in the analysis model. We considered two analytic strategies. The first strategy, referred to as “exclude-then-impute,” excludes subjects for whom the observed value of the target variable is equal to the specified value and then uses multiple imputation to complete the data in the resultant sample. The second strategy, referred to as “impute-then-exclude,” first uses multiple imputation to complete the data and then excludes subjects based on the observed or filled-in values in the completed samples. Monte Carlo simulations were used to compare five methods (one based on “exclude-then-impute” and four based on “impute-then-exclude”) along with the use of a complete case analysis. We considered both missing completely at random and missing at random missing data mechanisms. We found that an impute-then-exclude strategy using substantive model compatible fully conditional specification tended to have superior performance across 72 different scenarios. We illustrated the application of these methods using empirical data on patients hospitalized with heart failure when heart failure subtype was used for cohort creation (excluding subjects with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction) and was also an exposure in the analysis model.

Published
2023

3. The creation of the Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) for children aged 0-3 years: combining subject matter expert judgements with big data

Author

McCray, G, McCoy, D, Kariger, P, Janus, M, Black, MM, Chang, SM, Tofail, F, Eekhout, Iris, Waldman, M, van Buuren, S, Khanam, R, Sazawal, S, Nizar, A, Schönbeck, Y, Zongo, A, Brentani, A, Zhang, Y, Dua, T, Cavallera, V, Raikes, A, Weber, AM, Bromley, K, Baqui, A, Dutta, A, Nisar, I, Detmar, SB, Anago, R, Mercadante, P, Jiang, F, Kaur, R, Hepworth, K, Rubio-Codina, M, Kembou, SN, Ahmed, S, Lancaster, GA, Gladstone, M, McCray, G, McCoy, D, Kariger, P, Janus, M, Black, MM, Chang, SM, Tofail, F, Eekhout, Iris, Waldman, M, van Buuren, S, Khanam, R, Sazawal, S, Nizar, A, Schönbeck, Y, Zongo, A, Brentani, A, Zhang, Y, Dua, T, Cavallera, V, Raikes, A, Weber, AM, Bromley, K, Baqui, A, Dutta, A, Nisar, I, Detmar, SB, Anago, R, Mercadante, P, Jiang, F, Kaur, R, Hepworth, K, Rubio-Codina, M, Kembou, SN, Ahmed, S, Lancaster, GA, and Gladstone, M

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: With the ratification of the Sustainable Development Goals, there is an increased emphasis on early childhood development (ECD) and well-being. The WHO led Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) project aims to provide population and programmatic level measures of ECD for 0-3 years that are valid, reliable and have psychometrically stable performance across geographical, cultural and language contexts. This paper reports on the creation of two measures: (1) the GSED Short Form (GSED-SF)-a caregiver reported measure for population-evaluation-self-administered with no training required and (2) the GSED Long Form (GSED-LF)-a directly administered/observed measure for programmatic evaluation-administered by a trained professional. METHODS: We selected 807 psychometrically best-performing items using a Rasch measurement model from an ECD measurement databank which comprised 66 075 children assessed on 2211 items from 18 ECD measures in 32 countries. From 766 of these items, in-depth subject matter expert judgements were gathered to inform final item selection. Specifically collected were data on (1) conceptual matches between pairs of items originating from different measures, (2) developmental domain(s) measured by each item and (3) perceptions of feasibility of administration of each item in diverse contexts. Prototypes were finalised through a combination of psychometric performance evaluation and expert consensus to optimally identify items. RESULTS: We created the GSED-SF (139 items) and GSED-LF (157 items) for tablet-based and paper-based assessments, with an optimal set of items that fit the Rasch model, met subject matter expert criteria, avoided conceptual overlap, covered multiple domains of child development and were feasible to implement across diverse settings. CONCLUSIONS: State-of-the-art quantitative and qualitative procedures were used to select of theoretically relevant and globally feasible items representing child development for chi

Published
2023

4. The creation of the Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) for children aged 0-3 years: combining subject matter expert judgements with big data

