3,279 results on '"vegetable crops"'
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2. Irrigation methods suitable for vegetable crops cultivation in sodic soil with alkaline irrigation water.
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Selvamurugan, M., Balasubramaniam, P., Baskar, M., Alagesan, A., and Kaledhonkar, M. J.
- Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to investigate suitable irrigation methods for cultivating four types of vegetable crops in sodic soil with alkaline irrigation water. The experiment employed a split-plot design, with drip, sprinkler, and furrow irrigation methods applied to main plots, while the cultivation of cluster beans, bhendi, vegetable cowpeas, and onions took place in subplots. Both drip and sprinkler irrigations proved more efficient than furrow irrigation, resulting in significant yield increases. Specifically, drip irrigation led to yields of 4120, 5160, 9264, and 4019 kg ha
−1 for cluster beans, bhendi, vegetable cowpeas, and onions, respectively, in sodic soil with alkaline irrigation water. This represented a yield increase of 43%, 34%, 71%, and 49%, respectively, compared to furrow irrigation. Post-harvest soil samples were collected and analyzed to assess the impact of irrigation methods on soil sodicity, revealing substantial reductions in electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium percentage with drip irrigation. Additionally, drip irrigation was found to be effective in mitigating soil sodicity compared to sprinkler and furrow irrigation methods. The study also identified sodicity build-up as a critical factor influencing soil microbial populations and enzyme activities in sodic soil and alkaline irrigation water environments. Consequently, based on these findings, drip irrigation is recommended as the preferred method for cultivating vegetable crops in such environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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3. The effect of thermovermiculite on the early stages of vegetable growth and development
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Maria A. Yartseva, Irina P. Kremenetskaya, Lyubov A. Ivanova, and Marina V. Slukovskaya
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vermiculite ,ontogenesis ,vegetable crops ,sprouting ,germination ,subarctic ,murmansk region ,Agriculture - Abstract
Laboratory experiments on the use of expanded vermiculite for seed germination of five vegetable plant species promising for cultivation in the Kola Subarctic (Beta vulgarisL.,Brassica oleraceaL.,Brassica oleraceaL. var.botrytisL.,Brassica rapaL. Chinese Cabbage Group,Lactuca sativaL.) were carried out. The research used two types of substrates from Kovdor vermiculite differing in firing conditions; agricultural soil was used as acontrol. Plant growth and development at the juvenile stage of ontogenesis differed significantly (p0.005) for three variants of the experiment. The best results were obtained in the variants with the use of vermiculite substrates, which promoted more intensive seed germination, growth of shoots and roots in seedlings of all five vegetable crops, compared to the control (soil). Significant differences in accumulation of green biomass by seedlings were observed only in the experiment with beetroot. In the other four species, the difference in seedling weight was insignificant. New type of thermovermiculite(TV2-H), obtained by firing in an innovative furnace of A.I. Nizhegorodovs design, had amore pronounced positive effect on seed germination, seedling growth and root length of the studied species of vegetable crops, compared with Vipon-2 thermovermiculite. TV2-H thermovermiculite can be recommended for the use in crop production for germination of vegetable seeds.
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- 2024
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4. Selection for immunity in FSBSI FSVC – history and modernity
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I. A. Engalycheva, Е. G. Kozar, and A. A. Ushakov
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sustainability ,vegetable crops ,phytomonitoring ,phytopathogens ,plant protection ,variety ,Agriculture - Abstract
Relevance. Maintaining the phytosanitary condition of vegetable and melon crops is an important component in the technologies of cultivation of new and promising varieties and hybrids, since losses from diseases of various etiologies reach 30% or more. This determines the need for immunological studies of the resistance of vegetable and melon crops to phytopathogens of various etiologies, where the basis of the strategy for creating new varieties and hybrids is the joint work of a breeder and a phytopathologist. To do this, it is important to conduct an annual study of the species composition in order to identify new harmful objects that have a negative impact on the profitability of production, as well as to develop measures to protect vegetable crops from the most harmful and economically significant pests and diseases.Methodology and Results. The extensive experimental network of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVC) in various ecological and geographical zones allows testing varieties and hybrids of vegetable and melon crops in various soil and climatic conditions, including evaluating them for the most harmful phytopathogens in these regions. This review article briefly highlights the main stages of the history of development and current trends in phytopathological research in Russia and our center. The most significant achievements of scientists of the FSBSI FSVC are presented, aimed at a comprehensive study of the current state of populations of pathogens on vegetable and melon crops, resistance factors controlling the interaction of organisms in pathosystems, including genetic ones, optimization and development of new methodological approaches in breeding for immunity and scientific justification of recommended modern protection systems.
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- 2024
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5. On the anniversary of the breeder Grigory Fedorovich Monakhos
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K. U. Kurkiev, S. G. Monakhos, and E. K. Khlestkina
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brassica ,hybrid breeding ,cabbage ,vegetable crops ,disease resistance ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
On March 20, 2024, an outstanding Russian breeder Grigory Fedorovich Monakhos, Head of a scientific school in the field of vegetable breeding, turned 70 years old. The labor, scientific and pedagogical activities of Grigory Fedorovich for more than forty years have been associated with «Timiryazevka” – the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. Grigory Fedorovich is the author/co-author of more than 70 hybrids of vegetable crops, of which more than 40 are of white cabbage. In his breeding work, G.F. Monakhos paid the greatest attention to the most complex aspects: the genetic resistance of plants to phytopathogens and pests. Under his leadership, 18 candidates of science defended their theses. G.F. Monakhos is a co-author of more than 130 publications, including a textbook and educational manuals. Grigory Fedorovich is a member of the editorial boards of scientific journals “Izvestiya of Timiryazev Agricultural Academy” and “Potato and Vegetables”.
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- 2024
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6. Advancements in Molecular Mechanism Research on Bolting Traits in Vegetable Crops.
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Tan, Guo-Fei, Luo, Qing, Zhu, Shun-Hua, Zhong, Xiu-Lai, Meng, Ping-Hong, Li, Meng-Yao, Chen, Zhi-Feng, and Xiong, Ai-Sheng
- Subjects
PRODUCTION losses ,PHYSIOLOGY ,CABBAGE ,VEGETABLES ,VERNALIZATION - Abstract
Bolting and flowering of vegetables are induced by vernalization in their early growth stage. This phenomenon is called premature bolting, and it has caused massive losses in production of vegetables such as cabbage, celery, carrot, radish, and spinach, etc. This review aimed to summarize studies on bolting and flowering pathways, physiological and biochemical changes, and underlined molecular mechanisms of various vegetable crop bolting involving genome and transcriptome analysis, and its association with vegetable breeding. This review could provide basic knowledge to carry out research on vegetable genetics and breeding and vegetable cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Influence of Different Vegetable Plants on the Population Density of some Piercing-Sucking Insect pests.
