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YouTube has emerged as a valuable resource for trans people to get themselves heard. It also has the potential to help mainstream audiences to understand more about transgender's lives. Following Contact, Narrative Persuasion, and Queer Intercultural Theories, two experiments were conducted among cisgender people to investigate which types of narratives (positive, neutral, or negative) shared by trans YouTubers are more effective for reducing prejudice towards trans people, and whether this effect depends on the YouTuber's gender (Study 1) and/or their ethnic background (Study 2). Results from Study 1 (N = 254) show that negative narratives mediate the reduction of prejudice through narrative transportation, empathy, and intergroup anxiety. Trans women's narratives are more effective for prejudice reduction. Study 2 (N = 161) replicates these findings and shows that xenophobia moderates the aforesaid effect if trans YouTubers are from different nationalities. Consequently, different prejudices might interact in the reception of LGBTQ+ narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Japan, major newspapers often report transgressions of powerful figures in understated ways or ignore them entirely. Outside media such as weeklies have limited access to interview sources about the country's elites. However, precisely because of their marginal status, outside media have little restraint to expose transgressions of the powerful by turning leaks from those with access to sources into scoops. In summer of 2023, in a series of scoops, Shukan Bunshun, Japan's popular weekly, targeted Kihara Seiji, a member of the House of Representatives and close aide to Prime Minister Kishida Fumio. At the core of the weekly magazine's exposé was Kihara and his associates' suspected interference in the reinvestigation in 2018 where his wife was questioned as a person of interest for the death of her ex-husband in 2006. The scoops were virtually ignored for months by the major media but spread by pundits on social media platforms such as YouTube and captivated their audience. By focusing on the gap in media coverage of Kihara jiken (incident) and the roles of social media pundits, I contemplate news journalism and co-production of high-profile scandals in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

YouTube has emerged as a valuable resource for trans people to get themselves heard. It also has the potential to help mainstream audiences to understand more about transgender’s lives. Following Contact, Narrative Persuasion, and Queer Intercultural Theories, two experiments were conducted among cisgender people to investigate which types of narratives (positive, neutral, or negative) shared by trans YouTubers are more effective for reducing prejudice towards trans people, and whether this effect depends on the YouTuber’s gender (Study 1) and/or their ethnic background (Study 2). Results from Study 1 (N = 254) show that negative narratives mediate the reduction of prejudice through narrative transportation, empathy, and intergroup anxiety. Trans women’s narratives are more effective for prejudice reduction. Study 2 (N = 161) replicates these findings and shows that xenophobia moderates the aforesaid effect if trans YouTubers are from different nationalities. Consequently, different prejudices might interact in the reception of LGBTQ+ narratives.

El propósito de este artículo es estudiar los mecanismos empleados por los creadores de contenido de YouTube para segmentar sus discursos en apartados y párrafos. Estos mensajes presentan la particularidad de ser, por un lado, orales, por lo que no se observan en ellos los mecanismos gráficos de segmentación de los textos escritos. Al mismo tiempo, el intercambio es asincrónico, lo que conlleva una mayor planificación que en las conversaciones informales. A partir del análisis de cuatro vídeos de divulgación científica publicados por cuatro youtubers españoles, comprobamos que la combinación de los criterios temático, de sintaxis discursiva, interactivo y multimodal resulta de gran utilidad para proponer una segmentación de estos discursos en apartados y párrafos. Todo ello muestra cómo los creadores de contenido explotan las posibilidades del medio digital para estructurar informativamente sus mensajes con el fin de ajustarlos a su intención comunicativa.