Author

Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, McCray, G, McCoy, D, Kariger, P, Janus, M, Black, MM, Chang, SM, Tofail, F, Eekhout, Iris, Waldman, M, van Buuren, S, Khanam, R, Sazawal, S, Nizar, A, Schönbeck, Y, Zongo, A, Brentani, A, Zhang, Y, Dua, T, Cavallera, V, Raikes, A, Weber, AM, Bromley, K, Baqui, A, Dutta, A, Nisar, I, Detmar, SB, Anago, R, Mercadante, P, Jiang, F, Kaur, R, Hepworth, K, Rubio-Codina, M, Kembou, SN, Ahmed, S, Lancaster, GA, Gladstone, M, Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, McCray, G, McCoy, D, Kariger, P, Janus, M, Black, MM, Chang, SM, Tofail, F, Eekhout, Iris, Waldman, M, van Buuren, S, Khanam, R, Sazawal, S, Nizar, A, Schönbeck, Y, Zongo, A, Brentani, A, Zhang, Y, Dua, T, Cavallera, V, Raikes, A, Weber, AM, Bromley, K, Baqui, A, Dutta, A, Nisar, I, Detmar, SB, Anago, R, Mercadante, P, Jiang, F, Kaur, R, Hepworth, K, Rubio-Codina, M, Kembou, SN, Ahmed, S, Lancaster, GA, and Gladstone, M

Published
2023

7. Diversity in auxology: between theory and practice: Proceedings of the 18 th Aschauer Soiree, 13 th November 2010

Author

Hermanussen, M., Lieberman, L.S., Janewa, V. Schönfeld, Scheffler, C., Ghosh, A., Bogin, B., Godina, E., Kaczmarek, M., El-Shabrawi, M., Salama, E.E., Rühli, F.J., Staub, K., Woitek, U., Blaha, P., Aßmann, C., van Buuren, S., Lehmann, A., Satake, T., Thodberg, H.H., Jopp, E., Kirchengast, S., Tutkuviene, J., McIntyre, M.H., Wittwer-Backofen, U., Boldsen, J.L., Martin, D.D., and Meier, J.

Published
2012
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12. Developing evidence-based guidelines for referral for short stature

Author

Grote, F.K., van Dommelen, P., Oostdijk, W., De Muinck Keizer-Schrama, S.M.P.F., Verkerk, P.H., Wit, J.M., and van Buuren, S.

Subjects
Stature, Short -- Diagnosis, Stature, Short -- Care and treatment, Evidence-based medicine -- Research, Medical referral -- Standards, Patient monitoring -- Standards, Child development -- Research
Published
2008

13. Missing the Point: Non-Convergence in Iterative Imputation Algorithms

Author

Oberman, H.I., van Buuren, S., Vink, G., Leerstoel van Buuren, and Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences

Subjects
MICE, Iterative imputation, non-convergence
Abstract

Iterative imputation is a popular tool to accommodate missing data. While it is widely accepted that valid inferences can be obtained with this technique, these inferences all rely on algorithmic convergence. There is no consensus on how to evaluate the convergence properties of the method. Our study provides insight into identifying non-convergence in iterative imputation algorithms. We found that---in the cases considered---inferential validity was achieved after five to ten iterations, much earlier than indicated by diagnostic methods. We conclude that it never hurts to iterate longer, but such calculations hardly bring added value.

Published
2020

18. Towards evidence based referral criteria for growth monitoring

Author

van Buuren, S., van Dommelen, P., Zandwijken, G.R.J., Grote, F.K., Wit, J.M., and Verkerk, P.H.

Subjects
Care and treatment, Research, Health aspects, Children -- Health aspects -- Research, Growth (Physiology) -- Research -- Health aspects, Turner syndrome -- Care and treatment -- Research, Growth -- Research -- Health aspects
Abstract

Arch Dis Child 2004;89:336-341. doi: 10.1136/adc.2003.027839. Aims: To evaluate the performance of growth monitoring in detecting diseases. Turner's syndrome (TS) is taken as the target disease. Methods: Case-control simulation study. [...]

Published
2004

26. Patient and anesthesia characteristics of children with low pre-incision blood pressure, a retrospective observational study

Author

Pasma, W., Peelen, L.M., van den Broek, S., van Buuren, S., van Klei, W.A., de Graaff, J.C., Pasma, W., Peelen, L.M., van den Broek, S., van Buuren, S., van Klei, W.A., and de Graaff, J.C.

