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3 results on '"vanb genes"'

1. Detection of mec A,van A and van B genes of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Patients in Al Muthanna Province Hospitals.

Author

Aubaid, Adnan H., Mahdi, Ziadoon H., Abd-Alraoof, Tabarek S., and Jabbar, Noor M.

Subjects
METHICILLIN-resistant staphylococcus aureus, STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus, ENTEROCOCCAL infections, GENES
Abstract

Background: Infections triggered by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and onset Resistance to significant anxiety in healthcare environments worldwide from vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA).. Aim:To discover Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methacillin and vancomycin by detecting (Mec A,Van A and Van B) genes by PCR technique. Methods: A total of 250 samples from patients with different clinical cases whom admitted to Hospitals in Al Muthanna province during a period from January 2019 to July 2019. Staphylococcus aureus were isolated and identified by using cultural and biochemical testes.The extracted DNA of isolates were amplified by PCR to detect (mecA, vanA, and vanB) genes. Results: The results showed that 72/ 250 of Staphylococcus aureus isolates contained mecA gene, indicating that all isolates are Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), only five isolates contained van A gene and only nine isolates contained van B gene. Conclusion: Appropriate monitoring and control measures appear to be crucial to avoid the development and transmission of MRSA and VRSA strains in our nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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2. Identification and characterization of enterococci from bryndza cheese.

Author

Jurkovič, D., Križkov, L., Dušinsk, R., Belicov, A., Sojka, M., Krajčovič, J., and Ebringer, L.

Subjects
*ENTEROCOCCUS, *SHEEP milk, *VANCOMYCIN resistance, *MICROBIAL virulence, *GENETICS, *BACTERIA
Abstract

Aims: To identify enterococci isolated from sheep milk cheese – bryndza, and to compare differences in the composition of enterococcal microflora affected by the season, and to evaluate the potential presence of vancomycin resistance and virulence determinants. Methods and Results: Bacterial strains were isolated during analysis of bryndza cheese and identified on the genus and species level by phenotypic methods and with commercial biochemical sets. The identification of the species, Enterococcus faecium, Ent. durans and Ent. faecalis, was confirmed by PCR using species-specific primers for ddl genes. PCR was also used for assessment of presence of vanA and vanB genes and virulence determinants gelE, agg and cytolysin genes namely: cylL L, cylL S, cylM, cylB and cylA. Among 308 Enterococcus sp. strains, 177 isolates were proved to be Ent. faecium, 59 to be Ent. durans and 41 to be Ent. faecalis. Vancomycin resistance genes vanA and vanB were not detected. Agar plate testing confirmed their absence. Gene gelE, however, was found in 20 Ent. faecalis isolates, but only 13 of them showed gelatinase-positive phenotype. Seven isolates had five cytolysin genes, but none of the isolates exhibited a positive haemolytic phenotype. Four isolates possessed the agg gene. The prevalence of Ent. faecium species was highest in samples from the winter season harvest. Conclusions: Ent. faecium is the dominant enterococcal species in bryndza cheese and the most prevalent in the winter season product. None of the Enterococcus sp. strains was proved to have vanA or vanB genes and the vancomycin resistance. Significance and Impact of the Study: To our knowledge, this is the first report of enterococcal microflora in bryndza cheese and its evaluation for the presence of vanA and vanB genes as well as virulence determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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3. Vancomycin resistance plasmids affect persistence of Enterococcus faecium in water

Author

Young, Suzanne, Rohr, Jason R., and Harwood, Valerie J.

Subjects
antibiotic resistance, fitness cost, united-states, in-vitro, vancomycin resistant enterococci, survival, water quality, fitness costs, virulence, antibiotic-resistance, glycopeptide resistance, vanb genes, bacteria, enterococcus faecium, biological cost
Abstract

Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) cause 20,000 infections annually in the United States, most of which are nosocomial. Recent findings of VRE in sewage-contaminated surface waters demonstrate an alternate route of human exposure, and a possible setting for horizontal gene exchange facilitated by plasmids and other mobile genetic elements. Maintenance of antibiotic resistance genes and proteins may, however, present a fitness cost in the absence of selective pressure, particularly in habitats such as environmental waters that are not optimal for gut-associated bacteria. Nutrient levels, which are transiently elevated following sewage spills, may also affect survival. We tested the hypotheses that nutrients and/or plasmids conferring vancomycin resistance affect Enterococcus faecium survival in river water by measuring decay of strains that differed only by their plasmid, under natural and augmented nutrient conditions. In natural river water, decay rate (logio reduction) correlated directly with plasmid size; however, plasmid presence and size had no effect on decay rate when nutrients levels were augmented. Under natural nutrient levels, the vancomycin-resistant strain with the largest plasmid (200 kb) decayed significantly more rapidly than the plasmid-less, susceptible parent strain, in contrast to similar decay rates among strains under augmented nutrient conditions. This work is among the first to show that plasmids conferring antibiotic resistance affect fitness of Enterococcus species in secondary habitats such as surface water. The nutrient-dependent nature of the fitness cost suggests that conveyance of VRE to environmental waters in nutrient-rich sewage may prolong survival of these pathogens, providing greater opportunity for host infection and/or horizontal gene transfer. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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