Content creators on platforms such as YouTube, Instagram and Twitch are a fundamental part of adolescent culture, as they act as influencers, leaders and referents in the consumption of multimedia products aimed at the adolescent public. Communication research must intervene in the analysis of the possibilities and risks of these virtual spaces, in which not only consumption practices but also forms of coexistence and values of democratic systems are organised. The aim of this paper is to study the communicative interactions generated on social networks such as YouTube and Instagram in the profiles of the influencers with the most followers among teenagers in Spain, based on the number of contents generated and the responses they receive from users. Using natural language processing (NLP) techniques and sentiment analysis, 10 influencers with the most followers were studied, extracted from 2,749 questionnaires carried out among young people aged between 12 and 18 in Spain. The results show that while the number of views is strongly correlated with the number of likes reflected in the 2.142 videos, there is no strong correlation with the number of comments. This points to the need to revise the concept of audience engagement. Furthermore, although the 'positivity bias' prevails in the expression of emotions between influencers and followers, the analysis of the polarity of the titles of the videos analysed shows a high percentage of neutral and negative polarity, as strategies for attracting attention. In relation to the analysis of the word-clouds, it is observed that the comments of influencers and followers tend to have a positive and neutral polarity, under a redundant communication model in its bidirectionality. The conclusions point to the social and marketing implications of the power of influencers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to reflect on the images of childhood in videos featuring child YouTubers playing, analyzing the nature of play portrayed in them and its relationship with the child's right to play and be protected against any form of exploitation. Method: A documentary study of 100 videos shared on YouTube was conducted, subjected to categorical content analysis with an emphasis on the modes of participation of adults and children in dialogues with the platform's languages present in the videos. Results and Discussion: The boundaries between children's artistic expression and child labor exploitation are becoming increasingly challenging, with legal discussions presenting difficulties in regulation due to the home environment and predominant parental control. The analysis reveals how the videos are perceived as standardized commodities, hiding the concrete work behind an image of apparent spontaneity. Conclusion: The research highlights contractual digital risks for children, focusing on those related to commercialization. The analyzed videos reflect an instrumentalization of the child's basic right to play, associated with market interests, an aspect that takes on the contours of child labor exploitation, compromising the freedom to play spontaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data from previous studies show that YouTube and YouTubers have become an integral part of adolescents' lives and have a significant impact on how adolescents view themselves and the world around them. Previous studies suggest that parasocial relationships with YouTubers are likely to have some characteristics that differ from those with traditional celebrities, such as reciprocity or the illusion of intimacy. The question of this study was why YouTubers are so attractive to adolescents and what are the main components of this attractiveness. A sample of 39 adolescents aged 11 to 20 who were fans of at least one YouTuber participated in focus groups in which we collected data on participants' perceptions of their favourite YouTuber and their YouTuber-related behaviours, expectations, beliefs, and social context. The grounded theory approach was used. The analysis yielded core category "identification" which is a powerful mechanism in adolescent psychology. The core category was supported by four general categories: (1) personal characteristics of YouTubers, (2) characteristics of the relationships between YouTubers and their followers, (3) characteristics related to followers' social context, and (4) characteristics related to the medium itself (e. g. accessibility). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article's main aim is to analyse public discourses about tax avoidance in Spain by studying the scandal stirred up by the announcement by ElRubius (the most popular YouTuber in Spain, with 40.3 million subscribers) that he was moving to Andorra to pay lower taxes. To fulfil this aim, we use thematic analysis to study the most viewed and commented videos posted on YouTube by both YouTubers and the traditional media, as well as their comments sections, to identify how taxes are defined, how YouTubers and their audiences are portrayed and what forms of identification these stories offer. Our results show that ElRubius' announcement sparked a polarised debate. On the one hand, traditional media framed the debate as a moral one, attacked ElRubius using a 'naming and shaming' strategy and defended redistributive taxes as a means of financing public services and achieving wealth redistribution. On the other hand, YouTubers defended a neoliberal agenda by portraying taxes as a burden, promoting self-interest and denouncing the Spanish state as too big, inefficient and corrupt. The analysis of the comments shows how the traditional media strategy of shaming ElRubius failed, as audiences mostly identified with him and endorsed the discourse of YouTubers who defended him. Thus, although the welfare state is still very much legitimised in Spain, we can see how new hegemonies are being created and promoted in the context of social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professional YouTubers have become highly popular in producing video content through self-mediation. Objective. The present article aimed to study ways in which lifestyle YouTubers construct health practices in their videos within the YouTube media culture. Design. We conducted a narrative and visual analysis across a selection of 15 videos. Results. Results showed that YouTubers' practices and recommendations for a better life were structured around three themes: Eating to live well; Exercising to live well; Resting to live well and, a fourth cross-cutting theme on Practices aimed at self-development to achieve health and happiness. YouTubers were mainly female presenting, as well as middle/upper-class and white appearing. An overall optimistic tone characterised their health stories, as they delivered personal experiences of success on becoming healthy, happy, and better persons, while encouraging viewers to act similarly. Our findings suggested that YouTubers actively contribute to construct unprecedented definitions of health, enhanced by the social media culture and broader societal logics of healthism and postfeminism. Conclusion. Our study constitutes an original contribution to critical health psychology by examining some of the paradoxes raised by social media influencers like YouTubers regarding health and wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to discuss the construction of the public sphere, civil society, and public opinion, transitioning from conventional approaches to the dynamics imposed by new digital communication trends on opiniongenerating audiences and influencers emerging on YouTube. Iñaki Angulo, creator of the channel "Iñaki Angulo Tv," a producer of sports journalism content, and Chumel Torres, the mind behind "El pulso de la república," who adopts a journalistic language, are taken as subjects for analysis through documentary review and analytical methods. The article concludes with a sketch of the term "Tuberjournalism," an opinionated audiovisual product characterized by journalistic rigor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este artículo se propone analizar la producción de videos en YouTube sobre televisión de espectáculos en Argentina, en el marco del postbroadcasting. Caracterizando el momento actual de convergencia, estas mediatizaciones son entendidas como transmedia. De esta manera, pueden ser pensadas como una continuidad del género de lo metatelevisivo. Se seleccionaron tres youtubers argentinos que producen contenido sobre televisión de espectáculos desde enfoques diferenciados, con distintos recortes históricos, disposiciones de enunciación y propuestas de organización de interfaz, según el vínculo con otras plataformas audiovisuales. El centro está puesto en les youtubers como prosumidores, ya que las marcas de subjetividad que despliegan refuerzan la construcción de intimidad con su audiencia, y se relacionan con la selección y presentación del contenido. Se concluye que el espacio privilegiado para la producción de discursos sobre la intimidad pública sigue siendo el televisivo y que estos contenidos, lejos de augurar su fin, apuntalan la supervivencia y transformación del medio.