Abstract

Background Intraoperative blood pressure has been suggested as a key factor for safe pediatric anesthesia. However, there is not much insight into factors that discriminate between children with low and normal pre‐incision blood pressure. Our aim was to explore whether children who have a low blood pressure during anesthesia are different than those with normal blood pressure. The focus of the present study was on the pre‐incision period. Methods This retrospective study included pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia for non‐cardiac surgery at a tertiary pediatric university hospital, between 2012 and 2016. We analyzed the association between pre‐incision blood pressure and patient‐ and anesthesia characteristics, comparing low with normal pre‐incision blood pressure. This association was further explored with a multivariable linear regression. Results In total, 20 962 anesthetic cases were included. Pre‐incision blood pressure was associated with age (beta −0.04 SD per year), gender (female −0.11), previous surgery (−0.15), preoperative blood pressure (+0.01 per mm Hg), epilepsy (0.12), bronchial hyperactivity (−0.18), emergency surgery (0.10), loco‐regional technique (−0.48), artificial airway device (supraglottic airway device instead of tube 0.07), and sevoflurane concentration (0.03 per sevoflurane %). Conclusions Children with low pre‐incision blood pressure do not differ on clinically relevant factors from children with normal blood pressure. Although the present explorative study shows that pre‐incision blood pressure is partly dependent on patient characteristics and partly dependent on anesthetic technique, other unmeasured variables might play a more important role.

Published
2020

27. Patient and anesthesia characteristics of children with low pre-incision blood pressure, a retrospective observational study

Author

Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Pasma, W., Peelen, L.M., van den Broek, S., van Buuren, S.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/074806777, van Klei, W.A., de Graaff, J.C., Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Pasma, W., Peelen, L.M., van den Broek, S., van Buuren, S.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/074806777, van Klei, W.A., and de Graaff, J.C.

Published
2020

28. Use of anesthesia data for research

Author

van Klei, W.A., Van Buuren, S., de Graaff, J.C., Slingerland-Peelen, L.M., Pasma, Wietze, van Klei, W.A., Van Buuren, S., de Graaff, J.C., Slingerland-Peelen, L.M., and Pasma, Wietze

Published
2020

29. mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations: 3.11.0

Author

Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, van Buuren, S., Groothuis-Oudshoorn, K., Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, van Buuren, S., and Groothuis-Oudshoorn, K.

Published
2020

30. Missing the Point: Non-Convergence in Iterative Imputation Algorithms

Author

Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Oberman, H.I., van Buuren, S., Vink, G., Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Oberman, H.I., van Buuren, S., and Vink, G.

Published
2020

36. Anthropometry of fetal growth in rural Malawi in relation to maternal malaria and HIV status

Author

Kalandra, B.F., Van Buuren, S., Verhoeff, F.H., and Brabin, B.J.

Subjects
Anthropometry -- Research, Anthropometry -- Analysis, HIV (Viruses) -- Diagnosis, HIV (Viruses) -- Complications and side effects, HIV (Viruses) -- Care and treatment, Malaria -- Diagnosis, Malaria -- Complications and side effects, Malaria -- Care and treatment, Fetus -- Growth, Fetus -- Research, Fetus -- Analysis, Maternal health services, Family and marriage, Health, Women's issues/gender studies
Published
2005

40. The Global Scale for Early Development (GSED)

Author

Black, M.M., Bromley, K., Cavallera, V.A., Cuartas, J., Dua, T., Eekhout, I., Fink, G., Gladstone, M., Hepworth, K., Janus, M., Kariger, P., Lancaster, G., McCoy, D., McCray, G., Raikes, A., Rubio-Codina, M., van Buuren, S., Waldman, M., Walker, S., Weber, A., Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, and Leerstoel van Buuren

