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We focus on developing a standalone android application module to parse web databases and text files. The application is capable of retrieving and visualizing the data from NIST and similar web databases as well as from the text files stored locally on a phone storage device. The data is represented by the X-ray mass attenuation and absorption coefficients for all elements from the periodic table and other complex compounds acquired for the range of X-ray photons energies. Upon retrieving, parsing, and conversion the data is fully ready for visualization or, as originally designed, to be supplied for further simulation of the computed tomography experiment in multiple formats. The application is useful as a simple, open-source Java code, collection of methods to organize the access and parsing of the locally and remotely stored data in the text formats in the nuclear physic numerical experiment. In the application, a separate thread was dedicated to data retrieval and analysis. This thread is hosted by a fragment to provide the survival of calculations during the application's configuration changes. It also facilitates unrestricted internet access otherwise prohibited on the main UI thread. The results of parsing and calculations in the concurrent thread were linked to the main thread with the Progress Update callback function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) remains the tool for transmission and outbreak tracing. However, inter-laboratory comparison of PFGE could not be made due to the lack of a standard for interpretation and congruence profiles assignment. This study aims to overcome the shortcoming of PFGE profiling, as well as human performance in data analysis by developing a web-based tool for monitoring multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) and tracking the transmission based on PFGE. A web-based MDRO monitoring and transmission tracking system was developed based on three main subsystems. To build the database, banding patterns of PFGE were converted into string data using the box-based fragmentation method. The data could be visualized based on different categories and the transmission tracing could be achieved by the coexistence of the similar profile. This system could be used for monitoring the genotypic and phenotypic trends of MDRO and to trace potential outbreaks in hospitals.

Wing area, wing loading, and aspect ratio are key variables for studies of avian comparative ecology, despite the complexity of measuring wing characteristics in living and museum specimens. The systematic databases of feather photographs available on the Internet may offer an alternative way of obtaining such morphometric data. Here, we evaluate whether measurements of scanned feathers from web photograph databases may offer reliable estimates of avian morphometry.Published data on wing area were obtained for 317 bird species and feather measurements from web photograph databases for 225 of them. A variable termed "lift generation area," a proxy for wing area, was calculated for each species on the basis of the mean length of the five distal secondary feathers and wingspan data from literature. The fit between this proposed variable and data extracted from the literature was examined by correlation, employing linear regression to explore the lack of fit among species."Lift generation area" proved to be highly informative as a proxy for wing area for the study species as a whole (R2 >.98). Discrepancies observed between species were strongly negatively associated with the size of the original sample used to calculate wing area (p =.001) and, to a lesser extent, with bird size (p =.023), but not with aspect ratio. It was also found that the mean value of the mismatch between "lift generation area" and wing area (13.1%) among the study species as a whole was of similar magnitude to that found between sources of bibliographic wing area data for the 64 species for which two published estimates of this variable were available (15.3%).We conclude that measurements made from feather photograph databases are reliable for use in studies of avian comparative ecology, enabling the inclusion of biomechanical parameters of many more species than featured at present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the background of the development of the new era, with the arrival of the big data era and the development of computer technology, people are more and more inclined to use data to analyze all kinds of problems encountered in teaching. Different educational data models are constructed through data analysis. By statistics of different educational data and analysis using correlation models, the relationship between different variables and the intensity of interaction in these activities can be determined. Using computer to complete some teaching tasks and construct a certain teaching mode can improve the efficiency of teachers' teaching and students' learning to a certain extent. In the process of discussing the use of computer in classroom teaching, we should analyze how to use computer to carry out new forms of teaching activities and how to evaluate the teaching quality of computer teaching. On the one hand, this paper summarizes the current situation of the development of digital teaching mode in colleges and universities in China; on the other hand, it analyzes the research results of computer teaching by professionals in the new era; Finally, the knowledge of data mining is expounded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to develop an infonnation system suppo1ting research on rubber (ISSR) in Thailand. This system was designed as a web application with responsive web design. The rubber database was developed with MySQL, used Apache server as a web server and programed with PHPscript. HighChart, Google Chait API and Java teclmology were used to represent an online infonnation with graphical fonnat. The system was tested with the actual data on rubber research in Southem Thailand. The system has been available online at URL http://w\vw.s-cm.site/issr. There are three type of users: administrator, researcher (member) and generic user. The researcher performed data entry about research with log-in to the system using usemame and password provided by the automatic system via online registration form. The administrator can manage the research information. The researchers can manage their research infonnation, use searching tool and leave comments on other member's research. The generic users can access the system without usemame and password to view the research and general information on rubber. Moreover, the system generates a repo1t on rubber research with online graphical fonnat. In conclusion, this infonnation system enhances investigation on rubber research in Thailand and its strategy planning for rubber plantation in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since trihalomethanes were discovered in 1974, disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water have attracted extensive attention. In 2011, more than 600 known DBPs were compiled; however, newly reported DBPs have not been integrated. The rapid development of mass spectrometry has led to a significant increase in the number of DBPs, therefore, there is a need to develop a database of all DBPs and their properties. Herein, a database including 6310 