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YouTubers, content creators, or vloggers link in some way to influence their viewers. Therefore, the use of creative languages and a good linguistic approach is crucial to convey the content of the videos. Deictic expression is a common and a universal feature in regular conversation as well as in written productions. Deixis features a word or a phrase that points out people as person deixis, time as temporal deixis, or place as spatial deixis. This study analyzes and compares the use of person deictic expressions from six videos taken from three Indonesian male food vloggers and three Indonesian female food vloggers who have the most subscribers. The findings show that there is a difference between Indonesian male and female food vloggers. While Indonesian male food vloggers are mostly use informal person deictic expression gue (English: I, informal style), Indonesian female food vloggers use formal-polite person deictic expression aku, saya (English: I, formal style). They also use kita (English: inclusive-we) to minimize the distance between them and the viewers, indicating that they are having the same experiences. The findings could help the readers and the YouTube viewers to understand the function of person deictic expression that is to place the food vloggers at the center of the situation

INTRODUCCIÓN. El mercado laboral está sufriendo continuas transformaciones, emergiendo nuevas profesiones fruto de la digitalización. Asimismo, las redes sociales se están convirtiendo en herramientas profesionalizadas, al tiempo que un nicho de mercado para todos los segmentos sociales, incluidos los menores. En el ecosistema mediático surgen youtubers e influencers como profesionales de estos medios, ejerciendo gran influencia entre sus seguidores por los contenidos digitales generados y porque se convierten en modelos de referencia en el deseo vocacional de los menores, quienes desean emularlos y dedicarse a su misma profesión. Es por ello que el objetivo de esta investigación es identificar factores que puedan incidir en el deseo de los menores de querer ser celebrities. MÉTODO. Se siguió una metodología cuantitativa, empleando como instrumento de recogida de información un cuestionario, aplicado a 343 escolares de quinto y sexto de Educación Primaria. RESULTADOS. El 60.2% desearía ser youtuber y/o influencer, decantándose por ello quienes poseen un perfil en redes, principalmente en Tik Tok. Un mayor compromiso escolar (cognitivo y conductual) implica un menor deseo de dedicarse a esta profesión. Asimismo, disponer de redes sociales favorece un menor compromiso escolar. DISCUSIÓN. Resulta necesario implementar programas de orientación vocacional con los menores para gestionar críticamente las influencias que reciben en su toma de decisiones y en la construcción de su proyecto de vida.

Copyright of Dixit. Comunicación, Profesión, Conocimiento is the property of Universidad Catolica del Uruguay Damaso Antonio Larranaga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the last 5 years, the video platform YouTube and its content creators -- the youtubers -- have gained attention in scientific research that warns about the increasingly prominent role of the platform when it comes to the dissemination of misinformation online. By occupying privileged space in the Internet's sphere of public visibility, these individuals create a series of discursive and engagement strategies characteristic of what researcher Rebecca Lewis (2018) calls the "Alternative Influence" network on YouTube. Thus, the purpose of this article is to present a content and image analysis of four videos that present disinformation discourses about Amazon wildfires between the years 2019 to 2021. The results of our incursions showed that the construction of an image of authority and credibility, whether self-attributed or not, added to virulent, inflammatory, and inflammable arguments were basic elements for the constitution of a false narrative about the case, culminating in a real "fire" on YouTube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Las aplicaciones basadas en Inteligencia Artificial intermedian de forma creciente nuestra relación con el entorno, lo que da lugar a la emergencia de procesos adaptativos con implicaciones éticas y antropológicas que apenas comienzan a vislumbrarse. Este texto examina algunas de ellas a través del caso de los youtubers. Estos se enfrentan cotidianamente con sistemas de recomendación controlados por redes neuronales artificiales que deciden el destino de sus producciones, y muchos tratan de comprender su funcionamiento para obtener ventaja y poner a estas «de su parte». Se teoriza sobre el papel de la Inteligencia Artificial analizando los discursos y prácticas de los youtubers frente a estos «algoritmos». Se plantea como hipótesis que estos presionan a los participantes a adherirse al modelo de negocio de YouTube, convirtiendo sus producciones en ofrendas para las redes neuronales.

Copyright of Omer Halisdemir Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Omer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Economics & Admistrative Sciene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En crisis sanitarias como la de la COVID-19, en la que aumenta el consumo de YouTube por parte de la audiencia preescolar y empeoran sus hábitos alimenticios, resulta primordial mantener un mayor control de la publicidad que consume este público en esta red social. Este artículo tiene como propósito identificar y analizar la publicidad de marcas de alimentos ultraprocesados emitida por los populares youtubers infantiles Vlad y Niki durante el estado de alarma por la COVID-19. Se realizó un análisis de contenido de 802 marcas detectadas en 249 vídeos publicados en el canal en español desde su apertura (diciembre de 2018) hasta enero de 2021. Se encontró que durante la COVID-19 los youtubers promocionaron un mayor número de marcas de alimentos ultraprocesados sin revelar el vínculo con el anunciante en un lugar visible y comprensible, y que expresaron emociones positivas al consumirlos. Esto pone en riesgo la salud del colectivo al constatar en estudios previos que existe una relación entre este tipo de publicidad y la obesidad infantil.