Published
2019

42. The Global Scale for Early Development (GSED)

Author

Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Leerstoel van Buuren, Black, M.M., Bromley, K., Cavallera, V.A., Cuartas, J., Dua, T., Eekhout, I., Fink, G., Gladstone, M., Hepworth, K., Janus, M., Kariger, P., Lancaster, G., McCoy, D., McCray, G., Raikes, A., Rubio-Codina, M., van Buuren, S., Waldman, M., Walker, S., Weber, A., Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Leerstoel van Buuren, Black, M.M., Bromley, K., Cavallera, V.A., Cuartas, J., Dua, T., Eekhout, I., Fink, G., Gladstone, M., Hepworth, K., Janus, M., Kariger, P., Lancaster, G., McCoy, D., McCray, G., Raikes, A., Rubio-Codina, M., van Buuren, S., Waldman, M., Walker, S., and Weber, A.

Published
2019

43. Gestational weight gain charts for different body mass index groups for women in Europe, North America, and Oceania

Author

Santos, S. Eekhout, I. Voerman, E. Gaillard, R. Barros, H. Charles, M.-A. Chatzi, L. Chevrier, C. Chrousos, G.P. Corpeleijn, E. Costet, N. Crozier, S. Doyon, M. Eggesbø, M. Fantini, M.P. Farchi, S. Forastiere, F. Gagliardi, L. Georgiu, V. Godfrey, K.M. Gori, D. Grote, V. Hanke, W. Hertz-Picciotto, I. Heude, B. Hivert, M.-F. Hryhorczuk, D. Huang, R.-C. Inskip, H. Jusko, T.A. Karvonen, A.M. Koletzko, B. Küpers, L.K. Lagström, H. Lawlor, D.A. Lehmann, I. Lopez-Espinosa, M.-J. Magnus, P. Majewska, R. Mäkelä, J. Manios, Y. McDonald, S.W. Mommers, M. Morgen, C.S. Moschonis, G. Murínová, L. Newnham, J. Nohr, E.A. Andersen, A.-M.N. Oken, E. Oostvogels, A.J.J.M. Pac, A. Papadopoulou, E. Pekkanen, J. Pizzi, C. Polanska, K. Porta, D. Richiardi, L. Rifas-Shiman, S.L. Roeleveld, N. Santa-Marina, L. Santos, A.C. Smit, H.A. Sørensen, T.I.A. Standl, M. Stanislawski, M. Stoltenberg, C. Thiering, E. Thijs, C. Torrent, M. Tough, S.C. Trnovec, T. Van Gelder, M.M.H.J. Van Rossem, L. Von Berg, A. Vrijheid, M. Vrijkotte, T.G.M. Zvinchuk, O. Van Buuren, S. Jaddoe, V.W.V.

Abstract

Background: Gestational weight gain differs according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and is related to the risks of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Gestational weight gain charts for women in different pre-pregnancy body mass index groups enable identification of women and offspring at risk for adverse health outcomes. We aimed to construct gestational weight gain reference charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2 and 3 obese women and to compare these charts with those obtained in women with uncomplicated term pregnancies. Methods: We used individual participant data from 218,216 pregnant women participating in 33 cohorts from Europe, North America, and Oceania. Of these women, 9065 (4.2%), 148,697 (68.1%), 42,678 (19.6%), 13,084 (6.0%), 3597 (1.6%), and 1095 (0.5%) were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. A total of 138, 517 women from 26 cohorts had pregnancies with no hypertensive or diabetic disorders and with term deliveries of appropriate for gestational age at birth infants. Gestational weight gain charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grade 1, 2, and 3 obese women were derived by the Box-Cox t method using the generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape. Results: We observed that gestational weight gain strongly differed per maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index group. The median (interquartile range) gestational weight gain at 40 weeks was 14.2 kg (11.4-17.4) for underweight women, 14.5 kg (11.5-17.7) for normal weight women, 13.9 kg (10.1-17.9) for overweight women, and 11.2 kg (7.0-15.7), 8.7 kg (4.3-13.4) and 6.3 kg (1.9-11.1) for grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. The rate of weight gain was lower in the first half than in the second half of pregnancy. No differences in the patterns of weight gain were observed between cohorts or countries. Similar weight gain patterns were observed in mothers without pregnancy complications. Conclusions: Gestational weight gain patterns are strongly related to pre-pregnancy body mass index. The derived charts can be used to assess gestational weight gain in etiological research and as a monitoring tool for weight gain during pregnancy in clinical practice. © 2018 The Author(s).