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Ata, T. E.
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GREEN peach aphid ,COTTON aphid ,INSECT pests ,CROPS ,INSECT host plants ,CUCUMBERS - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Plant Protection & Pathology is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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8. Pantoea agglomerans, a Soft Rot Causing Bacterial Pathogen of Solanaceae Crops in Iraq.
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OBAYES, HAYDER KHUDHUR and AHMED, FIRAS ALI
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NUCLEOTIDE sequencing ,GREENHOUSE plants ,CROPS ,GRAM-negative bacteria ,ORNAMENTAL plants ,SOLANACEAE ,PEPPERS ,TOMATOES ,BACTERIAL wilt diseases - Abstract
Crops of the Solanaceae family are essential crops in the human diet and are grown worldwide. They are infected by many pathogens, which can cause various diseases, the most important of which is bacterial soft rot, which is considered among the most critical and complex diseases due to its economic importance in the field and storage. Pantoea agglomerans, formerly Enterobacter agglomerans, are among the most common bacterial pathogens. It infects a wide range of crops and plants with various diseases, including bacterial soft rot of onion, Chinese cabbage, and Chinese yam and wilt, gall, and blight diseases in other crops. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on samples collected from greenhouse crops of tomato and pepper. In addition to those obtained from local markets, which showed soft rot symptoms, five isolates were identified to cause soft rot disease. Isolate Pa3 outperformed the rest of the isolates in terms of speed of symptom appearance and severity of virulence. The isolate tested negative for Gram stain but tested positive for KOH, catalase, gelatin liquefaction, oxidation-fermentation, and motility tests. It was negative for indole production and oxidation tests based on biochemical analyses. Nucleotide sequence analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA result confirmed a 100% similarity rate and was registered in NCBI under the accession number (OR690734). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Use of processed grape pomace and whey bio ferment to improve the agronomic performance of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) in arid soils.
- Author
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Ccacyancco-Cáceres, Eva, Sarmiento-Sarmiento, Guido, and Mena-Chacón, Laydy
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ROOT crops , *ARID soils , *ARID regions , *CROP development , *IRRIGATION water - Abstract
Agro-industrial wastes representing a significant problem can be revalued as biofertilizers. The present paper aims to determine the effect of processed grapevine pomace (PGP) and whey bio-ferment (WB) on radish cultivation under conditions of arid zone soil. A 3x3 factorial arrangement of completely randomized design was used, with three levels of PGP (0, 1.25, and 2.50 g kg-1 soil applied in total dose before planting) and three levels of WB (0, 50, and 100 mL L-1 applied in irrigation water). Radish leaves were evaluated for length and chlorophyll; root dry matter content, length, diameter, weight, and total soluble solids (TSS) were measured; organic matter (OM), N, P, K, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) was determined in the soil. Specific differences in means were determined by the LSD-Fisher method applied after analysis of variance (ANOVA); the significance of differences was defined at P<0.05. The most remarkable result to emerge from the data is that using PGP and WB improved soil attributes and promoted crop development. Specifically, the higher the PGP dose, the greater the benefits; in the case of WB, the dose of 50 mL L-1 showed the best results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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10. Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi May Improve Soil Fertility and the Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Physiological Performance of Batavia Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia) Plants.
- Author
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Chatzistathis, Theocharis, Zoukidis, Konstantinos, Vasilikiotis, Christos, Apostolidis, Antonios, Giannakoula, Anastasia E., Bountla, Areti, and Chatziathanasiadis, Apostolos
- Subjects
LETTUCE ,VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas ,SOIL fertility ,NUTRIENT uptake ,SOIL respiration ,SOIL quality - Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was realized to investigate the effects of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on soil quality and the growth, nutrient uptake, and physiological performance of Batavia lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia). For this purpose, six fertilization treatments were applied: (i) inorganic fertilization (I.F.—control, i.e., usual/conventional fertilization), (ii) I.F. + PGPR, (iii) I.F. + PGPR + AMF, (iv) manure (MAN), (v) MAN + PGPR, and (vi) MAN + PGPR + AMF. Soil fertility was influenced by the treatments, and soil respiration (CO
2 flux) was significantly increased after applications of PGPR and AMF. Following MAN fertilization in particular, an approximately sixfold higher soil respiration value was recorded following the MAN + PGPR + AMF treatment compared to the control (I.F.). Root, leaf, and total biomass dry weights were significantly affected by the PGPR and AMF applications, mainly following the I.F. treatment. In contrast, K, Mg, and Fe uptake was significantly influenced by PGPR and AMF application following the MAN treatment. The SPAD value, performance index (PI), photosynthetic rate, and stomatal conductance were significantly higher in the I.F. + PGPR + AMF-treated plants compared to the control plants. Overall, these data prove the beneficial roles of PGPR and AMF in soil quality and fertility and the nutrient uptake and physiological performance of lettuce plants. However, further clarification is needed in the near future to test the interaction effects between PGPR, AMF, and the type of fertilizer used (organic or inorganic). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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11. Effect of Sowing Dates in Cucumber on Incidence of Thrips tabaci (Lindeman)
- Author
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Wahsh, Ahmed M, Awadalla, Samir S, El-Serfi, Hala A K, and El-Hariry, Magdy A
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- 2024
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12. Automatic Irrigation Based on Soil Moisture for Vegetable Crops
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Rafael Muñoz-Carpena, Michael D. Dukes, and Bernard Cárdenas
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automatic irrigation ,soil moisture ,vegetable crops ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Improving irrigation efficiency can contribute greatly to reducing production costs of vegetables, making the industry more competitive and sustainable. This publication is intended to help growers to conserve water through the use of soil moisture sensors. Written by Rafael Muñoz-Carpena, Michael D. Dukes, and Bernard Cardenas, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, revised August 2024.