En los últimos años han ido emergiendo en YouTube divulgadores independientes de prácticamente la totalidad de campos académicos, culturales y científicos; también conocidos como influencers de ciencia. Paralelamente, las tradicionales instituciones académicas y científicas se han sumado al fenómeno de la divulgación digital lanzando sus propios canales de YouTube, como es el caso de las Unidades de Cultura Científica e Innovación (UCC+i) de la mayoría de universidades españolas. Este artículo profundiza en la divulgación científica desarrollada en YouTube por ambos colectivos y establece un análisis comparativo entre los resultados obtenidos por los influencers de ciencia frente a los canales institucionales. Los resultados revelan que los canales de YouTube que pertenecen a instituciones científicas tienen un alcance y un engagement muy por debajo del que poseen los canales de influencers de ciencia. En cuanto al estilo, los youtubers independientes apuestan por un formato audiovisual más adaptado a la plataforma y por el uso de un tono ameno basado en unos códigos comunes compartidos con la comunidad. Por su parte, los canales de entidades científicas muestran una faceta demasiado institucional y corporativa que seguramente esté lastrando su potencial divulgativo y su capacidad de impacto entre la ciudadanía mediática.

In response to the feminist movement, in recent years we have seen the strengthening of reactionary positions and anti-feminist digital cultures. This article focuses on the audio-visual production within the Manosphere and how it connects with masculinist ideologies and far-right ideals. Two fundamental formats in this digital culture have been examined: the meme videos of Youtubers from anti-feminist accounts and channels. Through an analysis of audio-visual content and thematic categorical analysis, a political strategy based on male victimization emerges, the accusation (demonization/ridicule) of feminism (and feminists), and a consequent call to action and reaction against it. This strategy is based on a series of discursive tools based on offensive humour, decontextualization, false debates and the clapback culture. In conclusion, antifeminist digital activism has a direct impact on men's identity definitions as well as on their political positions, demonstrating that antifeminist culture operates both outwardly (politically confronting and viralizing social meanings) and inwardly (entrenching affectively and creating a common frame of reference). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Theory & Practice in Education (JTPE) / Eğitimde Kuram ve Uygulama is the property of Journal of Theory & Practice in Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A first attempt is made in this article to examine and conceptualize the economic aspect of the activities of young populations in the network. Recent studies have shown how daily use of digital technology, surfing the web, and using social networks affect monetary exchanges and change familiar conceptions of work and leisure. Children and adolescents are integral parts of the digital technology and Internet landscape, causing changes to childhood concepts and perceptions regarding childhood and money. The article is a part of a comprehensive study that examines these effects and focuses on children and adolescents' YouTube activities from an economic perspective. First, we present a theoretical review of the characteristics of network activities as work, prevailing perceptions regarding children's work, and the combination of leisure and work elements on YouTube. We then present findings regarding salient features of 'work' found in the leisure activities of the young population on YouTube. In the final chapter we provide suggestions based on the recognition of activities on YouTube as desired productive activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esta investigación analiza las pautas de comunicación visual de los vídeos publicados, en castellano, por niños y adolescentes youtubers. Se ha estudiado el contenido de 300 vídeos de hasta 15 minutos de youtubers de entre 11 y 17 años con más de 1 millón de seguidores, lo que les convierte en macro influencers. El estudio confirma que el empleo de los recursos audiovisuales y la escena que se muestra mediante la combinación de encuadres y ángulos de la toma configura el estilo de los canales, si bien los youtubers alternan en sus canales otras producciones que se alejan de su fórmula habitual. También, se ha observado diferencias de género, aunque no por edad. En definitiva, nos situamos ante un elaborado proceso de edición con el propósito de realizar una producción audiovisual dinámica con vistas a agradar al público destinatario.

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar a los youtubers que generan y comparten contenido político. Se distingue entre dos grupos: quienes defienden las acciones gubernamentales y quienes son detractores. Se busca comprender cómo estos youtubers se construyen, cuáles son sus recursos, estrategias y relatos para persuadir a sus audiencias y, por último, cuál es la cultura política de esos líderes de opinión. Esto se observa en las publicaciones realizadas durante los primeros meses de la pandemia de covid-19 en México. Se utiliza el método de estudio de caso y una metodología cualitativa de análisis de contenido online. Se propone una definición del youtuber, un marco conceptual para su análisis y evidencia acerca de un fenómeno sociológico en ciernes.