Published
2018

44. Geostatistical modelling of the association between malaria and child growth in Africa

Author

Amoah, B, Giorgi, Emanuel, Hayes, Daniel J., van Buuren, S., Diggle, Peter J., Leerstoel van Buuren, and Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences

Subjects
Stunting, Child growth, Exceedance probability, Geostatistics, Malaria
Abstract

Background Undernutrition among children under 5 years of age continues to be a public health challenge in many low- and middle-income countries and can lead to growth stunting. Infectious diseases may also affect child growth, however their actual impact on the latter can be difficult to quantify. In this paper, we analyse data from 20 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 13 African countries to investigate the relationship between malaria and stunting. Our objective is to make inference on the association between malaria incidence during the first year of life and height-for-age Z-scores (HAZs). Methods We develop a geostatistical model for HAZs as a function of both measured and unmeasured child-specific and spatial risk factors. We visualize stunting risk in each of the 20 analysed surveys by mapping the predictive probability that HAZ is below − 2. Finally, we carry out a meta-analysis by modelling the estimated effects of malaria incidence on HAZ from each DHS as a linear regression on national development indicators from the World Bank. Results A non-spatial univariate linear regression of HAZ on malaria incidence showed a negative association in 18 out of 20 surveys. However, after adjusting for spatial risk factors and controlling for confounding effects, we found a weaker association between HAZ and malaria, with a mix of positive and negative estimates, of which 3 out of 20 are significantly different from zero at the conventional 5% level. The meta-analysis showed that this variation in the estimated effect of malaria incidence on HAZ is significantly associated with the amount of arable land. Conclusion Confounding effects on the association between malaria and stunting vary both by country and over time. Geostatistical analysis provides a useful framework that allows to account for unmeasured spatial confounders. Establishing whether the association between malaria and stunting is causal would require longitudinal follow-up data on individual children.

Published
2018

46. Geostatistical modelling of the association between malaria and child growth in Africa

Author

Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Amoah, B, Giorgi, Emanuel, Hayes, Daniel J., van Buuren, S., Diggle, Peter J., Leerstoel van Buuren, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Amoah, B, Giorgi, Emanuel, Hayes, Daniel J., van Buuren, S., and Diggle, Peter J.

