Search

Illegal parking is a widespread issue in urban environments, leading to significant adverse effects on traffic flow, public safety, and the aesthetics of streetscapes. This paper introduces an innovative methodology for the identification and analysis of illegal parking hotspots. To achieve this, a custom Web-GIS platform is developed that employs crowdsourcing, enabling citizens to report the precise locations and types of parking violations they encounter. The platform collects this data, which is then analyzed using a Spatio-Temporal Density Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (ST-DBSCAN) algorithm. The methodology was applied in the city of Athens, Greece, with the findings revealing that parking violations are not uniformly distributed but instead show distinct spatial and temporal patterns. Specifically, certain areas and times during the day exhibit considerably higher levels of illegal parking. For instance, commercial areas tend to experience more violations during business hours, while residential areas see more issues during evenings and weekends, mainly due to an increasing number of already parked cars and a lack of organized parking spaces. By providing a data-driven approach to identifying critical areas of illegal parking, city officials can better allocate enforcement resources and develop targeted strategies to mitigate this issue, highlighting the significant implications of the study for urban management and policy-making. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to contribute to the enhancement of urban mobility and the overall quality of life by addressing one of the most persistent challenges in city management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The determination of water requirements for crops holds a crucial role in optimizing irrigation and enhancing agricultural productivity. However, identifying these needs remains a significant challenge due to the variety of factors influencing this decision, such as meteorological conditions, soil structure, and the phenological stages of each crop. In this study, we propose the design and development of a dedicated web-based irrigation advisory platform for arboriculture named ‘Soqia-Advice’. This platform will provide services to farmers, advisors, and decision-makers. The proposed methodology is based on four main steps: (1) need assessments; (2) definition of functionalities to fulfill these needs; (3) design of the overall architecture and the conceptual data model; and (4) implementation of key features of the module dedicated to farmers. The prototype of the “Farmer” module was tested on a farm in Azrou city, Morocco, as a case study. Seven-day weather forecasts were seamlessly integrated using the Weatherbit API. Additionally, the irrigation schedule was accurately displayed, ensuring efficient water management. Functionality tests were conducted on each menu to ensure the seamless and reliable operation of all planned features. The results were rigorously assessed to ensure that each feature aligned with the identified needs.