During quarantine, between March and May 2020, YouTubers disseminated information about Covid-19 and the quarantine. The objectives of this study are (1) to explore whether YouTubers are considered as reliable sources of information regarding quarantine by French social media users, (2) to evaluate the link between the parasocial relationship with a favorite YouTuber and the level of trust in the information provided by this YouTuber and (3) to test the effectiveness of the favorite YouTuber as a source of information about the benefit of quarantine. Data from 596 participants were collected through an online survey, among whom, 251 had a favorite YouTuber. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and ordered logistic regressions were used to explore two research questions and to test two hypotheses. Results show that (1) information about the benefit of quarantine from the favorite YouTuber is considered just as reliable as information from journalists, friends or family members, (2) the intensity of the parasocial relationship with the favorite YouTuber is positively and significantly associated with the level of trust in that favorite YouTuber, (3) having received trusted information about the benefit of quarantine from one's favorite YouTubers is positively and significantly associated with the perception of the utility of quarantining. This study identifies YouTubers as important sources for health communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This project sits at the intersection of three axes: (a) influencers as the increasing focus of minors’ attention and trust online, (b) sponsored content about eating habits and physical appearance produced by these influencers, and (c) minors’ ability to discern and identify the persuasive intent of said content. The usefulness of analyzing the interplay of these three axes lies in the impact that consumption of this content has on minors’ self-esteem and on the adoption of certain habits that can directly impact their personal well-being. For this reason, this project seeks to provide insight into the social imaginary that influencers’ sponsored speech creates in minors regarding their physical appearance. To this end, a qualitative study with 12 focus groups of minors aged 11–17 years of age who reside in Spain was proposed. Notable among the key results was that the interviewees recognize that they primarily receive commercial messages about food and products related to physical appearance, such as makeup or clothing, from influencers; likewise, they are aware of persuasive tactics used on social networks, such as the construction of a perfect, aspirational world, which minors absorb and accept as part of the digital environment and end up incorporating into their behavior on social networks. This research aims to help demonstrate that teaching critical thinking is a long-term cultural investment that would make the citizens of tomorrow aware, engaged, and active. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Abant Social Sciences / Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Journal of Abant Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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YouTube was one of the first platforms fuelling every layperson's dream to get a taste of stardom. Standing true to its promise, it exposed everyone to content creation and every aspect of fame that comes with content creation. The good, the bad, and the ugly side of the online platform involve the trolls and hate comments on the online platforms. It was eventually noticed that the trolling phenomena are shaping up biasedly and follow gender inequality recently. The online trolls are severe and ugly, especially for female content creators. The comments were harsh, demeaning and sometimes vindictive. Looking at this aspect of genderspecific trolling, the study aimed to explore and understand the trolling and nature of the trolls that female YouTubers encounter day-to-day. A qualitative approach was used to comprehend the argument. In-depth interviews were conducted with female content creators on YouTube. The YouTubers considered for the study were first selected by reviewing their content and their number of followers. Later they were connected individually to participate in the study. A total of fifteen female YouTubers were interviewed across different genres of beauty, lifestyle, entertainment and art. The study further dissected these female Youtubers' trolling and backlash experiences and their effect on their content output. These YouTubers have been actively using the tools provided by the platform to block out the negativity from their channels. At the same time, they have realised that it may not be easy to cut the hate comments and trolls out entirely. The conversation highlighted the impact and severity of trolls and their efforts to refocus their energies and attention on improving and creating better quality. The study will act as a reference point for future feminist scholars across disciplines and further explore online trolling phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social networks are digital media platforms that are frequently used by most of the population. This popularity has facilitated their use in many areas such as learning. This is the case of YouTube, one of the social networks that is most widely used for this purpose. The aim of this study is to enable an evaluation of YouTube's characteristics as a means of informal learning according to the variables of gender, education, and age. This quantitative study includes descriptive and inferential analyses. Data collection was carried out by means of an ad hoc questionnaire that includes instrumental and pedagogical dimensions. The data were obtained through Google Forms. The sample is made up of 504 people aged 14-60 years from Andalusia (Spain). The results reveal a high evaluation of YouTube as an informal educational resource by the study population in both dimensions observed. Various aspects of both dimensions were shown to be relevant, in particular instrumental aspects such as rapid learning and the adaptation of learning to desired times and spaces, as well as pedagogical aspects such as the use of mobile devices as learning mediators (mlearning) and the personalization of learning through the choice of instructor and the exploration of different ways to learn. The inferential analysis reveals statistically significant differences according to gender in the evaluation of existing thematic channels on YouTube, and in the training items linked to the practicality of learning. Age was the variable with the greatest influence, showing differences in many of the items evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Frequentemente criticado por seu caráter “jupiteriano” e distante do povo, o presidente da França, Emmanuel Macron, tem feito diferentes ações de comunicação nas redes sociais digitais. Este artigo se concentra num estudo sociodiscursivo de uma operação do governo Macron com youtubers na luta contra a covid-19. Tais iniciativas chamam atenção tanto pela presença desses “novos” mediadores e uma tentativa de “horizontalizar” a comunicação governamental quanto pelas críticas que emergem sobre a suposta utilização desses canais para promoção política. Questiona-se também a maneira com a qual é tratada a operação por jornalistas e mídias online, mostrando o potencial de líderes políticos de “fazerem acontecimento” a partir de campanhas ou declarações (e não de ações públicas concretas) e de exercerem um certo controle sobre a agenda midiática.