DBPs (651 confirmed, 1478 identified and 4142 proposed) reported between 1974 and 2022 was constructed and made available for public use at https://dbps.com.cn/main. This database can be a tool in screening new DBPs, comprehensively reviewing, and developing predictive models. In this paper, to demonstrate the functions of the database and provide useful information for this area, the origin of the collected DBPs was presented, and some basic information, including elemental composition, molecular weight, functional groups, and carbon frameworks, were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the proportion of DBPs verified by standard compounds and frequently detected in real water is less than 7.0%, and most of DBPs remained to be identified. Approximately 88% of DBPs contain halogens, and brominated -DBPs occupied a similar ratio to chlorinated -DBPs in real water. Acids were the main functional groups of DBPs, aliphatic and aromatic compounds are the two major carbon frameworks, and the molecular weights of most DBPs ranged from 200 to 400 Da. In addition, 4142 proposed DBPs as obtained using high-resolution mass spectrometry, were characterized based on the modified van Krevelen diagram and adjusted indexes with halogens. Most of the proposed DBPs featured lignin and tannin structures, and phenolic/highly unsaturated DBPs account for the majority. [Display omitted] • A web database of DBPs was constructed and some applications were depicted. • The basic information of 6310 reported DBPs since 1974 was reviewed. • Only 10% of reported DBPs are verified by chemical standards. • Acids are the largest category among all functional groups of reported DBPs. • Structures of proposed DBPs were characterized based on adjusted indexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) remains the tool for transmission and outbreak tracing. However, inter-laboratory comparison of PFGE could not be made due to the lack of a standard for interpretation and congruence profiles assignment. This study aims to overcome the shortcoming of PFGE profiling, as well as human performance in data analysis by developing a web-based tool for monitoring multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) and tracking the transmission based on PFGE. A web-based MDRO monitoring and transmission tracking system was developed based on three main subsystems. To build the database, banding patterns of PFGE were converted into string data using the box-based fragmentation method. The data could be visualized based on different categories and the transmission tracing could be achieved by the coexistence of the similar profile. This system could be used for monitoring the genotypic and phenotypic trends of MDRO and to trace potential outbreaks in hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transfer RNA (tRNA), a key component of the translation machinery, plays critical roles in stress conditions and various diseases. While knowledge regarding the importance of tRNA function is increasing, its biological roles are still not well understood. There is currently no comprehensive database or web server providing the expression landscape of tRNAs across a variety of human tissues and diseases. Here, we constructed a user-friendly and interactive database, DBtRend, which provides a profile of mature tRNA expression across various biological conditions by reanalyzing the small RNA or microRNA sequencing data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and NCBI’s Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) in humans. Users can explore not only the expression values of mature individual tRNAs in the human genome, but also those of isodecoders and isoacceptors based on our specific pipelines. DBtRend provides the expressed patterns of tRNAs, the differentially expressed tRNAs in different biological conditions, and the information of samples or patients, tissue types, and molecular subtype of cancers. The database is expected to help researchers interested in functional discoveries of tRNAs.

Efficient use of natural resources especially in Natura 2000 sites is an essential component of Europe 2020 strategy. The use of web database is absolutely necessary for a good resource management and it will provide a good communication channel for the main stakeholders: protected area manager, scientists, resources evaluators and local community. Access to information from database is allowed according with the user competence. General information on natural resources uses in Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (D.D.B.R.) will be freely available. Different degree of information, especially regarding editing data will be applied for the main actors involved in use of natural resources. Evaluators that are mainly scientists with good biodiversity background, protected area staff that applies the regulation regarding natural resources in relation with ecological conditions, private companies or persons interested in harvesting natural resources. The user interface is realized by using OpenSource products. The web interface for tabular data was build using ExtJs Javascrip library. The web map user interface was build using Openlayers, GeoExt, and Ext. For database SQL server we chose PostgresSQL and GeoServer for maps server

In the mid-1980s, the Anthropology Division of the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) began the creation of digital resources as a means of collections access. Much of the database work was a secondary component of projects funded by outside grants and driven by new accountability mandates. The ongoing upgrading process was sporadic in its progress, but it still accomplished the primary goals of improved housing for collections and an exhaustive database. This paper discusses how the historical complications of the data, the scale of the database, its irregular schedule of funding, and deadline-driven projects resulted in inconsistency in data and difficulty in use. Although the examples provided will be specific to the AMNH Anthropology database, the circumstances and issues are common to many databases and the approaches presented broadly applicable. The discussion includes the practices used to mitigate the negative impact of these problems and the way the Division is positioning itself for the future, even as the database continues to provide unprecedented public and institutional access to and utility for the AMNH Anthropology collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive use of the internet and information technology in the field of education, coupled with the diversification of distance learning, has resulted in the emergence of online test systems. According to the patterns and features of English pronunciation test, the key technologies of ASP.NET, Microsoft SQL Server 2005, and Windows Server 2003 are used to conduct the design of the online teaching effect test system of English pronunciation. Based on demand analysis and functional design, this paper mainly introduces the main function modules, key technology and function realization of the online teaching effect test system and devises a set of online examination system of English pronunciation based on Web technologies to facilitate the assessment of students' performance in the course of English pronunciation and intonation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the empty and/or many