Mediterranean hurricanes, also known as medicanes, can cause significant damage to coastal communities. Consequently, they have been the subject of intense study in recent decades. Geographic Information Systems (GISs) and Web-GIS applications are essential for processing and analyzing geographic data from various sources, particularly in the field of spatial planning. Due to their ability to integrate heterogeneous information, these tools can provide experts with a comprehensive overview of relevant geospatial data. Here, we present ARCHIMEDE, a relational geodatabase connected to an open-source Web-GIS platform focused on Mediterranean hurricanes that contains data from recent research on these extreme weather phenomena. These datasets comprise climatic and oceanographic data obtained from remote sensing techniques as well as seismic and geomorphological data obtained from field observations. Consequently, this Web-GIS platform can enhance our understanding of Mediterranean cyclones by relating the physical properties of these natural phenomena with their impacts on coastal regions. ARCHIMEDE is an innovative tool for the dissemination of geographic information to stakeholders, researchers, and decision-makers, offering valuable support for the development of robust coastal management strategies aimed at mitigating the challenges posed by Mediterranean hurricanes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The determination of water requirements for crops holds a crucial role in optimizing irrigation and enhancing agricultural productivity. However, identifying these needs remains a significant challenge due to the variety of factors influencing this decision, such as meteorological conditions, soil structure, and the phenological stages of each crop. In this study, we propose the design and development of a dedicated web-based irrigation advisory platform for arboriculture named 'Soqia-Advice'. This platform will provide services to farmers, advisors, and decision-makers. The proposed methodology is based on four main steps: (1) need assessments; (2) definition of functionalities to fulfill these needs; (3) design of the overall architecture and the conceptual data model; and (4) implementation of key features of the module dedicated to farmers. The prototype of the "Farmer" module was tested on a farm in Azrou city, Morocco, as a case study. Seven-day weather forecasts were seamlessly integrated using the Weatherbit API. Additionally, the irrigation schedule was accurately displayed, ensuring efficient water management. Functionality tests were conducted on each menu to ensure the seamless and reliable operation of all planned features. The results were rigorously assessed to ensure that each feature aligned with the identified needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights the importance of improving stakeholder understanding of environmental factors such as air quality and the urban heat island effect to achieve sustainable development goals. While accurate spatial and temporal environmental data are critical for sustainable solutions, the challenge lies in translating complex environmental information for non‐specialists. To solve this problem, we propose using web GIS storytelling as a powerful tool for communicating and disseminating information about the environment. This paper aims to show example of implementation of a web‐based geographic information system (GIS) on our case study in Bergen, Norway. This platform "Web GIS Bergen, air quality and thermal comfort" was created as an open portal. This document explains the components of the platform, their rationale, and implementation, which includes important steps. They involve the collection of relevant environmental data, including modeling results and remote sensing data. Futhermore, the design and interface of the platform has been carefully considered to provide a user‐friendly experience based on interactive maps and storytelling. Combining data visualization and storytelling, the platform promotes a comprehensive understanding of complex environmental data, including "invisible killers" such as air pollution and the urban heat island effect, which significantly affect sustainable development. The strategic integration of this web‐based GIS platform in Bergen can serve as an attractive model for other urban areas looking for practical tools for sustainable development, engaging stakeholders for a healthier and more sustainable urban future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review aims to synthesise Web-GIS evidence for managing natural hazards to share state-of-the-art practices and policies. A comprehensive search in SCOPUS, among other databases, identified 1775 articles published between 2014 and 2023. Following a selection process based on the PRISMA model, 65 articles met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed a growing trend over the past decade, with most research concentrated in the last three years. Eight crucial subtopics within the Web-GIS domain have emerged: Integrated Spatial Analysis and Modelling, Technologies and Infrastructure, Visualisation and User Interface Design, Decision Support Systems, Real-time Monitoring and Early Warning, Disaster Recovery and Resilience, Citizen and Social Media Integration, and Multi-Stakeholder Collaboration. A substantial contribution of the literature has been identified in Decision Support Systems and Integrated Spatial Analysis, reflecting their vital role in strategising and predicting hazard impacts. Furthermore, a geographical distribution analysis revealed significant Web-GIS applications in countries like Italy and China, alongside a deficit in low- and middle-income countries. It also highlights potential gaps in hazard studies, including the need to prioritise heatwave management in the face of climate change. This research calls for policymakers and practitioners to leverage evidence-informed decision making and foster community collaboration for enhanced natural disaster resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open-field crop residue burning (OCRB) is a widespread agricultural practice with significant impacts on regional environments and public health. The effective management of OCRB remains a challenging task that requires timely access to various forms of monitored and forecasted information. Addressing this worldwide need, an open-source platform named AgriFireInfo v1.0, which is specifically tailored to monitoring and regulating regional OCRB activities, was developed. This technical note thoroughly illustrates the platform's architecture, major modules, and visualization processes. Through AgriFireInfo v1.0, government agencies can access timely information about the spatial distribution of fire spots and emissions as well as meteorological conditions and air quality status. AgriFireInfo v1.0 also introduces an innovative Prevention Alarming Index, designed to identify regions prone to OCRB and promote comprehensive crop residue utilization. Furthermore, it offers the burning window and crop residue yields for controlled OCRB activities and can be used to analyze shifts in farmers' burning behaviors and intensities. Future enhancements will focus on supplying holistic information on the burning windows and burning amounts of crop residues to further facilitate refined controlled burning activities and optimize decision-making processes. The flexibility and scalability of this platform can potentially allow users to easily customize and apply it to other regions or countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grasslands cover a substantial portion of the earth's surface and agricultural land and is crucial for human well-being and livestock farming. Ranchers and grassland management authorities face challenges in effectively controlling herders' grazing behavior and grassland utilization due to underdeveloped infrastructure and poor communication in pastoral areas. Cloud-based grazing management and decision support systems (DSS) are needed to address this issue, promote sustainable grassland use, and preserve their ecosystem services. These systems should enable rapid and large-scale grassland growth and utilization monitoring, providing a basis for decision-making in managing grazing and grassland areas. In this context, this study contributes to the objectives of the EU LIFE IMAGINE project, aiming to develop a Web-GIS app for conserving and monitoring Umbria's grasslands and promoting more informed decisions for more sustainable livestock management. The app, called "Praterie" and developed in Google Earth Engine, utilizes historical Sentinel-2 satellite data and harmonic modeling of the EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) to estimate vegetation growth curves and maturity periods for the forthcoming vegetation cycle. The app is updated in quasi-real time and enables users to visualize estimates for the upcoming vegetation cycle, including the maximum greenness, the days remaining to the subsequent maturity period, the accuracy of the harmonic models, and the grassland greenness status in the previous 10 days. Even though future additional developments can improve the informative value of the Praterie app, this platform can contribute to optimizing livestock management and biodiversity conservation by providing timely and accurate data about grassland status and growth curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of storage standards for databases of different natures and origins makes it possible to aggregate and interact with different data sources in order to obtain and show complex and thematic information to the end user. This article aims to analyze some possibilities opened up by new applications and hypothesize their possible developments. With this work, using the currently available Web technologies, we would like to verify the potential for the use of Linked Open Data in the world of WebGIS and illustrate an application that allows the user to interact with Linked Open Data through their representation on a map. Italy has an artistic and cultural heritage unique in the world and the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism has created and made freely available a dataset in Linked Open Data format that represents it. With the aim of enhancing and making this heritage more usable, the National Research Council (CNR) has created an application that presents this heritage via WebGIS on a map. Following criteria definable by the user, such as the duration, the subject of interest and the style of the trip, tourist itineraries are created through the places that host this heritage. New possibilities open up where the tools made available by the Web can be used together, according to pre-established sequences, to create completely new applications. This can be compared to the use of words, all known in themselves, which, according to pre-established sequences, allow us to create ever new texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a recently developed Operational Forecast Platform (OFP) for prevailing sea conditions at very important ports worldwide (Accu-Waves). The OFP produces reliable high-resolution predictions of wave characteristics in and around ocean ports. Its goal is to support safer navigation, predict possible port downtime, assist vessel approaching, enhance management of towing services, and bolster secure ship maneuvering in busy ports around the globe. Accu-Waves OFP is based on integrated, high-resolution wave modelling over the continental shelf and in coastal areas that incorporates data from global- and regional-scale, open-sea wave and ocean circulation forecasts as boundary conditions. The coupling, nesting, calibration, and implementation of the models are reported and discussed in this paper, concerning 50 selected areas near and inside significant port basins. The detailed setup of the Accu-Waves OFP and its sub-system services is also provided regarding three-day forecasts at three-hourly intervals. The validation of the wave forecast system against in situ observations from wave buoys in coastal areas of the USA, Belgium, and Spain, as well as other model predictions by established OFPs, seems very promising, with performance skill scores ranging from adequate to very good. An exceptional case of stormy seas under severe marine weather conditions with very high wave maxima (>10 m) in the port of Algeciras is further discussed, confirming the good performance of the Accu-Waves OFP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Nowadays there is a worldwide consensus on the importance of conducting wildlife disease surveillance. Indeed, 60% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic in nature, and the majority of these (71.8%) originate in wildlife. Surveillance of wildlife diseases is crucial to prevent negative effects on human and animal health. Data digitization and sharing are among the main goals for the present and coming years. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are increasingly used to analyze the geographical distribution of diseases and the relationships between pathogenic factors and their geographic environments. Methods Wild animal’s samples collected in the Abruzzo and Molise regions and delivered to our laboratory are entered in our Laboratory Information System and processed to be displayed through the Web-GIS mash-up presented in this paper. We built it using both open source and proprietary solutions, to produce data driven interactive maps, charts and tables to help to understand the epidemiology of wild animal diseases, their spread and trend. Results Since 2013, 9.606 samples collected from wild animals have been analyzed in the laboratories of the IZS-Teramo and have been recorded in the system, facilitating the reporting to the judicial authorities and the identification of highly risky areas to set up control and repression measures. Moreover, thanks to the monitoring health protocol, a canine distemper epidemic in wolves has been detected and monitored in its temporal and spatial evolution, as well as cases of bovine tuberculosis in wild boars. Conclusions While it is more evident that the starting point is to choose the right sampling method, it is for sure less obvious that the information system in which data is stored is equally important. In fact, it should give the possibility to consult it in an easy and instructive way. GIS allows immediately grasping the spatial relationships between the data itself and those between the data and the territory; it is an important tool to support veterinary services in managing epidemic and non-epidemic emergencies and performing epidemiological investigations, but also to examine control plans and identify new gaps and challenges.