La presente investigación busca conocer la calidad de los vídeos de YouTube sobre dietas milagro y la interacción que generan, sobre todo dado el potencial riesgo que pueden suponer para los espectadores que sigan sus consejos en caso de que estos puedan resultar nocivos. Para ello se analizaron 50 vídeos en español e inglés, siendo estos los más vistos en la categoría de dietas rápidas. A través de un análisis de contenido cuantitativo y cualitativo, se evaluó la calidad y la credibilidad transmitida en ellos, así como los efectos de estas dos características sobre la interacción. Los resultados sugieren que la calidad de estos contenidos en ocasiones es muy reducida, con frecuentes alusiones a «productos milagro» y con recomendaciones sin base científica o sin garantía de funcionamiento, e incluso con indicaciones engañosas y consejos perjudiciales para la salud. Sin embargo, la presencia de información equilibrada, la alusión a fuentes fiables, la inclusión de expertos en la materia, la mención de cualificaciones o la formación previa influyen en un mayor volumen de interacciones positivas, mientras que la información sesgada o el uso de fuentes poco fiables se correlaciona con una menor cantidad de interacciones. En general, se comprobó que los vídeos que apuestan por elementos de calidad no lo hacen de manera aislada, mientras que aquellos que recurren a estrategias incorrectas también tienden a hacerlo en varias dimensiones. Todo esto demuestra que, aunque la exposición a estas grabaciones es muy elevada y la calidad resulta, en general, reducida, la inclusión en ellos de elementos de confianza repercute positivamente en la interacción con la audiencia.