- Published
- 2024
13. Ultra-high-resolution hyperspectral imagery datasets for precision agriculture applications
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Vamshi Krishna Munipalle, Usha Rani Nelakuditi, Manohar Kumar C.V.S.S., and Rama Rao Nidamanuri
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Precision agriculture ,Hyperspectral imaging ,Crop detection ,Vegetable crops ,Machine learning ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Technology infusion in agriculture has been progressing steadily, touching upon various spheres of agriculture such as crop identification, soil classification, yield prediction, disease detection, and weed-crop discrimination. On-demand crop type detection, often realized as crop mapping, is a primary requirement in agriculture. Alongside the topographic LiDAR and thermal imaging, hyperspectral remote sensing is a versatile technique for mapping and predicting various parameters of interest in agriculture. The ongoing developments in the methods and algorithms of remote sensing data analyses for crop mapping require the availability of curated, high-resolution hyperspectral datasets, varied by crop type, nutrient supply (nitrogen level), and ground truth data. Aimed at enabling the development and validation of approaches for crop mapping at the plant level, we present a high-resolution ground-based hyperspectral imaging dataset acquired over fields of two vegetable crops (cabbage, eggplant). These crops were grown on experimental plots of the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India, maintaining three different nitrogen levels (high, medium, and low). The datasets contain hyperspectral imagery of the vegetable crops grown under two configurations: (i) imagery, which contains only a single crop type in a scene, and (ii) imagery, which contains both crops in a single scene. In both configurations, each crop has plots representing three different nitrogen levels. Ultra-high spatial resolution hyperspectral imaging data were acquired in 400 to 900 nm with an effective spectral resolution of 3 nm and spatial resolution of 3 mm using a ground-based push-broom hyperspectral imaging system (Headwall Photonics, USA). Ground truth data were also presented. The datasets are valuable for developing and validating various methods and algorithms for precision agriculture applications, such as machine learning methods for crop mapping at plants and estimating crop growth responses to different nitrogen levels.
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- 2024
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14. Identification, Detection, and Management of Geminiviruses as Biotic Stress of Vegetable Crops
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Jain, Khushboo, Tailor, Shalini, Malik, Ayushi, Suthar, Mayank, Nehra, Chitra, Gaur, Rajarshi, Meena, Mukesh, Marwal, Avinash, Shahid, Muhammad, editor, and Gaur, Rajarshi, editor
- Published
- 2024
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15. Opportunistic Fungi, Plant, and Nematode Interactions in Vegetable Crops
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Kashyap, Deeksha, Parveen, Aiman, Khan, Masudulla, Ahamad, Lukman, and Akhtar, Mohd. Sayeed, editor
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- 2024
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16. Sweet Corn-Bell Pepper System
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Ahmed, Mukhtar, Ahmad, Shakeel, Abbas, Ghulam, Hussain, Sajjad, Hoogenboom, Gerrit, Ahmed, Mukhtar, Ahmad, Shakeel, Abbas, Ghulam, Hussain, Sajjad, and Hoogenboom, Gerrit
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- 2024
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17. Genetic Diversity Assessment in Vegetable Crops
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Shankar, Bandi Arpitha, Kaushik, Prashant, Ramawat, Kishan Gopal, Series Editor, Al-Khayri, Jameel M, editor, Jain, Shri Mohan, editor, and Penna, Suprasanna, editor
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- 2024
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18. Study of the Impact of Irrigation with Wastewater Through the Evaluation of Intestinal Parasite Load in the Case of Ouad Rha in Ouazzane, a Northern Moroccan City
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Chriqui, Ahmed, Mouniane, Yassine, Arabi, Rida, El-Khadir, Issam, Benchrifa, Mohammed, Mabrouki, Jamal, Keridou, Ali, Hmouni, Driss, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Mabrouki, Jamal, editor, and Azrour, Mourade, editor
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- 2024
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19. Bacillus subtilis-Mediated Induction of Disease Resistance and Promotion of Plant Growth of Vegetable Crops
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Kumar, Sumit, Anjali, Arutselvan, R., Masurkar, Prahlad, Singh, Udai B., Tripathi, Ruchi, Bhupenchandra, Ingudam, Minkina, Tatiana, Keswani, Chetan, Arora, Naveen Kumar, Series Editor, Mageshwaran, Vellaichamy, editor, Singh, Udai B., editor, Saxena, Anil K., editor, and Singh, Harikesh Bahadur, editor
- Published
- 2024
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20. Morphological and molecular characterization of cryptic and invasive thrips species in Central India
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Sharma, Manish, Sridhar, Jandrajupalli, Akanand, Dhimar, Sivalingam, PN, and Bhowmick, AK
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- 2024
- Full Text
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21. Foliar smoke-water application improves growth and changes the leaf mineral composition of radish, spinach and turnip seedlings.
- Author
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Gupta, Shubhpriya, Kulkarni, Manoj, Doležalova, Ivana, Novák, Ondřej, Van Staden, Johannes, and Doležal, Karel
- Subjects
- *
RADISHES , *COMPOSITION of leaves , *SPINACH , *SEEDLINGS , *NATIVE element minerals ,LEAF growth - Abstract
• Smoke–water (1:2500 v/v) foliar application was tested on radish, spinach and turnip seedlings. • Essential mineral elements were determined in the leaves of seedlings of these vegetables. • Smoke–water significantly stimulated the length and weight of seedlings of examined vegetables. • Potassium and zinc levels were markedly improved in leaves with smoke–water. • Smoke–water, a promising technology for growing vigorous vegetable seedlings. Smoke–water, a smoke-saturated solution derived from the smoke generated by burning plant materials, promotes seed germination and growth of various plant species. There are many reported studies where seeds are treated and soils are drenched with smoke–water to explore the beneficial effects of smoke. However, little information is available on the influence of foliar spraying of smoke–water on the seedlings of commercial vegetable crops for better growth prospects. This study, therefore, investigated the effects of standardized smoke–water (1:2500 v/v) foliar application on the seedling growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and turnip (Brassica rapa L.), and determined the mineral elemental composition of leaves. Smoke–water foliar treatment significantly enhanced the length and weight of seedlings compared to the seedlings sprayed with water (control). Mineral elements, potassium and zinc, were increased notably in the leaves of all smoke–water foliar-treated seedlings. This can be attributed to increased photosynthetic activity that resulted in longer and heavier seedlings. The results of the present study provide an opportunity to incorporate the use of smoke–water for raising vigorous and healthier vegetable seedlings for better yield. Moreover, it can minimize the input of conventional chemical sprays that are detrimental to the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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22. Forecasting carrot yield with optimal timing of Sentinel 2 image acquisition.
- Author
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Suarez, L. A., Robertson-Dean, M., Brinkhoff, J., and Robson, A.
