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14. Versatile Pilot Line to Support the Heterojunction Solar Cell Industrial Development: Busbar and Busbar-Less Configurations

Author

Danel, A., Varache, R., Harrison, S., Van Den Bossche, M., Rey, N., Lefillastre, P., Gaume, J., Veirman, J., Bettinelli, A., and Roux, C.

Subjects
Heterojunction Solar Cells, Silicon Photovoltaics
Abstract

33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 447-450, In this paper we present the 2016-2017 progress made on the CEA silicon heterojunction solar cell (SHJ) pilot line called ‘LabFab’. The pilot line has entered its second generation phase with the installation of a new sputtering tool for Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) deposition allowing edge masking for junction opening, as well as the development of busbar-less (BB0) back-end process and an increase of the nominal capacity at 2400 wafers per hour. Following the wafer market, the pilot line tools were also upgraded to handle both M0 and M2 156x156 mm2 sizes, as well as lower wafer thicknesses (down to 90μm), thereby increasing the LabFab overall versatility. The line is thus capable of producing and sorting two main different industrial products: 4 busbar (BB4) and BB0 rear emitter bifacial cells, with a focus on modules and systems output and reliability. Improving the 20.5% efficiency BB4 baseline end of 2015 with the use of higher quality substrates (high Si bulk lifetime / resistivity ratio) coupled to texturization, PECVD, PVD and screen printing process optimization, the LabFab production flow has recently reached a lot to lot average cell efficiency of 21.5% and 22.0% for BB4 and BB0, respectively. The best 244.3cm2 cells with industrial bifacial processing show 22.3%, 22.1% and 23.3% efficiency for BB4-160μm, BB4-90μm and BB0-160μm respectively. Modules realized by ribbon conductive gluing on selected BB4 cells show a power cell-to-module ratio of 101+/-1% in the glass-backsheet (GBS) configuration and 98+/-1% with a glass-glass bifacial design (GG). 324Wp and 313Wp 60-cell GBS modules were acheived with 160μm and 93μm cells respectively. A 72-cell GG record module was manufactured at 381Wp (flashed with dark backside) and measured at 444Wp under the standardized GE norm (1000W/m2 front side + 200W/m2 rear side illumination). Our first modules based on BBO cells and the multi-wire interconnection show similar power as achieved with BB4 cells (386Wp 72-cell, 318Wp 60-cell, GBS, learning stage) with a high reliability and consistent field data. This allows a short term perspective to equal or slightly increase the power output for BB0 systems compared to the BB4 reference, taking into account an amount of silver per cell divided by about a factor 3 to 4.

Published
2017
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23. Religie, de zevende betekenaar

Author

Bracke, S., Topolski, A.R., Fadil, N., Coene, G., Van Den Bossche, M., Coene, G., and Van Den Bossche, M.

Subjects
Consequences for State-Market-Civil Society Arrangements [Distributional Conflicts in a Globalizing World]
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2015

27. Recent Progress on the CEA-INES Heterojunction Solar Cell Pilot Line

Author

Danel, A., Harrison, S., Martel, B., Roux, C., Aumaille, K., Ozanne, A.-S., Van Den Bossche, M., Rey, N., Valla, A., Medlège, F., Novel, B., Commault, B., Lefillastre, P., Varache, R., Carroy, P., Bancel, S., Ozanne, F., Muñoz, D., Heslinga, D., Gerritsen, E., and Ribeyron, P.J.

Subjects
WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY, Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering
Abstract

31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 279-283, In this paper we present progress made during 2014/2015 on the heterojunction (HJ) solar cell pilot line (LabFab), located at the French National Solar Energy Institute (INES) and operated by the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA). After an optimization phase a production capability of 1100 cells/hour was demonstrated end of 2013 with an average efficiency of 20.11%. Currently, the production LabFab baseline has been increased to 20.53% (rear emitter, 4 bus-bar, 156mm pseudo-square (156 PSQ), 240 cm2, bifacial cells). This was obtained by optimizing substrate selection, thermal donor anneal (TDA), cell texturing without IPA and hydrogenated amorphous silicon layer deposition on monocrystalline silicon (a-Si:H/c-Si). The latter by optimization of hydrogen plasma steps, fine tuning of the silane to hydrogen dilution and correct management of thermal aspects of the deposition process (PECVD). LabFab production flow has given cell efficiency of 21.08% using high mobility indium tin oxide (ITO) and cell insulation without laser opening. Greater than 5Wp cells were selected for integration into 60-cell modules. A certified record of 308Wp has been achieved with a cell-to-module ratio of 100.7%. Cells were selected and finished as monofacial cells with a rear side silver layer and a second antireflective coating on the front side, leading to an industrial record cell of 22.2% at CEA-INES. Finally, it is shown that rear-side ITO with edge exclusion is an excellent solution for HJ cell insulation, with outstanding reliability on the modules. Edge exclusion was obtained by deposition through open pockets on a production-ready equipment, allowing a short term LabFab perspective of above 21% cells at 1500 wafers per hour and a module performance baseline over 300Wp.