With the ever-increasing human population, there is a need to develop new urban settlements for human habitation. For these new settlements, it is imperative to optimally site different land-use zones, including solid waste disposal sites. The aim of this article is to determine suitable sites for locating a landfill in a new developed city in Zimbabwe around Mt. Hampden, named the New City. The New City will have various residential, commercial, and industrial areas. This entails the need for a proper site selection of a landfill to reduce the negative social and environmental effects such as contamination of water bodies and proliferation of diseases such as malaria. GIS and remote sensing were the major methods used in mapping the suitable areas. Multi-criteria evaluation and weighted overlay analysis methods were used in the landfill site selection process. Factors used for landfill site selection were rivers, settlements, roads, protected areas, and soils. A suitability map was generated, showing five potential sites that are suitable for landfill siting in the New City. Moderately suitable areas cover approximately 8%. A further 73% of the total land area in the study area is highly unsuitable for siting a landfill. A real-time Web-GIS monitoring interface was developed to monitor land use on the selected area, because the New City is a new area under development. Using a Web-GIS interface makes data easily accessible to environment planners, ecologists, spatial land planners, and other decision makers.

The Great Sumatran Fault activity on Sumatra Island has presented a series of volcanoes and geological landscapes that can be developed as geo-tourism potential, such as in Iboih. The Weh Island has many natural tourism potentials that can be used to improve the community's income directly and as lessons learned for the dangers of living in a volcanic environment. The conventional method of delivering information is through a guide to visitors. This is very limited to the guide's ability to explain the phenomenon of tourist sites and the relation to lessons learned. In this study, we use the integration of QR-Code and web-based technology to develop a digital tourism system that can provide unlimited information to visitors and can be managed efficiently by the public. The data analysis shows that a QR code information board integrated with a web-based programming system can be used to monitor the number of monthly visitors at each tourism site. In addition, the java-script integration on the QR code board can present information that can be changed through links, images or videos without reprinting the QR-code model. Furthermore, we also present important locations from Iboih Village in the form of Web-GIS, such as tourist locations, road access, public infrastructure and food locations that tourists can easily access. Based on the research, we conclude that integrating QR-code and web-based programming can be an effective tool in tourism development as a medium for lessons learned by the community.

Mediterranean hurricanes, also known as medicanes, can cause significant damage to coastal communities. Consequently, they have been the subject of intense study in recent decades. Geographic Information Systems (GISs) and Web-GIS applications are essential for processing and analyzing geographic data from various sources, particularly in the field of spatial planning. Due to their ability to integrate heterogeneous information, these tools can provide experts with a comprehensive overview of relevant geospatial data. Here, we present ARCHIMEDE, a relational geodatabase connected to an open-source Web-GIS platform focused on Mediterranean hurricanes that contains data from recent research on these extreme weather phenomena. These datasets comprise climatic and oceanographic data obtained from remote sensing techniques as well as seismic and geomorphological data obtained from field observations. Consequently, this Web-GIS platform can enhance our understanding of Mediterranean cyclones by relating the physical properties of these natural phenomena with their impacts on coastal regions. ARCHIMEDE is an innovative tool for the dissemination of geographic information to stakeholders, researchers, and decision-makers, offering valuable support for the development of robust coastal management strategies aimed at mitigating the challenges posed by Mediterranean hurricanes.

ABSTRACT Ensuring compliance with the minimum Water Quality Standards stipulated by law demands the implementation of strategic measures within the watershed. Water pollution modeling serves as a tool to guide the formulations of effective pollution control strategies. However, the inherent complexity of calibration, spatial-temporal variability, and uncertainty, in addition to effective communication of technical information to decision makers, makes it challenging to prioritize actions, implement them, and allocate resources efficiently. This paper presents the implementation of a Web-GIS for decision making support which combines collaborative hydrological and hydrodynamic modeling results with an interactive visualization of the Paranapanema river basin in the South of Brazil. The Web-GIS aimed to overcome the difficulty of presenting scientific results to decision-makers, gathering and harmonizing diverse datasets. Combining information from the watershed, the pollutant loads estimations for three substances (phosphorus, nitrogen, and BOD), the resulting concentrations in rivers and reservoirs, as well as the results for different future scenarios into a unified platform. It is expected that decision-making regarding water bodies framework will be facilitated by identifying the primary sources and pathways of pollution, prioritizing basins with the highest load production, an determining realistic possibilities of load reduction through effective measures.