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CARROTS , *FORECASTING , *AGRICULTURE , *FARMERS , *REMOTE-sensing images , *TIME series analysis - Abstract
Accurate, non-destructive forecasting of carrot yield is difficult due to its subterranean growing habit. Furthermore, the timing of forecasting usually occurs when the crop is mature, limiting the opportunity to implement alternative management decisions to improve yield (during the growing season). This study aims to improve the accuracy of carrot yield forecasting by exploring time series and multivariate approaches. Using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery in three Australian vegetable regions, we established a time series of carrot phenological stages (PhS) from 'days after sowing' (DAS) to enhance prediction timing. Numerous vegetation indices (VIs) were analyzed to derive temporal growth patterns. Correlations with yield at different PhS were established. Although the average root yield (t ha−1) did not significantly differ across the regions, the temporal VI signatures, indicating different regional crop growth trends, did vary as well as the PhS at when the maximum correlation with yield occurred ( P h S R 2 max ) with two of the regions producing a delayed P h S R 2 max (i.e. 90–130 DAS). The best multivariate model was identified at 70 DAS, extending the forecasting window before harvest between 20 to 60 days. The performance of this model was validated with new crops producing an average error of 16.9 t ha−1 (27% of total yield). These results demonstrate the potential of the model at such early stage under varying growing conditions offering growers and stakeholders the chance to optimize farming practices, make informed decisions on selling, harvesting, and labor planning, and adopt precision agriculture methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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23. Phytotoxicity Assessment of Different Animal Manure on Selected Vegetable Crops in Kashere Community, Gombe State, Nigeria.
- Author
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BELLO, M. S. and KOLAWOLE, O. S.
- Abstract
The present study evaluated the phytotoxicity effect of poultry, goat and cow manure on Okra, Tomato and Pepper vegetables using appropriate standard methods. In the current study, of the three different manure collected and used on the three vegetable crops, GI value of <50% was recorded on Okra and Pepper seeds mounted on PM medium (48.51% and 41.36% respectively), GI value of between 50% and 80% was recorded on Okra, Tomato and Pepper seeds mounted on GM medium (64.76%, 79.77% and 73.70% respectively) also Pepper seeds mounted on CM medium (76.48%) and Tomato seeds mounted on PM medium (75.41%) while GI Value of >80% was observed on Okra and Tomato Seeds mounted on a CM medium (81.63% and 94.10% respectively). Overall result of all the animal manure evaluated, poultry manures was phytotoxic on okra and pepper seed and moderately phytotoxic on Tomato seed based on the plant bioassay evaluated. It is possible that other chemicals that were not analyzed in this study could potentially be responsible for the phytotoxic effects of poultry manure on the vegetable seeds, indicating that some curing in the form of composting or vermicomposting may be necessary to degrade or reduce the presence of phytotoxic compounds in the poultry manure used for the study before use as soil amendments and thus would help to render the resultant end product environmentally safer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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24. Optimizing the Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Vegetable Crops.
- Author
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Valenzuela, Hector
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MONOCULTURE agriculture ,CROPPING systems ,CROPS ,CONSERVATION tillage ,CROP rotation ,GREENHOUSE gases - Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the most limiting nutrient for the production of vegetable crops, but anthropogenic sources pose risks due to its transformation into several reactive forms and movement throughout the environment. The bulk of the N research to date to improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) has followed a reductionist factorial approach focused on synthetic N application rates and crop growth response, under monocultures. The increased adoption of diversified cropping systems, organic N sources, and alternative management practices makes it more challenging to unravel N form transformation, movement, and crop uptake dynamics, in time and space. Here, based on a selected review of the recent literature, we propose a holistic approach of nutrient management to highlight key management and production variables as well as multilevel cropping system, genetic, environmental, ecological, and socioeconomic interactions to improve the N cycle and NUE. The best management strategies to improve NUE include both organic and inorganic N rate calibration studies, germplasm selection, crop rotations, identification of nutrient x nutrient interactions, and pest and water management. Agroecological practices that may improve NUE include vegetational diversification in time and space, integrated crop–livestock systems, conservation tillage, organic amendment inputs, legume-based cropping systems, as well as a landscape approach to nutrient management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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25. Diptera Pests Occurring on Vegetable Crops in Poland
- Author
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Szwejda Jerzy Henryk
- Subjects
drosophilidae ,fanniidae ,heleomyzidae ,muscidae ,syrphidae ,tachinidae ,vegetable crops ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
In Poland, the share of Diptera in the species composition of the harmful entomofauna occurring on vegetable crops ranges from 20 to 25%. They occur on all vegetables grown in Poland (over 80 species and botanical varieties). Since the systematic registration of pests inhabiting crops in Poland in 1919, over 70 species of flies have been listed as pests of vegetable plants. Species from three families dominate in terms of population and numbers: Anthomyiidae with 12 species (Delia radicum, on early and late cultivars of cruciferous vegetables, mainly broccoli, cauliflower, white cabbage, kohlrabi, and radishes; Delia platura occurs annually on bean and cucumber; Delia antiqua on onion and garlic; and Pegomya hyoscyami on beetroot), Cecidomyiidae with 10 species (two species dominate, Contarinia nasturtii and Dasineura napi, on cruciferous vegetables), and Agromyzidae with 23 species (Liriomyza bryoniae on cucumbers, tomatoes, and peppers, and Phytomyza gymnostoma on leeks). Short-term, gradational occurrence of some dominant species was found, including Botanophila gnava (lettuce), Chamaepsila rosae (carrot, parsley), Delia platura (asparagus, bean), Delia radicum (broccoli, cauliflower, kohlrabi, radishes, white cabbage), Phytomyza gymnostoma (leek), Oscinella frit (corn), and Suillia lurida (garlic). However, they did not affect the level of plant production in the following years of cultivation. Apart from phytophagous species, taxa with a different trophic structure are common. These are copro-, necro-, sapro-, and zoophagous species. The most numerous were flies from the Drosophilidae family (Drosophila busckii, Drosophila limbata, Scaptomyza pallida, Fanniidae (Fannia canicularis, Fannia scalaris), Heleomyzidae (Tephrochlamys tarsalis), and Muscidae (Muscina levida, Muscina stabulans, Phaonia trimaculata). Natural enemies of insects play an important role in vegetable agrocenoses. Species belonging to the order of Coleoptera beetles (Carabidae and Staphylinidae), Syrphidae, Tachinidae, and Muscidae, mainly Phaonia trimaculata larvae, play the most important role in reducing the number of Diptera. In addition, the number of phytophages is limited by other organisms, e.g., Diplopoda, Nematoda, Arachnida, and pathogens of viral, bacterial, and fungal origin.
- Published
- 2023
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26. Report of Phytophthora capsici (mating type A1) isolates associated with crown‐rot disease of Capsicum annuum in Guatemala.