Published
2015
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29. Religie, de zevende betekenaar

Author

Coene, G., Van Den Bossche, M., Bracke, S., Topolski, A.R., Fadil, N., Coene, G., Van Den Bossche, M., Bracke, S., Topolski, A.R., and Fadil, N.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2015

32. CO adsorption on clean and oxidized Pd(111)

Author

Martin, N. M., Van Den Bossche, M., Grönbeck, H., Hakanoglu, C., Zhang, F., Li, T., Gustafson, J., Weaver, J. F., Lundgren, E., Martin, N. M., Van Den Bossche, M., Grönbeck, H., Hakanoglu, C., Zhang, F., Li, T., Gustafson, J., Weaver, J. F., and Lundgren, E.

Published
2014

33. Intrinsic ligand effect governing the catalytic activity of Pd oxide thin films

Author

Martin, N. M., Van Den Bossche, M., Hellman, A., Grönbeck, H., Hakanoglu, C., Gustafson, J., Blomberg, S., Johansson, N., Liu, Z., Axnanda, S., Weaver, J. F., Lundgren, E., Martin, N. M., Van Den Bossche, M., Hellman, A., Grönbeck, H., Hakanoglu, C., Gustafson, J., Blomberg, S., Johansson, N., Liu, Z., Axnanda, S., Weaver, J. F., and Lundgren, E.

Published
2014

35. Effects of non-local exchange on core level shifts for gas-phase and adsorbed molecules.

Author

Van den Bossche, M, Martin, Natalia, Gustafson, Johan, Hakanoglu, C, Weaver, J F, Lundgren, Edvin, Grönbeck, H, Van den Bossche, M, Martin, Natalia, Gustafson, Johan, Hakanoglu, C, Weaver, J F, Lundgren, Edvin, and Grönbeck, H

Abstract

Density functional theory calculations are often used to interpret experimental shifts in core level binding energies. Calculations based on gradient-corrected (GC) exchange-correlation functionals are known to reproduce measured core level shifts (CLS) of isolated molecules and metal surfaces with reasonable accuracy. In the present study, we discuss a series of examples where the shifts calculated within a GC-functional significantly deviate from the experimental values, namely the CLS of C 1s in ethyl trifluoroacetate, Pd 3d in PdO and the O 1s shift for CO adsorbed on PdO(101). The deviations are traced to effects of the electronic self-interaction error with GC-functionals and substantially better agreements between calculated and measured CLS are obtained when a fraction of exact exchange is used in the exchange-correlation functional.

Published
2014

40. CO Adsorption on Clean and Oxidized Pd(111)

Author

Martin, N. M., primary, Van den Bossche, M., additional, Grönbeck, H., additional, Hakanoglu, C., additional, Zhang, F., additional, Li, T., additional, Gustafson, J., additional, Weaver, J. F., additional, and Lundgren, E., additional

Published
2014
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42. Dissociative adsorption of hydrogen on PdO(101) studied by HRCLS and DFT

Author

Martin, N. M., Van Den Bossche, M., Grönbeck, H., Hakanoglu, C., Gustafson, J., Blomberg, S., Arman, M. A., Antony, A., Rai, R., Asthagiri, A., Weaver, J. F., Lundgren, E., Martin, N. M., Van Den Bossche, M., Grönbeck, H., Hakanoglu, C., Gustafson, J., Blomberg, S., Arman, M. A., Antony, A., Rai, R., Asthagiri, A., Weaver, J. F., and Lundgren, E.

Published
2013

47. Dissociative Adsorption of Hydrogen on PdO(101) Studied by HRCLS and DFT

Author

Martin, N. M., primary, Van den Bossche, M., additional, Grönbeck, H., additional, Hakanoglu, C., additional, Gustafson, J., additional, Blomberg, S., additional, Arman, M. A., additional, Antony, A., additional, Rai, R., additional, Asthagiri, A., additional, Weaver, J. F., additional, and Lundgren, E., additional

Published
2013
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50. The SPIRAL radioactive ion beam facility

Author

Alamanos, N., Blumenfeld, Y., Doubre, H., Guillemaud-Mueller, D., Mueller, A.C., Schultz, N., Schutz, Y., Steckmeyer, J.C., Thibaud, J.P., Toulemonde, M., Anne, R., Baron, E., Bertrand, P., Bibet, D., Bieth, C., Bourgarel, M.P., Bricault, P., Bru, B., Chabert, A., Duval, M., Joubert, A., Leroy, R., Ricaud, C., Sortais, P., Van Den Bossche, M., Fermé, J., Fernandez, B., Guerreau, D., Walter, G., Belmont, J.L., Gouttefangeas, M., Promé, M., Ryckewaert, G., Bajard, M., Bex, L., Bisch, M., Bourgoin, Y., Chamoin, G., Clapier, F., Di Giacomo, M., Daudin, F., Dolegieviez, P., Dufour, M., Duguay, G., Faure, J., Huguet, Y., Laisné, A., Lecomte, P., Lemaitre, M., Lewitowicz, M., Liang, C.F., Loiselet, M., Luong, T.T., Obert, J., Ozille, M., Paris, M., Putaux, J.C., Ripouteau, F., Saint-Laurent, M.G., De Saint Simon, M., Tkatchenko, A., Tousset, G., Tribouillard, C., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Recherches Subatomiques (DRS-IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche Ions Lasers (CIRIL), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GANIL, SPIRAL, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

This document describes the scientific goals as well as the technical choices of the SPIRAL project (Système de Production d'Ions Radioactifs et d'Accélération en Ligne).

Published
1994

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