Published
2018

47. Gestational weight gain charts for different body mass index groups for women in Europe, North America, and Oceania

Author

Santos, S., Eekhout, I., Voerman, I., Gaillard, R., Barros, H., Charles, M.-A., Chatzi, L., Chevrier, C., Chrousos, G.P., Corpeleijn, E., Costet, N., Crozier, S., Doyon, M., Eggesbø, M., Fantini, M.P., Farchi, S., Forastiere, F., Gagliardi, L., Georgiu, V., Godfrey, K.M., Gori, D., Grote, V., Hanke, W., Hertz-Picciotto, I., Heude, B., Hivert, M.-F., Hryhorczuk, D., Huang, R.-C., Inskip, H., Jusko, T.A., Karvonen, A.M., Koletzko, B., Küpers, L.K., Lagström, H., Lawlor, D.A., Lehmann, Irina, Lopez-Espinosa, M.-J., Magnus, P., Majewska, R., Mäkelä, J., Manios, Y., McDonald, S.W., Mommers, M., Morgen, C.S., Moschonis, G., Murínová, L., Newnham, J., Nohr, E.A., Nybo Andersen, A.-M., Oken, E., Oostvogels, A.J.J.M., Pac, A., Papadopoulou, E., Pekkanen, J., Pizzi, C., Polanska, K., Porta, D., Richiardi, L., Rifas-Shiman, S.-L., Roeleveld, N., Santa-Marina, L., Santos, A.C., Smit, H.A., Sørensen, T.I.A., Standl, M., Stanislawski, M., Stoltenberg, C., Thiering, E., Thijs, C., Torrent, M., Tough, S.C., Trnovec, T., van Gelder, M.M.H.J., van Rossem, L., von Berg, A., Vrijheid, M., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., Zvinchuk, O., van Buuren, S., Jaddoe, V.W.V., Santos, S., Eekhout, I., Voerman, I., Gaillard, R., Barros, H., Charles, M.-A., Chatzi, L., Chevrier, C., Chrousos, G.P., Corpeleijn, E., Costet, N., Crozier, S., Doyon, M., Eggesbø, M., Fantini, M.P., Farchi, S., Forastiere, F., Gagliardi, L., Georgiu, V., Godfrey, K.M., Gori, D., Grote, V., Hanke, W., Hertz-Picciotto, I., Heude, B., Hivert, M.-F., Hryhorczuk, D., Huang, R.-C., Inskip, H., Jusko, T.A., Karvonen, A.M., Koletzko, B., Küpers, L.K., Lagström, H., Lawlor, D.A., Lehmann, Irina, Lopez-Espinosa, M.-J., Magnus, P., Majewska, R., Mäkelä, J., Manios, Y., McDonald, S.W., Mommers, M., Morgen, C.S., Moschonis, G., Murínová, L., Newnham, J., Nohr, E.A., Nybo Andersen, A.-M., Oken, E., Oostvogels, A.J.J.M., Pac, A., Papadopoulou, E., Pekkanen, J., Pizzi, C., Polanska, K., Porta, D., Richiardi, L., Rifas-Shiman, S.-L., Roeleveld, N., Santa-Marina, L., Santos, A.C., Smit, H.A., Sørensen, T.I.A., Standl, M., Stanislawski, M., Stoltenberg, C., Thiering, E., Thijs, C., Torrent, M., Tough, S.C., Trnovec, T., van Gelder, M.M.H.J., van Rossem, L., von Berg, A., Vrijheid, M., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., Zvinchuk, O., van Buuren, S., and Jaddoe, V.W.V.

Abstract

BackgroundGestational weight gain differs according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and is related to the risks of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Gestational weight gain charts for women in different pre-pregnancy body mass index groups enable identification of women and offspring at risk for adverse health outcomes. We aimed to construct gestational weight gain reference charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2 and 3 obese women and to compare these charts with those obtained in women with uncomplicated term pregnancies.MethodsWe used individual participant data from 218,216 pregnant women participating in 33 cohorts from Europe, North America, and Oceania. Of these women, 9065 (4.2%), 148,697 (68.1%), 42,678 (19.6%), 13,084 (6.0%), 3597 (1.6%), and 1095 (0.5%) were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. A total of 138, 517 women from 26 cohorts had pregnancies with no hypertensive or diabetic disorders and with term deliveries of appropriate for gestational age at birth infants. Gestational weight gain charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grade 1, 2, and 3 obese women were derived by the Box-Cox t method using the generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape.ResultsWe observed that gestational weight gain strongly differed per maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index group. The median (interquartile range) gestational weight gain at 40 weeks was 14.2 kg (11.4–17.4) for underweight women, 14.5 kg (11.5–17.7) for normal weight women, 13.9 kg (10.1–17.9) for overweight women, and 11.2 kg (7.0–15.7), 8.7 kg (4.3–13.4) and 6.3 kg (1.9–11.1) for grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. The rate of weight gain was lower in the first half than in the second half of pregnancy. No differences in the patterns of weight gain were observed between cohorts or countries. Similar weight gain pat