Background: Nowadays there is a worldwide consensus on the importance of conducting wildlife disease surveillance. Indeed, 60% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic in nature, and the majority of these (71.8%) originate in wildlife. Surveillance of wildlife diseases is crucial to prevent negative effects on human and animal health. Data digitization and sharing are among the main goals for the present and coming years. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are increasingly used to analyze the geographical distribution of diseases and the relationships between pathogenic factors and their geographic environments. Methods: Wild animal's samples collected in the Abruzzo and Molise regions and delivered to our laboratory are entered in our Laboratory Information System and processed to be displayed through the Web-GIS mash-up presented in this paper. We built it using both open source and proprietary solutions, to produce data driven interactive maps, charts and tables to help to understand the epidemiology of wild animal diseases, their spread and trend. Results: Since 2013, 9.606 samples collected from wild animals have been analyzed in the laboratories of the IZS-Teramo and have been recorded in the system, facilitating the reporting to the judicial authorities and the identification of highly risky areas to set up control and repression measures. Moreover, thanks to the monitoring health protocol, a canine distemper epidemic in wolves has been detected and monitored in its temporal and spatial evolution, as well as cases of bovine tuberculosis in wild boars. Conclusions: While it is more evident that the starting point is to choose the right sampling method, it is for sure less obvious that the information system in which data is stored is equally important. In fact, it should give the possibility to consult it in an easy and instructive way. GIS allows immediately grasping the spatial relationships between the data itself and those between the data and the territory; it is an important tool to support veterinary services in managing epidemic and non-epidemic emergencies and performing epidemiological investigations, but also to examine control plans and identify new gaps and challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Access to information about the state of the environment is an inalienable right of Ukrainian citizens, so the development and improvement of ways to provide information to the population with environmental data is of high social importance. A valuable source of reliable environmental data that can be used to inform the public are the results of scientific research on the state of the environment, which are produced by the activities of higher education institutions. This article considers the possibilities of using web-GIS services by higher education institutions as a means of communicating environmental information to the general public. Purpose. To create an open geographic information system that should represent the database of environmental geodata obtained in the process of educational and scientific work of students and staff of the Karazin Institute of Environmental Sciences. Methods. Analysis of the stock materials of the Institute of Ecology for the needs of forming a geodatabase, development of the structure of the attributive web-GIS database and testing the functionality of the ArcGIS Online cloud mapping platform service for exporting, updating, storing, searching and visualizing data presentation in web-GIS. Results. A methodical algorithm for the development and creation of web-GIS is proposed and tested, consisting of the following stages: 1) selection of the technological base of development; 2) analysis of materials providing input information; 3) development of the structure of the attributive database of the project; 4) preparation of geodata sets and their publication on the Internet. As a result of the analysis 144 scientific papers were selected, which will form the information basis for the formation of the web-GIS "EcoSpace". The structure of the attributive database of the web-GIS project was developed, consisting of 4 content blocks and 11 types of descriptive data. 3 sets of test data were prepared, which showed successful results of export and visualization of geodata represented by different types of geometric vector primitives (linear, point and polygonal objects). Conclusions. A prototype of the web-GIS "EcoSpace" (https://institute-of-environmental-sciences-data-portal-carto-lab.hub.arcgis.com/) was developed in the environment of the ArcGIS Online Internet service, which can be used to publish information about the state of the environment contained in the results of scientific research of students and staff of the Karazin Institute of Environmental Sciences. The information content of the web-GIS "EcoSpace" has been started, in particular, the results of three scientific projects concerning the state of soil resources of Kharkiv district of Kharkiv region have been entered.

The environmental impacts of agricultural activities result from a chain of processes, agricultural practices affect the quantity and quality of natural resources, including biodiversity. Geographic information systems contribute to the systematic recording and monitoring of these agricultural practices in terms of production and to associate these practices with impacts on biodiversity. This paper presents the design of a web GIS system that records farming practices on a web map application (FarmGeoBalance), which is used by the farmers to import, store, revise and visualize farming practices in field level and farm level. The web map application communicates with a GeoDatabase informed with the geographical location of the participating fields where spatial and non-spatial data from the application are stored and standardized. The case study is an extensive arable farming system on Lemnos island, Greece, which covers a surface of 482 km². The system consists of 12 producers with 678 fields, representing 1.7% of the total farmed land of the island. In this paper, we present the web map application architecture and the collected data for the cultivation periods of 2020–2021 and 2021–2022, which include farming practices like fertilization, plant protection, irrigation, soil management, etc., outputs, landscape features of the farms related to biodiversity. For all these, their spatial and non-spatial dimension is presented and they are related to elements of the natural geography of fields and soils. With the use of this system recording and monitoring farming practices can assess the impact on biodiversity at multiple scales. It also highlights the need to include the end users at different phases of the development of the services and the interface. Farmers and their participation are the key component of the effectiveness of this effort: they monitor their everyday and seasonal practices at the level that they are realized in their farms.