- Author
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Gonçalves‐Pereira, Débora, Fonseca, Maria Esther N., Boiteux, Leonardo S., Veloso, Josiene S., Fontes, Maria Geane, Sierra, Alvaro Javier Rodas, Relevante‐Belagantol, Cherry, and Reis, Ailton
- Subjects
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CAPSICUM annuum , *PHYTOPHTHORA capsici , *MITOCHONDRIAL DNA , *SWEET peppers , *SOLANUM , *FIELD research - Abstract
Wilting and crown‐rot symptoms were observed in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants in field surveys carried out in 2021 across major vegetable‐producing areas of three municipalities of Guatemala. Phytophthora capsici (Peronosporales, Peronosporaceae) isolates were identified in association with these symptoms based upon morphological and phylogenetic analyses using nucleotide sequence information of the Cox2 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) region. Biological tests confirmed P. capsici mating type A1 isolates as the causal agents of the disease. Symptoms similar to those observed in the field were obtained after controlled inoculation of C. annuum 'Tico' seedlings. Solanum habrochaites 'LA 404' and C. annuum 'Criollo de Morelos' displayed strong resistance reaction against all Guatemalan isolates. Even though P. capsici is a cosmopolitan pathogen, this is the first molecular confirmation of this pathogen infecting C. annuum in Guatemala. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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27. Recent advances in development and utilization of double haploids (DHs) in economically important vegetable crops.
- Author
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Thakur, Palvi, Kumari, Neha, Kumar, Abhishek, Sharma, Pratibha, and Chadha, Sanjay
- Abstract
Vegetable crops are important source of different nutrients and become a keystone in the balanced diets of every household by increasing the health status of people. With the problem of increasing population and more requirement of food, there is an enormous need of model breeding which speed up the breeding process of vegetable crops. It becomes an endless demand to produce hybrid varieties of vegetables which have high yield, desirable horticultural traits as well as resistance towards biotic and abiotic stress. A conventional method of breeding for improvement of crops takes many years (6–7) and is very tedious process. However, researchers are now working to discover different methods which ultimately shorten the breeding procedure. Among the biotechnological tools, Double Haploid (DH) technology is a new approach which provides the opportunity to develop stable inbred lines with 100% homozygosity at a commercial level by shortening the time period. Molecular markers and different genome editing techniques plays a great role in the determination and production of DHs lines within one year. Recently numerous work has been done in vegetable crops for the induction of DHs which we will discussed in brief in this manuscript.Key message: Double Haploid (DH) technology stands out as a transformative advancement, facilitating the rapid cultivation of stable and 100% homozygous inbred lines featuring sought-after traits. Additionally, genome editing, particularly through CRISPR/Cas9, has elevated double haploid production by optimizing genes associated with haploid induction and spontaneous chromosomal doubling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. 不同种植设施背景蔬菜作物无人机高光谱精细分类.
- Author
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胡顺石, 杨斌, 黄英, 岑奕, and 戚文超
- Subjects
GREENHOUSES ,CROPS ,MULCHING ,VEGETABLES ,CLASSIFICATION - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Advance Research on the Pre-Harvest Sprouting Trait in Vegetable Crop Seeds.
- Author
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Qu, Yixin, Zhang, Yaqi, Zhang, Zhongren, Fan, Shanshan, Qi, Yu, Wang, Fang, Wang, Mingqi, Feng, Min, Liu, Xingwang, and Ren, Huazhong
- Subjects
- *
SEED crops , *FOOD crops , *GERMINATION , *SEED yield , *FRUIT quality , *VEGETABLES - Abstract
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS), the germination of seeds on the plant prior to harvest, poses significant challenges to agriculture. It not only reduces seed and grain yield, but also impairs the commodity quality of the fruit, ultimately affecting the success of the subsequent crop cycle. A deeper understanding of PHS is essential for guiding future breeding strategies, mitigating its impact on seed production rates and the commercial quality of fruits. PHS is a complex phenomenon influenced by genetic, physiological, and environmental factors. Many of these factors exert their influence on PHS through the intricate regulation of plant hormones responsible for seed germination. While numerous genes related to PHS have been identified in food crops, the study of PHS in vegetable crops is still in its early stages. This review delves into the regulatory elements, functional genes, and recent research developments related to PHS in vegetable crops. Meanwhile, this paper presents a novel understanding of PHS, aiming to serve as a reference for the study of this trait in vegetable crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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30. Viruses and Phytoplasma Reported on the Most Important Vegetable Crops in Syria: A Review.
- Author
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Ismaeil, Faiz, Mando, Jamal, Alkhalaf, Mohammed, and Kumari, Safaa G.
- Subjects
GREEN bean ,VEGETABLES ,SWEET potatoes ,CROPS ,VEGETABLE farming ,OKRA ,EGGPLANT ,FARMERS ,CUCURBITACEAE - Abstract
Copyright of Arab Journal of Plant Protection is the property of Arab Society for Plant Protection and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Polymer Gel Substrate: Synthesis and Application in the Intensive Light Artificial Culture of Agricultural Plants.
- Author
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Panova, Gayane G., Krasnopeeva, Elena L., Laishevkina, Svetlana G., Kuleshova, Tatiana E., Udalova, Olga R., Khomyakov, Yuriy V., Mirskaya, Galina V., Vertebny, Vitaly E., Zhuravleva, Anna S., Shevchenko, Natalia N., and Yakimansky, Alexander V.
