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This study provides an insight into the goods flows of (raw) poultry meat within - and, in particular, to - the Netherlands, and into the associated zoonosis risks. The study offers input for an inspection policy that will be required to enforce the intended prohibition on the marketing of raw poultry meat infected with Campylobacter and Salmonella. The Netherlands is an important poultry-meat trading country, and consequently the interviewees endorsed the importance of the reduction of zoonosis; they were also of the opinion that good Salmonella and Campylobacter control measures are in place in the Netherlands. In addition, it was also concluded that the retail sale of poultry meat that is free of Campylobacter and Salmonella is not currently a feasible proposition in the Netherlands.

This report relates to a comparative study of the production cost in 2004 of broilermeat in a number of EU countries and Brazil and the USA. This was supplemented with a review of the prospects towards 2010. For every country an insight was obtained into the developments in animal welfare, environmental measures, and food safety. It was concluded that in all EU countries the production cost will increase and as a result the difference with non EU countries will further increase. These costs relate, depending on the specific country, mainly to the environment, animal welfare, or food safety. In dit rapport worden de kostprijzen van kuikenvlees in 2004 in verschillende EU-landen vergeleken met Brazilië en de Verenigde Staten. Voor alle genoemde landen is een doorkijk gemaakt naar het jaar 2010. Per land zijn de ontwikkelingen op het gebied van dierenwelzijn, milieu en voedselveiligheid in kaart gebracht. Geconcludeerd wordt dat de kosten in de EU-landen de komende jaren verder stijgen waardoor het verschil met de niet- EU-landen verder toeneemt. Het verschilt per land of het accent hierbij ligt op milieu, dierenwelzijn of voedselveiligheid.

This report relates to a comparative study of the production cost of eggs in 2004 in some EU countries and Brazil and the USA. This was supplemented by a review of the prospects up until 2012. An insight was obtained into the national developments in animal welfare, environmental measures, and food safety. It was concluded that the production cost of eggs in the EU will further increase and as a result the difference in production cost with the non-EU countries will further increase. In the EU, Dutch and German layer farmers are confronted with additional animal-welfare and environmental regulations as compared to their counterparts in France, Spain and Poland. In dit rapport worden de kostprijzen van eieren in 2004 van verschillende EU-landen vergeleken met Brazilië en de Verenigde Staten. Voor alle genoemde landen is een doorkijk gemaakt naar het jaar 2012. Per land zijn de ontwikkelingen op het gebied van dierenwelzijn, milieu en voedselveiligheid in kaart gebracht. Geconcludeerd wordt dat in de EUlanden de komende jaren de kostprijs voor eieren zal stijgen, waardoor het verschil met de niet-EU-landen verder toeneemt. Binnen de EU hebben de leghennenhouders in Nederland en Duitsland te maken met extra regelgeving op het gebied van dierenwelzijn en milieu in vergelijking met Frankrijk, Spanje en Polen.

Because of animal welfare concerns in the EU, from 2012 only enriched cages will be allowed for the housing of laying hens (Council Directive 1999/74/EC). Production in enriched cages will increase the production cost of eggs. At the same time the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has launched a new round of negotiations to further liberalise trade in agricultural products. This report provides the results of a study on the impact of the EU Directive for EU egg processors. Within several scenarios, the increase in production costs (enriched cages) are combined with different levels of import levies and currency exchange rates. In general it can be concluded that in 2012 EU countries cannot compete on their home market for egg products with countries such as Ukraine, United States, Brazil and India.

This research examines the competitiveness of the Dutch egg products industry, as well as the consequences of tightening up the laws concerning layer poultry on the competitive position of the Dutch egg production industry. A tightening of the laws has, in fact, the effect of raising the production cost, and in this research the central question revolves around whether animal welfare-friendly egg products are perceived as products with added value by the buyers of egg products (mainly industrial buyers) and will thus also be offered for sale at a higher price. Furthermore, it will be investigated what the probable developmental directions are in the egg products industry if this higher price cannot be realised.