Open-field crop residue burning (OCRB) is a widespread agricultural practice with significant impacts on regional environments and public health. The effective management of OCRB remains a challenging task that requires timely access to various forms of monitored and forecasted information. Addressing this worldwide need, an open-source platform named AgriFireInfo v1.0, which is specifically tailored to monitoring and regulating regional OCRB activities, was developed. This technical note thoroughly illustrates the platform’s architecture, major modules, and visualization processes. Through AgriFireInfo v1.0, government agencies can access timely information about the spatial distribution of fire spots and emissions as well as meteorological conditions and air quality status. AgriFireInfo v1.0 also introduces an innovative Prevention Alarming Index, designed to identify regions prone to OCRB and promote comprehensive crop residue utilization. Furthermore, it offers the burning window and crop residue yields for controlled OCRB activities and can be used to analyze shifts in farmers’ burning behaviors and intensities. Future enhancements will focus on supplying holistic information on the burning windows and burning amounts of crop residues to further facilitate refined controlled burning activities and optimize decision-making processes. The flexibility and scalability of this platform can potentially allow users to easily customize and apply it to other regions or countries.

The development of storage standards for databases of different natures and origins makes it possible to aggregate and interact with different data sources in order to obtain and show complex and thematic information to the end user. This article aims to analyze some possibilities opened up by new applications and hypothesize their possible developments. With this work, using the currently available Web technologies, we would like to verify the potential for the use of Linked Open Data in the world of WebGIS and illustrate an application that allows the user to interact with Linked Open Data through their representation on a map. Italy has an artistic and cultural heritage unique in the world and the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism has created and made freely available a dataset in Linked Open Data format that represents it. With the aim of enhancing and making this heritage more usable, the National Research Council (CNR) has created an application that presents this heritage via WebGIS on a map. Following criteria definable by the user, such as the duration, the subject of interest and the style of the trip, tourist itineraries are created through the places that host this heritage. New possibilities open up where the tools made available by the Web can be used together, according to pre-established sequences, to create completely new applications. This can be compared to the use of words, all known in themselves, which, according to pre-established sequences, allow us to create ever new texts.

Abstract Constructing geotechnical information database to collect information such as geophysical survey results and borehole data and then sharing it among researchers and engineers will be useful for developing research on the subsurface structure and the prevention of disasters such as earthquakes and landslides. The geotechnical information includes analysis results based on geophysical surveys, seismic observations, and borehole data. This database can be visually displayed on a map using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The existing analysis results can be checked consecutively. This will allow us to consider new observation plans and to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the subsurface structure model analysis. Therefore, in this study, a database of geotechnical information was developed for the San’in, Japan region. The San’in, Japan region is the western part of Honshu on the Sea of Japan side and includes Tottori and Shimane prefectures. The database of geotechnical information includes the results of microtremor and gravity survey, estimation of the subsurface structure based on seismic records, and borehole data in Tottori and Shimane prefectures. We gather high dense survey points from multiple references in the San’in region, Japan, such that the average space intervals of single station microtremor, microtremor array, gravity survey, and borehole were around 0.1–1, 1–5, 1, and 0.1–1 km, respectively. Furthermore, the corresponding sites of each survey type were conducted over 6000, over 280, over 7500, and over 3700, respectively. In addition, we developed a system to display the database on a map in a web browser (Web-GIS). GIS, Leaflet, a JavaScript library, were used to display the database of geotechnical information using the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) tiled map as the base map. The developed database on the GIS system will be a useful tool that can be used by researchers, engineers, and other stakeholders in the future. Graphical Abstract

Human activity and climate change significantly impact water quality, especially in Malang's watershed. This research aims to develop a web-based Geographic Information System (Web- GIS) for water quality monitoring in that watershed. The water quality data had been collected from Enviromental Office of Malang District and Malang City. Water quality in this application was determined using the STORET method, comparing water quality data to water quality standards according to Government regulation so that the water quality status at each monitoring point will be known. The total 57 monitoring points are visualized spatially in this application based on the sampling location plotted by Global Positioning System (GPS). The longitude and latitude coordinates of the monitoring location had been converted in GeoJSON using Quantum GIS (QGIS) software. Google Map API key was used to display a sampling location map on the website. Web-GIS application was tested functionally using a black box, compatibility, and usability testing. Based on the testing results, it worked correctly on Chrome, Edge, Mozilla, and Opera browsers for PC/Laptops and also for browsers on Android smartphones version 4 and above. The application could be appropriately used and efficiently based on usability testing results.