- Subjects
COPOLYMERIZATION ,METHACRYLATES ,LIPID peroxidation (Biology) ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,CATALASE ,PLANT growing media - Abstract
This work is devoted to the description of the synthesis of hydrogels in the process of cryotropic gel formation based on copolymerization of synthesized potassium 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (SPMA-co-HEMA) and assessing the potential possibility of their use as substrates for growing plants in intensive light culture in a greenhouse. Gel substrates based on the SPMA-co-HEMA were created in two compositions, differing from each other in the presence of macro- and microelements, and their effects were studied on the plants' physiological state (content of chlorophylls a and b, activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes, intensity of lipid peroxidation, elemental compositions) at the vegetative period of their development and on the plants' growth, productivity and quality of plant production at the final stages of development. Experiments were carried out under controlled microclimate conditions. Modern and standard generally accepted methods of gels were employed (ATR-FTIR and
13 C NMR spectral studies, scanning electron microscopy, measurement of specific surface area and pore volume), as well as the methods of the physiological and chemical analysis of plants. The study demonstrated the swelling ability of the created gel substrates. Hydrogels' structure, their specific surface area, porosity, and pore volume were investigated. Using the example of representatives of leaf, fruit and root vegetable crops, the high biological activity of gel substrates was revealed throughout the vegetation period. Species specificity in the reaction of plants to the presence of gel substrates in the root-inhabited environment was revealed. Lettuce, tomato and cucumber plants were more responsive to the effect of the gel substrate, and radish plants were less responsive. At the same time, more pronounced positive changes in plant growth, quality and productivity were observed in cucumber and lettuce in the variant of gel substrates with macro- and microelements and in tomato plants in both variants of gel substrates. Further research into the mechanisms of the influence of gel substrates on plants, as well as the synthesis of new gel substrates with more pronounced properties to sorb and retain moisture is promising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Reclamation and agricultural reuse of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater treated by aerobic biological process and ozonation
- Author
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Amori, Precious Nneka, Saroj, Devendra Prakash, and Kumar, Prashant
- Subjects
Mixed industrial-domestic wastewater ,Biological wastewater treatment ,Ozone wastewater treatment ,Water reuse in agriculture ,Hydroponics ,Vegetable crops - Abstract
Pollution and increasing water demand, especially for agriculture, put severe stress on freshwater sources, and as a result, there is progressive deficit in the global water supply. In the face of growing water scarcity and droughts, integration of high water-volume and nutrient-rich industrial effluents, into the existing water management plans for agriculture, could be a viable option to mitigate water scarcity and support the agriculture sector. Suspended growth biological process (SGBP) and ozone (O3) were studied for the treatment of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater, and the effluents were used for the growth of lettuce and silverbeet in hydroponics. SGBP proved to be efficient in biodegradation of complex organic pollutants and performed optimally at 60/30-min on/off alternated aeration cycles, achieving up to 92.1, 90.6, 83.6 and 93.5% reductions in COD, BOD5, diesel oil and methylene blue (MB) dye compounds, respectively. Thanks to the aeration conditions and dissolved oxygen levels (3.21-0.32 mgDO/L) which allowed the growth and co-existence of diverse microbial strains with a wide range of metabolic pathways potential for hydrolysis and subsequent degradation of poorly biodegradable organic complexes. In addition, extended biomass acclimation (lasting up to 98-d) to the wastewater conditions allowed the proliferation and enrichment of bacterial consortia with hydrocarbon and organic complexes degrading traits. Nutrients were removed considerably, up to 88.3% TN and 83.8% PO4-P. Nitrification activity (64.1%) was uninhibited, even on transition to pulsed aeration cycles. Further treatment by ozone at a fixed doze of 250 mgO3/h and up to 60-120 min exposure time was accompanied by degradation and structural modification of complex organic compounds into lower molecular weight compounds, thus attaining up to 14.8, 45.9 and 31.8% reductions in COD, diesel oil and MB dye compounds, respectively. The reclaimed streams were analysed for metals using the ICP-MS instrument and the concentrations of all elements tested, exception of Cu, Mn and Mo, fall within the permissible range for crop irrigation. Regarding the hydroponic cultivation, compared to the control, plants that received effluents with external nutrient had a comparable aerial biomass and vegetative growth, higher photosynthetic pigments but exhibited some degree of root development impairments. This was probably due to high activity of H+ in irrigation streams, which probably promoted secondary toxicity of metals including Al3+, Mn2+, Cu2+ on plant roots. However, under pH-controlled irrigation, an improvement in root growth was observed. The biomass of plants watered with only the treated wastewater were more than 50% higher than the yield in tap water control and plants exhibited high degree of root foraging. The root concentrations of the studied metals, particularly Al, Mn, Cu and Zn were higher than the corresponding shoot concentrations, and the concentrations were considerably lower than the maximum allowable concentrations in leafy vegetables. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant positive interaction (p < 0.01) between K and other elements (Mg, Ca, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe) in plant tissues, thus indicating its role in facilitating transportation of nutrients and photo-assimilates in plant. The sequential combination of suspended growth biological process and ozonation could effectively treat complex mixed industrial and domestic wastewater and produce high-quality effluents with agricultural reuse potential. The results offer new perspectives in development of sustainable process technology that can efficiently address the problem of mixed wastewater and rising challenges of water scarcity facing humanity.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Phytotoxicity Assessment of Different Animal Manure on Selected Vegetable Crops in Kashere Community, Gombe State, Nigeria
- Author
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M. S. Bello and O. S. Kolawole
- Subjects
Phytotoxicity ,animal manures ,vegetable crops ,heavy metals ,Science - Abstract
The present study evaluated the phytotoxicity effect of poultry, goat and cow manure on Okra, Tomato and Pepper vegetables using appropriate standard methods. In the current study, of the three different manure collected and used on the three vegetable crops, GI value of 80% was observed on Okra and Tomato Seeds mounted on a CM medium (81.63% and 94.10% respectively). Overall result of all the animal manure evaluated, poultry manures was phytotoxic on okra and pepper seed and moderately phytotoxic on Tomato seed based on the plant bioassay evaluated. It is possible that other chemicals that were not analyzed in this study could potentially be responsible for the phytotoxic effects of poultry manure on the vegetable seeds, indicating that some curing in the form of composting or vermicomposting may be necessary to degrade or reduce the presence of phytotoxic compounds in the poultry manure used for the study before use as soil amendments and thus would help to render the resultant end product environmentally safer.