YouTube is one of the most popular websites amongst the Portuguese youth and their homegrown stars, the YouTubers, are beloved entertainers. This paper presents a qualitative study based on four focus groups with 36 teenagers, aged 12 to 16 years old, and it has three main objectives: to understand their motivations for using it; how this platform (and its contents and authors) interplay with their identity and socialization; and to acknowledge their perspectives on YouTube and YouTubers. It concludes that the sample is made up of very regular viewers, with critical insights on the platform and its contents and creators, but who, despite this overall popularity amidst friends and the easiness of ways to share their interests, regard YouTube and YouTubers as funny entertainers for more individual practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores slash fiction written about four gaming YouTubers: El Rubius, Mangel, Jacksepticeye and Markiplier. Slash fiction are texts that narrate fictional romantic and sexual stories between two male characters or celebrities who define themselves as heterosexuals. Through thematic analysis, this research analyses fandom self-representation, their role and identity as fans, and the portrayal of the relationship with the YouTubers. Results show that fans represent themselves positively and are acceptant of LGBTIQ+ identities, even though gaming communities are often misogynistic and homophobic. Toxic fans are presented as exceptions within the majority of the fandom. In these texts, the You-Tubers appreciate slash fiction and desire to have a close bond with their audience. Fans give themselves much agency to intervene in the YouTubers' lives and expect transparency and authenticity from them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of technological innovation and the changing environment, new professions have emerged in recent years. One of these is the influencer, a person who, through their posts on YouTube (the youtubers), Instagram (the instagrammers), and other social networks, influences the thinking and the way of acting of preadolescents and becomes their new reference. This influence has repercussions for their career choices and life project. This research seeks the variables that influence minors to want to exercise professions linked to the use of social networks. To respond to the proposed objectives and hypotheses, and adopting a quantitative approach, a questionnaire was applied to 343 Spanish students in the fifth and sixth grades of primary education. The results show that the Machiavellianism variable is the one that shows the greatest differences between boys and girls who want to be youtubers and/or instagrammers and those who do not. The second most significant variable is narcissism, a characteristic of postmodern society and the digital environment. The rest of the variables studied (self-esteem, school commitment, and dominance) differ to a lesser extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O presente trabalho é parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado, produzida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação/MPET, do IFSul. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a fabricação de uma população dita “Jovem” na atualidade. Pretendeu-se, neste trabalho, investigar algumas construções/modalidades discursivas que vêm atravessando e constituindo essa população dita jovem, principalmente na internet, especificamente no YouTube. Tal análise buscou colocar em movimento algumas ferramentas da análise do discurso Foucaultiana. O trabalho analítico, aqui apresentado, problematiza um enunciado muito potente que auxilia na fabricação do dispositivo de juventude: o enunciado da juventude digitalizada.

Este artículo analiza la reacción de la audiencia de la youtuber española Verdeliss, con la mayor comunidad de seguidoras en España en ámbito de la crianza y la maternidad, en relación a la presencia de sus hijas e hijos menores en los contenidos que publica en su canal de YouTube. En una encuesta realizada a 1.336 seguidoras, se constató que más de la mitad de las mismas se sienten incómodas por la presencia de menores en videos en los que además se promocionan marcas comerciales. Este grupo valora peor a la youtuber en casi todas las dimensiones relacionadas con su capacidad persuasiva y además compra menos productos recomendados por ella en sus vídeos. Asimismo, en un análisis cualitativo de 284 comentarios en preguntas de respuesta abierta se pudo apreciar que existen varios argumentos dentro de este grupo de seguidoras más críticas con la youtuber, entre los que destacan su malestar por la excesiva exposición de los menores, un rechazo frontal a la mercantilización de la imagen de estos y un llamamiento a las instituciones competentes a que protejan a los menores. A la vista de las diferencias en la valoración de la youtuber, los resultados sugieren que el sharenting puede producir efectos negativos en la promoción de marcas comerciales.

This article analyzes the reaction of the audience of the Spanish youtuber Verdeliss, who has the largest community of Spanish followers in the field of parenting and motherhood, to the presence of her underage children in the contents that she publishes on YouTube. A survey made among 1.336 followers of her YouTube channel found that the majority of them feel uncomfortable because of the presence of minors in videos where commercial brands are also promoted. This group rates the youtuber worse in almost all dimensions related to her persuasive ability, and they also buy fewer products recommended by her. Likewise, in a qualitative analysis of 284 comments to open-ended questions, it was observed that there are several arguments within this group of uncomfortable followers, among which stand out their discomfort with the excessive exposure of minors, a frontal rejection to the commodification of their image, and a call on competent authorities to protect the minors. Taking into account the differences in the evaluation of the youtuber, these results suggest that sharenting could produce negative effects in the promotion of brands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]