The Great Sumatran Fault activity on Sumatra Island has presented a series of volcanoes and geological landscapes that can be developed as geo-tourism potential, such as in Iboih. The Weh Island has many natural tourism potentials that can be used to improve the community's income directly and as lessons learned for the dangers of living in a volcanic environment. The conventional method of delivering information is through a guide to visitors. This is very limited to the guide's ability to explain the phenomenon of tourist sites and the relation to lessons learned. In this study, we use the integration of QR-Code and web-based technology to develop a digital tourism system that can provide unlimited information to visitors and can be managed efficiently by the public. The data analysis shows that a QR code information board integrated with a web-based programming system can be used to monitor the number of monthly visitors at each tourism site. In addition, the java-script integration on the QR code board can present information that can be changed through links, images or videos without reprinting the QR-code model. Furthermore, we also present important locations from Iboih Village in the form of Web-GIS, such as tourist locations, road access, public infrastructure and food locations that tourists can easily access. Based on the research, we conclude that integrating QR-code and web-based programming can be an effective tool in tourism development as a medium for lessons learned by the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The zonation system is one of the efforts of the Indonesian Government to improve the quality of education services continuously, but the implementation is still considered less useful. Some areas were still grouped into the different zone from the original. Based on this problem, the solution needed for the zonation mapping of each school so that the apparent zonation limit can be resolved. An application that can map schools in an area based on housing for prospective students is a solution that can be considered at this time. This research showed the implementation of Voronoi diagrams to cluster the area based on the school position within Bengkulu City. The system was also capable of mapping the residential of the student address to match the choice for registration in available secondary school and senior high school. The implementation of the system showed a better result for school zonation over Bengkulu City based on web geographic information system (Web GIS). Furthermore, the comparison analysis over the existing system also showed that the performance of the Voronoi diagram for school zonation the method could solve the problem of the overlapping zonation with Radius method. Three hundred fifty students validated this system to show the performance of this method. The result showed that 72.05% of students matched the first choice, while 27.95% of students matched the second choice. This research showed the analysis of the value of this gap appeared due to the student preferences and school capacity factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grasslands cover a substantial portion of the earth’s surface and agricultural land and is crucial for human well-being and livestock farming. Ranchers and grassland management authorities face challenges in effectively controlling herders’ grazing behavior and grassland utilization due to underdeveloped infrastructure and poor communication in pastoral areas. Cloud-based grazing management and decision support systems (DSS) are needed to address this issue, promote sustainable grassland use, and preserve their ecosystem services. These systems should enable rapid and large-scale grassland growth and utilization monitoring, providing a basis for decision-making in managing grazing and grassland areas. In this context, this study contributes to the objectives of the EU LIFE IMAGINE project, aiming to develop a Web-GIS app for conserving and monitoring Umbria’s grasslands and promoting more informed decisions for more sustainable livestock management. The app, called “Praterie” and developed in Google Earth Engine, utilizes historical Sentinel-2 satellite data and harmonic modeling of the EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) to estimate vegetation growth curves and maturity periods for the forthcoming vegetation cycle. The app is updated in quasi-real time and enables users to visualize estimates for the upcoming vegetation cycle, including the maximum greenness, the days remaining to the subsequent maturity period, the accuracy of the harmonic models, and the grassland greenness status in the previous 10 days. Even though future additional developments can improve the informative value of the Praterie app, this platform can contribute to optimizing livestock management and biodiversity conservation by providing timely and accurate data about grassland status and growth curves.

Garbage is a problem that needs an in-depth study in urban areas because the development of an area has consequences on increasing population density, facilities and infrastructure, public services, and other aspects that impact increasing the volume of waste. The distribution of temporary waste shelters (TPS) in each area is still insufficient to accommodate the volume of waste, and its availability is inadequate. The purpose of this study is to model spatial data through spatial analysis using artificial intelligence methods in classifying the development of integrated temporary shelter locations (TPST) and regional integrated temporary shelters (TPST Regions) by utilizing Web-based technology (Geographical Information System (Web-GIS). The Artificial Neural Network method with the Backpropagation algorithm is used for the spatial analysis process based on the parameters of the population, the amount of organic and inorganic waste, the amount of industrial waste, and the volume of the TPST and Regional TPST capacity. The spatial analysis results using the Artificial Neural Network method obtained an accuracy value of 7171.02%. The results of this study can be the basis for Department of Environment and Cleanliness policies for the development of TPST and TPST areas with information coverage at the village level.

Florence Heritage Data System is part of the projects for the protection and enhancement of the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL), contributing to the knowledge, use, protection and management of the Historic Centre of Florence. The main target is creationing a World Heritage sites control and evaluation model, using the system of data and techniques to evaluate architectural and urban restoration projects, in the context of dynamic transformations, on the historicized fabric. A necessary tool for the Florence World Heritage and Relations with UNESCO Office; it is usefull to the Periodic Reports, to the evaluations of the territorialized discipline and of the specific regulation on World Heritage (HIA), for the integration and identification of «elements of heritage» within «transformation projects», architectural diagnostics and cultural heritage cataloging and cartographic activities.

With the ever-increasing human population, there is a need to develop new urban settlements for human habitation. For these new settlements, it is imperative to optimally site different land-use zones, including solid waste disposal sites. The aim of this article is to determine suitable sites for locating a landfill in a new developed city in Zimbabwe around Mt. Hampden, named the New City. The New City will have various residential, commercial, and industrial areas. This entails the need for a proper site selection of a landfill to reduce the negative social and environmental effects such as contamination of water bodies and proliferation of diseases such as malaria. GIS and remote sensing were the major methods used in mapping the suitable areas. Multi-criteria evaluation and weighted overlay analysis methods were used in the landfill site selection process. Factors used for landfill site selection were rivers, settlements, roads, protected areas, and soils. A suitability map was generated, showing five potential sites that are suitable for landfill siting in the New City. Moderately suitable areas cover approximately 8%. A further 73% of the total land area in the study area is highly unsuitable for siting a landfill. A real-time Web-GIS monitoring interface was developed to monitor land use on the selected area, because the New City is a new area under development. Using a Web-GIS interface makes data easily accessible to environment planners, ecologists, spatial land planners, and other decision makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents a critical overview and an integrated application of two of the most promising digital technologies for the conservation of heritage buildings. On the one hand, the work discusses and evaluates the laser scanning technology and its current applications to preserving heritage buildings. On the other hand, the fundamentals and recent practices in 360° imaging are analysed. Finally, both technologies are integrated in two emblematic study cases, i.e. a large Neo-Manueline church in Portugal and a small Romanesque church in Spain, with the aim of creating geo-referenced enriched digital models and supporting the design of a proper preventive conservation plan. The large differences in terms of shape and extension of the investigated buildings demand the use and combination of different laser scanning and 360° imaging technologies in order to provide the best digital product at the least cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European building stock needs fast and affordable digitalization for facilitating the renovation process to achieve higher energy efficiency in buildings and in houses. Most of the residential buildings built between 1925-1975 lack proper documentation and digital building information, as opposed to newer buildings. Digital building information (geometry and attribute data) is required to plan retrofitting projects or renovations of facades. This work can only be efficient if Building Information Modelling (BIM) is available for stakeholders (owners, architects, contractors etc.). Whereas city planners of municipalities or social housing companies are striving to manage their properties and building portfolio on multiple scales, these stakeholders are seeking an approach that enables spatial planning, efficient asset management and energy consumption and management services for their buildings. In a EUREKA labelled project (E!12649 Ready2BIM) three partners worked together, two from Hungary (Geonardo Ltd. and SZTAKI) and one from Germany (CAALA GmbH).