- Published
- 2024
34. The current state of technological support for vegetable crops production in the Russian Federation
- Author
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Ya. P. Lobachevsky, A. S. Dorokhov, and A. V. Sibirev
- Subjects
technology ,seed production ,production ,vegetable crops ,complex of machines ,need ,Agriculture - Abstract
The main limiting factor in the development of the vegetable growing industry is the low technical level of vegetable cultivation. It should be noted that many works in domestic breeding, as well as in seed production of vegetable crops, are carried out manually. The decrease in the share of Russian varieties in the market of seed material of vegetable crops is largely due to the fact that the technological level and technical equipment of most originating institutions of Russian varieties are simply not comparable with the level of modern Western European breeding and seed production centers and companies that seek to increase the supply of seed material to the Russian market. One of the significant factors in increasing the efficiency of vegetable production is the use of highly efficient agricultural machinery and equipment. At the moment, there are no machines for performing the main operations of cultivating vegetable products in Russia, and the available agricultural machines for vegetable producers are on the verge of physical wear and tear and have long ago exhausted their depreciation resource. The existing foreign analogues presented on the Russian market do not fully meet the agrotechnical requirements imposed by Russian farmers on foreign-made machines. Based on the analysis of the technical support of the vegetable growing industry in the Russian Federation, the need for commodity producers in modern hightech complexes of machines for the production of vegetable crops is economically determined based on the total sown area of vegetable crops. The results of the statistical studies carried out made it possible to assess the current state of agricultural engineering for the production of the required number of machines for vegetable growing. The increase in sown (planting) areas and the expected increase in the production of the main types of crop products against the background of a decrease in the availability of agricultural machinery contributes to an increase in the load per unit of equipment and creates risks of a decrease in the level of agricultural mechanization. Currently, low volumes of domestic seed production are associated, among other things, with the low level of technical equipment of breeding and seed-growing organizations with specialized machines and equipment.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Occurrence, diversity and community analysis of plant parasitic nematodes associated with vegetable crops
- Author
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Neog, Pranjal Pratim
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Advancements in Molecular Mechanism Research on Bolting Traits in Vegetable Crops
- Author
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Guo-Fei Tan, Qing Luo, Shun-Hua Zhu, Xiu-Lai Zhong, Ping-Hong Meng, Meng-Yao Li, Zhi-Feng Chen, and Ai-Sheng Xiong
- Subjects
vegetable crops ,bolting and flowering ,physiological and biochemical ,molecular mechanism ,vernalization ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Bolting and flowering of vegetables are induced by vernalization in their early growth stage. This phenomenon is called premature bolting, and it has caused massive losses in production of vegetables such as cabbage, celery, carrot, radish, and spinach, etc. This review aimed to summarize studies on bolting and flowering pathways, physiological and biochemical changes, and underlined molecular mechanisms of various vegetable crop bolting involving genome and transcriptome analysis, and its association with vegetable breeding. This review could provide basic knowledge to carry out research on vegetable genetics and breeding and vegetable cultivation.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)
- Author
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Walia, Raman Kumar, Khan, Matiyar Rahaman, Ahmad, Faheem, editor, and Blázquez, Gloria Nombela, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Marker-Assisted Breeding in Vegetable Crops
- Author
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Maji, Anirban, Gorai, Shouvik, Hazra, Soham, Hasan, Wahidul, Parimala, G., Roy, Pritam, and Kumar, Nitish, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Genetic Resources of Vegetable Crops: A Potential Source of Nutrition and Entrepreneurship in North-Eastern Region of India
- Author
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Verma, Veerendra Kumar, Rymbai, Heiplanmi, Baiswar, Pankaj, Singh, Brahma, editor, and Kalia, Pritam, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Scientific Support of Breeding and Seed Breeding of Vegetable Crops
- Author
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Marinchenko, Tatiana, Korolkova, Antonina, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Beskopylny, Alexey, editor, Shamtsyan, Mark, editor, and Artiukh, Viktor, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Nutritional Stress Management in Vegetable Crops Under Changing Climate Scenario
- Author
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Saha, Bholanath, Reddy, K. Madhusudhan, Saha, Sushanta, Fatima, Ayesha, Solankey, Shashank Shekhar, Nicola, Silvana, Series Editor, Solankey, Shashank Shekhar, editor, and Kumari, Meenakshi, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Improvement of Vegetables Through Molecular Breeding in Changing Climate Scenario
- Author
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Sahoo, Jyoti Prakash, Barik, Satyaprakash, Pathak, Menka, Tripathy, Barsa, Pradhan, Madhuri, Nicola, Silvana, Series Editor, Solankey, Shashank Shekhar, editor, and Kumari, Meenakshi, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Protected Cultivation of High-Value Vegetable Crops Under Changing Climate
- Author
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Rajiv, Kumari, Meenakshi, Nicola, Silvana, Series Editor, Solankey, Shashank Shekhar, editor, and Kumari, Meenakshi, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Improvement of technological processes of cultivation of vegetable crops in the Far East. Review
- Author
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N. A. Sakara, T. S. Tarasova, and V. I. Oznobikhin
- Subjects
vegetable growing ,vegetable crops ,agricultural technologies ,technological processes ,Agriculture - Abstract
The results of the selection work of the Primorsky vegetable experimental station, work in the field of seed production of vegetable crops are presented, the characteristics of the negative processes occurring in the arable soils of the region and their removal by the developed ridgeridge technology of cultivation by technical means with a wide base are given. A comparative characteristic of the former and the wide-row version in terms of energy consumption and fuel consumption is givenAuthors´ Contribution: All authors contributed to the planning and setting up the experiment, aswell as in the analysis of experimental data and writing of the article.Based on the results of the selection work of the Primorsky Vegetable Experimental Station for the period 1993-2023, the station bred and released 56 varieties and hybrids of 19 main vegetable crops. The experience of the Primorsky branch of the Federal scientific vegetable center allows organizing production at a modern level, taking into account the rich experience of other regions of Russia. In conditions of monsoon climate and soils of heavy granulometric composition, with a general lack of heat, their fertility is negatively affected by a large number of external factors. To grow vegetables, a set of measures is needed for serious drainage and irrigation reclamation (creation of polder systems with the laying of systematic plastic drainage) against the backdrop of ridge-ridge cultivation technology, fine irrigation system). The developed wide-cut technology and a set of machines make it possible to introduce a resource-saving technology that saves energy costs and fuel.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Perspective varieties of sweet pepper for the conditions of the Lower Volga region
- Author
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A. V. Gulin, O. P. Kigashpayeva, M. V. Mukanov, and V. Yu. Dzhabrailova
- Subjects
vegetable crops ,breeding ,sweet pepper ,new variety ,promising breeding line ,valuable qualities ,economically valuable traits ,Agriculture - Abstract