Published
2018

48. Gestational weight gain charts for different body mass index groups for women in Europe, North America, and Oceania

Author

Moreira da Silva Santos, Susana, Eekhout, I, Voerman, Ellis, Gaillard, Romy, Barros, H, Charles, MA, Chatzi, L, Chevrier, C, Chrousos, GP, Corpeleijn, E, Costet, N, Crozier, S, Doyon, M, Eggesbo, M, Fantini, MP, Farchi, S, Forastiere, F, Gagliardi, L, Georgiu, V, Godfrey, KM, Gori, D, Grote, V, Hanke, W, Hertz-Picciotto, I, Heude, B, Hivert, MF, Hryhorczuk, D, Huang, RC, Inskip, H, Jusko, TA, Karvonen, AM, Koletzko, B, Kupers, LK, Lagstrom, H, Lawlor, DA, Lehmann, I, Lopez-Espinosa, MJ, Magnus, P, Majewska, R, Makela, J, Manios, Y, McDonald, SW, Mommers, M, Morgen, CS, Moschonis, G, Murinova, L, Newnham, J, Nohr, EA, Andersen, AMN, Oken, E, Oostvogels, A, Pac, A, Papadopoulou, E, Pekkanen, J, Pizzi, C, Polanska, K, Porta, D, Richiardi, L, Rifas-Shiman, SL, Roeleveld, N, Santa-Marina, L, dos Santos, AC, Smit, HA, Sorensen, TIA, Standl, M, Stanislawski, M, Stoltenberg, C, Thiering, E, Thijs, C, Torrent, M, Tough, SC, Trnovec, T, Gelder, M, Rossem, L, Berg, A, Vrijheid, M, Vrijkotte, TGM, Zvinchuk, O, van Buuren, S, Jaddoe, Vincent, Moreira da Silva Santos, Susana, Eekhout, I, Voerman, Ellis, Gaillard, Romy, Barros, H, Charles, MA, Chatzi, L, Chevrier, C, Chrousos, GP, Corpeleijn, E, Costet, N, Crozier, S, Doyon, M, Eggesbo, M, Fantini, MP, Farchi, S, Forastiere, F, Gagliardi, L, Georgiu, V, Godfrey, KM, Gori, D, Grote, V, Hanke, W, Hertz-Picciotto, I, Heude, B, Hivert, MF, Hryhorczuk, D, Huang, RC, Inskip, H, Jusko, TA, Karvonen, AM, Koletzko, B, Kupers, LK, Lagstrom, H, Lawlor, DA, Lehmann, I, Lopez-Espinosa, MJ, Magnus, P, Majewska, R, Makela, J, Manios, Y, McDonald, SW, Mommers, M, Morgen, CS, Moschonis, G, Murinova, L, Newnham, J, Nohr, EA, Andersen, AMN, Oken, E, Oostvogels, A, Pac, A, Papadopoulou, E, Pekkanen, J, Pizzi, C, Polanska, K, Porta, D, Richiardi, L, Rifas-Shiman, SL, Roeleveld, N, Santa-Marina, L, dos Santos, AC, Smit, HA, Sorensen, TIA, Standl, M, Stanislawski, M, Stoltenberg, C, Thiering, E, Thijs, C, Torrent, M, Tough, SC, Trnovec, T, Gelder, M, Rossem, L, Berg, A, Vrijheid, M, Vrijkotte, TGM, Zvinchuk, O, van Buuren, S, and Jaddoe, Vincent

Published
2018

50. Systematic review indicates postnatal growth in term infants born small-for-gestational-age being associated with later neurocognitive and metabolic outcomes

Author

Castanys-Muñoz, E, Kennedy, K, Castañeda-Gutiérrez, E, Forsyth, S, Godfrey, KM, Koletzko, B, Ozanne, SE, Rueda, R, Schoemaker, M, Van Der Beek, EM, Van Buuren, S, Ong, KK, Ozanne, Susan [0000-0001-8753-5144], Ong, Kenneth [0000-0003-4689-7530], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, and Leerstoel van Buuren

Subjects
Postnatal growth, Life, Health, CH - Child Health, Neurodevelopment, Insulin resistance, Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health, Small for gestational age, ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences, Healthy for Life, Healthy Living, Adiposity
Abstract

We systematically reviewed papers published in English between 1994 and October 2015 on how postnatal weight gain and growth affect neurodevelopment and metabolic outcomes in term-born small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. Two randomised trials reported that enriched infant formulas that promoted early growth also increased fat mass, lean mass and blood pressure (BP), but had no effect on early neurocognitive outcomes. Meanwhile, 31 observational studies reported consistent positive associations between postnatal weight gain and growth with neurocognitive outcomes, adiposity, insulin resistance and BP. $\textbf{Conclusion}$: Few intervention studies exist, despite consistent positive associations between early growth and neurocognition in term-born SGA infants.

Published
2017

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