Constructing geotechnical information database to collect information such as geophysical survey results and borehole data and then sharing it among researchers and engineers will be useful for developing research on the subsurface structure and the prevention of disasters such as earthquakes and landslides. The geotechnical information includes analysis results based on geophysical surveys, seismic observations, and borehole data. This database can be visually displayed on a map using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The existing analysis results can be checked consecutively. This will allow us to consider new observation plans and to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the subsurface structure model analysis. Therefore, in this study, a database of geotechnical information was developed for the San'in, Japan region. The San'in, Japan region is the western part of Honshu on the Sea of Japan side and includes Tottori and Shimane prefectures. The database of geotechnical information includes the results of microtremor and gravity survey, estimation of the subsurface structure based on seismic records, and borehole data in Tottori and Shimane prefectures. We gather high dense survey points from multiple references in the San'in region, Japan, such that the average space intervals of single station microtremor, microtremor array, gravity survey, and borehole were around 0.1–1, 1–5, 1, and 0.1–1 km, respectively. Furthermore, the corresponding sites of each survey type were conducted over 6000, over 280, over 7500, and over 3700, respectively. In addition, we developed a system to display the database on a map in a web browser (Web-GIS). GIS, Leaflet, a JavaScript library, were used to display the database of geotechnical information using the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) tiled map as the base map. The developed database on the GIS system will be a useful tool that can be used by researchers, engineers, and other stakeholders in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creation of tools and services for tracking, estimating, and predicting water resource indices that might provide authorities access to information in close to real-time is essentially a must. The considerable development of Web-Geographic Information System Decision Support System (Web-GIS DSS) allows for the analysis of geospatial data and scenarios via the internet without a traditional desktop GIS. The web GIS technology is coupled to techniques which determine water resources Carlson, and Organization for Economic Corporation and Development (OECD) Trophic Status Indices (TSIs), the water resource vulnerability index (WRVI), and social water stress index (SWSI). The water quality indices were determined by helping machine learning (ML) techniques, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and XGBoost. The performances of aforementioned MLs were compared, and the best efficient one, XGBoost, was included in the Web-GIS DSS tool. The developed Web-GIS DSS was examined in Javeh Reservoir, Kurdestan, Iran. The developed Web-GIS DSS allows the users to define the relevant features of the Javeh Reservoir system in pre-defined time horizons such as meteorological, hydrological, inflow water quality, reservoir operation strategies, downstream water demands, geographical external water transfers, etc. The results indicate that the Javeh Reservoir experiences eutrophication status according to the Carlson and OECD indices over time horizons. The water quantity assessment reveals the Javeh Reservoir's susceptibility based on WRVI, although no stress is indicated by SWSI. This susceptibility may be attributed to limited precipitation and water inflow during the simulation period, suggesting a need for comprehensive water resources management. The conclusion drawn from this research underscores the essential role of the developed Web-GIS DSS in decision-making processes for water and environment management, substantiating its practicality with accurate and user-friendly water and environmental data analysis. The tool exemplifies the potential of integrating ML and Web-GIS technologies to promote sustainable environmental practices, thereby establishing a model for future research and policy-making initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Echinococcosis is an infectious disease transferred through ingestion of food or water which has been contaminated with eggs of the Echinococcus tapeworm, which are spread by intermediate parasite hosts. Because the latter are primarily territorial, research related to diagnosis and prevention of echinococcosis requires investigation of environmental factors, which can be supported with the use of a Geographical Information System (GIS). In particular, since this type of research is usually performed by a team of medical researchers working individually with many patients, it can greatly benefit from the use of a Web-GIS, which provides remote access to data integration, storage and analysis tools. However, most existing Web-GIS solutions dedicated for disease mapping either exhibit limited functionality and interactivity (often due to the use of a thin-client approach) or are tied to a particular technological platform through a thick client based on a browser plugin. Moreover, few of the existing solutions provide user-friendly tools for data input, and none is directly integrated into the workflow of clinicians. This paper proposes a novel system architecture for Web-GIS dedicated to disease mapping, which attempts to optimize the use of client and server hardware resources while providing the user with a variety of analytic functionalities. The proposed architecture has been implemented in the form of a system for remote mapping and analysis of echinococcosis cases in Poland, which has been designed in cooperation with a major Polish hospital centre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the description of the web-GIS for mapping fire regimes in the Pechora-Ilych reserve and its environs. The main purpose of the resource is to provide the results of mapping fire regimes in the designated area to a wide range of researchers in an accessible form. Web-GIS allows organizing and storing the received thematic spatial data. The resource performs research and educational functions. The structure of the web-GIS includes the following sections: the study area, fire frequency indicators, fire regimes, fire regime condition class, and fire cycles. The web GIS was created using the ArcGIS StoryMaps tool on the ArcGIS Online platform. All sections use data from the ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World. Web-GIS allows receiving reference information about the indicators of fire frequency, fire cycles and regimes, as well as their deviations within the boundaries of the Pechora-Ilych nature reserve, district forestries, and spatial units. In particular, the results of a retrospective statistical analysis of forest fire indicators within spatial units (fire frequency, mean fire interval, etc.) are available for users.