answer problem of Web database query, this paper proposes a general framework to enable automatically query relaxation and result categorization. The framework consists of two processing parts. The first is query relaxation. In this part, each specified attribute is assigned a weight by measuring the query value distribution in the database. The rarely distribution of the query value of the attribute indicates the attribute may important for the user. The original query is then rewritten as a relaxed query by expanding each specified attribute according to its weight. The second part is result categorization. In this step, we first speculate how much the user cares about all attributes (including specified and unspecified attributes) under the query context by using the KL-divergence. Then, the categorizing attribute in each level of the tree can be determined according to its importance for the user. The most important attribute should be the categorizing attribute for the first level of the navigational tree. Lastly, the navigational tree is generated automatically and presented to the user so that the user can easily select the relevant tuples matching his/her needs. Experimental results demonstrated that the query relaxation method can achieve the Precision of 78% and 75% for UsedCarDB (used car dataset) and HouseDB (real estate dataset), respectively, and the result categorization method can also achieve the lowest total and averaged navigational costs than the existing categorization methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet users may suffer the empty or too little answer problem when they post a strict query to the Web database. To address this problem, we develop a general framework to enable automatically query relaxation and top- k result ranking. Our framework consists of two processing steps. The first step is query relaxation. Based on the user original query, we speculate how much the user cares about each specified attribute by measuring its specified value distribution in the database. The rare distribution of the specified value of the attribute indicates the attribute may important for the user. According to the attribute importance, the original query is then rewritten as a relaxed query by expanding each query criterion range. The relaxed degree on each specified attribute is varied with the attribute weight adaptively. The most important attribute is relaxed with the minimum degree so that the answer returned by the relaxed query can be most relevant to the user original intention. The second step is top- k result ranking. In this step, we first generate user contextual preferences from query history and then use them to create a priori orders of tuples during the off-line pre-processing. Only a few representative orders are saved, each corresponding to a set of contexts. Then, these orders and associated contexts are used at querying time to expeditiously provide top- k relevant answers by using the top- k evaluation algorithm. Results of a preliminary user study demonstrate our query relaxation, and top- k result ranking methods can capture the users preferences effectively. The efficiency and effectiveness of our approach is also demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Providing top- k typical relevant keyword queries would benefit the users who cannot formulate appropriate queries to express their imprecise query intentions. By extracting the semantic relationships both between keywords and keyword queries, this paper proposes a new keyword query suggestion approach which can provide typical and semantically related queries to the given query. Firstly, a keyword coupling relationship measure, which considers both intra- and inter-couplings between each pair of keywords, is proposed. Then, the semantic similarity of different keyword queries can be measured by using a semantic matrix, in which the coupling relationships between keywords in queries are reserved. Based on the query semantic similarities, we next propose an approximation algorithm to find the most typical queries from query history by using the probability density estimation method. Lastly, a threshold-based top- k query selection method is proposed to expeditiously evaluate the top- k typical relevant queries. We demonstrate that our keyword coupling relationship and query semantic similarity measures can capture the coupling relationships between keywords and semantic similarities between keyword queries accurately. The efficiency of query typicality analysis and top- k query selection algorithm is also demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are increasingly being considered as novel agents against biofilms. The development of AMP-based anti-biofilm strategies strongly relies on the design of sequences optimized to target specific features of sessile bacterial/fungal communities. Although several AMP databases have been created and successfully exploited for AMP design, all of these use data collected on peptides tested against planktonic microorganisms. Here, an open-access, manually curated database of AMPs specifically assayed against microbial biofilms (BaAMPs) is presented for the first time. In collecting relevant data from the literature an effort was made to define a minimal standard set of essential information including, for each AMP, the microbial species and biofilm conditions against which it was tested, and the specific assay and peptide concentration used. The availability of these data in an organized framework will benefit anti-biofilm research and support the design of novel molecules active against biofilm. BaAMPs is accessible athttp://www.baamps.it [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Mining data from a web database becomes more challenging in recent years due to the exploding size of data, the rising of dynamic web, and the increasing performance of web security. Mining data from a web database differs from mining data from web sites because it is intended to collect specific data from a single web site. Collecting a very large data in a limited time tends to be detected as a cyber attack and will be banned from connecting into the web server. To avoid the problem, this paper proposes a crawling method to mine web database faster and cheaper than conventional web crawlers. The method used is to run hundreds of threads from a single web crawler in a single computer and to distribute the threads into hundreds or thousands publicly available proxy servers. This web crawler strategy highly increases the speed of mining and is more secure than using single thread of web crawler. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Search Engines generate a set of long flat list of information in response to user query from online databases. Information extraction and integration is most for many applications such as online comparison shopping and web data collection. Result pages generated dynamically by a search engines comes from multiple web databases. The structured data extracted from these pages with annotations are valuable for human browsing and machine processing which makes information retrieval system efficient. We propose a new EAAW System to automatically Extract, Align and Annotate the data items using heuristic information. Finally, Wrapper generation for the site is automatically constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]