The article presents the results of experimental research on the search, study and use of qualitatively new traits of varieties and lines of sweet pepper that can complement the existing assortment of crops and ensure the import substitution of foreign varieties and hybrids in domestic vegetable seed production.The purpose of the work. The aim of the research was to create new competitive varieties of sweet pepper to expand the range of crops in the framework of the development of domestic seed production.Methods. Scientific breeding work on the research topic was carried out by the Department of Breeding and Seed Production of the VNIIOOB-branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "PAFSC RAS" in 2020-2022 as part of the implementation of the State task on the experimental field of the Institute (Kamyzyak, Astrakhan region) according to generally accepted methods. In the experiments, the zonal agrotechnology of crop cultivation, recommended for irrigated agriculture in the Lower Volga region, was used. The objects of research were 7 promising samples of sweet pepper. The zoned varieties of sweet pepper "Gift of Moldova" and "Gift of the Caspian" were used as a standard.Results. The article presents the results of a study of economically valuable qualities and traits of breeding lines and new varieties of sweet pepper "Zarnitsa" and "Prince Caspian" VNIIOOB breeding. The sweet pepper variety Zarnitsa was created and entered in 2023 in the State Register of Breeding Achievements Approved for Use in the Russian Federation. Mid-season (118-120 days), characterized by early and amicable setting and ripening of fruits of an even, cone-shaped shape with a light green color in the technical and red in the biological phase of ripening. The average fruit weight is 150-160 g, fruit wall thickness is 0.5-0.6 cm, fruit yield is 55-60 t/ha, marketability is up to 93%. The sweet pepper variety Prince Caspian was created and submitted for state variety testing in 2022. Mid-season (120-125 days), prism-shaped fruits with green color in technical and red color in biological maturity. The average fruit weight is 175-180 g, the average fruit wall thickness is 0.7 cm, the average yield is 52-53 t/ha, the fruit marketability is up to 95%. As a result of the research, a promising breeding line SL - 154/20 with large cube-shaped fruits weighing 184 g and a wall thickness of up to 0.8 cm has been identified. Recommended for fresh consumption, canning and home cooking.Conclusion. The introduction of new varieties of sweet pepper into production will contribute to import substitution and food independence of the state.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Impacts of climate change on vegetable production and ways to overcome them
- Author
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A. F. Bukharov, A. Yu. Fedosov, and M. I. Ivanova
- Subjects
abiotic factors ,fixture ,changing of the climate ,performance ,vegetable crops ,Agriculture - Abstract
Vegetables play a key role in food security and nutrition as the food system shifts from food quantity to dietary quality and health benefits. One of the main reasons for the low production and declining average yields of most vegetable crops is climate change. Important limiting factors in maintaining and increasing vegetable crop yields are rising temperatures, reduced water availability for irrigation, flooding and salinity. Under changing climatic conditions, crop failures, declining quality and increasing pest and disease problems are becoming commonplace and making vegetable production unprofitable. Since many physiological processes and enzyme activity are temperature dependent, they will be greatly affected. Drought and salinity are two important effects of rising temperatures that reduce vegetable crop yields. These impacts of climate change also affect the emergence of pests and diseases, host-pathogen interactions, distribution and ecology of insects, timing of emergence, migration to new locations, and their ability to overwinter, all of which become a major barrier to vegetable production. To mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on the productivity and quality of vegetable crops, sound adaptation strategies need to be developed. Emphasis should be placed on the development of production systems that improve water efficiency and are adapted to hot and dry conditions. Technological practices, such as mulching with crop residues and plastic materials, help maintain soil moisture. Excessive soil moisture due to heavy rains becomes a serious problem that can be solved by growing crops in raised beds. An effective way to solve these problems is to create genotypes that are resistant to high temperatures, moisture, salinity and resistance to climatic conditions, using traditional and non-traditional breeding methods, genomics, biotechnology, etc.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Disease diagnostic strategies and emerging analytical metabolomics techniques for waterborne microbial pathogens in vegetable crops—A critical review.
- Author
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Nnabuo‐Eguzozie, Emmanuella C., Kibechu, Rose W., Eguzozie, Kennedy U., Mamba, Bhekie B., Nyoni, Hlengilizwe, Nkambule, Thabo T. I., and Msagati, Titus A. M.
- Subjects
- *
METABOLOMICS , *CROPS , *VEGETABLE quality , *CROP quality , *PATHOGENIC microorganisms - Abstract
A significant number of people around the world suffer from illnesses that are related to the consumption of unsafe vegetable crops. Early identification of waterborne microbial pathogens affecting vegetable crops can be an important step towards the control of disease. Microbial pathogens secrete extracellular metabolic volatiles or molecular biomarkers that affect the yield and quality of vegetable crops. These secreted compounds can be investigated using several applied analytical techniques, such as metabolomics, proteomics and other 'omics' tools. Currently, it is possible to use these approaches to characterize a broad range of specialized metabolites present in vegetable crops affected by waterborne and soilborne microbial pathogens. Such approaches may be used to determine molecular biomarkers, which can subsequently be exploited for the diagnosis of microbial pathogens that affect vegetable crops. Molecular biomarkers are involved in complex pathogenic biological processes involving mechanisms of pathogenesis and could be of great interest in the field of metabolomics. This review investigates disease diagnostic strategies and emerging analytical metabolomics techniques for waterborne microbial pathogens in vegetable crops. These will be vital in building comprehensive and more reliable data regarding the nature of secreted proteins and other specialized metabolites in vegetable crops and will lead to an increased understanding of the interactions between the host and pathogenic oomycetes, fungi, bacteria and viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Grafting Compatibility and Environmental Conditions on Soilless Eggplant (Solanum melongena) Grown in the Mediterranean Greenhouse.
- Author
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Argento, Sergio, Treccarichi, Simone, Melilli, Maria Grazia, and Branca, Ferdinando
- Subjects
EGGPLANT ,CLIMATE in greenhouses ,GREENHOUSES ,GROWTH disorders ,SOIL temperature ,POTTING soils - Abstract
Grafting techniques represent an efficient tool to enhance plant growth and development. The study aims to explore the effects of different grafting combinations on the growth of eggplants under diverse greenhouse conditions. Eggplant cultivar Black bell (Bb) was employed as scion, while the hybrid F
1 Beaufort (Be) and Solanum torvum (To) were utilized as rootstock. The hypothesis behind this study pertains to grafting incompatibility with Beaufort F1. It postulates that this incompatibility can be mitigated by manipulating soil and greenhouse temperatures. The experimental factors encompassed plant combinations (Bb, Be/Bb and To/Bb), as well greenhouse and substrate temperature (both cold or heated). The Be/Bb combination showed higher values of plant vegetative traits, but it exhibited low grafting compatibility. Additionally, physiological analysis confirmed the presence of excessive growth and vegetative disorder within the Be/Bb combination. Examination of the xylem vessels revealed notable differences between the grafting combination involving Bb and the rootstock F1 hybrid Be/Bb, compared to the one with To/Bb and the non-grafted Bb. Specifically, the area, diameter and number of xylem vessels were approximatively 45% higher in Be/Bb than in To/Bb and the non-grafted Bb. Furthermore, a robust linear correlation was observed between plant height with morphometric and physiological traits, except fruits sets. This study lays the basis for a novel protocol for agriculture, addressing the excessive vegetative growth in rootstocks regulating air and substrate temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Современное состояние технологического обеспечения производства овощных культур в Российской Федерации
- Author
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Лобачевский, Я. П., Дорохов, А. С., and Сибирев, А. В.
- Subjects
VEGETABLE farming ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,AGRICULTURAL engineering ,FARM mechanization ,AGRICULTURE ,WEED competition - Abstract
Copyright of Digital Translation: International Journal of Translation & Localization is the property of John Benjamins Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Transcriptomics: illuminating the molecular landscape of vegetable crops: a review
- Author
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Vishwanath, Puneeth Pattaduru, Bidaramali, Vishwanath, Lata, Suman, and Yadav, Ramesh Kumar
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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