The systematic analysis of crop condition monitoring using high spatial resolution satellite images is significant for decision-making and agricultural food production management. In the present paper, the web-GIS system has been designed and developed to accumulate spatial information, computing vegetation indices, and highlight Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes. The developed system was tested using Landsat-8 satellite images. The system preprocesses the Landsat-8 images for obtaining better surface reflectance, spatial and temporal resolutions and computes vegetation indices for crop condition monitoring. The developed web-GIS system provides an online mapping tool, vegetation indices statistics, download function with various standard formats, opacity function, image overlay, project wizard, and Geo-Mapper Application. Additionally, the system also offers vegetation status maps and its statistical values, which utilizes in further applications. In conclusion, the web-GIS system affords a dynamic user interface, which is useful for decision support and near real-time data with its comprehensive abilities.

The article focuses on the description of fire regimes mapping environment for the Pechora-Ilych nature reserve and its surroundings. The purpose of the system is presentation of fire regimes maps of the studied territory to a wide range of researchers in a convenient way. In addition, web-GIS allows to organize and store derivative thematic spatial data. The resource performs research and educational functions. The web-GIS structure includes sections: study area, burnability indicators, fire regimes, deviations of fire regimes, fire cycles. The system was created using the ArcGIS StoryMaps tool on the ArcGIS Online platform. All sections use data from the global geographic information collection ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World. Web-GIS allows you to get reference information about the burnability indicators, fire cycles and regimes, as well as their deviations within the Pechora-Ilych nature reserve, local forest areas and spatial units boundaries. In particular, the results of a retrospective statistical analysis of forest burnability indicators within spatial units (the fire frequency, the average number of years between fires, and others) are available.

Florence Heritage Data System is part of the projects for the protection and enhancement of the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL), contributing to the knowledge, use, protection and management of the Historic Centre of Florence. The main target is creationing a World Heritage sites control and evaluation model, using the system of data and techniques to evaluate architectural and urban restoration projects, in the context of dynamic transformations, on the historicized fabric. A necessary tool for the Florence World Heritage Relations with UNESCO Office; it is usefull to the Periodic Reports, to the evaluations of the territorialized discipline and of the specific regulation on World Heritage (HIA), for the integration and identification of «elements of heritage» within «transformation projects», architectural diagnostics and cultural heritage cataloging and cartographic activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European building stock needs fast and affordable digitalization for facilitating the renovation process to achieve higher energy efficiency in buildings and in houses. Most of the residential buildings built between 1925-1975 lack proper documentation and digital building information, as opposed to newer buildings. Digital building information (geometry and attribute data) is required to plan retrofitting projects or renovations of facades. This work can only be efficient if Building Information Modelling (BIM) is available for stakeholders (owners, architects, contractors etc.). Whereas city planners of municipalities or social housing companies are striving to manage their properties and building portfolio on multiple scales, these stakeholders are seeking an approach that enables spatial planning, efficient asset management and energy consumption and management services for their buildings. In a EUREKA labelled project (E!12649 Ready2BIM) three partners worked together, two from Hungary (Geonardo Ltd. and SZTAKI) and one from Germany (CAALA GmbH). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the reorganisation of archaeometallurgical legacy data for future research. When archaeometallurgical research aims to answer questions that involve significant movements of raw material or metal objects, it needs to rely on large sets of data. These data are available but scattered across hundreds publications, where they are differently organised, based on the focus of the original papers. The FLAME‐D database aims to collect this corpus of data and include it in a versatile structure that also maintains the information about the original data organization. The production of such a database requires transparent data transformations. The database is complemented by a series of online tools that make data available to answer new questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Italian Ministry of Culture regional branch in the Marche region is developing a Web-GIS system dedicated to the local cultural heritage focused on architectural and landscape sites. The informative system is based on two main datasets: the regional listed architectural heritage sites and the architectural heritage sites affected by 2016 earthquake events. The data processing and the following datasets merging arose challenging issues linked to the complexity of the information associated with each architectural site. Through a research partnership, the project team firstly defined a method based on the critical understanding of the cultural features of the sites. Subsequently, the data processing procedure was codified through a mismatch control protocol, tested over a sample of the sites.

The Italian Ministry of Culture regional branch in Marche region is developing a Web-GIS system dedicated to the local cultural heritage, focused to architectural and landscape sites. The informative system is based on two main datasets: the regional listed architectural heritage sites and the architectural heritage sites affected by 2016 earthquake events. The data processing and the following datasets merging arose challenging issues linked to the complexity of the information associated to each architectural site. Through a research partnership the project team firstly defined a method based on the critical understanding of the cultural features of the sites. Subsequently the data processing procedure was codified through a mismatch control protocol, tested over a sample of the sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The systematic analysis of crop condition monitoring using high spatial resolution satellite images is significant for decision-making and agricultural food production management. In the present paper, the web-GIS system has been designed and developed to accumulate spatial information, computing vegetation indices, and highlight Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes. The developed system was tested using Landsat-8 satellite images. The system preprocesses the Landsat-8 images for obtaining better surface reflectance, spatial and temporal resolutions and computes vegetation indices for crop condition monitoring. The developed web-GIS system provides an online mapping tool, vegetation indices statistics, download function with various standard formats, opacity function, image overlay, project wizard, and Geo-Mapper Application. Additionally, the system also offers vegetation status maps and its statistical values, which utilizes in further applications. In conclusion, the web-GIS system affords a dynamic user interface, which is useful for decision support and near real-time data with its comprehensive abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]